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1 | |
2 | package MooseX::Getopt; |
3 | use Moose::Role; |
4 | |
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5 | use Getopt::Long::Descriptive (); |
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6 | |
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7 | use MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap; |
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8 | use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute; |
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9 | use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetopt; |
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10 | |
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11 | our $VERSION = '0.08'; |
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12 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
13 | |
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14 | has ARGV => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef'); |
15 | has extra_argv => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef'); |
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16 | |
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17 | sub new_with_options { |
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18 | my ($class, @params) = @_; |
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19 | |
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20 | my %processed = $class->_parse_argv( |
21 | options => [ |
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22 | $class->_attrs_to_options( @params ) |
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23 | ] |
24 | ); |
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25 | |
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26 | my $params = $processed{params}; |
27 | |
28 | if($class->meta->does_role('MooseX::ConfigFromFile') |
29 | && defined $params->{configfile}) { |
30 | %$params = ( |
31 | %{$class->get_config_from_file($params->{configfile})}, |
32 | %$params, |
33 | ); |
34 | } |
35 | |
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36 | $class->new( |
37 | ARGV => $processed{argv_copy}, |
38 | extra_argv => $processed{argv}, |
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39 | @params, # explicit params to ->new |
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40 | %$params, # params from CLI |
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41 | ); |
42 | } |
43 | |
44 | sub _parse_argv { |
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45 | my ( $class, @args ) = @_; |
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46 | |
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47 | my ( $params, $argv_copy, $argv_mangled ) = $class->_call_getopt(@args); |
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48 | |
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49 | return ( |
50 | argv_copy => $argv_copy, |
51 | argv => $argv_mangled, |
52 | params => $params, |
53 | ); |
54 | } |
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55 | |
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56 | sub _call_getopt { |
57 | my ( $class, %params ) = @_; |
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58 | |
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59 | local @ARGV = @{ $params{argv} || \@ARGV }; |
60 | |
61 | my ( $opt_spec, $name_to_init_arg ) = $class->_gld_spec(%params); |
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62 | |
63 | # Get a clean copy of the original @ARGV |
64 | my $argv_copy = [ @ARGV ]; |
65 | |
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66 | my @err; |
67 | |
68 | my ( $parsed_options, $usage ) = eval { |
69 | local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { push @err, @_ }; |
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70 | Getopt::Long::Descriptive::describe_options("usage: %c %o", @$opt_spec) |
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71 | }; |
72 | |
73 | die join "", grep { defined } @err, $@ if @err or $@; |
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74 | |
75 | # Get a copy of the Getopt::Long-mangled @ARGV |
76 | my $argv_mangled = [ @ARGV ]; |
77 | |
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78 | my %constructor_args = ( |
79 | map { |
80 | $name_to_init_arg->{$_} => $parsed_options->{$_} |
81 | } keys %$parsed_options, |
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82 | ); |
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83 | |
84 | return ( \%constructor_args, $argv_copy, $argv_mangled ); |
85 | } |
86 | |
87 | sub _gld_spec { |
88 | my ( $class, %params ) = @_; |
89 | |
90 | my ( @options, %name_to_init_arg ); |
91 | |
92 | foreach my $opt ( @{ $params{options} } ) { |
93 | push @options, [ |
94 | $opt->{opt_string}, |
95 | $opt->{doc} || ' ', # FIXME new GLD shouldn't need this hack |
96 | { |
97 | ( $opt->{required} ? (required => $opt->{required}) : () ), |
98 | ( exists $opt->{default} ? (default => $opt->{default}) : () ), |
99 | }, |
100 | ]; |
101 | |
102 | $name_to_init_arg{ $opt->{name} } = $opt->{init_arg}; |
103 | } |
104 | |
105 | return ( \@options, \%name_to_init_arg ); |
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106 | } |
107 | |
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108 | sub _compute_getopt_attrs { |
109 | my $class = shift; |
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110 | grep { |
111 | $_->isa("MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute") |
112 | or |
113 | $_->name !~ /^_/ |
114 | && |
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115 | !$_->isa('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetopt') |
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116 | } $class->meta->compute_all_applicable_attributes |
117 | } |
118 | |
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119 | sub _attrs_to_options { |
120 | my $class = shift; |
121 | |
122 | my @options; |
123 | |
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124 | foreach my $attr ($class->_compute_getopt_attrs) { |
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125 | my $name = $attr->name; |
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126 | |
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127 | my $aliases; |
128 | |
129 | if ($attr->isa('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute')) { |
130 | $name = $attr->cmd_flag if $attr->has_cmd_flag; |
131 | $aliases = $attr->cmd_aliases if $attr->has_cmd_aliases; |
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132 | } |
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133 | |
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134 | my $opt_string = $aliases |
135 | ? join(q{|}, $name, @$aliases) |
136 | : $name; |
137 | |
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138 | if ($attr->has_type_constraint) { |
139 | my $type_name = $attr->type_constraint->name; |
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140 | if (MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->has_option_type($type_name)) { |
141 | $opt_string .= MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->get_option_type($type_name) |
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142 | } |
143 | } |
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144 | |
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145 | push @options, { |
146 | name => $name, |
147 | init_arg => $attr->init_arg, |
148 | opt_string => $opt_string, |
149 | required => $attr->is_required, |
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150 | ( ( $attr->has_default && ( $attr->is_default_a_coderef xor $attr->is_lazy ) ) ? ( default => $attr->default({}) ) : () ), |
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151 | ( $attr->has_documentation ? ( doc => $attr->documentation ) : () ), |
152 | } |
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153 | } |
154 | |
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155 | return @options; |
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156 | } |
157 | |
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158 | no Moose::Role; 1; |
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159 | |
160 | __END__ |
161 | |
162 | =pod |
163 | |
164 | =head1 NAME |
165 | |
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166 | MooseX::Getopt - A Moose role for processing command line options |
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167 | |
168 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
169 | |
170 | ## In your class |
171 | package My::App; |
172 | use Moose; |
173 | |
174 | with 'MooseX::Getopt'; |
175 | |
176 | has 'out' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1); |
177 | has 'in' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1); |
178 | |
179 | # ... rest of the class here |
180 | |
181 | ## in your script |
182 | #!/usr/bin/perl |
183 | |
184 | use My::App; |
185 | |
186 | my $app = My::App->new_with_options(); |
187 | # ... rest of the script here |
188 | |
189 | ## on the command line |
190 | % perl my_app_script.pl -in file.input -out file.dump |
191 | |
192 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
193 | |
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194 | This is a role which provides an alternate constructor for creating |
195 | objects using parameters passed in from the command line. |
196 | |
197 | This module attempts to DWIM as much as possible with the command line |
198 | params by introspecting your class's attributes. It will use the name |
199 | of your attribute as the command line option, and if there is a type |
200 | constraint defined, it will configure Getopt::Long to handle the option |
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201 | accordingly. |
202 | |
203 | You can use the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute> |
204 | to get non-default commandline option names and aliases. |
205 | |
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206 | You can use the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetOpt> |
207 | to have C<MooseX::Getopt> ignore your attribute in the commandline options. |
208 | |
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209 | By default, attributes which start with an underscore are not given |
210 | commandline argument support, unless the attribute's metaclass is set |
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211 | to L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>. If you don't want you accessors |
212 | to have the leading underscore in thier name, you can do this: |
213 | |
214 | # for read/write attributes |
215 | has '_foo' => (accessor => 'foo', ...); |
216 | |
217 | # or for read-only attributes |
218 | has '_bar' => (reader => 'bar', ...); |
219 | |
220 | This will mean that Getopt will not handle a --foo param, but your |
221 | code can still call the C<foo> method. |
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222 | |
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223 | If your class also uses a configfile-loading role based on |
224 | L<MooseX::ConfigFromFile>, such as L<MooseX::SimpleConfig>, |
225 | L<MooseX::Getopt>'s C<new_with_options> will load the configfile |
226 | specified by the C<--configfile> option for you. |
227 | |
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228 | =head2 Supported Type Constraints |
229 | |
230 | =over 4 |
231 | |
232 | =item I<Bool> |
233 | |
234 | A I<Bool> type constraint is set up as a boolean option with |
235 | Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
236 | |
237 | has 'verbose' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Bool'); |
238 | |
239 | would translate into C<verbose!> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
240 | which would enable the following command line options: |
241 | |
242 | % my_script.pl --verbose |
243 | % my_script.pl --noverbose |
244 | |
245 | =item I<Int>, I<Float>, I<Str> |
246 | |
247 | These type constraints are set up as properly typed options with |
248 | Getopt::Long, using the C<=i>, C<=f> and C<=s> modifiers as appropriate. |
249 | |
250 | =item I<ArrayRef> |
251 | |
252 | An I<ArrayRef> type constraint is set up as a multiple value option |
253 | in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
254 | |
255 | has 'include' => ( |
256 | is => 'rw', |
257 | isa => 'ArrayRef', |
258 | default => sub { [] } |
259 | ); |
260 | |
261 | would translate into C<includes=s@> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
262 | which would enable the following command line options: |
263 | |
264 | % my_script.pl --include /usr/lib --include /usr/local/lib |
265 | |
266 | =item I<HashRef> |
267 | |
268 | A I<HashRef> type constraint is set up as a hash value option |
269 | in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
270 | |
271 | has 'define' => ( |
272 | is => 'rw', |
273 | isa => 'HashRef', |
274 | default => sub { {} } |
275 | ); |
276 | |
277 | would translate into C<define=s%> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
278 | which would enable the following command line options: |
279 | |
280 | % my_script.pl --define os=linux --define vendor=debian |
281 | |
282 | =back |
283 | |
284 | =head2 Custom Type Constraints |
285 | |
286 | It is possible to create custom type constraint to option spec |
287 | mappings if you need them. The process is fairly simple (but a |
288 | little verbose maybe). First you create a custom subtype, like |
289 | so: |
290 | |
291 | subtype 'ArrayOfInts' |
292 | => as 'ArrayRef' |
293 | => where { scalar (grep { looks_like_number($_) } @$_) }; |
294 | |
295 | Then you register the mapping, like so: |
296 | |
297 | MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->add_option_type_to_map( |
298 | 'ArrayOfInts' => '=i@' |
299 | ); |
300 | |
301 | Now any attribute declarations using this type constraint will |
302 | get the custom option spec. So that, this: |
303 | |
304 | has 'nums' => ( |
305 | is => 'ro', |
306 | isa => 'ArrayOfInts', |
307 | default => sub { [0] } |
308 | ); |
309 | |
310 | Will translate to the following on the command line: |
311 | |
312 | % my_script.pl --nums 5 --nums 88 --nums 199 |
313 | |
314 | This example is fairly trivial, but more complex validations are |
315 | easily possible with a little creativity. The trick is balancing |
316 | the type constraint validations with the Getopt::Long validations. |
317 | |
318 | Better examples are certainly welcome :) |
319 | |
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320 | =head2 Inferred Type Constraints |
321 | |
322 | If you define a custom subtype which is a subtype of one of the |
323 | standard L</Supported Type Constraints> above, and do not explicitly |
324 | provide custom support as in L</Custom Type Constraints> above, |
325 | MooseX::Getopt will treat it like the parent type for Getopt |
326 | purposes. |
327 | |
328 | For example, if you had the same custom C<ArrayOfInts> subtype |
329 | from the examples above, but did not add a new custom option |
330 | type for it to the C<OptionTypeMap>, it would be treated just |
331 | like a normal C<ArrayRef> type for Getopt purposes (that is, |
332 | C<=s@>). |
333 | |
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334 | =head1 METHODS |
335 | |
336 | =over 4 |
337 | |
338 | =item B<new_with_options (%params)> |
339 | |
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340 | This method will take a set of default C<%params> and then collect |
341 | params from the command line (possibly overriding those in C<%params>) |
342 | and then return a newly constructed object. |
343 | |
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344 | If L<Getopt::Long/GetOptions> fails (due to invalid arguments), |
345 | C<new_with_options> will throw an exception. |
346 | |
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347 | =item B<ARGV> |
348 | |
349 | This accessor contains a reference to a copy of the C<@ARGV> array |
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350 | as it originally existed at the time of C<new_with_options>. |
351 | |
352 | =item B<extra_argv> |
353 | |
354 | This accessor contains an arrayref of leftover C<@ARGV> elements that |
355 | L<Getopt::Long> did not parse. Note that the real C<@ARGV> is left |
356 | un-mangled. |
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357 | |
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358 | =item B<meta> |
359 | |
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360 | This returns the role meta object. |
361 | |
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362 | =back |
363 | |
364 | =head1 BUGS |
365 | |
366 | All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no |
367 | exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug |
368 | to cpan-RT. |
369 | |
370 | =head1 AUTHOR |
371 | |
372 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
373 | |
e2911e34 |
374 | Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt> |
375 | |
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376 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
377 | |
378 | Copyright 2007 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
379 | |
380 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
381 | |
382 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
383 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
384 | |
385 | =cut |