=head3 Install
-Installation of Catalyst can be a time-consuming effort, due to its
-large number of dependencies. Although most of the frustrations
-associated with this are now ironed out and a simple C<cpan
-Catalyst::Devel> or C<cpan Catalyst::Runtime> are now usually
-straightforward, if you still have problems, you can use use Matt
-Trout's C<cat-install> script, from
-L<http://www.shadowcatsystems.co.uk/static/cat-install>, and then
-install L<Catalyst::Devel>.
-
- # perl cat-install
+Installation of Catalyst should be straightforward:
+
+ # perl -MCPAN -e 'install Catalyst::Runtime'
# perl -MCPAN -e 'install Catalyst::Devel'
=head3 Setup
many L</Models>, L</Views>, and L</Controllers> as you like. As discussed
previously, the general idea is that the View is responsible for the
output of data to the user (typically via a web browser, but a View can
-also generate PDFs or e-mails, for example); the Model is responsible
+also generate PDFs or e-mails, for example); the Model is responsible
for providing data (typically from a relational database); and the
Controller is responsible for interacting with the user and deciding
how user input determines what actions the application takes.
In the world of MVC, there are frequent discussions and disagreements
about the nature of each element - whether certain types of logic
belong in the Model or the Controller, etc. Catalyst's flexibility
-means that this decision is entirely up to you, the programmer;
+means that this decision is entirely up to you, the programmer;
Catalyst doesn't enforce anything. See L<Catalyst::Manual::About> for
a general discussion of these issues.
common class methods like C<config> and C<new> (constructor).
package MyApp::Controller::Catalog;
+ use Moose;
+ use namespace::autoclean;
- use strict;
- use base 'Catalyst::Controller';
+ BEGIN { extends 'Catalyst::Controller' }
__PACKAGE__->config( foo => 'bar' );
=over 4
-=item * B<MyApp/Model/>
+=item * B<MyApp/Model/>
=item * B<MyApp/M/>
In older versions of Catalyst, the recommended practice (and the one
automatically created by helper scripts) was to name the directories
-C<M/>, C<V/>, and C<C/>. Though these still work, we now recommend
-the use of the full names.
+C<M/>, C<V/>, and C<C/>. Though these still work, they are deprecated
+and we now recommend the use of the full names.
=head4 Views
sub view : Global {
my ( $self, $c, $id ) = @_;
-
+
$c->stash->{item} = $c->model('MyModel::Foo')->find($id);
}
1;
-
+
sub end : Private {
my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
-
+
$c->stash->{template} ||= 'index.tt';
$c->forward( $c->view('TT') );
}
# in a Controller
sub list : Local {
my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
-
+
$c->stash->{template} = 'list.tt';
-
+
use Some::Outside::Database::Module;
my @records = Some::Outside::Database::Module->search({
artist => 'Led Zeppelin',
});
-
+
$c->stash->{records} = \@records;
}
=item * Namespace-prefixed (C<:Local>)
- package MyApp::Controller::My::Controller;
+ package MyApp::Controller::My::Controller;
sub foo : Local { }
Matches any URL beginning with> http://localhost:3000/my/controller/foo. The namespace and
sub foo : Global { }
Matches http://localhost:3000/foo - that is, the action is mapped
-directly to the controller namespace, ignoring the function name.
+directly to the controller namespace, ignoring the function name.
C<:Global> is equivalent C<:Local> one level higher in
-the namespace.
+the namespace.
package MyApp::Controller::Root;
__PACKAGE__->config->{namespace}='';
to only match URLs starting /foo/bar/* - with one additional path
element required after 'bar'.
-NOTE that adding C<:Args(0)> and missing out :Args completely are B<not>
+NOTE that adding C<:Args(0)> and missing out :Args completely are B<not>
the same thing.
-C<:Args(0)> means that no arguments are taken. Thus, the URL and path must
+C<:Args(0)> means that no arguments are taken. Thus, the URL and path must
match precisely.
-No :Args at all means that B<any number> of arguments are taken. Thus, any
+No :Args at all means that B<any number> of arguments are taken. Thus, any
URL that B<starts with> the controller's path will match.
Actions with the C<:Local> attribute are similarly equivalent to
C<:Path('action_name')>:
- sub foo : Local { }
+ sub foo : Local { }
-is equivalent to
+is equivalent to
sub foo : Path('foo') { }
=item * Pattern-match (C<:Regex> and C<:LocalRegex>)
-
+
package MyApp::Controller::My::Controller;
sub bar : Regex('^item(\d+)/order(\d+)$') { }
that URL.
B<Note:> Looking at it another way, C<auto> actions have to return a
-true value to continue processing!
+true value to continue processing!
=head4 URL Path Handling
So Catalyst would never mistakenly dispatch the first two URLs to the
'^foo$' action.
-If a Regex or LocalRegex action doesn't use the '$' anchor, the action will
-still match a URL containing arguments; however the arguments won't be
+If a Regex or LocalRegex action doesn't use the '$' anchor, the action will
+still match a URL containing arguments; however the arguments won't be
available via C<@_>, because the Regex will 'eat' them.
Beware! If you write two matchers, that match the same path, with the
my $current_page = $c->req->param('page') || 1;
# multiple values for single parameter name
- my @values = $c->req->param('scrolling_list');
+ my @values = $c->req->param('scrolling_list');
# DFV requires a CGI.pm-like input hash
my $results = Data::FormValidator->check($c->req->params, \%dfv_profile);
# now $c->req->args is back to what it was before
}
- sub check_message : Private {
- my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
- my $first_argument = $c->req->args->[0]; # now = 'test1'
+ sub check_message : Action {
+ my ( $self, $c, $first_argument ) = @_;
+ my $also_first_argument = $c->req->args->[0]; # now = 'test1'
# do something...
}
$c->forward('/my/controller/action');
$c->forward('/default'); # calls default in main application
-Here are some examples of how to forward to classes and methods.
+You can also forward to classes and methods.
sub hello : Global {
my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
- $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::Hello say_hello/);
+ $c->forward(qw/MyApp::View:Hello say_hello/);
}
sub bye : Global {
$c->forward('MyApp::Model::Hello'); # no method: will try 'process'
}
- package MyApp::Model::Hello;
+ package MyApp::View::Hello;
sub say_hello {
my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
$c->res->body('Goodbye World!');
}
+This mechanism is used by L<Catalyst::Action::RenderView> to forward
+to the C<process> method in a view class.
+
+It should be noted that whilst forward is useful, it is not the only way
+of calling other code in Catalyst. Forward just gives you stats in the debug
+screen, wraps the code you're calling in an exception handler and localises
+C<< $c->request->args >>.
+
+If you don't want or need these features then it's perfectly acceptable
+(and faster) to do something like this:
+
+ sub hello : Global {
+ my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
+ $c->stash->{message} = 'Hello World!';
+ $self->check_message( $c, 'test1' );
+ }
+
+ sub check_message {
+ my ( $self, $c, $first_argument ) = @_;
+ # do something...
+ }
+
Note that C<forward> returns to the calling action and continues
processing after the action finishes. If you want all further processing
in the calling action to stop, use C<detach> instead, which will execute
Catalyst will automatically try to call process() if you omit the
method.
-
=head3 Testing
Catalyst has a built-in http server for testing or local
http://dev.catalystframework.org/wiki/faq
-=head1 AUTHOR
+=head1 AUTHORS
-Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
-David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
-Marcus Ramberg, C<mramberg@cpan.org>
-Jesse Sheidlower, C<jester@panix.com>
-Danijel Milicevic, C<me@danijel.de>
-Kieren Diment, C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
-Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
+Catalyst Contributors, see Catalyst.pm
=head1 COPYRIGHT
-This program is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it
-under the same terms as Perl itself.
+This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+=cut
projects / catagits/Catalyst-Manual.git / blobdiff