1 package DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE;
7 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase
8 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast
11 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
12 use Scalar::Util 'blessed';
13 use List::Util 'first';
15 use Data::Dumper::Concise 'Dumper';
19 __PACKAGE__->sql_limit_dialect ('RowCountOrGenericSubQ');
21 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' =>
22 qw/_identity _blob_log_on_update _writer_storage _is_extra_storage
23 _bulk_storage _is_bulk_storage _began_bulk_work
24 _bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned
28 my @also_proxy_to_extra_storages = qw/
29 connect_call_set_auto_cast auto_cast connect_call_blob_setup
30 connect_call_datetime_setup
32 disconnect _connect_info _sql_maker _sql_maker_opts disable_sth_caching
33 auto_savepoint unsafe cursor_class debug debugobj schema
38 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE - Sybase ASE SQL Server support for
43 This subclass supports L<DBD::Sybase> for real (non-Microsoft) Sybase databases.
47 If your version of Sybase does not support placeholders, then your storage will
48 be reblessed to L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars>.
49 You can also enable that driver explicitly, see the documentation for more
52 With this driver there is unfortunately no way to get the C<last_insert_id>
53 without doing a C<SELECT MAX(col)>. This is done safely in a transaction
54 (locking the table.) See L</INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS>.
56 A recommended L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> setting:
58 on_connect_call => [['datetime_setup'], ['blob_setup', log_on_update => 0]]
67 my $no_bind_vars = __PACKAGE__ . '::NoBindVars';
69 if ($self->using_freetds) {
70 carp <<'EOF' unless $ENV{DBIC_SYBASE_FREETDS_NOWARN};
72 You are using FreeTDS with Sybase.
74 We will do our best to support this configuration, but please consider this
77 TEXT/IMAGE columns will definitely not work.
79 You are encouraged to recompile DBD::Sybase with the Sybase Open Client libraries
82 See perldoc DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE for more details.
84 To turn off this warning set the DBIC_SYBASE_FREETDS_NOWARN environment
88 if (not $self->_use_typeless_placeholders) {
89 if ($self->_use_placeholders) {
93 $self->ensure_class_loaded($no_bind_vars);
94 bless $self, $no_bind_vars;
100 elsif (not $self->_get_dbh->{syb_dynamic_supported}) {
101 # not necessarily FreeTDS, but no placeholders nevertheless
102 $self->ensure_class_loaded($no_bind_vars);
103 bless $self, $no_bind_vars;
106 # this is highly unlikely, but we check just in case
107 elsif (not $self->_use_typeless_placeholders) {
114 $self->_set_max_connect(256);
116 # create storage for insert/(update blob) transactions,
117 # unless this is that storage
118 return if $self->_is_extra_storage;
120 my $writer_storage = (ref $self)->new;
122 $writer_storage->_is_extra_storage(1);
123 $writer_storage->connect_info($self->connect_info);
124 $writer_storage->auto_cast($self->auto_cast);
126 $self->_writer_storage($writer_storage);
128 # create a bulk storage unless connect_info is a coderef
129 return if ref($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE';
131 my $bulk_storage = (ref $self)->new;
133 $bulk_storage->_is_extra_storage(1);
134 $bulk_storage->_is_bulk_storage(1); # for special ->disconnect acrobatics
135 $bulk_storage->connect_info($self->connect_info);
138 $bulk_storage->_dbi_connect_info->[0] .= ';bulkLogin=1';
140 $self->_bulk_storage($bulk_storage);
143 for my $method (@also_proxy_to_extra_storages) {
145 no warnings 'redefine';
147 my $replaced = __PACKAGE__->can($method);
149 *{$method} = Sub::Name::subname $method => sub {
151 $self->_writer_storage->$replaced(@_) if $self->_writer_storage;
152 $self->_bulk_storage->$replaced(@_) if $self->_bulk_storage;
153 return $self->$replaced(@_);
160 # Even though we call $sth->finish for uses off the bulk API, there's still an
161 # "active statement" warning on disconnect, which we throw away here.
162 # This is due to the bug described in insert_bulk.
163 # Currently a noop because 'prepare' is used instead of 'prepare_cached'.
164 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
165 warn $_[0] unless $_[0] =~ /active statement/i;
166 } if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
168 # so that next transaction gets a dbh
169 $self->_began_bulk_work(0) if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
174 # Set up session settings for Sybase databases for the connection.
176 # Make sure we have CHAINED mode turned on if AutoCommit is off in non-FreeTDS
177 # DBD::Sybase (since we don't know how DBD::Sybase was compiled.) If however
178 # we're using FreeTDS, CHAINED mode turns on an implicit transaction which we
179 # only want when AutoCommit is off.
181 # Also SET TEXTSIZE for FreeTDS because LongReadLen doesn't work.
182 sub _run_connection_actions {
185 if ($self->_is_bulk_storage) {
186 # this should be cleared on every reconnect
187 $self->_began_bulk_work(0);
191 if (not $self->using_freetds) {
192 $self->_dbh->{syb_chained_txn} = 1;
194 # based on LongReadLen in connect_info
197 if ($self->_dbh_autocommit) {
198 $self->_dbh->do('SET CHAINED OFF');
200 $self->_dbh->do('SET CHAINED ON');
204 $self->next::method(@_);
207 =head2 connect_call_blob_setup
211 on_connect_call => [ [ 'blob_setup', log_on_update => 0 ] ]
213 Does C<< $dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1; >> to return C<IMAGE> data as raw binary
214 instead of as a hex string.
218 Also sets the C<log_on_update> value for blob write operations. The default is
219 C<1>, but C<0> is better if your database is configured for it.
222 L<DBD::Sybase/Handling_IMAGE/TEXT_data_with_syb_ct_get_data()/syb_ct_send_data()>.
226 sub connect_call_blob_setup {
229 my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
230 $dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1;
232 $self->_blob_log_on_update($args{log_on_update})
233 if exists $args{log_on_update};
239 $type && $type =~ /(?:text|image|lob|bytea|binary|memo)/i;
243 my ($self, $source, $column) = @_;
245 return $self->_is_lob_type($source->column_info($column)->{data_type});
248 sub _prep_for_execute {
250 my ($op, $extra_bind, $ident, $args) = @_;
252 my ($sql, $bind) = $self->next::method (@_);
254 my $table = blessed $ident ? $ident->from : $ident;
256 my $bind_info = $self->_resolve_column_info(
257 $ident, [map $_->[0], @{$bind}]
259 my $bound_identity_col =
260 first { $bind_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
264 my $columns_info = blessed $ident && $ident->columns_info;
268 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
272 if (($op eq 'insert' && $bound_identity_col) ||
273 ($op eq 'update' && exists $args->[0]{$identity_col})) {
275 $self->_set_table_identity_sql($op => $table, 'on'),
277 $self->_set_table_identity_sql($op => $table, 'off'),
281 if ($op eq 'insert' && (not $bound_identity_col) && $identity_col &&
282 (not $self->{insert_bulk})) {
285 $self->_fetch_identity_sql($ident, $identity_col);
288 return ($sql, $bind);
291 sub _set_table_identity_sql {
292 my ($self, $op, $table, $on_off) = @_;
294 return sprintf 'SET IDENTITY_%s %s %s',
295 uc($op), $self->sql_maker->_quote($table), uc($on_off);
298 # Stolen from SQLT, with some modifications. This is a makeshift
299 # solution before a sane type-mapping library is available, thus
300 # the 'our' for easy overrides.
301 our %TYPE_MAPPING = (
304 varchar => 'varchar',
305 varchar2 => 'varchar',
306 timestamp => 'datetime',
308 real => 'double precision',
311 tinyint => 'smallint',
312 float => 'double precision',
314 bigserial => 'numeric',
315 boolean => 'varchar',
319 sub _native_data_type {
320 my ($self, $type) = @_;
323 $type =~ s/\s* identity//x;
325 return uc($TYPE_MAPPING{$type} || $type);
328 sub _fetch_identity_sql {
329 my ($self, $source, $col) = @_;
331 return sprintf ("SELECT MAX(%s) FROM %s",
332 map { $self->sql_maker->_quote ($_) } ($col, $source->from)
340 my ($rv, $sth, @bind) = $self->dbh_do($self->can('_dbh_execute'), @_);
342 if ($op eq 'insert') {
343 $self->_identity($sth->fetchrow_array);
347 return wantarray ? ($rv, $sth, @bind) : $rv;
350 sub last_insert_id { shift->_identity }
352 # handles TEXT/IMAGE and transaction for last_insert_id
355 my ($source, $to_insert) = @_;
357 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
360 (first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
361 keys %$columns_info )
364 # check for empty insert
365 # INSERT INTO foo DEFAULT VALUES -- does not work with Sybase
366 # try to insert explicit 'DEFAULT's instead (except for identity, timestamp
367 # and computed columns)
368 if (not %$to_insert) {
369 for my $col ($source->columns) {
370 next if $col eq $identity_col;
372 my $info = $source->column_info($col);
374 next if ref $info->{default_value} eq 'SCALAR'
375 || (exists $info->{data_type} && (not defined $info->{data_type}));
377 next if $info->{data_type} && $info->{data_type} =~ /^timestamp\z/i;
379 $to_insert->{$col} = \'DEFAULT';
383 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols($source, $to_insert);
385 # do we need the horrific SELECT MAX(COL) hack?
386 my $dumb_last_insert_id =
388 && (not exists $to_insert->{$identity_col})
389 && ($self->_identity_method||'') ne '@@IDENTITY';
391 my $next = $self->next::can;
393 # we are already in a transaction, or there are no blobs
394 # and we don't need the PK - just (try to) do it
395 if ($self->{transaction_depth}
396 || (!$blob_cols && !$dumb_last_insert_id)
398 return $self->_insert (
399 $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col
403 # otherwise use the _writer_storage to do the insert+transaction on another
405 my $guard = $self->_writer_storage->txn_scope_guard;
407 my $updated_cols = $self->_writer_storage->_insert (
408 $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col
411 $self->_identity($self->_writer_storage->_identity);
415 return $updated_cols;
419 my ($self, $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col) = @_;
421 my $updated_cols = $self->$next ($source, $to_insert);
425 ($identity_col => $self->last_insert_id($source, $identity_col)) : ()),
430 $self->_insert_blobs ($source, $blob_cols, $final_row) if $blob_cols;
432 return $updated_cols;
437 my ($source, $fields, $where, @rest) = @_;
439 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols($source, $fields);
441 my $table = $source->name;
443 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
446 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
449 my $is_identity_update = $identity_col && defined $fields->{$identity_col};
451 return $self->next::method(@_) unless $blob_cols;
453 # If there are any blobs in $where, Sybase will return a descriptive error
455 # XXX blobs can still be used with a LIKE query, and this should be handled.
457 # update+blob update(s) done atomically on separate connection
458 $self = $self->_writer_storage;
460 my $guard = $self->txn_scope_guard;
462 # First update the blob columns to be updated to '' (taken from $fields, where
463 # it is originally put by _remove_blob_cols .)
464 my %blobs_to_empty = map { ($_ => delete $fields->{$_}) } keys %$blob_cols;
466 # We can't only update NULL blobs, because blobs cannot be in the WHERE clause.
468 $self->next::method($source, \%blobs_to_empty, $where, @rest);
470 # Now update the blobs before the other columns in case the update of other
471 # columns makes the search condition invalid.
472 $self->_update_blobs($source, $blob_cols, $where);
477 @res = $self->next::method(@_);
479 elsif (defined wantarray) {
480 $res[0] = $self->next::method(@_);
483 $self->next::method(@_);
489 return wantarray ? @res : $res[0];
494 my ($source, $cols, $data) = @_;
496 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
499 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
502 my $is_identity_insert = (first { $_ eq $identity_col } @{$cols}) ? 1 : 0;
504 my @source_columns = $source->columns;
507 $self->_bulk_storage &&
508 $self->_get_dbh->{syb_has_blk};
510 if ((not $use_bulk_api)
512 (ref($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE')
514 (not $self->_bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned)) {
516 Bulk API support disabled due to use of a CODEREF connect_info. Reverting to
517 regular array inserts.
519 $self->_bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned(1);
522 if (not $use_bulk_api) {
523 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols_array($source, $cols, $data);
525 # _execute_array uses a txn anyway, but it ends too early in case we need to
526 # select max(col) to get the identity for inserting blobs.
527 ($self, my $guard) = $self->{transaction_depth} == 0 ?
528 ($self->_writer_storage, $self->_writer_storage->txn_scope_guard)
532 local $self->{insert_bulk} = 1;
534 $self->next::method(@_);
537 if ($is_identity_insert) {
538 $self->_insert_blobs_array ($source, $blob_cols, $cols, $data);
541 my @cols_with_identities = (@$cols, $identity_col);
543 ## calculate identities
544 # XXX This assumes identities always increase by 1, which may or may not
546 my ($last_identity) =
547 $self->_dbh->selectrow_array (
548 $self->_fetch_identity_sql($source, $identity_col)
550 my @identities = (($last_identity - @$data + 1) .. $last_identity);
552 my @data_with_identities = map [@$_, shift @identities], @$data;
554 $self->_insert_blobs_array (
555 $source, $blob_cols, \@cols_with_identities, \@data_with_identities
560 $guard->commit if $guard;
565 # otherwise, use the bulk API
567 # rearrange @$data so that columns are in database order
569 @orig_idx{@$cols} = 0..$#$cols;
572 @new_idx{@source_columns} = 0..$#source_columns;
575 for my $datum (@$data) {
577 for my $col (@source_columns) {
578 # identity data will be 'undef' if not $is_identity_insert
579 # columns with defaults will also be 'undef'
580 $new_datum->[ $new_idx{$col} ] =
581 exists $orig_idx{$col} ? $datum->[ $orig_idx{$col} ] : undef;
583 push @new_data, $new_datum;
586 # bcp identity index is 1-based
587 my $identity_idx = exists $new_idx{$identity_col} ?
588 $new_idx{$identity_col} + 1 : 0;
590 ## Set a client-side conversion error handler, straight from DBD::Sybase docs.
591 # This ignores any data conversion errors detected by the client side libs, as
592 # they are usually harmless.
593 my $orig_cslib_cb = DBD::Sybase::set_cslib_cb(
594 Sub::Name::subname insert_bulk => sub {
595 my ($layer, $origin, $severity, $errno, $errmsg, $osmsg, $blkmsg) = @_;
597 return 1 if $errno == 36;
600 "Layer: $layer, Origin: $origin, Severity: $severity, Error: $errno" .
601 ($errmsg ? "\n$errmsg" : '') .
602 ($osmsg ? "\n$osmsg" : '') .
603 ($blkmsg ? "\n$blkmsg" : '');
610 my $bulk = $self->_bulk_storage;
612 my $guard = $bulk->txn_scope_guard;
614 ## XXX get this to work instead of our own $sth
615 ## will require SQLA or *Hacks changes for ordered columns
616 # $bulk->next::method($source, \@source_columns, \@new_data, {
617 # syb_bcp_attribs => {
618 # identity_flag => $is_identity_insert,
619 # identity_column => $identity_idx,
622 my $sql = 'INSERT INTO ' .
623 $bulk->sql_maker->_quote($source->name) . ' (' .
624 # colname list is ignored for BCP, but does no harm
625 (join ', ', map $bulk->sql_maker->_quote($_), @source_columns) . ') '.
626 ' VALUES ('. (join ', ', ('?') x @source_columns) . ')';
628 ## XXX there's a bug in the DBD::Sybase bulk support that makes $sth->finish for
629 ## a prepare_cached statement ineffective. Replace with ->sth when fixed, or
630 ## better yet the version above. Should be fixed in DBD::Sybase .
631 my $sth = $bulk->_get_dbh->prepare($sql,
635 identity_flag => $is_identity_insert,
636 identity_column => $identity_idx,
643 map [ $_, $idx++ ], @source_columns;
646 $self->_execute_array(
647 $source, $sth, \@bind, \@source_columns, \@new_data, sub {
652 $bulk->_query_end($sql);
657 DBD::Sybase::set_cslib_cb($orig_cslib_cb);
659 if ($exception =~ /-Y option/) {
660 my $w = 'Sybase bulk API operation failed due to character set incompatibility, '
661 . 'reverting to regular array inserts. Try unsetting the LANG environment variable'
663 $w .= "\n$exception" if $self->debug;
666 $self->_bulk_storage(undef);
671 # rollback makes the bulkLogin connection unusable
672 $self->_bulk_storage->disconnect;
673 $self->throw_exception($exception);
677 sub _dbh_execute_array {
678 my ($self, $sth, $tuple_status, $cb) = @_;
680 my $rv = $self->next::method($sth, $tuple_status);
686 # Make sure blobs are not bound as placeholders, and return any non-empty ones
688 sub _remove_blob_cols {
689 my ($self, $source, $fields) = @_;
693 for my $col (keys %$fields) {
694 if ($self->_is_lob_column($source, $col)) {
695 my $blob_val = delete $fields->{$col};
696 if (not defined $blob_val) {
697 $fields->{$col} = \'NULL';
700 $fields->{$col} = \"''";
701 $blob_cols{$col} = $blob_val unless $blob_val eq '';
706 return %blob_cols ? \%blob_cols : undef;
709 # same for insert_bulk
710 sub _remove_blob_cols_array {
711 my ($self, $source, $cols, $data) = @_;
715 for my $i (0..$#$cols) {
716 my $col = $cols->[$i];
718 if ($self->_is_lob_column($source, $col)) {
719 for my $j (0..$#$data) {
720 my $blob_val = delete $data->[$j][$i];
721 if (not defined $blob_val) {
722 $data->[$j][$i] = \'NULL';
725 $data->[$j][$i] = \"''";
726 $blob_cols[$j][$i] = $blob_val
727 unless $blob_val eq '';
733 return @blob_cols ? \@blob_cols : undef;
737 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $where) = @_;
739 my @primary_cols = try
740 { $source->_pri_cols }
742 $self->throw_exception("Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s): $_")
745 # check if we're updating a single row by PK
746 my $pk_cols_in_where = 0;
747 for my $col (@primary_cols) {
748 $pk_cols_in_where++ if defined $where->{$col};
752 if ($pk_cols_in_where == @primary_cols) {
754 @row_to_update{@primary_cols} = @{$where}{@primary_cols};
755 @rows = \%row_to_update;
757 my $cursor = $self->select ($source, \@primary_cols, $where, {});
759 my %row; @row{@primary_cols} = @$_; \%row
763 for my $row (@rows) {
764 $self->_insert_blobs($source, $blob_cols, $row);
769 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $row) = @_;
770 my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
772 my $table = $source->name;
775 my @primary_cols = try
776 { $source->_pri_cols }
778 $self->throw_exception("Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s): $_")
781 $self->throw_exception('Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s) without primary key values')
782 if ((grep { defined $row{$_} } @primary_cols) != @primary_cols);
784 for my $col (keys %$blob_cols) {
785 my $blob = $blob_cols->{$col};
787 my %where = map { ($_, $row{$_}) } @primary_cols;
789 my $cursor = $self->select ($source, [$col], \%where, {});
791 my $sth = $cursor->sth;
794 $self->throw_exception(
795 "Could not find row in table '$table' for blob update:\n"
802 $sth->func('CS_GET', 1, 'ct_data_info') or die $sth->errstr;
805 $sth->func('ct_prepare_send') or die $sth->errstr;
807 my $log_on_update = $self->_blob_log_on_update;
808 $log_on_update = 1 if not defined $log_on_update;
810 $sth->func('CS_SET', 1, {
811 total_txtlen => length($blob),
812 log_on_update => $log_on_update
813 }, 'ct_data_info') or die $sth->errstr;
815 $sth->func($blob, length($blob), 'ct_send_data') or die $sth->errstr;
817 $sth->func('ct_finish_send') or die $sth->errstr;
820 if ($self->using_freetds) {
821 $self->throw_exception (
822 "TEXT/IMAGE operation failed, probably because you are using FreeTDS: $_"
826 $self->throw_exception($_);
830 $sth->finish if $sth;
835 sub _insert_blobs_array {
836 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $cols, $data) = @_;
838 for my $i (0..$#$data) {
839 my $datum = $data->[$i];
842 @row{ @$cols } = @$datum;
845 for my $j (0..$#$cols) {
846 if (exists $blob_cols->[$i][$j]) {
847 $blob_vals{ $cols->[$j] } = $blob_cols->[$i][$j];
851 $self->_insert_blobs ($source, \%blob_vals, \%row);
855 =head2 connect_call_datetime_setup
859 on_connect_call => 'datetime_setup'
861 In L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> to set:
863 $dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict'); # output fmt: 2004-08-21T14:36:48.080Z
864 $dbh->do('set dateformat mdy'); # input fmt: 08/13/1979 18:08:55.080
866 On connection for use with L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>, using
867 L<DateTime::Format::Sybase>, which you will need to install.
869 This works for both C<DATETIME> and C<SMALLDATETIME> columns, although
870 C<SMALLDATETIME> columns only have minute precision.
875 my $old_dbd_warned = 0;
877 sub connect_call_datetime_setup {
879 my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
881 if ($dbh->can('syb_date_fmt')) {
882 # amazingly, this works with FreeTDS
883 $dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict');
884 } elsif (not $old_dbd_warned) {
885 carp "Your DBD::Sybase is too old to support ".
886 "DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime, please upgrade!";
890 $dbh->do('SET DATEFORMAT mdy');
896 sub datetime_parser_type { "DateTime::Format::Sybase" }
898 # ->begin_work and such have no effect with FreeTDS but we run them anyway to
899 # let the DBD keep any state it needs to.
901 # If they ever do start working, the extra statements will do no harm (because
902 # Sybase supports nested transactions.)
904 sub _dbh_begin_work {
907 # bulkLogin=1 connections are always in a transaction, and can only call BEGIN
908 # TRAN once. However, we need to make sure there's a $dbh.
909 return if $self->_is_bulk_storage && $self->_dbh && $self->_began_bulk_work;
911 $self->next::method(@_);
913 if ($self->using_freetds) {
914 $self->_get_dbh->do('BEGIN TRAN');
917 $self->_began_bulk_work(1) if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
922 if ($self->using_freetds) {
923 $self->_dbh->do('COMMIT');
925 return $self->next::method(@_);
930 if ($self->using_freetds) {
931 $self->_dbh->do('ROLLBACK');
933 return $self->next::method(@_);
936 # savepoint support using ASE syntax
939 my ($self, $name) = @_;
941 $self->_get_dbh->do("SAVE TRANSACTION $name");
944 # A new SAVE TRANSACTION with the same name releases the previous one.
945 sub _svp_release { 1 }
948 my ($self, $name) = @_;
950 $self->_get_dbh->do("ROLLBACK TRANSACTION $name");
955 =head1 Schema::Loader Support
957 As of version C<0.05000>, L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader> should work well with
958 most (if not all) versions of Sybase ASE.
962 This driver supports L<DBD::Sybase> compiled against FreeTDS
963 (L<http://www.freetds.org/>) to the best of our ability, however it is
964 recommended that you recompile L<DBD::Sybase> against the Sybase Open Client
965 libraries. They are a part of the Sybase ASE distribution:
967 The Open Client FAQ is here:
968 L<http://www.isug.com/Sybase_FAQ/ASE/section7.html>.
970 Sybase ASE for Linux (which comes with the Open Client libraries) may be
971 downloaded here: L<http://response.sybase.com/forms/ASE_Linux_Download>.
973 To see if you're using FreeTDS check C<< $schema->storage->using_freetds >>, or run:
975 perl -MDBI -le 'my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pass); print $dbh->{syb_oc_version}'
977 Some versions of the libraries involved will not support placeholders, in which
978 case the storage will be reblessed to
979 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars>.
981 In some configurations, placeholders will work but will throw implicit type
982 conversion errors for anything that's not expecting a string. In such a case,
983 the C<auto_cast> option from L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast> is
984 automatically set, which you may enable on connection with
985 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast/connect_call_set_auto_cast>. The type info
986 for the C<CAST>s is taken from the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource/data_type>
987 definitions in your Result classes, and are mapped to a Sybase type (if it isn't
988 already) using a mapping based on L<SQL::Translator>.
990 In other configurations, placeholders will work just as they do with the Sybase
991 Open Client libraries.
993 Inserts or updates of TEXT/IMAGE columns will B<NOT> work with FreeTDS.
995 =head1 INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS
997 With placeholders enabled, inserts are done in a transaction so that there are
998 no concurrency issues with getting the inserted identity value using
999 C<SELECT MAX(col)>, which is the only way to get the C<IDENTITY> value in this
1002 In addition, they are done on a separate connection so that it's possible to
1003 have active cursors when doing an insert.
1005 When using C<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars> transactions
1006 are disabled, as there are no concurrency issues with C<SELECT @@IDENTITY> as
1007 it's a session variable.
1011 Due to limitations of the TDS protocol, L<DBD::Sybase>, or both, you cannot
1012 begin a transaction while there are active cursors, nor can you use multiple
1013 active cursors within a transaction. An active cursor is, for example, a
1014 L<ResultSet|DBIx::Class::ResultSet> that has been executed using C<next> or
1015 C<first> but has not been exhausted or L<reset|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/reset>.
1017 For example, this will not work:
1019 $schema->txn_do(sub {
1020 my $rs = $schema->resultset('Book');
1021 while (my $row = $rs->next) {
1022 $schema->resultset('MetaData')->create({
1023 book_id => $row->id,
1031 my $first_row = $large_rs->first;
1032 $schema->txn_do(sub { ... });
1034 Transactions done for inserts in C<AutoCommit> mode when placeholders are in use
1035 are not affected, as they are done on an extra database handle.
1041 =item * use L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Replicated>
1043 =item * L<connect|DBIx::Class::Schema/connect> another L<Schema|DBIx::Class::Schema>
1045 =item * load the data from your cursor with L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/all>
1049 =head1 MAXIMUM CONNECTIONS
1051 The TDS protocol makes separate connections to the server for active statements
1052 in the background. By default the number of such connections is limited to 25,
1053 on both the client side and the server side.
1055 This is a bit too low for a complex L<DBIx::Class> application, so on connection
1056 the client side setting is set to C<256> (see L<DBD::Sybase/maxConnect>.) You
1057 can override it to whatever setting you like in the DSN.
1060 L<http://infocenter.sybase.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.sybase.help.ase_15.0.sag1/html/sag1/sag1272.htm>
1061 for information on changing the setting on the server side.
1065 See L</connect_call_datetime_setup> to setup date formats
1066 for L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>.
1068 =head1 TEXT/IMAGE COLUMNS
1070 L<DBD::Sybase> compiled with FreeTDS will B<NOT> allow you to insert or update
1071 C<TEXT/IMAGE> columns.
1073 Setting C<< $dbh->{LongReadLen} >> will also not work with FreeTDS use either:
1075 $schema->storage->dbh->do("SET TEXTSIZE $bytes");
1079 $schema->storage->set_textsize($bytes);
1083 However, the C<LongReadLen> you pass in
1084 L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> is used to execute the
1085 equivalent C<SET TEXTSIZE> command on connection.
1087 See L</connect_call_blob_setup> for a
1088 L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> setting you need to work
1089 with C<IMAGE> columns.
1093 The experimental L<DBD::Sybase> Bulk API support is used for
1094 L<populate|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/populate> in B<void> context, in a transaction
1095 on a separate connection.
1097 To use this feature effectively, use a large number of rows for each
1098 L<populate|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/populate> call, eg.:
1100 while (my $rows = $data_source->get_100_rows()) {
1101 $rs->populate($rows);
1104 B<NOTE:> the L<add_columns|DBIx::Class::ResultSource/add_columns>
1105 calls in your C<Result> classes B<must> list columns in database order for this
1106 to work. Also, you may have to unset the C<LANG> environment variable before
1107 loading your app, if it doesn't match the character set of your database.
1109 When inserting IMAGE columns using this method, you'll need to use
1110 L</connect_call_blob_setup> as well.
1112 =head1 COMPUTED COLUMNS
1114 If you have columns such as:
1116 created_dtm AS getdate()
1118 represent them in your Result classes as:
1122 default_value => \'getdate()',
1126 The C<data_type> must exist and must be C<undef>. Then empty inserts will work
1127 on tables with such columns.
1129 =head1 TIMESTAMP COLUMNS
1131 C<timestamp> columns in Sybase ASE are not really timestamps, see:
1132 L<http://dba.fyicenter.com/Interview-Questions/SYBASE/The_timestamp_datatype_in_Sybase_.html>.
1134 They should be defined in your Result classes as:
1137 data_type => 'timestamp',
1139 inflate_datetime => 0,
1142 The C<<inflate_datetime => 0>> is necessary if you use
1143 L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>, and most people do, and still want to
1144 be able to read these values.
1146 The values will come back as hexadecimal.
1154 Transitions to AutoCommit=0 (starting a transaction) mode by exhausting
1155 any active cursors, using eager cursors.
1159 Real limits and limited counts using stored procedures deployed on startup.
1163 Adaptive Server Anywhere (ASA) support
1167 Blob update with a LIKE query on a blob, without invalidating the WHERE condition.
1171 bulk_insert using prepare_cached (see comments.)
1177 See L<DBIx::Class/CONTRIBUTORS>.
1181 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.