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1 | package Moo; |
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2 | |
3 | use strictures 1; |
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4 | use Moo::_Utils; |
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5 | use B 'perlstring'; |
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6 | |
2824b1d3 |
7 | our $VERSION = '0.009010'; # 0.9.10 |
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8 | $VERSION = eval $VERSION; |
9 | |
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10 | our %MAKERS; |
11 | |
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12 | sub import { |
13 | my $target = caller; |
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14 | my $class = shift; |
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15 | strictures->import; |
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16 | return if $MAKERS{$target}; # already exported into this package |
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17 | *{_getglob("${target}::extends")} = sub { |
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18 | _load_module($_) for @_; |
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19 | # Can't do *{...} = \@_ or 5.10.0's mro.pm stops seeing @ISA |
20 | @{*{_getglob("${target}::ISA")}{ARRAY}} = @_; |
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21 | }; |
22 | *{_getglob("${target}::with")} = sub { |
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23 | require Moo::Role; |
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24 | die "Only one role supported at a time by with" if @_ > 1; |
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25 | Moo::Role->apply_role_to_package($target, $_[0]); |
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26 | }; |
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27 | $MAKERS{$target} = {}; |
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28 | *{_getglob("${target}::has")} = sub { |
29 | my ($name, %spec) = @_; |
30 | ($MAKERS{$target}{accessor} ||= do { |
31 | require Method::Generate::Accessor; |
32 | Method::Generate::Accessor->new |
33 | })->generate_method($target, $name, \%spec); |
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34 | $class->_constructor_maker_for($target) |
35 | ->register_attribute_specs($name, \%spec); |
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36 | }; |
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37 | foreach my $type (qw(before after around)) { |
38 | *{_getglob "${target}::${type}"} = sub { |
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39 | require Class::Method::Modifiers; |
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40 | _install_modifier($target, $type, @_); |
41 | }; |
42 | } |
43 | { |
44 | no strict 'refs'; |
45 | @{"${target}::ISA"} = do { |
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46 | require Moo::Object; ('Moo::Object'); |
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47 | } unless @{"${target}::ISA"}; |
48 | } |
49 | } |
50 | |
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51 | sub _constructor_maker_for { |
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52 | my ($class, $target, $select_super) = @_; |
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53 | return unless $MAKERS{$target}; |
54 | $MAKERS{$target}{constructor} ||= do { |
55 | require Method::Generate::Constructor; |
c4570291 |
56 | require Sub::Defer; |
57 | my ($moo_constructor, $con); |
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58 | |
c4570291 |
59 | if ($select_super && $MAKERS{$select_super}) { |
60 | $moo_constructor = 1; |
61 | $con = $MAKERS{$select_super}{constructor}; |
62 | } else { |
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63 | my $t_new = $target->can('new'); |
c4570291 |
64 | if ($t_new) { |
65 | if ($t_new == Moo::Object->can('new')) { |
66 | $moo_constructor = 1; |
67 | } elsif (my $defer_target = (Sub::Defer::defer_info($t_new)||[])->[0]) { |
68 | my ($pkg) = ($defer_target =~ /^(.*)::[^:]+$/); |
69 | if ($MAKERS{$pkg}) { |
70 | $moo_constructor = 1; |
71 | $con = $MAKERS{$pkg}{constructor}; |
72 | } |
73 | } |
74 | } else { |
75 | $moo_constructor = 1; # no other constructor, make a Moo one |
76 | } |
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77 | }; |
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78 | Method::Generate::Constructor |
79 | ->new( |
80 | package => $target, |
81 | accessor_generator => do { |
82 | require Method::Generate::Accessor; |
83 | Method::Generate::Accessor->new; |
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84 | }, |
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85 | construction_string => ( |
86 | $moo_constructor |
87 | ? ($con ? $con->construction_string : undef) |
88 | : ('$class->'.$target.'::SUPER::new(@_)') |
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89 | ), |
90 | subconstructor_generator => ( |
91 | $class.'->_constructor_maker_for($class,'.perlstring($target).')' |
92 | ), |
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93 | ) |
94 | ->install_delayed |
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95 | ->register_attribute_specs(%{$con?$con->all_attribute_specs:{}}) |
a16d301e |
96 | } |
97 | } |
98 | |
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99 | 1; |
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100 | =pod |
101 | |
102 | =encoding utf-8 |
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103 | |
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104 | =head1 NAME |
105 | |
106 | Moo - Minimalist Object Orientation (with Moose compatiblity) |
107 | |
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108 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
109 | |
110 | package Cat::Food; |
111 | |
112 | use Moo; |
113 | use Sub::Quote; |
114 | |
115 | sub feed_lion { |
116 | my $self = shift; |
117 | my $amount = shift || 1; |
118 | |
119 | $self->pounds( $self->pounds - $amount ); |
120 | } |
121 | |
122 | has taste => ( |
123 | is => 'ro', |
124 | ); |
125 | |
126 | has brand => ( |
127 | is => 'ro', |
128 | isa => sub { |
129 | die "Only SWEET-TREATZ supported!" unless $_[0] eq 'SWEET-TREATZ' |
130 | }, |
131 | ); |
132 | |
133 | has pounds => ( |
134 | is => 'rw', |
135 | isa => quote_sub q{ die "$_[0] is too much cat food!" unless $_[0] < 15 }, |
136 | ); |
137 | |
138 | 1; |
139 | |
140 | and else where |
141 | |
142 | my $full = Cat::Food->new( |
143 | taste => 'DELICIOUS.', |
144 | brand => 'SWEET-TREATZ', |
145 | pounds => 10, |
146 | ); |
147 | |
148 | $full->feed_lion; |
149 | |
150 | say $full->pounds; |
151 | |
152 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
153 | |
154 | This module is an extremely light-weight, high-performance L<Moose> replacement. |
155 | It also avoids depending on any XS modules to allow simple deployments. The |
156 | name C<Moo> is based on the idea that it provides almost -but not quite- two |
157 | thirds of L<Moose>. |
158 | |
159 | Unlike C<Mouse> this module does not aim at full L<Moose> compatibility. See |
160 | L</INCOMPATIBILITIES> for more details. |
161 | |
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162 | =head1 WHY MOO EXISTS |
163 | |
164 | If you want a full object system with a rich Metaprotocol, L<Moose> is |
165 | already wonderful. |
166 | |
167 | I've tried several times to use L<Mouse> but it's 3x the size of Moo and |
168 | takes longer to load than most of my Moo based CGI scripts take to run. |
169 | |
170 | If you don't want L<Moose>, you don't want "less metaprotocol" like L<Mouse>, |
171 | you want "as little as possible" - which means "no metaprotocol", which is |
172 | what Moo provides. |
173 | |
174 | By Moo 1.0 I intend to have Moo's equivalent of L<Any::Moose> built in - |
175 | if Moose gets loaded, any Moo class or role will act as a Moose equivalent |
176 | if treated as such. |
177 | |
178 | Hence - Moo exists as its name - Minimal Object Orientation - with a pledge |
179 | to make it smooth to upgrade to L<Moose> when you need more than minimal |
180 | features. |
181 | |
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182 | =head1 IMPORTED METHODS |
183 | |
184 | =head2 new |
185 | |
186 | Foo::Bar->new( attr1 => 3 ); |
187 | |
188 | or |
189 | |
190 | Foo::Bar->new({ attr1 => 3 }); |
191 | |
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192 | =head2 BUILDARGS |
193 | |
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194 | around BUILDARGS => sub { |
195 | my $orig = shift; |
196 | my ( $class, @args ) = @_; |
197 | |
198 | unshift @args, "attr1" if @args % 2 == 1; |
199 | |
200 | return $class->$orig(@args); |
201 | }; |
202 | |
203 | Foo::Bar->new( 3 ); |
204 | |
205 | The default implementation of this method accepts a hash or hash reference of |
206 | named parameters. If it receives a single argument that isn't a hash reference |
207 | it throws an error. |
208 | |
209 | You can override this method in your class to handle other types of options |
210 | passed to the constructor. |
211 | |
212 | This method should always return a hash reference of named options. |
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213 | |
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214 | =head2 BUILDALL |
215 | |
216 | Don't override (or probably even call) this method. Instead, you can define |
217 | a C<BUILD> method on your class and the constructor will automatically call the |
218 | C<BUILD> method from parent down to child after the object has been |
219 | instantiated. Typically this is used for object validation or possibly logging. |
220 | |
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221 | =head2 DESTROY |
222 | |
223 | A default destructor is provided, which calls |
224 | C<< $instance->DEMOLISH($in_global_destruction) >> for each C<DEMOLISH> |
225 | method in the inheritance hierarchy. |
226 | |
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227 | =head2 does |
228 | |
229 | if ($foo->does('Some::Role1')) { |
230 | ... |
231 | } |
232 | |
233 | Returns true if the object composes in the passed role. |
234 | |
235 | =head1 IMPORTED SUBROUTINES |
236 | |
237 | =head2 extends |
238 | |
239 | extends 'Parent::Class'; |
240 | |
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241 | Declares base class. Multiple superclasses can be passed for multiple |
242 | inheritance (but please use roles instead). |
243 | |
244 | Calling extends more than once will REPLACE your superclasses, not add to |
245 | them like 'use base' would. |
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246 | |
247 | =head2 with |
248 | |
249 | with 'Some::Role1'; |
250 | with 'Some::Role2'; |
251 | |
252 | Composes a L<Role::Tiny> into current class. Only one role may be composed in |
253 | at a time to allow the code to remain as simple as possible. |
254 | |
255 | =head2 has |
256 | |
257 | has attr => ( |
258 | is => 'ro', |
259 | ); |
260 | |
261 | Declares an attribute for the class. |
262 | |
263 | The options for C<has> are as follows: |
264 | |
265 | =over 2 |
266 | |
267 | =item * is |
268 | |
269 | B<required>, must be C<ro> or C<rw>. Unsurprisingly, C<ro> generates an |
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270 | accessor that will not respond to arguments; to be clear: a getter only. C<rw> |
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271 | will create a perlish getter/setter. |
272 | |
273 | =item * isa |
274 | |
275 | Takes a coderef which is meant to validate the attribute. Unlike L<Moose> Moo |
276 | does not include a basic type system, so instead of doing C<< isa => 'Num' >>, |
277 | one should do |
278 | |
279 | isa => quote_sub q{ |
280 | die "$_[0] is not a number!" unless looks_like_number $_[0] |
281 | }, |
282 | |
283 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
284 | |
285 | =item * coerce |
286 | |
287 | Takes a coderef which is meant to coerce the attribute. The basic idea is to |
288 | do something like the following: |
289 | |
290 | coerce => quote_sub q{ |
291 | $_[0] + 1 unless $_[0] % 2 |
292 | }, |
293 | |
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294 | Coerce does not require C<isa> to be defined. |
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295 | |
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296 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
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297 | |
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298 | =item * trigger |
299 | |
300 | Takes a coderef which will get called any time the attribute is set. Coderef |
301 | will be invoked against the object with the new value as an argument. |
302 | |
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303 | Note that Moose also passes the old value, if any; this feature is not yet |
304 | supported. |
305 | |
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306 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
307 | |
308 | =item * default |
309 | |
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310 | Takes a coderef which will get called with $self as its only argument |
311 | to populate an attribute if no value is supplied to the constructor - or |
312 | if the attribute is lazy, when the attribute is first retrieved if no |
313 | value has yet been provided. |
314 | |
315 | Note that if your default is fired during new() there is no guarantee that |
316 | other attributes have been populated yet so you should not rely on their |
317 | existence. |
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318 | |
319 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
320 | |
321 | =item * predicate |
322 | |
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323 | Takes a method name which will return true if an attribute has a value. |
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324 | |
325 | A common example of this would be to call it C<has_$foo>, implying that the |
326 | object has a C<$foo> set. |
327 | |
328 | =item * builder |
329 | |
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330 | Takes a method name which will be called to create the attribute - functions |
331 | exactly like default except that instead of calling |
332 | |
333 | $default->($self); |
334 | |
335 | Moo will call |
336 | |
337 | $self->$builder; |
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338 | |
339 | =item * clearer |
340 | |
341 | Takes a method name which will clear the attribute. |
342 | |
343 | =item * lazy |
344 | |
345 | B<Boolean>. Set this if you want values for the attribute to be grabbed |
346 | lazily. This is usually a good idea if you have a L</builder> which requires |
347 | another attribute to be set. |
348 | |
349 | =item * required |
350 | |
351 | B<Boolean>. Set this if the attribute must be passed on instantiation. |
352 | |
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353 | =item * reader |
354 | |
355 | The value of this attribute will be the name of the method to get the value of |
356 | the attribute. If you like Java style methods, you might set this to |
357 | C<get_foo> |
358 | |
359 | =item * writer |
360 | |
361 | The value of this attribute will be the name of the method to set the value of |
362 | the attribute. If you like Java style methods, you might set this to |
363 | C<set_foo> |
364 | |
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365 | =item * weak_ref |
366 | |
367 | B<Boolean>. Set this if you want the reference that the attribute contains to |
368 | be weakened; use this when circular references are possible, which will cause |
369 | leaks. |
370 | |
371 | =item * init_arg |
372 | |
373 | Takes the name of the key to look for at instantiation time of the object. A |
374 | common use of this is to make an underscored attribute have a non-underscored |
375 | initialization name. C<undef> means that passing the value in on instantiation |
376 | |
377 | =back |
378 | |
379 | =head2 before |
380 | |
381 | before foo => sub { ... }; |
382 | |
383 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/before method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
384 | documentation. |
385 | |
386 | =head2 around |
387 | |
388 | around foo => sub { ... }; |
389 | |
390 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/around method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
391 | documentation. |
392 | |
393 | =head2 after |
394 | |
395 | after foo => sub { ... }; |
396 | |
397 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/after method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
398 | documentation. |
399 | |
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400 | =head1 SUB QUOTE AWARE |
401 | |
402 | L<Sub::Quote/quote_sub> allows us to create coderefs that are "inlineable," |
403 | giving us a handy, XS-free speed boost. Any option that is L<Sub::Quote> |
404 | aware can take advantage of this. |
405 | |
2e575bcd |
406 | =head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH MOOSE |
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407 | |
408 | You can only compose one role at a time. If your application is large or |
409 | complex enough to warrant complex composition, you wanted L<Moose>. |
410 | |
411 | There is no complex type system. C<isa> is verified with a coderef, if you |
412 | need complex types, just make a library of coderefs, or better yet, functions |
413 | that return quoted subs. |
414 | |
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415 | C<initializer> is not supported in core since the author considers it to be a |
416 | bad idea but may be supported by an extension in future. |
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417 | |
418 | There is no meta object. If you need this level of complexity you wanted |
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419 | L<Moose> - Moo succeeds at being small because it explicitly does not |
420 | provide a metaprotocol. |
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421 | |
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422 | No support for C<super>, C<override>, C<inner>, or C<augment> - override can |
423 | be handled by around albeit with a little more typing, and the author considers |
424 | augment to be a bad idea. |
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425 | |
426 | L</default> only supports coderefs, because doing otherwise is usually a |
427 | mistake anyway. |
428 | |
429 | C<lazy_build> is not supported per se, but of course it will work if you |
430 | manually set all the options it implies. |
431 | |
2e575bcd |
432 | C<auto_deref> is not supported since the author considers it a bad idea. |
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433 | |
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434 | C<documentation> is not supported since it's a very poor replacement for POD. |
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435 | |
436 | =head1 AUTHOR |
437 | |
438 | mst - Matt S. Trout (cpan:MSTROUT) <mst@shadowcat.co.uk> |
439 | |
440 | =head1 CONTRIBUTORS |
441 | |
5da684a2 |
442 | dg - David Leadbeater (cpan:DGL) <dgl@dgl.cx> |
443 | |
444 | frew - Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt (cpan:FREW) <frioux@gmail.com> |
445 | |
446 | hobbs - Andrew Rodland (cpan:ARODLAND) <arodland@cpan.org> |
447 | |
448 | jnap - John Napiorkowski (cpan:JJNAPIORK) <jjn1056@yahoo.com> |
449 | |
450 | ribasushi - Peter Rabbitson (cpan:RIBASUSHI) <ribasushi@cpan.org> |
40f3e3aa |
451 | |
11f7a042 |
452 | chip - Chip Salzenberg (cpan:CHIPS) <chip@pobox.com> |
453 | |
a17be455 |
454 | ajgb - Alex J. G. Burzyński (cpan:AJGB) <ajgb@cpan.org> |
455 | |
40f3e3aa |
456 | =head1 COPYRIGHT |
457 | |
a958e36d |
458 | Copyright (c) 2010-2011 the Moo L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS> |
40f3e3aa |
459 | as listed above. |
460 | |
461 | =head1 LICENSE |
462 | |
463 | This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms |
464 | as perl itself. |
465 | |
466 | =cut |