-
package MooseX::Getopt;
-use Moose::Role;
-
-use Getopt::Long;
-
-use MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypes;
-use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute;
-
-sub new_with_options {
- my ($class, %params) = @_;
-
- my (%options, %constructor_options);
- foreach my $attr ($class->meta->compute_all_applicable_attributes) {
- my $name = $attr->name;
-
- if ($attr->isa('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute') && $attr->has_cmd_flag) {
- $name = $attr->cmd_flag;
- }
-
- my $init_arg = $attr->init_arg;
-
- # create a suitable default value
- $constructor_options{$init_arg} = '';
-
- if ($attr->has_type_constraint) {
- my $type_name = $attr->type_constraint->name;
- if (MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypes->has_option_type($type_name)) {
- $name .= MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypes->get_option_type($type_name);
- }
- }
-
- $options{$name} = \($constructor_options{$init_arg});
- }
-
- GetOptions(%options);
-
- # filter out options which
- # were not passed at all
- %constructor_options = map {
- $constructor_options{$_} ne ''
- ? ($_ => $constructor_options{$_})
- : ()
- } keys %constructor_options;
-
- $class->new(%params, %constructor_options);
-}
-
-1;
+# ABSTRACT: A Moose role for processing command line options
-__END__
+use Moose::Role 0.56;
-=pod
+with 'MooseX::Getopt::GLD';
-=head1 NAME
+no Moose::Role;
-MooseX::Getopt -
+1;
=head1 SYNOPSIS
- ## In your class
+ ## In your class
package My::App;
use Moose;
-
+
with 'MooseX::Getopt';
-
+
has 'out' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
has 'in' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
-
+
# ... rest of the class here
-
+
## in your script
#!/usr/bin/perl
-
+
use My::App;
-
+
my $app = My::App->new_with_options();
# ... rest of the script here
-
+
## on the command line
% perl my_app_script.pl -in file.input -out file.dump
=head1 DESCRIPTION
-=head1 METHODS
+This is a role which provides an alternate constructor for creating
+objects using parameters passed in from the command line.
+
+This module attempts to DWIM as much as possible with the command line
+params by introspecting your class's attributes. It will use the name
+of your attribute as the command line option, and if there is a type
+constraint defined, it will configure Getopt::Long to handle the option
+accordingly.
+
+You can use the trait L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait> or the
+attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute> to get non-default
+commandline option names and aliases.
+
+You can use the trait L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait::NoGetopt>
+or the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetopt>
+to have C<MooseX::Getopt> ignore your attribute in the commandline options.
+
+By default, attributes which start with an underscore are not given
+commandline argument support, unless the attribute's metaclass is set
+to L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>. If you don't want your accessors
+to have the leading underscore in their name, you can do this:
+
+ # for read/write attributes
+ has '_foo' => (accessor => 'foo', ...);
+
+ # or for read-only attributes
+ has '_bar' => (reader => 'bar', ...);
+
+This will mean that Getopt will not handle a --foo param, but your
+code can still call the C<foo> method.
+
+If your class also uses a configfile-loading role based on
+L<MooseX::ConfigFromFile>, such as L<MooseX::SimpleConfig>,
+L<MooseX::Getopt>'s C<new_with_options> will load the configfile
+specified by the C<--configfile> option (or the default you've
+given for the configfile attribute) for you.
+
+Options specified in multiple places follow the following
+precedence order: commandline overrides configfile, which
+overrides explicit new_with_options parameters.
+
+=head2 Supported Type Constraints
=over 4
-=item B<new_with_options (%params)>
+=item I<Bool>
+
+A I<Bool> type constraint is set up as a boolean option with
+Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
+
+ has 'verbose' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Bool');
+
+would translate into C<verbose!> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
+which would enable the following command line options:
+
+ % my_script.pl --verbose
+ % my_script.pl --noverbose
+
+=item I<Int>, I<Float>, I<Str>
+
+These type constraints are set up as properly typed options with
+Getopt::Long, using the C<=i>, C<=f> and C<=s> modifiers as appropriate.
+
+=item I<ArrayRef>
+
+An I<ArrayRef> type constraint is set up as a multiple value option
+in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
+
+ has 'include' => (
+ is => 'rw',
+ isa => 'ArrayRef',
+ default => sub { [] }
+ );
+
+would translate into C<includes=s@> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
+which would enable the following command line options:
+
+ % my_script.pl --include /usr/lib --include /usr/local/lib
+
+=item I<HashRef>
+
+A I<HashRef> type constraint is set up as a hash value option
+in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
+
+ has 'define' => (
+ is => 'rw',
+ isa => 'HashRef',
+ default => sub { {} }
+ );
-=item B<meta>
+would translate into C<define=s%> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
+which would enable the following command line options:
+
+ % my_script.pl --define os=linux --define vendor=debian
=back
-=head1 BUGS
+=head2 Custom Type Constraints
+
+It is possible to create custom type constraint to option spec
+mappings if you need them. The process is fairly simple (but a
+little verbose maybe). First you create a custom subtype, like
+so:
+
+ subtype 'ArrayOfInts'
+ => as 'ArrayRef'
+ => where { scalar (grep { looks_like_number($_) } @$_) };
+
+Then you register the mapping, like so:
+
+ MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->add_option_type_to_map(
+ 'ArrayOfInts' => '=i@'
+ );
+
+Now any attribute declarations using this type constraint will
+get the custom option spec. So that, this:
+
+ has 'nums' => (
+ is => 'ro',
+ isa => 'ArrayOfInts',
+ default => sub { [0] }
+ );
+
+Will translate to the following on the command line:
+
+ % my_script.pl --nums 5 --nums 88 --nums 199
+
+This example is fairly trivial, but more complex validations are
+easily possible with a little creativity. The trick is balancing
+the type constraint validations with the Getopt::Long validations.
+
+Better examples are certainly welcome :)
+
+=head2 Inferred Type Constraints
+
+If you define a custom subtype which is a subtype of one of the
+standard L</Supported Type Constraints> above, and do not explicitly
+provide custom support as in L</Custom Type Constraints> above,
+MooseX::Getopt will treat it like the parent type for Getopt
+purposes.
+
+For example, if you had the same custom C<ArrayOfInts> subtype
+from the examples above, but did not add a new custom option
+type for it to the C<OptionTypeMap>, it would be treated just
+like a normal C<ArrayRef> type for Getopt purposes (that is,
+C<=s@>).
+
+=method B<new_with_options (%params)>
+
+This method will take a set of default C<%params> and then collect
+params from the command line (possibly overriding those in C<%params>)
+and then return a newly constructed object.
+
+The special parameter C<argv>, if specified should point to an array
+reference with an array to use instead of C<@ARGV>.
-All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no
-exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug
-to cpan-RT.
+If L<Getopt::Long/GetOptions> fails (due to invalid arguments),
+C<new_with_options> will throw an exception.
-=head1 AUTHOR
+If L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> is installed and any of the following
+command line params are passed, the program will exit with usage
+information (and the option's state will be stored in the help_flag
+attribute). You can add descriptions for each option by including a
+B<documentation> option for each attribute to document.
-Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>
+ -?
+ --?
+ -h
+ --help
+ --usage
-=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
+If you have L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> the C<usage> param is also passed to
+C<new> as the usage option.
-Copyright 2007 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
+=method B<ARGV>
-L<http://www.iinteractive.com>
+This accessor contains a reference to a copy of the C<@ARGV> array
+as it originally existed at the time of C<new_with_options>.
-This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-it under the same terms as Perl itself.
+=method B<extra_argv>
+
+This accessor contains an arrayref of leftover C<@ARGV> elements that
+L<Getopt::Long> did not parse. Note that the real C<@ARGV> is left
+un-mangled.
+
+B<Important>: By default, L<Getopt::Long> will reject unrecognized I<options>
+(that is, options that do not correspond with attributes using the Getopt
+trait). To disable this, and allow options to also be saved in C<extra_argv> (for example to pass along to another class's C<new_with_options>), you can either enable the
+C<pass_through> option of L<Getopt::Long> for your class: C<< use Getopt::Long
+qw(:config pass_through); >> or specify a value for for L<MooseX::Getopt::GLD>'s C<getopt_conf> parameter.
+
+=method B<usage>
+
+This accessor contains the L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive::Usage> object (if
+L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> is used).
+
+=method B<help_flag>
+
+This accessor contains the boolean state of the --help, --usage and --?
+options (true if any of these options were passed on the command line).
+
+=method B<print_usage_text>
+
+This method is called internally when the C<help_flag> state is true.
+It prints the text from the C<usage> object (see above) to stdout and then the
+program terminates normally. You can apply a method modification (see
+L<Moose::Manual::MethodModifiers>) if different behaviour is desired, for
+example to include additional text.
+
+=method B<meta>
+
+This returns the role meta object.
+
+=method B<process_argv (%params)>
+
+This does most of the work of C<new_with_options>, analyzing the parameters
+and argv, except for actually calling the constructor. It returns a
+L<MooseX::Getopt::ProcessedArgv> object. C<new_with_options> uses this
+method internally, so modifying this method via subclasses/roles will affect
+C<new_with_options>.
+
+=head2 More Customization Options
+
+See L<Getopt::Long/Configuring Getopt::Long> for many other customizations you
+can make to how options are parsed. Simply C<use Getopt::Long qw(:config
+other_options...)> in your class to set these.
=cut
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<MooseX::Getopt::Usage>, an extension to generate man pages, with colour
+
projects / gitmo/MooseX-Getopt.git / blobdiff