2 package MooseX::Getopt;
5 use MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap;
6 use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute;
7 use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetopt;
11 use Getopt::Long (); # GLD uses it anyway, doesn't hurt
12 use constant HAVE_GLD => not not eval { require Getopt::Long::Descriptive };
14 our $VERSION = '0.20';
15 our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN';
17 my @roles = ('MooseX::Getopt::Basic');
18 if (HAVE_GLD) { push @roles, 'MooseX::Getopt::GLD' }
22 has ARGV => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef', metaclass => "NoGetopt");
23 has extra_argv => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef', metaclass => "NoGetopt");
25 sub new_with_options {
26 my ($class, @params) = @_;
29 if($class->meta->does_role('MooseX::ConfigFromFile')) {
33 my $opt_parser = Getopt::Long::Parser->new( config => [ qw( pass_through ) ] );
34 $opt_parser->getoptions( "configfile=s" => \$configfile );
36 if(!defined $configfile) {
37 my $cfmeta = $class->meta->find_attribute_by_name('configfile');
38 $configfile = $cfmeta->default if $cfmeta->has_default;
41 if(defined $configfile) {
42 $config_from_file = $class->get_config_from_file($configfile);
46 my $constructor_params = ( @params == 1 ? $params[0] : {@params} );
48 Carp::croak("Single parameters to new_with_options() must be a HASH ref")
49 unless ref($constructor_params) eq 'HASH';
51 my %processed = $class->_parse_argv(
53 $class->_attrs_to_options( $config_from_file )
55 params => $constructor_params,
58 my $params = $config_from_file ? { %$config_from_file, %{$processed{params}} } : $processed{params};
60 # did the user request usage information?
61 if ( $processed{usage} && ($params->{'?'} or $params->{help} or $params->{usage}) )
63 $processed{usage}->die();
67 ARGV => $processed{argv_copy},
68 extra_argv => $processed{argv},
69 %$constructor_params, # explicit params to ->new
70 %$params, # params from CLI
75 my ( $class, %params ) = @_;
77 local @ARGV = @{ $params{params}{argv} || \@ARGV };
79 my ( $opt_spec, $name_to_init_arg ) = $class->_getopt_spec(%params);
81 # Get a clean copy of the original @ARGV
82 my $argv_copy = [ @ARGV ];
86 my ( $parsed_options, $usage ) = eval {
87 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { push @err, @_ };
89 return $class->_get_options(\%params, $opt_spec);
92 die join "", grep { defined } @err, $@ if @err or $@;
94 # Get a copy of the Getopt::Long-mangled @ARGV
95 my $argv_mangled = [ @ARGV ];
97 my %constructor_args = (
99 $name_to_init_arg->{$_} => $parsed_options->{$_}
100 } keys %$parsed_options,
104 params => \%constructor_args,
105 argv_copy => $argv_copy,
106 argv => $argv_mangled,
107 ( defined($usage) ? ( usage => $usage ) : () ),
112 return "usage: %c %o";
115 sub _traditional_spec {
116 my ( $class, %params ) = @_;
118 my ( @options, %name_to_init_arg, %options );
120 foreach my $opt ( @{ $params{options} } ) {
121 push @options, $opt->{opt_string};
123 my $identifier = $opt->{name};
124 $identifier =~ s/\W/_/g; # Getopt::Long does this to all option names
126 $name_to_init_arg{$identifier} = $opt->{init_arg};
129 return ( \@options, \%name_to_init_arg );
133 my ( $class, %params ) = @_;
135 my ( @options, %name_to_init_arg );
137 my $constructor_params = $params{params};
139 foreach my $opt ( @{ $params{options} } ) {
142 $opt->{doc} || ' ', # FIXME new GLD shouldn't need this hack
144 ( ( $opt->{required} && !exists($constructor_params->{$opt->{init_arg}}) ) ? (required => $opt->{required}) : () ),
146 # remove this 'feature' because it didn't work
147 # all the time, and so is better to not bother
148 # since Moose will handle the defaults just
151 #( exists $opt->{default} ? (default => $opt->{default}) : () ),
155 my $identifier = $opt->{name};
156 $identifier =~ s/\W/_/g; # Getopt::Long does this to all option names
158 $name_to_init_arg{$identifier} = $opt->{init_arg};
161 return ( \@options, \%name_to_init_arg );
164 sub _compute_getopt_attrs {
167 $_->does("MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait")
171 !$_->does('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait::NoGetopt')
172 } $class->meta->get_all_attributes
175 sub _get_cmd_flags_for_attr {
176 my ( $class, $attr ) = @_;
178 my $flag = $attr->name;
182 if ($attr->does('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait')) {
183 $flag = $attr->cmd_flag if $attr->has_cmd_flag;
184 @aliases = @{ $attr->cmd_aliases } if $attr->has_cmd_aliases;
187 return ( $flag, @aliases );
190 sub _attrs_to_options {
192 my $config_from_file = shift || {};
196 foreach my $attr ($class->_compute_getopt_attrs) {
197 my ( $flag, @aliases ) = $class->_get_cmd_flags_for_attr($attr);
199 my $opt_string = join(q{|}, $flag, @aliases);
201 if ($attr->name eq 'configfile') {
204 elsif ($attr->has_type_constraint) {
205 my $type = $attr->type_constraint;
206 if (MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->has_option_type($type)) {
207 $opt_string .= MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->get_option_type($type)
213 init_arg => $attr->init_arg,
214 opt_string => $opt_string,
215 required => $attr->is_required && !$attr->has_default && !$attr->has_builder && !exists $config_from_file->{$attr->name},
217 # this "feature" was breaking because
218 # Getopt::Long::Descriptive would return
219 # the default value as if it was a command
220 # line flag, which would then override the
221 # one passed into a constructor.
222 # See 100_gld_default_bug.t for an example
224 #( ( $attr->has_default && ( $attr->is_default_a_coderef xor $attr->is_lazy ) ) ? ( default => $attr->default({}) ) : () ),
225 ( $attr->has_documentation ? ( doc => $attr->documentation ) : () ),
240 MooseX::Getopt - A Moose role for processing command line options
248 with 'MooseX::Getopt';
250 has 'out' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
251 has 'in' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
253 # ... rest of the class here
260 my $app = My::App->new_with_options();
261 # ... rest of the script here
263 ## on the command line
264 % perl my_app_script.pl -in file.input -out file.dump
268 This is a role which provides an alternate constructor for creating
269 objects using parameters passed in from the command line.
271 This module attempts to DWIM as much as possible with the command line
272 params by introspecting your class's attributes. It will use the name
273 of your attribute as the command line option, and if there is a type
274 constraint defined, it will configure Getopt::Long to handle the option
277 You can use the trait L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait> or the
278 attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute> to get non-default
279 commandline option names and aliases.
281 You can use the trait L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::Trait::NoGetopt>
282 or the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute::NoGetopt>
283 to have C<MooseX::Getopt> ignore your attribute in the commandline options.
285 By default, attributes which start with an underscore are not given
286 commandline argument support, unless the attribute's metaclass is set
287 to L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>. If you don't want you accessors
288 to have the leading underscore in thier name, you can do this:
290 # for read/write attributes
291 has '_foo' => (accessor => 'foo', ...);
293 # or for read-only attributes
294 has '_bar' => (reader => 'bar', ...);
296 This will mean that Getopt will not handle a --foo param, but your
297 code can still call the C<foo> method.
299 If your class also uses a configfile-loading role based on
300 L<MooseX::ConfigFromFile>, such as L<MooseX::SimpleConfig>,
301 L<MooseX::Getopt>'s C<new_with_options> will load the configfile
302 specified by the C<--configfile> option (or the default you've
303 given for the configfile attribute) for you.
305 Options specified in multiple places follow the following
306 precendence order: commandline overrides configfile, which
307 overrides explicit new_with_options parameters.
309 =head2 Supported Type Constraints
315 A I<Bool> type constraint is set up as a boolean option with
316 Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
318 has 'verbose' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Bool');
320 would translate into C<verbose!> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
321 which would enable the following command line options:
323 % my_script.pl --verbose
324 % my_script.pl --noverbose
326 =item I<Int>, I<Float>, I<Str>
328 These type constraints are set up as properly typed options with
329 Getopt::Long, using the C<=i>, C<=f> and C<=s> modifiers as appropriate.
333 An I<ArrayRef> type constraint is set up as a multiple value option
334 in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
339 default => sub { [] }
342 would translate into C<includes=s@> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
343 which would enable the following command line options:
345 % my_script.pl --include /usr/lib --include /usr/local/lib
349 A I<HashRef> type constraint is set up as a hash value option
350 in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
355 default => sub { {} }
358 would translate into C<define=s%> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
359 which would enable the following command line options:
361 % my_script.pl --define os=linux --define vendor=debian
365 =head2 Custom Type Constraints
367 It is possible to create custom type constraint to option spec
368 mappings if you need them. The process is fairly simple (but a
369 little verbose maybe). First you create a custom subtype, like
372 subtype 'ArrayOfInts'
374 => where { scalar (grep { looks_like_number($_) } @$_) };
376 Then you register the mapping, like so:
378 MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->add_option_type_to_map(
379 'ArrayOfInts' => '=i@'
382 Now any attribute declarations using this type constraint will
383 get the custom option spec. So that, this:
387 isa => 'ArrayOfInts',
388 default => sub { [0] }
391 Will translate to the following on the command line:
393 % my_script.pl --nums 5 --nums 88 --nums 199
395 This example is fairly trivial, but more complex validations are
396 easily possible with a little creativity. The trick is balancing
397 the type constraint validations with the Getopt::Long validations.
399 Better examples are certainly welcome :)
401 =head2 Inferred Type Constraints
403 If you define a custom subtype which is a subtype of one of the
404 standard L</Supported Type Constraints> above, and do not explicitly
405 provide custom support as in L</Custom Type Constraints> above,
406 MooseX::Getopt will treat it like the parent type for Getopt
409 For example, if you had the same custom C<ArrayOfInts> subtype
410 from the examples above, but did not add a new custom option
411 type for it to the C<OptionTypeMap>, it would be treated just
412 like a normal C<ArrayRef> type for Getopt purposes (that is,
419 =item B<new_with_options (%params)>
421 This method will take a set of default C<%params> and then collect
422 params from the command line (possibly overriding those in C<%params>)
423 and then return a newly constructed object.
425 The special parameter C<argv>, if specified should point to an array
426 reference with an array to use instead of C<@ARGV>.
428 The paramater C<disable_gld>, if specified and a true value will disable
429 the use of L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> .
431 If L<Getopt::Long/GetOptions> fails (due to invalid arguments),
432 C<new_with_options> will throw an exception.
434 If L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> is installed and any of the following
435 command line params are passed, the program will exit with usage
436 information. You can add descriptions for each option by including a
437 B<documentation> option for each attribute to document.
443 If you have L<Getopt::Long::Descriptive> a the C<usage> param is also passed to
448 This accessor contains a reference to a copy of the C<@ARGV> array
449 as it originally existed at the time of C<new_with_options>.
453 This accessor contains an arrayref of leftover C<@ARGV> elements that
454 L<Getopt::Long> did not parse. Note that the real C<@ARGV> is left
459 This returns the role meta object.
463 A constant for internal use.
469 All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no
470 exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug
475 Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>
477 Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt>
479 Yuval Kogman, E<lt>nothingmuch@woobling.orgE<gt>
483 Ryan D Johnson, E<lt>ryan@innerfence.comE<gt>
485 Drew Taylor, E<lt>drew@drewtaylor.comE<gt>
487 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
489 Copyright 2007-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
491 L<http://www.iinteractive.com>
493 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
494 it under the same terms as Perl itself.