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1 | |
2 | package MooseX::Getopt; |
3 | use Moose::Role; |
4 | |
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5 | use MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap; |
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6 | use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute; |
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7 | use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetopt; |
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8 | |
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9 | use Getopt::Long (); # GLD uses it anyway, doesn't hurt |
10 | use constant HAVE_GLD => not not eval { require Getopt::Long::Descriptive }; |
11 | |
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12 | our $VERSION = '0.12'; |
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13 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
14 | |
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15 | has ARGV => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef', metaclass => "NoGetopt"); |
16 | has extra_argv => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef', metaclass => "NoGetopt"); |
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17 | |
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18 | sub new_with_options { |
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19 | my ($class, @params) = @_; |
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20 | |
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21 | my %processed = $class->_parse_argv( |
22 | options => [ |
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23 | $class->_attrs_to_options( @params ) |
26be7f7e |
24 | ] |
25 | ); |
ee211848 |
26 | |
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27 | my $params = $processed{params}; |
28 | |
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29 | if($class->meta->does_role('MooseX::ConfigFromFile')) { |
30 | my $configfile; |
31 | |
32 | if(defined $params->{configfile}) { |
33 | $configfile = $params->{configfile} |
34 | } |
35 | else { |
36 | my $cfmeta = $class->meta->get_attribute('configfile'); |
37 | $configfile = $cfmeta->default if $cfmeta->has_default; |
38 | } |
39 | |
40 | if(defined $configfile) { |
41 | %$params = ( |
42 | %{$class->get_config_from_file($configfile)}, |
43 | %$params, |
44 | ); |
45 | } |
ee69c4ba |
46 | } |
47 | |
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48 | $class->new( |
49 | ARGV => $processed{argv_copy}, |
50 | extra_argv => $processed{argv}, |
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51 | @params, # explicit params to ->new |
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52 | %$params, # params from CLI |
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53 | ); |
54 | } |
55 | |
56 | sub _parse_argv { |
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57 | my ( $class, %params ) = @_; |
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58 | |
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59 | local @ARGV = @{ $params{argv} || \@ARGV }; |
60 | |
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61 | my ( $opt_spec, $name_to_init_arg ) = ( HAVE_GLD ? $class->_gld_spec(%params) : $class->_traditional_spec(%params) ); |
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62 | |
63 | # Get a clean copy of the original @ARGV |
64 | my $argv_copy = [ @ARGV ]; |
65 | |
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66 | my @err; |
67 | |
68 | my ( $parsed_options, $usage ) = eval { |
69 | local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { push @err, @_ }; |
75a6449b |
70 | |
71 | if ( HAVE_GLD ) { |
72 | return Getopt::Long::Descriptive::describe_options($class->_usage_format(%params), @$opt_spec); |
73 | } else { |
74 | my %options; |
75 | Getopt::Long::GetOptions(\%options, @$opt_spec); |
3cc60720 |
76 | return ( \%options, undef ); |
75a6449b |
77 | } |
6bb4cb66 |
78 | }; |
79 | |
80 | die join "", grep { defined } @err, $@ if @err or $@; |
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81 | |
82 | # Get a copy of the Getopt::Long-mangled @ARGV |
83 | my $argv_mangled = [ @ARGV ]; |
84 | |
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85 | my %constructor_args = ( |
86 | map { |
87 | $name_to_init_arg->{$_} => $parsed_options->{$_} |
88 | } keys %$parsed_options, |
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89 | ); |
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90 | |
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91 | return ( |
92 | params => \%constructor_args, |
93 | argv_copy => $argv_copy, |
94 | argv => $argv_mangled, |
3cc60720 |
95 | ( defined($usage) ? ( usage => $usage ) : () ), |
913e7020 |
96 | ); |
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97 | } |
98 | |
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99 | sub _usage_format { |
100 | return "usage: %c %o"; |
101 | } |
102 | |
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103 | sub _traditional_spec { |
104 | my ( $class, %params ) = @_; |
105 | |
106 | my ( @options, %name_to_init_arg, %options ); |
107 | |
108 | foreach my $opt ( @{ $params{options} } ) { |
109 | push @options, $opt->{opt_string}; |
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110 | |
111 | my $identifier = $opt->{name}; |
112 | $identifier =~ s/\W/_/g; # Getopt::Long does this to all option names |
113 | |
114 | $name_to_init_arg{$identifier} = $opt->{init_arg}; |
75a6449b |
115 | } |
116 | |
117 | return ( \@options, \%name_to_init_arg ); |
118 | } |
119 | |
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120 | sub _gld_spec { |
121 | my ( $class, %params ) = @_; |
122 | |
123 | my ( @options, %name_to_init_arg ); |
124 | |
125 | foreach my $opt ( @{ $params{options} } ) { |
126 | push @options, [ |
127 | $opt->{opt_string}, |
128 | $opt->{doc} || ' ', # FIXME new GLD shouldn't need this hack |
129 | { |
130 | ( $opt->{required} ? (required => $opt->{required}) : () ), |
131 | ( exists $opt->{default} ? (default => $opt->{default}) : () ), |
132 | }, |
133 | ]; |
134 | |
41d0ab09 |
135 | my $identifier = $opt->{name}; |
136 | $identifier =~ s/\W/_/g; # Getopt::Long does this to all option names |
137 | |
138 | $name_to_init_arg{$identifier} = $opt->{init_arg}; |
0e715336 |
139 | } |
140 | |
141 | return ( \@options, \%name_to_init_arg ); |
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142 | } |
143 | |
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144 | sub _compute_getopt_attrs { |
145 | my $class = shift; |
bff3807b |
146 | grep { |
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147 | $_->does("MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait") |
bff3807b |
148 | or |
149 | $_->name !~ /^_/ |
adbe3e57 |
150 | } grep { |
151 | !$_->does('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait::NoGetopt') |
bff3807b |
152 | } $class->meta->compute_all_applicable_attributes |
153 | } |
154 | |
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155 | sub _get_cmd_flags_for_attr { |
156 | my ( $class, $attr ) = @_; |
157 | |
158 | my $flag = $attr->name; |
159 | |
160 | my @aliases; |
161 | |
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162 | if ($attr->does('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait')) { |
4ad81caf |
163 | $flag = $attr->cmd_flag if $attr->has_cmd_flag; |
164 | @aliases = @{ $attr->cmd_aliases } if $attr->has_cmd_aliases; |
165 | } |
166 | |
167 | return ( $flag, @aliases ); |
168 | } |
169 | |
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170 | sub _attrs_to_options { |
171 | my $class = shift; |
172 | |
173 | my @options; |
174 | |
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175 | foreach my $attr ($class->_compute_getopt_attrs) { |
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176 | my ( $flag, @aliases ) = $class->_get_cmd_flags_for_attr($attr); |
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177 | |
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178 | my $opt_string = join(q{|}, $flag, @aliases); |
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179 | |
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180 | if ($attr->has_type_constraint) { |
181 | my $type_name = $attr->type_constraint->name; |
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182 | if (MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->has_option_type($type_name)) { |
183 | $opt_string .= MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->get_option_type($type_name) |
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184 | } |
185 | } |
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186 | |
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187 | push @options, { |
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188 | name => $flag, |
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189 | init_arg => $attr->init_arg, |
190 | opt_string => $opt_string, |
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191 | required => $attr->is_required && !$attr->has_default && !$attr->has_builder, |
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192 | ( ( $attr->has_default && ( $attr->is_default_a_coderef xor $attr->is_lazy ) ) ? ( default => $attr->default({}) ) : () ), |
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193 | ( $attr->has_documentation ? ( doc => $attr->documentation ) : () ), |
194 | } |
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195 | } |
196 | |
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197 | return @options; |
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198 | } |
199 | |
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200 | no Moose::Role; 1; |
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201 | |
202 | __END__ |
203 | |
204 | =pod |
205 | |
206 | =head1 NAME |
207 | |
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208 | MooseX::Getopt - A Moose role for processing command line options |
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209 | |
210 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
211 | |
212 | ## In your class |
213 | package My::App; |
214 | use Moose; |
215 | |
216 | with 'MooseX::Getopt'; |
217 | |
218 | has 'out' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1); |
219 | has 'in' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1); |
220 | |
221 | # ... rest of the class here |
222 | |
223 | ## in your script |
224 | #!/usr/bin/perl |
225 | |
226 | use My::App; |
227 | |
228 | my $app = My::App->new_with_options(); |
229 | # ... rest of the script here |
230 | |
231 | ## on the command line |
232 | % perl my_app_script.pl -in file.input -out file.dump |
233 | |
234 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
235 | |
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236 | This is a role which provides an alternate constructor for creating |
237 | objects using parameters passed in from the command line. |
238 | |
239 | This module attempts to DWIM as much as possible with the command line |
240 | params by introspecting your class's attributes. It will use the name |
241 | of your attribute as the command line option, and if there is a type |
242 | constraint defined, it will configure Getopt::Long to handle the option |
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243 | accordingly. |
244 | |
245 | You can use the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute> |
246 | to get non-default commandline option names and aliases. |
247 | |
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248 | You can use the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetOpt> |
249 | to have C<MooseX::Getopt> ignore your attribute in the commandline options. |
250 | |
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251 | By default, attributes which start with an underscore are not given |
252 | commandline argument support, unless the attribute's metaclass is set |
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253 | to L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>. If you don't want you accessors |
254 | to have the leading underscore in thier name, you can do this: |
255 | |
256 | # for read/write attributes |
257 | has '_foo' => (accessor => 'foo', ...); |
258 | |
259 | # or for read-only attributes |
260 | has '_bar' => (reader => 'bar', ...); |
261 | |
262 | This will mean that Getopt will not handle a --foo param, but your |
263 | code can still call the C<foo> method. |
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264 | |
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265 | If your class also uses a configfile-loading role based on |
266 | L<MooseX::ConfigFromFile>, such as L<MooseX::SimpleConfig>, |
267 | L<MooseX::Getopt>'s C<new_with_options> will load the configfile |
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268 | specified by the C<--configfile> option (or the default you've |
269 | given for the configfile attribute) for you. |
270 | |
271 | Options specified in multiple places follow the following |
272 | precendence order: commandline overrides configfile, which |
273 | overrides explicit new_with_options parameters. |
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274 | |
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275 | =head2 Supported Type Constraints |
276 | |
277 | =over 4 |
278 | |
279 | =item I<Bool> |
280 | |
281 | A I<Bool> type constraint is set up as a boolean option with |
282 | Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
283 | |
284 | has 'verbose' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Bool'); |
285 | |
286 | would translate into C<verbose!> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
287 | which would enable the following command line options: |
288 | |
289 | % my_script.pl --verbose |
290 | % my_script.pl --noverbose |
291 | |
292 | =item I<Int>, I<Float>, I<Str> |
293 | |
294 | These type constraints are set up as properly typed options with |
295 | Getopt::Long, using the C<=i>, C<=f> and C<=s> modifiers as appropriate. |
296 | |
297 | =item I<ArrayRef> |
298 | |
299 | An I<ArrayRef> type constraint is set up as a multiple value option |
300 | in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
301 | |
302 | has 'include' => ( |
303 | is => 'rw', |
304 | isa => 'ArrayRef', |
305 | default => sub { [] } |
306 | ); |
307 | |
308 | would translate into C<includes=s@> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
309 | which would enable the following command line options: |
310 | |
311 | % my_script.pl --include /usr/lib --include /usr/local/lib |
312 | |
313 | =item I<HashRef> |
314 | |
315 | A I<HashRef> type constraint is set up as a hash value option |
316 | in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
317 | |
318 | has 'define' => ( |
319 | is => 'rw', |
320 | isa => 'HashRef', |
321 | default => sub { {} } |
322 | ); |
323 | |
324 | would translate into C<define=s%> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
325 | which would enable the following command line options: |
326 | |
327 | % my_script.pl --define os=linux --define vendor=debian |
328 | |
329 | =back |
330 | |
331 | =head2 Custom Type Constraints |
332 | |
333 | It is possible to create custom type constraint to option spec |
334 | mappings if you need them. The process is fairly simple (but a |
335 | little verbose maybe). First you create a custom subtype, like |
336 | so: |
337 | |
338 | subtype 'ArrayOfInts' |
339 | => as 'ArrayRef' |
340 | => where { scalar (grep { looks_like_number($_) } @$_) }; |
341 | |
342 | Then you register the mapping, like so: |
343 | |
344 | MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->add_option_type_to_map( |
345 | 'ArrayOfInts' => '=i@' |
346 | ); |
347 | |
348 | Now any attribute declarations using this type constraint will |
349 | get the custom option spec. So that, this: |
350 | |
351 | has 'nums' => ( |
352 | is => 'ro', |
353 | isa => 'ArrayOfInts', |
354 | default => sub { [0] } |
355 | ); |
356 | |
357 | Will translate to the following on the command line: |
358 | |
359 | % my_script.pl --nums 5 --nums 88 --nums 199 |
360 | |
361 | This example is fairly trivial, but more complex validations are |
362 | easily possible with a little creativity. The trick is balancing |
363 | the type constraint validations with the Getopt::Long validations. |
364 | |
365 | Better examples are certainly welcome :) |
366 | |
f63e6310 |
367 | =head2 Inferred Type Constraints |
368 | |
369 | If you define a custom subtype which is a subtype of one of the |
370 | standard L</Supported Type Constraints> above, and do not explicitly |
371 | provide custom support as in L</Custom Type Constraints> above, |
372 | MooseX::Getopt will treat it like the parent type for Getopt |
373 | purposes. |
374 | |
375 | For example, if you had the same custom C<ArrayOfInts> subtype |
376 | from the examples above, but did not add a new custom option |
377 | type for it to the C<OptionTypeMap>, it would be treated just |
378 | like a normal C<ArrayRef> type for Getopt purposes (that is, |
379 | C<=s@>). |
380 | |
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381 | =head1 METHODS |
382 | |
383 | =over 4 |
384 | |
385 | =item B<new_with_options (%params)> |
386 | |
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387 | This method will take a set of default C<%params> and then collect |
388 | params from the command line (possibly overriding those in C<%params>) |
389 | and then return a newly constructed object. |
390 | |
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391 | If L<Getopt::Long/GetOptions> fails (due to invalid arguments), |
392 | C<new_with_options> will throw an exception. |
393 | |
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394 | If you have L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> a the C<usage> param is also passed to |
395 | C<new>. |
396 | |
3899e5df |
397 | =item B<ARGV> |
398 | |
399 | This accessor contains a reference to a copy of the C<@ARGV> array |
f63e6310 |
400 | as it originally existed at the time of C<new_with_options>. |
401 | |
402 | =item B<extra_argv> |
403 | |
404 | This accessor contains an arrayref of leftover C<@ARGV> elements that |
405 | L<Getopt::Long> did not parse. Note that the real C<@ARGV> is left |
406 | un-mangled. |
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407 | |
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408 | =item B<meta> |
409 | |
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410 | This returns the role meta object. |
411 | |
5dac17c3 |
412 | =back |
413 | |
414 | =head1 BUGS |
415 | |
416 | All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no |
417 | exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug |
418 | to cpan-RT. |
419 | |
420 | =head1 AUTHOR |
421 | |
422 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
423 | |
e2911e34 |
424 | Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt> |
425 | |
5dac17c3 |
426 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
427 | |
adbe3e57 |
428 | Copyright 2007-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
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429 | |
430 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
431 | |
432 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
433 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
434 | |
435 | =cut |