2 package Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
8 use List::MoreUtils qw( all );
9 use Scalar::Util qw( blessed reftype );
12 our $VERSION = '0.71';
13 $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
14 our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN';
16 ## --------------------------------------------------------
17 # Prototyped subs must be predeclared because we have a
18 # circular dependency with Moose::Meta::Attribute et. al.
19 # so in case of us being use'd first the predeclaration
20 # ensures the prototypes are in scope when consumers are
29 ## --------------------------------------------------------
31 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint;
32 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Union;
33 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterized;
34 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable;
35 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Class;
36 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Role;
37 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Enum;
38 use Moose::Meta::TypeCoercion;
39 use Moose::Meta::TypeCoercion::Union;
40 use Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Registry;
41 use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints;
43 Moose::Exporter->setup_import_methods(
46 type subtype class_type role_type maybe_type
47 as where message optimize_as
51 register_type_constraint )
56 ## --------------------------------------------------------
57 ## type registry and some useful functions for it
58 ## --------------------------------------------------------
60 my $REGISTRY = Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Registry->new;
62 sub get_type_constraint_registry { $REGISTRY }
63 sub list_all_type_constraints { keys %{$REGISTRY->type_constraints} }
64 sub export_type_constraints_as_functions {
67 foreach my $constraint (keys %{$REGISTRY->type_constraints}) {
68 my $tc = $REGISTRY->get_type_constraint($constraint)->_compiled_type_constraint;
69 *{"${pkg}::${constraint}"} = sub { $tc->($_[0]) ? 1 : undef }; # the undef is for compat
73 sub create_type_constraint_union {
74 my @type_constraint_names;
76 if (scalar @_ == 1 && _detect_type_constraint_union($_[0])) {
77 @type_constraint_names = _parse_type_constraint_union($_[0]);
80 @type_constraint_names = @_;
83 (scalar @type_constraint_names >= 2)
84 || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("You must pass in at least 2 type names to make a union");
86 my @type_constraints = map {
87 find_or_parse_type_constraint($_) ||
88 __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Could not locate type constraint ($_) for the union");
89 } @type_constraint_names;
91 return Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Union->new(
92 type_constraints => \@type_constraints
96 sub create_parameterized_type_constraint {
97 my $type_constraint_name = shift;
98 my ($base_type, $type_parameter) = _parse_parameterized_type_constraint($type_constraint_name);
100 (defined $base_type && defined $type_parameter)
101 || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Could not parse type name ($type_constraint_name) correctly");
103 if ($REGISTRY->has_type_constraint($base_type)) {
104 my $base_type_tc = $REGISTRY->get_type_constraint($base_type);
105 return _create_parameterized_type_constraint(
110 __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Could not locate the base type ($base_type)");
114 sub _create_parameterized_type_constraint {
115 my ( $base_type_tc, $type_parameter ) = @_;
116 if ( $base_type_tc->can('parameterize') ) {
117 return $base_type_tc->parameterize($type_parameter);
119 return Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterized->new(
120 name => $base_type_tc->name . '[' . $type_parameter . ']',
121 parent => $base_type_tc,
122 type_parameter => find_or_create_isa_type_constraint($type_parameter),
127 #should we also support optimized checks?
128 sub create_class_type_constraint {
129 my ( $class, $options ) = @_;
131 # too early for this check
132 #find_type_constraint("ClassName")->check($class)
133 # || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Can't create a class type constraint because '$class' is not a class name");
141 $options{name} ||= "__ANON__";
143 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Class->new( %options );
146 sub create_role_type_constraint {
147 my ( $role, $options ) = @_;
149 # too early for this check
150 #find_type_constraint("ClassName")->check($class)
151 # || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Can't create a class type constraint because '$class' is not a class name");
159 $options{name} ||= "__ANON__";
161 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Role->new( %options );
165 sub find_or_create_type_constraint {
166 my ( $type_constraint_name, $options_for_anon_type ) = @_;
168 if ( my $constraint = find_or_parse_type_constraint($type_constraint_name) ) {
171 elsif ( defined $options_for_anon_type ) {
173 # if there is no $options_for_anon_type
174 # specified, then we assume they don't
175 # want to create one, and return nothing.
177 # otherwise assume that we should create
178 # an ANON type with the $options_for_anon_type
179 # options which can be passed in. It should
180 # be noted that these don't get registered
181 # so we need to return it.
183 return Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint->new(
185 %{$options_for_anon_type}
192 sub find_or_create_isa_type_constraint {
193 my $type_constraint_name = shift;
194 find_or_parse_type_constraint($type_constraint_name) || create_class_type_constraint($type_constraint_name)
197 sub find_or_create_does_type_constraint {
198 my $type_constraint_name = shift;
199 find_or_parse_type_constraint($type_constraint_name) || create_role_type_constraint($type_constraint_name)
202 sub find_or_parse_type_constraint {
203 my $type_constraint_name = normalize_type_constraint_name(shift);
206 if ($constraint = find_type_constraint($type_constraint_name)) {
208 } elsif (_detect_type_constraint_union($type_constraint_name)) {
209 $constraint = create_type_constraint_union($type_constraint_name);
210 } elsif (_detect_parameterized_type_constraint($type_constraint_name)) {
211 $constraint = create_parameterized_type_constraint($type_constraint_name);
216 $REGISTRY->add_type_constraint($constraint);
220 sub normalize_type_constraint_name {
221 my $type_constraint_name = shift;
222 $type_constraint_name =~ s/\s//g;
223 return $type_constraint_name;
229 local $Carp::CarpLevel = $Carp::CarpLevel + 1;
230 Carp::confess($error);
233 ## --------------------------------------------------------
234 ## exported functions ...
235 ## --------------------------------------------------------
237 sub find_type_constraint {
240 if ( blessed $type and $type->isa("Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint") ) {
244 return unless $REGISTRY->has_type_constraint($type);
245 return $REGISTRY->get_type_constraint($type);
249 sub register_type_constraint {
250 my $constraint = shift;
251 __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("can't register an unnamed type constraint") unless defined $constraint->name;
252 $REGISTRY->add_type_constraint($constraint);
259 if ( all { ( reftype($_) || '' ) eq 'CODE' || ! ref $_ } @_ ) {
260 # back-compat version, called without sugar
261 _create_type_constraint( $_[0], undef, $_[1] );
266 my %p = map { %{$_} } @_;
268 _create_type_constraint( $name, undef, $p{check}, $p{message}, $p{optimized} );
273 # crazy back-compat code for being called without sugar ...
275 # subtype 'Parent', sub { where };
276 if ( scalar @_ == 2 && ( reftype( $_[1] ) || '' ) eq 'CODE' ) {
277 return _create_type_constraint( undef, @_ );
280 # subtype 'Parent', sub { where }, sub { message };
281 # subtype 'Parent', sub { where }, sub { message }, sub { optimized };
282 if ( scalar @_ >= 3 && all { ( reftype($_) || '' ) eq 'CODE' }
284 return _create_type_constraint( undef, @_ );
287 # subtype 'Name', 'Parent', ...
288 if ( scalar @_ >= 2 && all { !ref } @_[ 0, 1 ] ) {
289 return _create_type_constraint(@_);
292 my $name = ref $_[0] ? undef : shift;
294 my %p = map { %{$_} } @_;
296 # subtype Str => where { ... };
297 if ( ! exists $p{parent} ) {
302 _create_type_constraint( $name, $p{parent}, $p{check}, $p{message}, $p{optimized} );
306 register_type_constraint(
307 create_class_type_constraint(
309 ( defined($_[1]) ? $_[1] : () ),
314 sub role_type ($;$) {
315 register_type_constraint(
316 create_role_type_constraint(
318 ( defined($_[1]) ? $_[1] : () ),
324 my ($type_parameter) = @_;
326 register_type_constraint(
327 $REGISTRY->get_type_constraint('Maybe')->parameterize($type_parameter)
332 my ($type_name, @coercion_map) = @_;
333 _install_type_coercions($type_name, \@coercion_map);
336 sub as ($) { { parent => $_[0] } }
337 sub where (&) { { check => $_[0] } }
338 sub message (&) { { message => $_[0] } }
339 sub optimize_as (&) { { optimized => $_[0] } }
342 sub via (&) { $_[0] }
345 my ($type_name, @values) = @_;
347 # if only an array-ref is passed then
348 # you get an anon-enum
350 if (ref $type_name eq 'ARRAY' && !@values) {
351 @values = @$type_name;
354 (scalar @values >= 2)
355 || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("You must have at least two values to enumerate through");
356 my %valid = map { $_ => 1 } @values;
358 register_type_constraint(
359 create_enum_type_constraint(
366 sub create_enum_type_constraint {
367 my ( $type_name, $values ) = @_;
369 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Enum->new(
370 name => $type_name || '__ANON__',
375 ## --------------------------------------------------------
376 ## desugaring functions ...
377 ## --------------------------------------------------------
379 sub _create_type_constraint ($$$;$$) {
384 my $optimized = shift;
386 my $pkg_defined_in = scalar( caller(1) );
388 if ( defined $name ) {
389 my $type = $REGISTRY->get_type_constraint($name);
391 ( $type->_package_defined_in eq $pkg_defined_in )
393 "The type constraint '$name' has already been created in "
394 . $type->_package_defined_in
395 . " and cannot be created again in "
399 $name =~ /^[\w:\.]+$/
400 or die qq{$name contains invalid characters for a type name.}
401 . qq{ Names can contain alphanumeric character, ":", and "."\n};
406 package_defined_in => $pkg_defined_in,
408 ( $check ? ( constraint => $check ) : () ),
409 ( $message ? ( message => $message ) : () ),
410 ( $optimized ? ( optimized => $optimized ) : () ),
416 = blessed $parent ? $parent : find_or_create_isa_type_constraint($parent) )
418 $constraint = $parent->create_child_type(%opts);
421 $constraint = Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint->new(%opts);
424 $REGISTRY->add_type_constraint($constraint)
430 sub _install_type_coercions ($$) {
431 my ($type_name, $coercion_map) = @_;
432 my $type = find_type_constraint($type_name);
434 || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Cannot find type '$type_name', perhaps you forgot to load it.");
435 if ($type->has_coercion) {
436 $type->coercion->add_type_coercions(@$coercion_map);
439 my $type_coercion = Moose::Meta::TypeCoercion->new(
440 type_coercion_map => $coercion_map,
441 type_constraint => $type
443 $type->coercion($type_coercion);
447 ## --------------------------------------------------------
448 ## type notation parsing ...
449 ## --------------------------------------------------------
452 # All I have to say is mugwump++ cause I know
453 # do not even have enough regexp-fu to be able
454 # to have written this (I can only barely
455 # understand it as it is)
460 my $valid_chars = qr{[\w:\.]};
461 my $type_atom = qr{ $valid_chars+ };
465 my $type = qr{ $valid_chars+ (?: \[ \s* (??{$any}) \s* \] )? }x;
466 my $type_capture_parts = qr{ ($valid_chars+) (?: \[ \s* ((??{$any})) \s* \] )? }x;
467 my $type_with_parameter = qr{ $valid_chars+ \[ \s* (??{$any}) \s* \] }x;
469 my $op_union = qr{ \s* \| \s* }x;
470 my $union = qr{ $type (?: $op_union $type )+ }x;
472 $any = qr{ $type | $union }x;
474 sub _parse_parameterized_type_constraint {
475 { no warnings 'void'; $any; } # force capture of interpolated lexical
476 $_[0] =~ m{ $type_capture_parts }x;
480 sub _detect_parameterized_type_constraint {
481 { no warnings 'void'; $any; } # force capture of interpolated lexical
482 $_[0] =~ m{ ^ $type_with_parameter $ }x;
485 sub _parse_type_constraint_union {
486 { no warnings 'void'; $any; } # force capture of interpolated lexical
489 while ( $given =~ m{ \G (?: $op_union )? ($type) }gcx ) {
492 (pos($given) eq length($given))
493 || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("'$given' didn't parse (parse-pos="
501 sub _detect_type_constraint_union {
502 { no warnings 'void'; $any; } # force capture of interpolated lexical
503 $_[0] =~ m{^ $type $op_union $type ( $op_union .* )? $}x;
507 ## --------------------------------------------------------
508 # define some basic built-in types
509 ## --------------------------------------------------------
511 # By making these classes immutable before creating all the types we
512 # below, we avoid repeatedly calling the slow MOP-based accessors.
514 inline_constructor => 1,
515 constructor_name => "_new",
517 # these are Class::MOP accessors, so they need inlining
518 inline_accessors => 1
519 ) for grep { $_->is_mutable }
522 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint
523 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Union
524 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterized
525 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable
526 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Class
527 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Role
528 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Enum
529 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Registry
532 type 'Any' => where { 1 }; # meta-type including all
533 type 'Item' => where { 1 }; # base-type
535 subtype 'Undef' => as 'Item' => where { !defined($_) };
536 subtype 'Defined' => as 'Item' => where { defined($_) };
540 => where { !defined($_) || $_ eq "" || "$_" eq '1' || "$_" eq '0' };
544 => where { !ref($_) }
545 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Value;
550 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Ref;
555 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Str;
559 => where { Scalar::Util::looks_like_number($_) }
560 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Num;
564 => where { "$_" =~ /^-?[0-9]+$/ }
565 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Int;
567 subtype 'ScalarRef' => as 'Ref' => where { ref($_) eq 'SCALAR' } => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::ScalarRef;
568 subtype 'CodeRef' => as 'Ref' => where { ref($_) eq 'CODE' } => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::CodeRef;
569 subtype 'RegexpRef' => as 'Ref' => where { ref($_) eq 'Regexp' } => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::RegexpRef;
570 subtype 'GlobRef' => as 'Ref' => where { ref($_) eq 'GLOB' } => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::GlobRef;
573 # scalar filehandles are GLOB refs,
574 # but a GLOB ref is not always a filehandle
577 => where { Scalar::Util::openhandle($_) || ( blessed($_) && $_->isa("IO::Handle") ) }
578 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::FileHandle;
581 # blessed(qr/.../) returns true,.. how odd
584 => where { blessed($_) && blessed($_) ne 'Regexp' }
585 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Object;
589 => where { $_->can('does') }
590 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::Role;
592 my $_class_name_checker = sub {};
596 => where { Class::MOP::is_class_loaded($_) }
597 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::ClassName;
601 => where { (($_->can('meta') || return)->($_) || return)->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
602 => optimize_as \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::RoleName; ;
604 ## --------------------------------------------------------
605 # parameterizable types ...
607 $REGISTRY->add_type_constraint(
608 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable->new(
610 package_defined_in => __PACKAGE__,
611 parent => find_type_constraint('Ref'),
612 constraint => sub { ref($_) eq 'ARRAY' },
613 optimized => \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::ArrayRef,
614 constraint_generator => sub {
615 my $type_parameter = shift;
616 my $check = $type_parameter->_compiled_type_constraint;
618 foreach my $x (@$_) {
619 ($check->($x)) || return
626 $REGISTRY->add_type_constraint(
627 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable->new(
629 package_defined_in => __PACKAGE__,
630 parent => find_type_constraint('Ref'),
631 constraint => sub { ref($_) eq 'HASH' },
632 optimized => \&Moose::Util::TypeConstraints::OptimizedConstraints::HashRef,
633 constraint_generator => sub {
634 my $type_parameter = shift;
635 my $check = $type_parameter->_compiled_type_constraint;
637 foreach my $x (values %$_) {
638 ($check->($x)) || return
645 $REGISTRY->add_type_constraint(
646 Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable->new(
648 package_defined_in => __PACKAGE__,
649 parent => find_type_constraint('Item'),
650 constraint => sub { 1 },
651 constraint_generator => sub {
652 my $type_parameter = shift;
653 my $check = $type_parameter->_compiled_type_constraint;
655 return 1 if not(defined($_)) || $check->($_);
662 my @PARAMETERIZABLE_TYPES = map {
663 $REGISTRY->get_type_constraint($_)
664 } qw[ArrayRef HashRef Maybe];
666 sub get_all_parameterizable_types { @PARAMETERIZABLE_TYPES }
667 sub add_parameterizable_type {
669 (blessed $type && $type->isa('Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable'))
670 || __PACKAGE__->_throw_error("Type must be a Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterizable not $type");
671 push @PARAMETERIZABLE_TYPES => $type;
674 ## --------------------------------------------------------
675 # end of built-in types ...
676 ## --------------------------------------------------------
679 my @BUILTINS = list_all_type_constraints();
680 sub list_all_builtin_type_constraints { @BUILTINS }
687 goto &Moose::throw_error;
698 Moose::Util::TypeConstraints - Type constraint system for Moose
702 use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
704 type 'Num' => where { Scalar::Util::looks_like_number($_) };
710 subtype 'NaturalLessThanTen'
713 => message { "This number ($_) is not less than ten!" };
719 enum 'RGBColors' => qw(red green blue);
723 This module provides Moose with the ability to create custom type
724 constraints to be used in attribute definition.
726 =head2 Important Caveat
728 This is B<NOT> a type system for Perl 5. These are type constraints,
729 and they are not used by Moose unless you tell it to. No type
730 inference is performed, expression are not typed, etc. etc. etc.
732 This is simply a means of creating small constraint functions which
733 can be used to simplify your own type-checking code, with the added
734 side benefit of making your intentions clearer through self-documentation.
736 =head2 Slightly Less Important Caveat
738 It is B<always> a good idea to quote your type and subtype names.
740 This is to prevent perl from trying to execute the call as an indirect
741 object call. This issue only seems to come up when you have a subtype
742 the same name as a valid class, but when the issue does arise it tends
743 to be quite annoying to debug.
745 So for instance, this:
747 subtype DateTime => as Object => where { $_->isa('DateTime') };
749 will I<Just Work>, while this:
752 subtype DateTime => as Object => where { $_->isa('DateTime') };
754 will fail silently and cause many headaches. The simple way to solve
755 this, as well as future proof your subtypes from classes which have
756 yet to have been created yet, is to simply do this:
759 subtype 'DateTime' => as 'Object' => where { $_->isa('DateTime') };
761 =head2 Default Type Constraints
763 This module also provides a simple hierarchy for Perl 5 types, here is
764 that hierarchy represented visually.
789 B<NOTE:> Any type followed by a type parameter C<[`a]> can be
790 parameterized, this means you can say:
792 ArrayRef[Int] # an array of integers
793 HashRef[CodeRef] # a hash of str to CODE ref mappings
794 Maybe[Str] # value may be a string, may be undefined
796 If Moose finds a name in brackets that it does not recognize as an
797 existing type, it assumes that this is a class name, for example
798 C<ArrayRef[DateTime]>.
800 B<NOTE:> Unless you parameterize a type, then it is invalid to
801 include the square brackets. I.e. C<ArrayRef[]> will be
802 literally interpreted as a type name.
804 B<NOTE:> The C<Undef> type constraint for the most part works
805 correctly now, but edge cases may still exist, please use it
808 B<NOTE:> The C<ClassName> type constraint does a complex package
809 existence check. This means that your class B<must> be loaded for
810 this type constraint to pass. I know this is not ideal for all,
811 but it is a saner restriction than most others.
813 B<NOTE:> The C<RoleName> constraint checks a string is I<package name>
814 which is a role, like C<'MyApp::Role::Comparable'>. The C<Role>
815 constraint checks that an I<object> does the named role.
817 =head2 Type Constraint Naming
819 Type name declared via this module can only contain alphanumeric
820 characters, colons (:), and periods (.).
822 Since the types created by this module are global, it is suggested
823 that you namespace your types just as you would namespace your
824 modules. So instead of creating a I<Color> type for your B<My::Graphics>
825 module, you would call the type I<My.Graphics.Color> instead.
827 =head2 Use with Other Constraint Modules
829 This module should play fairly nicely with other constraint
830 modules with only some slight tweaking. The C<where> clause
831 in types is expected to be a C<CODE> reference which checks
832 it's first argument and returns a boolean. Since most constraint
833 modules work in a similar way, it should be simple to adapt
834 them to work with Moose.
836 For instance, this is how you could use it with
837 L<Declare::Constraints::Simple> to declare a completely new type.
839 type 'HashOfArrayOfObjects'
842 -values => IsArrayRef( IsObject ));
844 For more examples see the F<t/200_examples/204_example_w_DCS.t>
847 Here is an example of using L<Test::Deep> and it's non-test
848 related C<eq_deeply> function.
850 type 'ArrayOfHashOfBarsAndRandomNumbers'
853 array_each(subhashof({
855 random_number => ignore()
859 For a complete example see the
860 F<t/200_examples/205_example_w_TestDeep.t> test file.
864 =head2 Type Constraint Constructors
866 The following functions are used to create type constraints.
867 They will then register the type constraints in a global store
868 where Moose can get to them if it needs to.
870 See the L<SYNOPSIS> for an example of how to use these.
874 =item B<type 'Name' => where { } ... >
876 This creates a base type, which has no parent.
878 Note that calling C<type> I<without> the sugar helpers (C<where>,
879 C<message>, etc), is deprecated.
881 =item B<subtype 'Name' => as 'Parent' => where { } ...>
883 This creates a named subtype.
885 If you provide a parent that Moose does not recognize, it will
886 automatically create a new class type constraint for this name.
888 Note that calling C<subtype> I<without> the sugar helpers (C<where>,
889 C<message>, etc), is deprecated.
891 =item B<subtype as 'Parent' => where { } ...>
893 This creates an unnamed subtype and will return the type
894 constraint meta-object, which will be an instance of
895 L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint>.
897 =item B<class_type ($class, ?$options)>
899 Creates a new subtype of C<Object> with the name C<$class> and the
900 metaclass L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Class>.
902 =item B<role_type ($role, ?$options)>
904 Creates a C<Role> type constraint with the name C<$role> and the
905 metaclass L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Role>.
907 =item B<maybe_type ($type)>
909 Creates a type constraint for either C<undef> or something of the
912 =item B<enum ($name, @values)>
914 This will create a basic subtype for a given set of strings.
915 The resulting constraint will be a subtype of C<Str> and
916 will match any of the items in C<@values>. It is case sensitive.
917 See the L<SYNOPSIS> for a simple example.
919 B<NOTE:> This is not a true proper enum type, it is simply
920 a convenient constraint builder.
922 =item B<enum (\@values)>
924 If passed an ARRAY reference instead of the C<$name>, C<@values> pair,
925 this will create an unnamed enum. This can then be used in an attribute
928 has 'sort_order' => (
930 isa => enum([qw[ ascending descending ]]),
935 This is just sugar for the type constraint construction syntax.
939 This is just sugar for the type constraint construction syntax.
941 Takes a block/code ref as an argument. When the type constraint is
942 tested, the supplied code is run with the value to be tested in
943 $_. This block should return true or false to indicate whether or not
944 the constraint check passed.
948 This is just sugar for the type constraint construction syntax.
950 Takes a block/code ref as an argument. When the type constraint fails,
951 then the code block is run (with the value provided in $_). This code
952 ref should return a string, which will be used in the text of the
957 This can be used to define a "hand optimized" version of your
958 type constraint which can be used to avoid traversing a subtype
959 constraint hierarchy.
961 B<NOTE:> You should only use this if you know what you are doing,
962 all the built in types use this, so your subtypes (assuming they
963 are shallow) will not likely need to use this.
967 =head2 Type Coercion Constructors
969 Type constraints can also contain type coercions as well. If you
970 ask your accessor to coerce, then Moose will run the type-coercion
971 code first, followed by the type constraint check. This feature
972 should be used carefully as it is very powerful and could easily
973 take off a limb if you are not careful.
975 See the L<SYNOPSIS> for an example of how to use these.
983 This is just sugar for the type coercion construction syntax.
987 This is just sugar for the type coercion construction syntax.
991 =head2 Type Constraint Construction & Locating
995 =item B<normalize_type_constraint_name ($type_constraint_name)>
997 Given a string that is expected to match a type constraint, will normalize the
998 string so that extra whitespace and newlines are removed.
1000 =item B<create_type_constraint_union ($pipe_separated_types | @type_constraint_names)>
1002 Given string with C<$pipe_separated_types> or a list of C<@type_constraint_names>,
1003 this will return a L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Union> instance.
1005 =item B<create_parameterized_type_constraint ($type_name)>
1007 Given a C<$type_name> in the form of:
1009 BaseType[ContainerType]
1011 this will extract the base type and container type and build an instance of
1012 L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Parameterized> for it.
1014 =item B<create_class_type_constraint ($class, ?$options)>
1016 Given a class name it will create a new L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Class>
1017 object for that class name.
1019 =item B<create_role_type_constraint ($role, ?$options)>
1021 Given a role name it will create a new L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Role>
1022 object for that role name.
1024 =item B<create_enum_type_constraint ($name, $values)>
1026 =item B<find_or_parse_type_constraint ($type_name)>
1028 This will attempt to find or create a type constraint given the a C<$type_name>.
1029 If it cannot find it in the registry, it will see if it should be a union or
1030 container type an create one if appropriate
1032 =item B<find_or_create_type_constraint ($type_name, ?$options_for_anon_type)>
1034 This function will first call C<find_or_parse_type_constraint> with the type name.
1036 If no type is found or created, but C<$options_for_anon_type> are provided, it
1037 will create the corresponding type.
1039 This was used by the C<does> and C<isa> parameters to L<Moose::Meta::Attribute>
1040 and are now superseded by C<find_or_create_isa_type_constraint> and
1041 C<find_or_create_does_type_constraint>.
1043 =item B<find_or_create_isa_type_constraint ($type_name)>
1045 =item B<find_or_create_does_type_constraint ($type_name)>
1047 Attempts to parse the type name using C<find_or_parse_type_constraint> and if
1048 no appropriate constraint is found will create a new anonymous one.
1050 The C<isa> variant will use C<create_class_type_constraint> and the C<does>
1051 variant will use C<create_role_type_constraint>.
1053 =item B<find_type_constraint ($type_name)>
1055 This function can be used to locate a specific type constraint
1056 meta-object, of the class L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint> or a
1057 derivative. What you do with it from there is up to you :)
1059 =item B<register_type_constraint ($type_object)>
1061 This function will register a named type constraint with the type registry.
1063 =item B<get_type_constraint_registry>
1065 Fetch the L<Moose::Meta::TypeConstraint::Registry> object which
1066 keeps track of all type constraints.
1068 =item B<list_all_type_constraints>
1070 This will return a list of type constraint names, you can then
1071 fetch them using C<find_type_constraint ($type_name)> if you
1074 =item B<list_all_builtin_type_constraints>
1076 This will return a list of builtin type constraints, meaning,
1077 those which are defined in this module. See the section
1078 labeled L<Default Type Constraints> for a complete list.
1080 =item B<export_type_constraints_as_functions>
1082 This will export all the current type constraints as functions
1083 into the caller's namespace. Right now, this is mostly used for
1084 testing, but it might prove useful to others.
1086 =item B<get_all_parameterizable_types>
1088 This returns all the parameterizable types that have been registered.
1090 =item B<add_parameterizable_type ($type)>
1092 Adds C<$type> to the list of parameterizable types
1096 =head2 Namespace Management
1102 This will remove all the type constraint keywords from the
1103 calling class namespace.
1109 All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no
1110 exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug
1115 Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>
1117 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
1119 Copyright 2006-2009 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
1121 L<http://www.iinteractive.com>
1123 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
1124 it under the same terms as Perl itself.