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1 | package Moo; |
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2 | |
3 | use strictures 1; |
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4 | use Moo::_Utils; |
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5 | |
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6 | our $VERSION = '0.009004'; # 0.9.4 |
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7 | $VERSION = eval $VERSION; |
8 | |
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9 | our %MAKERS; |
10 | |
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11 | sub import { |
12 | my $target = caller; |
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13 | my $class = shift; |
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14 | strictures->import; |
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15 | return if $MAKERS{$target}; # already exported into this package |
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16 | *{_getglob("${target}::extends")} = sub { |
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17 | _load_module($_) for @_; |
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18 | # Can't do *{...} = \@_ or 5.10.0's mro.pm stops seeing @ISA |
19 | @{*{_getglob("${target}::ISA")}{ARRAY}} = @_; |
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20 | }; |
21 | *{_getglob("${target}::with")} = sub { |
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22 | require Moo::Role; |
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23 | die "Only one role supported at a time by with" if @_ > 1; |
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24 | Moo::Role->apply_role_to_package($target, $_[0]); |
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25 | }; |
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26 | $MAKERS{$target} = {}; |
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27 | *{_getglob("${target}::has")} = sub { |
28 | my ($name, %spec) = @_; |
29 | ($MAKERS{$target}{accessor} ||= do { |
30 | require Method::Generate::Accessor; |
31 | Method::Generate::Accessor->new |
32 | })->generate_method($target, $name, \%spec); |
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33 | $class->_constructor_maker_for($target) |
34 | ->register_attribute_specs($name, \%spec); |
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35 | }; |
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36 | foreach my $type (qw(before after around)) { |
37 | *{_getglob "${target}::${type}"} = sub { |
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38 | require Class::Method::Modifiers; |
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39 | _install_modifier($target, $type, @_); |
40 | }; |
41 | } |
42 | { |
43 | no strict 'refs'; |
44 | @{"${target}::ISA"} = do { |
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45 | require Moo::Object; ('Moo::Object'); |
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46 | } unless @{"${target}::ISA"}; |
47 | } |
48 | } |
49 | |
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50 | sub _constructor_maker_for { |
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51 | my ($class, $target, $select_super) = @_; |
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52 | return unless $MAKERS{$target}; |
53 | $MAKERS{$target}{constructor} ||= do { |
54 | require Method::Generate::Constructor; |
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55 | require Sub::Defer; |
56 | my ($moo_constructor, $con); |
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57 | |
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58 | if ($select_super && $MAKERS{$select_super}) { |
59 | $moo_constructor = 1; |
60 | $con = $MAKERS{$select_super}{constructor}; |
61 | } else { |
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62 | my $t_new = $target->can('new'); |
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63 | if ($t_new) { |
64 | if ($t_new == Moo::Object->can('new')) { |
65 | $moo_constructor = 1; |
66 | } elsif (my $defer_target = (Sub::Defer::defer_info($t_new)||[])->[0]) { |
67 | my ($pkg) = ($defer_target =~ /^(.*)::[^:]+$/); |
68 | if ($MAKERS{$pkg}) { |
69 | $moo_constructor = 1; |
70 | $con = $MAKERS{$pkg}{constructor}; |
71 | } |
72 | } |
73 | } else { |
74 | $moo_constructor = 1; # no other constructor, make a Moo one |
75 | } |
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76 | }; |
77 | require Moo::_mro unless $moo_constructor; |
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78 | Method::Generate::Constructor |
79 | ->new( |
80 | package => $target, |
81 | accessor_generator => do { |
82 | require Method::Generate::Accessor; |
83 | Method::Generate::Accessor->new; |
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84 | }, |
85 | ($moo_constructor ? () |
86 | : (construction_string => '$class->next::method(@_)')) |
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87 | ) |
88 | ->install_delayed |
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89 | ->register_attribute_specs(%{$con?$con->all_attribute_specs:{}}) |
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90 | } |
91 | } |
92 | |
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93 | 1; |
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94 | |
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95 | =head1 NAME |
96 | |
97 | Moo - Minimalist Object Orientation (with Moose compatiblity) |
98 | |
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99 | =head1 WARNING WARNING WARNING |
100 | |
101 | This is a 0.9 release because we're fairly sure it works. For us. Until it's |
102 | tested in the wild, we make no guarantees it also works for you. |
103 | |
104 | If this module does something unexpected, please submit a failing test. |
105 | |
106 | But if it eats your cat, sleeps with your boyfriend, or pushes grandma down |
107 | the stairs to save her from the terrible secret of space, it's not our fault. |
108 | |
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109 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
110 | |
111 | package Cat::Food; |
112 | |
113 | use Moo; |
114 | use Sub::Quote; |
115 | |
116 | sub feed_lion { |
117 | my $self = shift; |
118 | my $amount = shift || 1; |
119 | |
120 | $self->pounds( $self->pounds - $amount ); |
121 | } |
122 | |
123 | has taste => ( |
124 | is => 'ro', |
125 | ); |
126 | |
127 | has brand => ( |
128 | is => 'ro', |
129 | isa => sub { |
130 | die "Only SWEET-TREATZ supported!" unless $_[0] eq 'SWEET-TREATZ' |
131 | }, |
132 | ); |
133 | |
134 | has pounds => ( |
135 | is => 'rw', |
136 | isa => quote_sub q{ die "$_[0] is too much cat food!" unless $_[0] < 15 }, |
137 | ); |
138 | |
139 | 1; |
140 | |
141 | and else where |
142 | |
143 | my $full = Cat::Food->new( |
144 | taste => 'DELICIOUS.', |
145 | brand => 'SWEET-TREATZ', |
146 | pounds => 10, |
147 | ); |
148 | |
149 | $full->feed_lion; |
150 | |
151 | say $full->pounds; |
152 | |
153 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
154 | |
155 | This module is an extremely light-weight, high-performance L<Moose> replacement. |
156 | It also avoids depending on any XS modules to allow simple deployments. The |
157 | name C<Moo> is based on the idea that it provides almost -but not quite- two |
158 | thirds of L<Moose>. |
159 | |
160 | Unlike C<Mouse> this module does not aim at full L<Moose> compatibility. See |
161 | L</INCOMPATIBILITIES> for more details. |
162 | |
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163 | =head1 WHY MOO EXISTS |
164 | |
165 | If you want a full object system with a rich Metaprotocol, L<Moose> is |
166 | already wonderful. |
167 | |
168 | I've tried several times to use L<Mouse> but it's 3x the size of Moo and |
169 | takes longer to load than most of my Moo based CGI scripts take to run. |
170 | |
171 | If you don't want L<Moose>, you don't want "less metaprotocol" like L<Mouse>, |
172 | you want "as little as possible" - which means "no metaprotocol", which is |
173 | what Moo provides. |
174 | |
175 | By Moo 1.0 I intend to have Moo's equivalent of L<Any::Moose> built in - |
176 | if Moose gets loaded, any Moo class or role will act as a Moose equivalent |
177 | if treated as such. |
178 | |
179 | Hence - Moo exists as its name - Minimal Object Orientation - with a pledge |
180 | to make it smooth to upgrade to L<Moose> when you need more than minimal |
181 | features. |
182 | |
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183 | =head1 IMPORTED METHODS |
184 | |
185 | =head2 new |
186 | |
187 | Foo::Bar->new( attr1 => 3 ); |
188 | |
189 | or |
190 | |
191 | Foo::Bar->new({ attr1 => 3 }); |
192 | |
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193 | =head2 BUILDARGS |
194 | |
195 | This feature from Moose is not yet supported. |
196 | |
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197 | =head2 BUILDALL |
198 | |
199 | Don't override (or probably even call) this method. Instead, you can define |
200 | a C<BUILD> method on your class and the constructor will automatically call the |
201 | C<BUILD> method from parent down to child after the object has been |
202 | instantiated. Typically this is used for object validation or possibly logging. |
203 | |
204 | =head2 does |
205 | |
206 | if ($foo->does('Some::Role1')) { |
207 | ... |
208 | } |
209 | |
210 | Returns true if the object composes in the passed role. |
211 | |
212 | =head1 IMPORTED SUBROUTINES |
213 | |
214 | =head2 extends |
215 | |
216 | extends 'Parent::Class'; |
217 | |
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218 | Declares base class. Multiple superclasses can be passed for multiple |
219 | inheritance (but please use roles instead). |
220 | |
221 | Calling extends more than once will REPLACE your superclasses, not add to |
222 | them like 'use base' would. |
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223 | |
224 | =head2 with |
225 | |
226 | with 'Some::Role1'; |
227 | with 'Some::Role2'; |
228 | |
229 | Composes a L<Role::Tiny> into current class. Only one role may be composed in |
230 | at a time to allow the code to remain as simple as possible. |
231 | |
232 | =head2 has |
233 | |
234 | has attr => ( |
235 | is => 'ro', |
236 | ); |
237 | |
238 | Declares an attribute for the class. |
239 | |
240 | The options for C<has> are as follows: |
241 | |
242 | =over 2 |
243 | |
244 | =item * is |
245 | |
246 | B<required>, must be C<ro> or C<rw>. Unsurprisingly, C<ro> generates an |
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247 | accessor that will not respond to arguments; to be clear: a getter only. C<rw> |
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248 | will create a perlish getter/setter. |
249 | |
250 | =item * isa |
251 | |
252 | Takes a coderef which is meant to validate the attribute. Unlike L<Moose> Moo |
253 | does not include a basic type system, so instead of doing C<< isa => 'Num' >>, |
254 | one should do |
255 | |
256 | isa => quote_sub q{ |
257 | die "$_[0] is not a number!" unless looks_like_number $_[0] |
258 | }, |
259 | |
260 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
261 | |
262 | =item * coerce |
263 | |
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264 | This Moose feature is not yet supported |
265 | |
266 | =begin hide |
267 | |
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268 | Takes a coderef which is meant to coerce the attribute. The basic idea is to |
269 | do something like the following: |
270 | |
271 | coerce => quote_sub q{ |
272 | $_[0] + 1 unless $_[0] % 2 |
273 | }, |
274 | |
275 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
276 | |
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277 | =end hide |
278 | |
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279 | =item * trigger |
280 | |
281 | Takes a coderef which will get called any time the attribute is set. Coderef |
282 | will be invoked against the object with the new value as an argument. |
283 | |
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284 | Note that Moose also passes the old value, if any; this feature is not yet |
285 | supported. |
286 | |
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287 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
288 | |
289 | =item * default |
290 | |
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291 | Takes a coderef which will get called with $self as its only argument |
292 | to populate an attribute if no value is supplied to the constructor - or |
293 | if the attribute is lazy, when the attribute is first retrieved if no |
294 | value has yet been provided. |
295 | |
296 | Note that if your default is fired during new() there is no guarantee that |
297 | other attributes have been populated yet so you should not rely on their |
298 | existence. |
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299 | |
300 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
301 | |
302 | =item * predicate |
303 | |
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304 | Takes a method name which will return true if an attribute has a value. |
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305 | |
306 | A common example of this would be to call it C<has_$foo>, implying that the |
307 | object has a C<$foo> set. |
308 | |
309 | =item * builder |
310 | |
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311 | Takes a method name which will be called to create the attribute - functions |
312 | exactly like default except that instead of calling |
313 | |
314 | $default->($self); |
315 | |
316 | Moo will call |
317 | |
318 | $self->$builder; |
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319 | |
320 | =item * clearer |
321 | |
322 | Takes a method name which will clear the attribute. |
323 | |
324 | =item * lazy |
325 | |
326 | B<Boolean>. Set this if you want values for the attribute to be grabbed |
327 | lazily. This is usually a good idea if you have a L</builder> which requires |
328 | another attribute to be set. |
329 | |
330 | =item * required |
331 | |
332 | B<Boolean>. Set this if the attribute must be passed on instantiation. |
333 | |
334 | =item * weak_ref |
335 | |
336 | B<Boolean>. Set this if you want the reference that the attribute contains to |
337 | be weakened; use this when circular references are possible, which will cause |
338 | leaks. |
339 | |
340 | =item * init_arg |
341 | |
342 | Takes the name of the key to look for at instantiation time of the object. A |
343 | common use of this is to make an underscored attribute have a non-underscored |
344 | initialization name. C<undef> means that passing the value in on instantiation |
345 | |
346 | =back |
347 | |
348 | =head2 before |
349 | |
350 | before foo => sub { ... }; |
351 | |
352 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/before method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
353 | documentation. |
354 | |
355 | =head2 around |
356 | |
357 | around foo => sub { ... }; |
358 | |
359 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/around method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
360 | documentation. |
361 | |
362 | =head2 after |
363 | |
364 | after foo => sub { ... }; |
365 | |
366 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/after method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
367 | documentation. |
368 | |
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369 | =head1 SUB QUOTE AWARE |
370 | |
371 | L<Sub::Quote/quote_sub> allows us to create coderefs that are "inlineable," |
372 | giving us a handy, XS-free speed boost. Any option that is L<Sub::Quote> |
373 | aware can take advantage of this. |
374 | |
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375 | =head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH MOOSE |
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376 | |
377 | You can only compose one role at a time. If your application is large or |
378 | complex enough to warrant complex composition, you wanted L<Moose>. |
379 | |
380 | There is no complex type system. C<isa> is verified with a coderef, if you |
381 | need complex types, just make a library of coderefs, or better yet, functions |
382 | that return quoted subs. |
383 | |
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384 | C<initializer> is not supported in core since the author considers it to be a |
385 | bad idea but may be supported by an extension in future. |
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386 | |
387 | There is no meta object. If you need this level of complexity you wanted |
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388 | L<Moose> - Moo succeeds at being small because it explicitly does not |
389 | provide a metaprotocol. |
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390 | |
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391 | No support for C<super>, C<override>, C<inner>, or C<augment> - override can |
392 | be handled by around albeit with a little more typing, and the author considers |
393 | augment to be a bad idea. |
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394 | |
395 | L</default> only supports coderefs, because doing otherwise is usually a |
396 | mistake anyway. |
397 | |
398 | C<lazy_build> is not supported per se, but of course it will work if you |
399 | manually set all the options it implies. |
400 | |
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401 | C<auto_deref> is not supported since the author considers it a bad idea. |
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402 | |
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403 | C<documentation> is not supported since it's a very poor replacement for POD. |