package DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI;
# -*- mode: cperl; cperl-indent-level: 2 -*-
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
use base 'DBIx::Class::Storage';
+use mro 'c3';
-use strict;
-use warnings;
use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
use DBI;
use DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Cursor;
use Scalar::Util();
use List::Util();
+# what version of sqlt do we require if deploy() without a ddl_dir is invoked
+# when changing also adjust the corresponding author_require in Makefile.PL
+my $minimum_sqlt_version = '0.11002';
+
+
__PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' =>
- qw/_connect_info _dbi_connect_info _dbh _sql_maker _sql_maker_opts
- _conn_pid _conn_tid transaction_depth _dbh_autocommit savepoints/
+ qw/_connect_info _dbi_connect_info _dbh _sql_maker _sql_maker_opts _conn_pid
+ _conn_tid transaction_depth _dbh_autocommit _driver_determined savepoints/
);
# the values for these accessors are picked out (and deleted) from
my $schema = MySchema->connect('dbi:SQLite:my.db');
$schema->storage->debug(1);
- $schema->dbh_do("DROP TABLE authors");
+
+ my @stuff = $schema->storage->dbh_do(
+ sub {
+ my ($storage, $dbh, @args) = @_;
+ $dbh->do("DROP TABLE authors");
+ },
+ @column_list
+ );
$schema->resultset('Book')->search({
written_on => $schema->storage->datetime_parser(DateTime->now)
=item *
-A single code reference which returns a connected
-L<DBI database handle|DBI/connect> optionally followed by
+A single code reference which returns a connected
+L<DBI database handle|DBI/connect> optionally followed by
L<extra attributes|/DBIx::Class specific connection attributes> recognized
by DBIx::Class:
%extra_attributes,
}];
-This is particularly useful for L<Catalyst> based applications, allowing the
+ $connect_info_args = [{
+ dbh_maker => sub { DBI->connect (...) },
+ %dbi_attributes,
+ %extra_attributes,
+ }];
+
+This is particularly useful for L<Catalyst> based applications, allowing the
following config (L<Config::General> style):
<Model::DB>
</connect_info>
</Model::DB>
+The C<dsn>/C<user>/C<password> combination can be substituted by the
+C<dbh_maker> key whose value is a coderef that returns a connected
+L<DBI database handle|DBI/connect>
+
=back
Please note that the L<DBI> docs recommend that you always explicitly
set C<AutoCommit> to either I<0> or I<1>. L<DBIx::Class> further
recommends that it be set to I<1>, and that you perform transactions
via our L<DBIx::Class::Schema/txn_do> method. L<DBIx::Class> will set it
-to I<1> if you do not do explicitly set it to zero. This is the default
+to I<1> if you do not do explicitly set it to zero. This is the default
for most DBDs. See L</DBIx::Class and AutoCommit> for details.
=head3 DBIx::Class specific connection attributes
If set to a true value, this option will disable the caching of
statement handles via L<DBI/prepare_cached>.
-=item limit_dialect
+=item limit_dialect
Sets the limit dialect. This is useful for JDBC-bridge among others
where the remote SQL-dialect cannot be determined by the name of the
=item quote_char
-Specifies what characters to use to quote table and column names. If
+Specifies what characters to use to quote table and column names. If
you use this you will want to specify L</name_sep> as well.
C<quote_char> expects either a single character, in which case is it
=item name_sep
-This only needs to be used in conjunction with C<quote_char>, and is used to
-specify the charecter that seperates elements (schemas, tables, columns) from
+This only needs to be used in conjunction with C<quote_char>, and is used to
+specify the charecter that seperates elements (schemas, tables, columns) from
each other. In most cases this is simply a C<.>.
The consequences of not supplying this value is that L<SQL::Abstract>
# Connect via subref
->connect_info([ sub { DBI->connect(...) } ]);
+ # Connect via subref in hashref
+ ->connect_info([{
+ dbh_maker => sub { DBI->connect(...) },
+ on_connect_do => 'alter session ...',
+ }]);
+
# A bit more complicated
->connect_info(
[
elsif (ref $args[0] eq 'HASH') { # single hashref (i.e. Catalyst config)
%attrs = %{$args[0]};
@args = ();
- for (qw/password user dsn/) {
- unshift @args, delete $attrs{$_};
+ if (my $code = delete $attrs{dbh_maker}) {
+ @args = $code;
+
+ my @ignored = grep { delete $attrs{$_} } (qw/dsn user password/);
+ if (@ignored) {
+ carp sprintf (
+ 'Attribute(s) %s in connect_info were ignored, as they can not be applied '
+ . "to the result of 'dbh_maker'",
+
+ join (', ', map { "'$_'" } (@ignored) ),
+ );
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ @args = delete @attrs{qw/dsn user password/};
}
}
else { # otherwise assume dsn/user/password + \%attrs + \%extra_attrs
}
}
- %attrs = () if (ref $args[0] eq 'CODE'); # _connect() never looks past $args[0] in this case
+ if (ref $args[0] eq 'CODE') {
+ # _connect() never looks past $args[0] in this case
+ %attrs = ()
+ } else {
+ %attrs = (
+ %{ $self->_default_dbi_connect_attributes || {} },
+ %attrs,
+ );
+ }
$self->_dbi_connect_info([@args, keys %attrs ? \%attrs : ()]);
$self->_connect_info;
}
+sub _default_dbi_connect_attributes {
+ return {
+ AutoCommit => 1,
+ RaiseError => 1,
+ PrintError => 0,
+ };
+}
+
=head2 on_connect_do
This method is deprecated in favour of setting via L</connect_info>.
my $self = shift;
my $code = shift;
- my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
+ my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
return $self->$code($dbh, @_) if $self->{_in_dbh_do}
|| $self->{transaction_depth};
my $want_array = wantarray;
eval {
- $self->_verify_pid if $dbh;
- if(!$self->_dbh) {
- $self->_populate_dbh;
- $dbh = $self->_dbh;
- }
if($want_array) {
@result = $self->$code($dbh, @_);
}
};
+ # ->connected might unset $@ - copy
my $exception = $@;
if(!$exception) { return $want_array ? @result : $result[0] }
# We were not connected - reconnect and retry, but let any
# exception fall right through this time
+ carp "Retrying $code after catching disconnected exception: $exception"
+ if $ENV{DBIC_DBIRETRY_DEBUG};
$self->_populate_dbh;
$self->$code($self->_dbh, @_);
}
my $tried = 0;
while(1) {
eval {
- $self->_verify_pid if $self->_dbh;
- $self->_populate_dbh if !$self->_dbh;
+ $self->_get_dbh;
$self->txn_begin;
if($want_array) {
$self->txn_commit;
};
+ # ->connected might unset $@ - copy
my $exception = $@;
if(!$exception) { return $want_array ? @result : $result[0] }
- if($tried++ > 0 || $self->connected) {
+ if($tried++ || $self->connected) {
eval { $self->txn_rollback };
my $rollback_exception = $@;
if($rollback_exception) {
# We were not connected, and was first try - reconnect and retry
# via the while loop
+ carp "Retrying $coderef after catching disconnected exception: $exception"
+ if $ENV{DBIC_DBIRETRY_DEBUG};
$self->_populate_dbh;
}
}
sub disconnect {
my ($self) = @_;
- if( $self->connected ) {
+ if( $self->_dbh ) {
my @actions;
push @actions, ( $self->on_disconnect_call || () );
$self->_do_connection_actions(disconnect_call_ => $_) for @actions;
- $self->_dbh->rollback unless $self->_dbh_autocommit;
+ $self->_dbh_rollback unless $self->_dbh_autocommit;
+
$self->_dbh->disconnect;
$self->_dbh(undef);
$self->{_dbh_gen}++;
$sub->();
}
+=head2 connected
+
+=over
+
+=item Arguments: none
+
+=item Return Value: 1|0
+
+=back
+
+Verifies that the the current database handle is active and ready to execute
+an SQL statement (i.e. the connection did not get stale, server is still
+answering, etc.) This method is used internally by L</dbh>.
+
+=cut
+
sub connected {
- my ($self) = @_;
+ my $self = shift;
+ return 0 unless $self->_seems_connected;
- if(my $dbh = $self->_dbh) {
- if(defined $self->_conn_tid && $self->_conn_tid != threads->tid) {
- $self->_dbh(undef);
- $self->{_dbh_gen}++;
- return;
- }
- else {
- $self->_verify_pid;
- return 0 if !$self->_dbh;
- }
- return ($dbh->FETCH('Active') && $dbh->ping);
+ #be on the safe side
+ local $self->_dbh->{RaiseError} = 1;
+
+ return $self->_ping;
+}
+
+sub _seems_connected {
+ my $self = shift;
+
+ my $dbh = $self->_dbh
+ or return 0;
+
+ if(defined $self->_conn_tid && $self->_conn_tid != threads->tid) {
+ $self->_dbh(undef);
+ $self->{_dbh_gen}++;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ else {
+ $self->_verify_pid;
+ return 0 if !$self->_dbh;
}
- return 0;
+ return $dbh->FETCH('Active');
+}
+
+sub _ping {
+ my $self = shift;
+
+ my $dbh = $self->_dbh or return 0;
+
+ return $dbh->ping;
}
# handle pid changes correctly
=head2 dbh
-Returns the dbh - a data base handle of class L<DBI>.
+Returns a C<$dbh> - a data base handle of class L<DBI>. The returned handle
+is guaranteed to be healthy by implicitly calling L</connected>, and if
+necessary performing a reconnection before returning. Keep in mind that this
+is very B<expensive> on some database engines. Consider using L<dbh_do>
+instead.
=cut
sub dbh {
my ($self) = @_;
- $self->ensure_connected;
+ if (not $self->_dbh) {
+ $self->_populate_dbh;
+ } else {
+ $self->ensure_connected;
+ }
+ return $self->_dbh;
+}
+
+# this is the internal "get dbh or connect (don't check)" method
+sub _get_dbh {
+ my $self = shift;
+ $self->_verify_pid if $self->_dbh;
+ $self->_populate_dbh unless $self->_dbh;
return $self->_dbh;
}
sub _sql_maker_args {
my ($self) = @_;
- return ( bindtype=>'columns', array_datatypes => 1, limit_dialect => $self->dbh, %{$self->_sql_maker_opts} );
+ return (
+ bindtype=>'columns',
+ array_datatypes => 1,
+ limit_dialect => $self->_get_dbh,
+ %{$self->_sql_maker_opts}
+ );
}
sub sql_maker {
return $self->_sql_maker;
}
+# nothing to do by default
sub _rebless {}
+sub _init {}
sub _populate_dbh {
my ($self) = @_;
+
my @info = @{$self->_dbi_connect_info || []};
+ $self->_dbh(undef); # in case ->connected failed we might get sent here
$self->_dbh($self->_connect(@info));
$self->_conn_pid($$);
# there is no transaction in progress by definition
$self->{transaction_depth} = $self->_dbh_autocommit ? 0 : 1;
+ $self->_run_connection_actions unless $self->{_in_determine_driver};
+}
+
+sub _run_connection_actions {
+ my $self = shift;
my @actions;
push @actions, ( $self->on_connect_call || () );
sub _determine_driver {
my ($self) = @_;
- if (ref $self eq 'DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI') {
- my $driver;
+ if ((not $self->_driver_determined) && (not $self->{_in_determine_driver})) {
+ my $started_unconnected = 0;
+ local $self->{_in_determine_driver} = 1;
+
+ if (ref($self) eq __PACKAGE__) {
+ my $driver;
+ if ($self->_dbh) { # we are connected
+ $driver = $self->_dbh->{Driver}{Name};
+ } else {
+ # if connect_info is a CODEREF, we have no choice but to connect
+ if (ref $self->_dbi_connect_info->[0] &&
+ Scalar::Util::reftype($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE') {
+ $self->_populate_dbh;
+ $driver = $self->_dbh->{Driver}{Name};
+ }
+ else {
+ # try to use dsn to not require being connected, the driver may still
+ # force a connection in _rebless to determine version
+ ($driver) = $self->_dbi_connect_info->[0] =~ /dbi:([^:]+):/i;
+ $started_unconnected = 1;
+ }
+ }
- if ($self->_dbh) { # we are connected
- $driver = $self->_dbh->{Driver}{Name};
- } else {
- # try to use dsn to not require being connected, the driver may still
- # force a connection in _rebless to determine version
- ($driver) = $self->_dbi_connect_info->[0] =~ /dbi:([^:]+):/i;
+ my $storage_class = "DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::${driver}";
+ if ($self->load_optional_class($storage_class)) {
+ mro::set_mro($storage_class, 'c3');
+ bless $self, $storage_class;
+ $self->_rebless();
+ }
}
- if ($self->load_optional_class("DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::${driver}")) {
- bless $self, "DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::${driver}";
- $self->_rebless();
- }
+ $self->_driver_determined(1);
+
+ $self->_init; # run driver-specific initializations
+
+ $self->_run_connection_actions
+ if $started_unconnected && defined $self->_dbh;
}
}
my @bind = map { [ undef, $_ ] } @do_args;
$self->_query_start($sql, @bind);
- $self->_dbh->do($sql, $attrs, @do_args);
+ $self->_get_dbh->do($sql, $attrs, @do_args);
$self->_query_end($sql, @bind);
}
$weak_self->throw_exception("DBI Exception: $_[0]");
}
else {
+ # the handler may be invoked by something totally out of
+ # the scope of DBIC
croak ("DBI Exception: $_[0]");
}
};
$self->throw_exception ("Your Storage implementation doesn't support savepoints")
unless $self->can('_svp_begin');
-
+
push @{ $self->{savepoints} }, $name;
$self->debugobj->svp_begin($name) if $self->debug;
-
+
return $self->_svp_begin($name);
}
}
$self->debugobj->svp_rollback($name) if $self->debug;
-
+
return $self->_svp_rollback($name);
}
sub txn_begin {
my $self = shift;
- $self->ensure_connected();
if($self->{transaction_depth} == 0) {
$self->debugobj->txn_begin()
if $self->debug;
- # this isn't ->_dbh-> because
- # we should reconnect on begin_work
- # for AutoCommit users
- $self->dbh->begin_work;
- } elsif ($self->auto_savepoint) {
+ $self->_dbh_begin_work;
+ }
+ elsif ($self->auto_savepoint) {
$self->svp_begin;
}
$self->{transaction_depth}++;
}
+sub _dbh_begin_work {
+ my $self = shift;
+
+ # if the user is utilizing txn_do - good for him, otherwise we need to
+ # ensure that the $dbh is healthy on BEGIN.
+ # We do this via ->dbh_do instead of ->dbh, so that the ->dbh "ping"
+ # will be replaced by a failure of begin_work itself (which will be
+ # then retried on reconnect)
+ if ($self->{_in_dbh_do}) {
+ $self->_dbh->begin_work;
+ } else {
+ $self->dbh_do(sub { $_[1]->begin_work });
+ }
+}
+
sub txn_commit {
my $self = shift;
if ($self->{transaction_depth} == 1) {
my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
$self->debugobj->txn_commit()
if ($self->debug);
- $dbh->commit;
+ $self->_dbh_commit;
$self->{transaction_depth} = 0
if $self->_dbh_autocommit;
}
}
}
+sub _dbh_commit {
+ my $self = shift;
+ $self->_dbh->commit;
+}
+
sub txn_rollback {
my $self = shift;
my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
if ($self->debug);
$self->{transaction_depth} = 0
if $self->_dbh_autocommit;
- $dbh->rollback;
+ $self->_dbh_rollback;
}
elsif($self->{transaction_depth} > 1) {
$self->{transaction_depth}--;
}
}
+sub _dbh_rollback {
+ my $self = shift;
+ $self->_dbh->rollback;
+}
+
# This used to be the top-half of _execute. It was split out to make it
# easier to override in NoBindVars without duping the rest. It takes up
# all of _execute's args, and emits $sql, @bind.
my $sth = $self->sth($sql,$op);
- my $placeholder_index = 1;
+ my $placeholder_index = 1;
foreach my $bound (@$bind) {
my $attributes = {};
sub _execute {
my $self = shift;
- $self->dbh_do('_dbh_execute', @_)
+ $self->dbh_do('_dbh_execute', @_); # retry over disconnects
}
sub insert {
my ($self, $source, $to_insert) = @_;
+# redispatch to insert method of storage we reblessed into, if necessary
+ if (not $self->_driver_determined) {
+ $self->_determine_driver;
+ goto $self->can('insert');
+ }
+
my $ident = $source->from;
my $bind_attributes = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
my $updated_cols = {};
- $self->ensure_connected;
foreach my $col ( $source->columns ) {
if ( !defined $to_insert->{$col} ) {
my $col_info = $source->column_info($col);
if ( $col_info->{auto_nextval} ) {
- $updated_cols->{$col} = $to_insert->{$col} = $self->_sequence_fetch( 'nextval', $col_info->{sequence} || $self->_dbh_get_autoinc_seq($self->dbh, $source) );
+ $updated_cols->{$col} = $to_insert->{$col} = $self->_sequence_fetch(
+ 'nextval',
+ $col_info->{sequence} ||
+ $self->_dbh_get_autoinc_seq($self->_get_dbh, $source)
+ );
}
}
}
}
## Still not quite perfect, and EXPERIMENTAL
-## Currently it is assumed that all values passed will be "normal", i.e. not
+## Currently it is assumed that all values passed will be "normal", i.e. not
## scalar refs, or at least, all the same type as the first set, the statement is
## only prepped once.
sub insert_bulk {
my ($self, $source, $cols, $data) = @_;
+
+# redispatch to insert_bulk method of storage we reblessed into, if necessary
+ if (not $self->_driver_determined) {
+ $self->_determine_driver;
+ goto $self->can('insert_bulk');
+ }
+
my %colvalues;
my $table = $source->from;
@colvalues{@$cols} = (0..$#$cols);
my ($sql, @bind) = $self->sql_maker->insert($table, \%colvalues);
-
+
$self->_query_start( $sql, @bind );
my $sth = $self->sth($sql);
my $bind_attributes = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
## Bind the values and execute
- my $placeholder_index = 1;
+ my $placeholder_index = 1;
foreach my $bound (@bind) {
local $Data::Dumper::Indent = 1;
local $Data::Dumper::Useqq = 1;
local $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys = 0;
+ local $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys = 1;
$self->throw_exception(sprintf "%s for populate slice:\n%s",
$tuple_status->[$i][1],
}
sub update {
- my $self = shift @_;
- my $source = shift @_;
+ my ($self, $source, @args) = @_;
+
+# redispatch to update method of storage we reblessed into, if necessary
+ if (not $self->_driver_determined) {
+ $self->_determine_driver;
+ goto $self->can('update');
+ }
+
my $bind_attributes = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
-
- return $self->_execute('update' => [], $source, $bind_attributes, @_);
+
+ return $self->_execute('update' => [], $source, $bind_attributes, @args);
}
sub delete {
my $self = shift @_;
my $source = shift @_;
-
+ $self->_determine_driver;
my $bind_attrs = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
-
+
return $self->_execute('delete' => [], $source, $bind_attrs, @_);
}
my $self = shift;
# localization is neccessary as
- # 1) there is no infrastructure to pass this around (easy to do, but will wait)
+ # 1) there is no infrastructure to pass this around before SQLA2
# 2) _select_args sets it and _prep_for_execute consumes it
my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
- local $sql_maker->{for};
+ local $sql_maker->{_dbic_rs_attrs};
return $self->_execute($self->_select_args(@_));
}
my $self = shift;
# localization is neccessary as
- # 1) there is no infrastructure to pass this around (easy to do, but will wait)
+ # 1) there is no infrastructure to pass this around before SQLA2
# 2) _select_args sets it and _prep_for_execute consumes it
my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
- local $sql_maker->{for};
+ local $sql_maker->{_dbic_rs_attrs};
# my ($op, $bind, $ident, $bind_attrs, $select, $cond, $order, $rows, $offset)
# = $self->_select_args($ident, $select, $cond, $attrs);
sub _select_args {
my ($self, $ident, $select, $where, $attrs) = @_;
+ my ($alias2source, $rs_alias) = $self->_resolve_ident_sources ($ident);
+
my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
- my $alias2source = $self->_resolve_ident_sources ($ident);
+ $sql_maker->{_dbic_rs_attrs} = {
+ %$attrs,
+ select => $select,
+ from => $ident,
+ where => $where,
+ $rs_alias
+ ? ( _source_handle => $alias2source->{$rs_alias}->handle )
+ : ()
+ ,
+ };
# calculate bind_attrs before possible $ident mangling
my $bind_attrs = {};
my $fqcn = join ('.', $alias, $col);
$bind_attrs->{$fqcn} = $bindtypes->{$col} if $bindtypes->{$col};
- # so that unqualified searches can be bound too
- $bind_attrs->{$col} = $bind_attrs->{$fqcn} if $alias eq 'me';
+ # Unqialified column names are nice, but at the same time can be
+ # rather ambiguous. What we do here is basically go along with
+ # the loop, adding an unqualified column slot to $bind_attrs,
+ # alongside the fully qualified name. As soon as we encounter
+ # another column by that name (which would imply another table)
+ # we unset the unqualified slot and never add any info to it
+ # to avoid erroneous type binding. If this happens the users
+ # only choice will be to fully qualify his column name
+
+ if (exists $bind_attrs->{$col}) {
+ $bind_attrs->{$col} = {};
+ }
+ else {
+ $bind_attrs->{$col} = $bind_attrs->{$fqcn};
+ }
}
}
- my @limit;
- if ($attrs->{software_limit} ||
- $sql_maker->_default_limit_syntax eq "GenericSubQ") {
- $attrs->{software_limit} = 1;
- } else {
+ # adjust limits
+ if (
+ $attrs->{software_limit}
+ ||
+ $sql_maker->_default_limit_syntax eq "GenericSubQ"
+ ) {
+ $attrs->{software_limit} = 1;
+ }
+ else {
$self->throw_exception("rows attribute must be positive if present")
if (defined($attrs->{rows}) && !($attrs->{rows} > 0));
# MySQL actually recommends this approach. I cringe.
$attrs->{rows} = 2**48 if not defined $attrs->{rows} and defined $attrs->{offset};
+ }
- if ($attrs->{rows} && keys %{$attrs->{collapse}}) {
- ($ident, $select, $where, $attrs)
- = $self->_adjust_select_args_for_limited_prefetch ($ident, $select, $where, $attrs);
- }
- else {
- push @limit, $attrs->{rows}, $attrs->{offset};
- }
+ my @limit;
+
+ # see if we need to tear the prefetch apart (either limited has_many or grouped prefetch)
+ # otherwise delegate the limiting to the storage, unless software limit was requested
+ if (
+ ( $attrs->{rows} && keys %{$attrs->{collapse}} )
+ ||
+ ( $attrs->{group_by} && @{$attrs->{group_by}} &&
+ $attrs->{_prefetch_select} && @{$attrs->{_prefetch_select}} )
+ ) {
+ ($ident, $select, $where, $attrs)
+ = $self->_adjust_select_args_for_complex_prefetch ($ident, $select, $where, $attrs);
+ }
+ elsif (! $attrs->{software_limit} ) {
+ push @limit, $attrs->{rows}, $attrs->{offset};
}
###
my $order = { map
{ $attrs->{$_} ? ( $_ => $attrs->{$_} ) : () }
- (qw/order_by group_by having _virtual_order_by/ )
+ (qw/order_by group_by having/ )
};
-
- $sql_maker->{for} = delete $attrs->{for};
-
return ('select', $attrs->{bind}, $ident, $bind_attrs, $select, $where, $order, @limit);
}
-sub _adjust_select_args_for_limited_prefetch {
+#
+# This is the code producing joined subqueries like:
+# SELECT me.*, other.* FROM ( SELECT me.* FROM ... ) JOIN other ON ...
+#
+sub _adjust_select_args_for_complex_prefetch {
my ($self, $from, $select, $where, $attrs) = @_;
- if ($attrs->{group_by} and @{$attrs->{group_by}}) {
- $self->throw_exception ('Prefetch with limit (rows/offset) is not supported on resultsets with a group_by attribute');
- }
+ $self->throw_exception ('Nothing to prefetch... how did we get here?!')
+ if not @{$attrs->{_prefetch_select}};
- $self->throw_exception ('Prefetch with limit (rows/offset) is not supported on resultsets with a custom from attribute')
- if (ref $from ne 'ARRAY');
+ $self->throw_exception ('Complex prefetches are not supported on resultsets with a custom from attribute')
+ if (ref $from ne 'ARRAY' || ref $from->[0] ne 'HASH' || ref $from->[1] ne 'ARRAY');
- # separate attributes
- my $sub_attrs = { %$attrs };
- delete $attrs->{$_} for qw/where bind rows offset/;
- delete $sub_attrs->{$_} for qw/for collapse select order_by/;
+ # generate inner/outer attribute lists, remove stuff that doesn't apply
+ my $outer_attrs = { %$attrs };
+ delete $outer_attrs->{$_} for qw/where bind rows offset group_by having/;
- my $alias = $attrs->{alias};
+ my $inner_attrs = { %$attrs };
+ delete $inner_attrs->{$_} for qw/for collapse _prefetch_select _collapse_order_by select as/;
- # create subquery select list
- my $sub_select = [ grep { $_ =~ /^$alias\./ } @{$attrs->{select}} ];
# bring over all non-collapse-induced order_by into the inner query (if any)
# the outer one will have to keep them all
- if (my $ord_cnt = @{$attrs->{order_by}} - @{$attrs->{_collapse_order_by}} ) {
- $sub_attrs->{order_by} = [
- @{$attrs->{order_by}}[ 0 .. ($#{$attrs->{order_by}} - $ord_cnt - 1) ]
+ delete $inner_attrs->{order_by};
+ if (my $ord_cnt = @{$outer_attrs->{order_by}} - @{$outer_attrs->{_collapse_order_by}} ) {
+ $inner_attrs->{order_by} = [
+ @{$outer_attrs->{order_by}}[ 0 .. $ord_cnt - 1]
];
}
- # mangle {from}
- $from = [ @$from ];
- my $select_root = shift @$from;
- my @outer_from = @$from;
-
- my %inner_joins;
- my %join_info = map { $_->[0]{-alias} => $_->[0] } (@$from);
- # in complex search_related chains $alias may *not* be 'me'
- # so always include it in the inner join, and also shift away
- # from the outer stack, so that the two datasets actually do
- # meet
- if ($select_root->{-alias} ne $alias) {
- $inner_joins{$alias} = 1;
+ # generate the inner/outer select lists
+ # for inside we consider only stuff *not* brought in by the prefetch
+ # on the outside we substitute any function for its alias
+ my $outer_select = [ @$select ];
+ my $inner_select = [];
+ for my $i (0 .. ( @$outer_select - @{$outer_attrs->{_prefetch_select}} - 1) ) {
+ my $sel = $outer_select->[$i];
- while (@outer_from && $outer_from[0][0]{-alias} ne $alias) {
- shift @outer_from;
- }
- if (! @outer_from) {
- $self->throw_exception ("Unable to find '$alias' in the {from} stack, something is wrong");
+ if (ref $sel eq 'HASH' ) {
+ $sel->{-as} ||= $attrs->{as}[$i];
+ $outer_select->[$i] = join ('.', $attrs->{alias}, ($sel->{-as} || "inner_column_$i") );
}
- shift @outer_from; # the new subquery will represent this alias, so get rid of it
+ push @$inner_select, $sel;
}
+ # normalize a copy of $from, so it will be easier to work with further
+ # down (i.e. promote the initial hashref to an AoH)
+ $from = [ @$from ];
+ $from->[0] = [ $from->[0] ];
+ my %original_join_info = map { $_->[0]{-alias} => $_->[0] } (@$from);
- # decide which parts of the join will remain on the inside
- #
- # this is not a very viable optimisation, but it was written
- # before I realised this, so might as well remain. We can throw
- # away _any_ branches of the join tree that are:
- # 1) not mentioned in the condition/order
- # 2) left-join leaves (or left-join leaf chains)
- # Most of the join ocnditions will not satisfy this, but for real
- # complex queries some might, and we might make some RDBMS happy.
- #
- #
- # since we do not have introspectable SQLA, we fall back to ugly
- # scanning of raw SQL for WHERE, and for pieces of ORDER BY
- # in order to determine what goes into %inner_joins
+
+ # decide which parts of the join will remain in either part of
+ # the outer/inner query
+
+ # First we compose a list of which aliases are used in restrictions
+ # (i.e. conditions/order/grouping/etc). Since we do not have
+ # introspectable SQLA, we fall back to ugly scanning of raw SQL for
+ # WHERE, and for pieces of ORDER BY in order to determine which aliases
+ # need to appear in the resulting sql.
# It may not be very efficient, but it's a reasonable stop-gap
+ # Also unqualified column names will not be considered, but more often
+ # than not this is actually ok
+ #
+ # In the same loop we enumerate part of the selection aliases, as
+ # it requires the same sqla hack for the time being
+ my ($restrict_aliases, $select_aliases, $prefetch_aliases);
{
# produce stuff unquoted, so it can be scanned
my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
local $sql_maker->{quote_char};
+ my $sep = $self->_sql_maker_opts->{name_sep} || '.';
+ $sep = "\Q$sep\E";
- my @order_by = (map
+ my $non_prefetch_select_sql = $sql_maker->_recurse_fields ($inner_select);
+ my $prefetch_select_sql = $sql_maker->_recurse_fields ($outer_attrs->{_prefetch_select});
+ my $where_sql = $sql_maker->where ($where);
+ my $group_by_sql = $sql_maker->_order_by({
+ map { $_ => $inner_attrs->{$_} } qw/group_by having/
+ });
+ my @non_prefetch_order_by_chunks = (map
{ ref $_ ? $_->[0] : $_ }
- $sql_maker->_order_by_chunks ($sub_attrs->{order_by})
+ $sql_maker->_order_by_chunks ($inner_attrs->{order_by})
);
- my $where_sql = $sql_maker->where ($where);
- # sort needed joins
- for my $alias (keys %join_info) {
+ for my $alias (keys %original_join_info) {
+ my $seen_re = qr/\b $alias $sep/x;
- # any table alias found on a column name in where or order_by
- # gets included in %inner_joins
- # Also any parent joins that are needed to reach this particular alias
- for my $piece ($where_sql, @order_by ) {
- if ($piece =~ /\b$alias\./) {
- $inner_joins{$alias} = 1;
+ for my $piece ($where_sql, $group_by_sql, @non_prefetch_order_by_chunks ) {
+ if ($piece =~ $seen_re) {
+ $restrict_aliases->{$alias} = 1;
}
}
+
+ if ($non_prefetch_select_sql =~ $seen_re) {
+ $select_aliases->{$alias} = 1;
+ }
+
+ if ($prefetch_select_sql =~ $seen_re) {
+ $prefetch_aliases->{$alias} = 1;
+ }
+
}
}
- # scan for non-leaf/non-left joins and mark as needed
- # also mark all ancestor joins that are needed to reach this particular alias
- # (e.g. join => { cds => 'tracks' } - tracks will bring cds too )
- #
- # traverse by the size of the -join_path i.e. reverse depth first
- for my $alias (sort { @{$join_info{$b}{-join_path}} <=> @{$join_info{$a}{-join_path}} } (keys %join_info) ) {
-
- my $j = $join_info{$alias};
- $inner_joins{$alias} = 1 if (! $j->{-join_type} || ($j->{-join_type} !~ /^left$/i) );
+ # Add any non-left joins to the restriction list (such joins are indeed restrictions)
+ for my $j (values %original_join_info) {
+ my $alias = $j->{-alias} or next;
+ $restrict_aliases->{$alias} = 1 if (
+ (not $j->{-join_type})
+ or
+ ($j->{-join_type} !~ /^left (?: \s+ outer)? $/xi)
+ );
+ }
- if ($inner_joins{$alias}) {
- $inner_joins{$_} = 1 for (@{$j->{-join_path}});
+ # mark all join parents as mentioned
+ # (e.g. join => { cds => 'tracks' } - tracks will need to bring cds too )
+ for my $collection ($restrict_aliases, $select_aliases) {
+ for my $alias (keys %$collection) {
+ $collection->{$_} = 1
+ for (@{ $original_join_info{$alias}{-join_path} || [] });
}
}
# construct the inner $from for the subquery
- my $inner_from = [ $select_root ];
+ my %inner_joins = (map { %{$_ || {}} } ($restrict_aliases, $select_aliases) );
+ my @inner_from;
for my $j (@$from) {
- push @$inner_from, $j if $inner_joins{$j->[0]{-alias}};
+ push @inner_from, $j if $inner_joins{$j->[0]{-alias}};
}
# if a multi-type join was needed in the subquery ("multi" is indicated by
# presence in {collapse}) - add a group_by to simulate the collapse in the subq
-
- for my $alias (keys %inner_joins) {
-
- # the dot comes from some weirdness in collapse
- # remove after the rewrite
- if ($attrs->{collapse}{".$alias"}) {
- $sub_attrs->{group_by} = $sub_select;
- last;
+ unless ($inner_attrs->{group_by}) {
+ for my $alias (keys %inner_joins) {
+
+ # the dot comes from some weirdness in collapse
+ # remove after the rewrite
+ if ($attrs->{collapse}{".$alias"}) {
+ $inner_attrs->{group_by} ||= $inner_select;
+ last;
+ }
}
}
+ # demote the inner_from head
+ $inner_from[0] = $inner_from[0][0];
+
# generate the subquery
my $subq = $self->_select_args_to_query (
- $inner_from,
- $sub_select,
+ \@inner_from,
+ $inner_select,
$where,
- $sub_attrs
+ $inner_attrs,
);
- # put it in the new {from}
- unshift @outer_from, { $alias => $subq };
+ my $subq_joinspec = {
+ -alias => $attrs->{alias},
+ -source_handle => $inner_from[0]{-source_handle},
+ $attrs->{alias} => $subq,
+ };
+
+ # Generate the outer from - this is relatively easy (really just replace
+ # the join slot with the subquery), with a major caveat - we can not
+ # join anything that is non-selecting (not part of the prefetch), but at
+ # the same time is a multi-type relationship, as it will explode the result.
+ #
+ # There are two possibilities here
+ # - either the join is non-restricting, in which case we simply throw it away
+ # - it is part of the restrictions, in which case we need to collapse the outer
+ # result by tackling yet another group_by to the outside of the query
+
+ # so first generate the outer_from, up to the substitution point
+ my @outer_from;
+ while (my $j = shift @$from) {
+ if ($j->[0]{-alias} eq $attrs->{alias}) { # time to swap
+ push @outer_from, [
+ $subq_joinspec,
+ @{$j}[1 .. $#$j],
+ ];
+ last; # we'll take care of what's left in $from below
+ }
+ else {
+ push @outer_from, $j;
+ }
+ }
+
+ # see what's left - throw away if not selecting/restricting
+ # also throw in a group_by if restricting to guard against
+ # cross-join explosions
+ #
+ while (my $j = shift @$from) {
+ my $alias = $j->[0]{-alias};
+
+ if ($select_aliases->{$alias} || $prefetch_aliases->{$alias}) {
+ push @outer_from, $j;
+ }
+ elsif ($restrict_aliases->{$alias}) {
+ push @outer_from, $j;
+
+ # FIXME - this should be obviated by SQLA2, as I'll be able to
+ # have restrict_inner and restrict_outer... or something to that
+ # effect... I think...
+
+ # FIXME2 - I can't find a clean way to determine if a particular join
+ # is a multi - instead I am just treating everything as a potential
+ # explosive join (ribasushi)
+ #
+ # if (my $handle = $j->[0]{-source_handle}) {
+ # my $rsrc = $handle->resolve;
+ # ... need to bail out of the following if this is not a multi,
+ # as it will be much easier on the db ...
+
+ $outer_attrs->{group_by} ||= $outer_select;
+ # }
+ }
+ }
+
+ # demote the outer_from head
+ $outer_from[0] = $outer_from[0][0];
# This is totally horrific - the $where ends up in both the inner and outer query
- # Unfortunately not much can be done until SQLA2 introspection arrives
+ # Unfortunately not much can be done until SQLA2 introspection arrives, and even
+ # then if where conditions apply to the *right* side of the prefetch, you may have
+ # to both filter the inner select (e.g. to apply a limit) and then have to re-filter
+ # the outer select to exclude joins you didin't want in the first place
#
# OTOH it can be seen as a plus: <ash> (notes that this query would make a DBA cry ;)
- return (\@outer_from, $select, $where, $attrs);
+ return (\@outer_from, $outer_select, $where, $outer_attrs);
}
sub _resolve_ident_sources {
my ($self, $ident) = @_;
my $alias2source = {};
+ my $rs_alias;
# the reason this is so contrived is that $ident may be a {from}
# structure, specifying multiple tables to join
if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($ident) && $ident->isa("DBIx::Class::ResultSource") ) {
# this is compat mode for insert/update/delete which do not deal with aliases
$alias2source->{me} = $ident;
+ $rs_alias = 'me';
}
elsif (ref $ident eq 'ARRAY') {
my $tabinfo;
if (ref $_ eq 'HASH') {
$tabinfo = $_;
+ $rs_alias = $tabinfo->{-alias};
}
if (ref $_ eq 'ARRAY' and ref $_->[0] eq 'HASH') {
$tabinfo = $_->[0];
}
}
- return $alias2source;
+ return ($alias2source, $rs_alias);
+}
+
+# Takes $ident, \@column_names
+#
+# returns { $column_name => \%column_info, ... }
+# also note: this adds -result_source => $rsrc to the column info
+#
+# usage:
+# my $col_sources = $self->_resolve_column_info($ident, @column_names);
+sub _resolve_column_info {
+ my ($self, $ident, $colnames) = @_;
+ my ($alias2src, $root_alias) = $self->_resolve_ident_sources($ident);
+
+ my $sep = $self->_sql_maker_opts->{name_sep} || '.';
+ $sep = "\Q$sep\E";
+
+ my (%return, %seen_cols);
+
+ # compile a global list of column names, to be able to properly
+ # disambiguate unqualified column names (if at all possible)
+ for my $alias (keys %$alias2src) {
+ my $rsrc = $alias2src->{$alias};
+ for my $colname ($rsrc->columns) {
+ push @{$seen_cols{$colname}}, $alias;
+ }
+ }
+
+ COLUMN:
+ foreach my $col (@$colnames) {
+ my ($alias, $colname) = $col =~ m/^ (?: ([^$sep]+) $sep)? (.+) $/x;
+
+ unless ($alias) {
+ # see if the column was seen exactly once (so we know which rsrc it came from)
+ if ($seen_cols{$colname} and @{$seen_cols{$colname}} == 1) {
+ $alias = $seen_cols{$colname}[0];
+ }
+ else {
+ next COLUMN;
+ }
+ }
+
+ my $rsrc = $alias2src->{$alias};
+ $return{$col} = $rsrc && {
+ %{$rsrc->column_info($colname)},
+ -result_source => $rsrc,
+ -source_alias => $alias,
+ };
+ }
+
+ return \%return;
}
# Returns a counting SELECT for a simple count
sub sth {
my ($self, $sql) = @_;
- $self->dbh_do('_dbh_sth', $sql);
+ $self->dbh_do('_dbh_sth', $sql); # retry over disconnects
}
sub _dbh_columns_info_for {
sub columns_info_for {
my ($self, $table) = @_;
- $self->dbh_do('_dbh_columns_info_for', $table);
+ $self->_dbh_columns_info_for ($self->_get_dbh, $table);
}
=head2 last_insert_id
sub last_insert_id {
my $self = shift;
- $self->dbh_do('_dbh_last_insert_id', @_);
+ $self->_dbh_last_insert_id ($self->_dbh, @_);
+}
+
+=head2 _native_data_type
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Arguments: $type_name
+
+=back
+
+This API is B<EXPERIMENTAL>, will almost definitely change in the future, and
+currently only used by L<::AutoCast|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast> and
+L<::Sybase|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase>.
+
+The default implementation returns C<undef>, implement in your Storage driver if
+you need this functionality.
+
+Should map types from other databases to the native RDBMS type, for example
+C<VARCHAR2> to C<VARCHAR>.
+
+Types with modifiers should map to the underlying data type. For example,
+C<INTEGER AUTO_INCREMENT> should become C<INTEGER>.
+
+Composite types should map to the container type, for example
+C<ENUM(foo,bar,baz)> becomes C<ENUM>.
+
+=cut
+
+sub _native_data_type {
+ #my ($self, $data_type) = @_;
+ return undef
+}
+
+# Check if placeholders are supported at all
+sub _placeholders_supported {
+ my $self = shift;
+ my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
+
+ # some drivers provide a $dbh attribute (e.g. Sybase and $dbh->{syb_dynamic_supported})
+ # but it is inaccurate more often than not
+ eval {
+ local $dbh->{PrintError} = 0;
+ local $dbh->{RaiseError} = 1;
+ $dbh->do('select ?', {}, 1);
+ };
+ return $@ ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+# Check if placeholders bound to non-string types throw exceptions
+#
+sub _typeless_placeholders_supported {
+ my $self = shift;
+ my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
+
+ eval {
+ local $dbh->{PrintError} = 0;
+ local $dbh->{RaiseError} = 1;
+ # this specifically tests a bind that is NOT a string
+ $dbh->do('select 1 where 1 = ?', {}, 1);
+ };
+ return $@ ? 0 : 1;
}
=head2 sqlt_type
=cut
-sub sqlt_type { shift->dbh->{Driver}->{Name} }
+sub sqlt_type {
+ my ($self) = @_;
+
+ if (not $self->_driver_determined) {
+ $self->_determine_driver;
+ goto $self->can ('sqlt_type');
+ }
+
+ $self->_get_dbh->{Driver}->{Name};
+}
=head2 bind_attribute_by_data_type
{ add_drop_table => 1, ignore_constraint_names => 1, ignore_index_names => 1 }
-merged with the hash passed in. To disable any of those features, pass in a
+merged with the hash passed in. To disable any of those features, pass in a
hashref like the following
{ ignore_constraint_names => 0, # ... other options }
-Note that this feature is currently EXPERIMENTAL and may not work correctly
+Note that this feature is currently EXPERIMENTAL and may not work correctly
across all databases, or fully handle complex relationships.
WARNING: Please check all SQL files created, before applying them.
$version ||= $schema_version;
$sqltargs = {
- add_drop_table => 1,
+ add_drop_table => 1,
ignore_constraint_names => 1,
ignore_index_names => 1,
%{$sqltargs || {}}
};
- $self->throw_exception(q{Can't create a ddl file without SQL::Translator 0.09003: '}
- . $self->_check_sqlt_message . q{'})
- if !$self->_check_sqlt_version;
+ $self->throw_exception("Can't create a ddl file without SQL::Translator: " . $self->_sqlt_version_error)
+ if !$self->_sqlt_version_ok;
my $sqlt = SQL::Translator->new( $sqltargs );
}
print $file $output;
close($file);
-
+
next unless ($preversion);
require SQL::Translator::Diff;
carp("Overwriting existing diff file - $difffile");
unlink($difffile);
}
-
+
my $source_schema;
{
my $t = SQL::Translator->new($sqltargs);
unless ( $source_schema->name );
}
- # The "new" style of producers have sane normalization and can support
+ # The "new" style of producers have sane normalization and can support
# diffing a SQL file against a DBIC->SQLT schema. Old style ones don't
# And we have to diff parsed SQL against parsed SQL.
my $dest_schema = $sqlt_schema;
$dest_schema->name( $filename )
unless $dest_schema->name;
}
-
+
my $diff = SQL::Translator::Diff::schema_diff($source_schema, $db,
$dest_schema, $db,
$sqltargs
);
- if(!open $file, ">$difffile") {
+ if(!open $file, ">$difffile") {
$self->throw_exception("Can't write to $difffile ($!)");
next;
}
sub deployment_statements {
my ($self, $schema, $type, $version, $dir, $sqltargs) = @_;
- # Need to be connected to get the correct sqlt_type
- $self->ensure_connected() unless $type;
$type ||= $self->sqlt_type;
$version ||= $schema->schema_version || '1.x';
$dir ||= './';
if(-f $filename)
{
my $file;
- open($file, "<$filename")
+ open($file, "<$filename")
or $self->throw_exception("Can't open $filename ($!)");
my @rows = <$file>;
close($file);
return join('', @rows);
}
- $self->throw_exception(q{Can't deploy without SQL::Translator 0.09003: '}
- . $self->_check_sqlt_message . q{'})
- if !$self->_check_sqlt_version;
+ $self->throw_exception("Can't deploy without either SQL::Translator or a ddl_dir: " . $self->_sqlt_version_error )
+ if !$self->_sqlt_version_ok;
- require SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class;
- eval qq{use SQL::Translator::Producer::${type}};
- $self->throw_exception($@) if $@;
-
- # sources needs to be a parser arg, but for simplicty allow at top level
+ # sources needs to be a parser arg, but for simplicty allow at top level
# coming in
$sqltargs->{parser_args}{sources} = delete $sqltargs->{sources}
if exists $sqltargs->{sources};
- my $tr = SQL::Translator->new(%$sqltargs);
- SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class::parse( $tr, $schema );
- return "SQL::Translator::Producer::${type}"->can('produce')->($tr);
+ my $tr = SQL::Translator->new(
+ producer => "SQL::Translator::Producer::${type}",
+ %$sqltargs,
+ parser => 'SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class',
+ data => $schema,
+ );
+ return $tr->translate;
}
sub deploy {
return if $line =~ /^\s+$/; # skip whitespace only
$self->_query_start($line);
eval {
- $self->dbh->do($line); # shouldn't be using ->dbh ?
+ # do a dbh_do cycle here, as we need some error checking in
+ # place (even though we will ignore errors)
+ $self->dbh_do (sub { $_[1]->do($line) });
};
if ($@) {
carp qq{$@ (running "${line}")};
sub datetime_parser {
my $self = shift;
return $self->{datetime_parser} ||= do {
- $self->ensure_connected;
$self->build_datetime_parser(@_);
};
}
=cut
sub build_datetime_parser {
+ if (not $_[0]->_driver_determined) {
+ $_[0]->_determine_driver;
+ goto $_[0]->can('build_datetime_parser');
+ }
+
my $self = shift;
my $type = $self->datetime_parser_type(@_);
- eval "use ${type}";
- $self->throw_exception("Couldn't load ${type}: $@") if $@;
+ $self->ensure_class_loaded ($type);
return $type;
}
-{
- my $_check_sqlt_version; # private
- my $_check_sqlt_message; # private
- sub _check_sqlt_version {
- return $_check_sqlt_version if defined $_check_sqlt_version;
- eval 'use SQL::Translator "0.09003"';
- $_check_sqlt_message = $@ || '';
- $_check_sqlt_version = !$@;
- }
-
- sub _check_sqlt_message {
- _check_sqlt_version if !defined $_check_sqlt_message;
- $_check_sqlt_message;
- }
-}
=head2 is_replicating
sub is_replicating {
return;
-
+
}
=head2 lag_behind_master
return;
}
+# SQLT version handling
+{
+ my $_sqlt_version_ok; # private
+ my $_sqlt_version_error; # private
+
+ sub _sqlt_version_ok {
+ if (!defined $_sqlt_version_ok) {
+ eval "use SQL::Translator $minimum_sqlt_version";
+ if ($@) {
+ $_sqlt_version_ok = 0;
+ $_sqlt_version_error = $@;
+ }
+ else {
+ $_sqlt_version_ok = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return $_sqlt_version_ok;
+ }
+
+ sub _sqlt_version_error {
+ shift->_sqlt_version_ok unless defined $_sqlt_version_ok;
+ return $_sqlt_version_error;
+ }
+
+ sub _sqlt_minimum_version { $minimum_sqlt_version };
+}
+
sub DESTROY {
my $self = shift;
- return if !$self->_dbh;
- $self->_verify_pid;
+
+ $self->_verify_pid if $self->_dbh;
+
+ # some databases need this to stop spewing warnings
+ if (my $dbh = $self->_dbh) {
+ local $@;
+ eval { $dbh->disconnect };
+ }
+
$self->_dbh(undef);
}
DBIx::Class can do some wonderful magic with handling exceptions,
disconnections, and transactions when you use C<< AutoCommit => 1 >>
-combined with C<txn_do> for transaction support.
+(the default) combined with C<txn_do> for transaction support.
If you set C<< AutoCommit => 0 >> in your connect info, then you are always
in an assumed transaction between commits, and you're telling us you'd
be with raw DBI.
-
=head1 AUTHORS
Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
projects / dbsrgits/DBIx-Class.git / blobdiff