(travis) Adjust test infrastructure for recent extensive TravisCI changes

(travis) Adjust test infrastructure for recent extensive TravisCI changes

I mean who does that?!?!
https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/ci-environment/#Virtualization-environments

This is an initial pass to get things moving again, one more overhaul needs to
take place based on 7f6d73eb. For now just make sure we run under both sudo
and non-sudo, and be explicit which platform are we running on.

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