1 package # Hide from PAUSE
2 DBIx::Class::Version::Table;
3 use base 'DBIx::Class::Core';
7 __PACKAGE__->table('dbix_class_schema_versions');
9 __PACKAGE__->add_columns
11 'data_type' => 'VARCHAR',
12 'is_auto_increment' => 0,
13 'default_value' => undef,
14 'is_foreign_key' => 0,
20 'data_type' => 'VARCHAR',
21 'is_auto_increment' => 0,
22 'default_value' => undef,
23 'is_foreign_key' => 0,
24 'name' => 'installed',
29 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('version');
31 package # Hide from PAUSE
32 DBIx::Class::Version::TableCompat;
33 use base 'DBIx::Class::Core';
34 __PACKAGE__->table('SchemaVersions');
36 __PACKAGE__->add_columns
38 'data_type' => 'VARCHAR',
41 'data_type' => 'VARCHAR',
44 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('Version');
46 package # Hide from PAUSE
48 use base 'DBIx::Class::Schema';
52 __PACKAGE__->register_class('Table', 'DBIx::Class::Version::Table');
54 package # Hide from PAUSE
55 DBIx::Class::VersionCompat;
56 use base 'DBIx::Class::Schema';
60 __PACKAGE__->register_class('TableCompat', 'DBIx::Class::Version::TableCompat');
63 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
67 DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned - DBIx::Class::Schema plugin for Schema upgrades
71 package MyApp::Schema;
72 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
76 # load MyApp::Schema::CD, MyApp::Schema::Book, MyApp::Schema::DVD
77 __PACKAGE__->load_classes(qw/CD Book DVD/);
79 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Schema::Versioned/);
80 __PACKAGE__->upgrade_directory('/path/to/upgrades/');
85 This module provides methods to apply DDL changes to your database using SQL
86 diff files. Normally these diff files would be created using
87 L<DBIx::Class::Schema/create_ddl_dir>.
89 A table called I<dbix_class_schema_versions> is created and maintained by the
90 module. This is used to determine which version your database is currently at.
91 Similarly the $VERSION in your DBIC schema class is used to determine the
92 current DBIC schema version.
94 The upgrade is initiated manually by calling C<upgrade> on your schema object,
95 this will attempt to upgrade the database from its current version to the current
96 schema version using a diff from your I<upgrade_directory>. If a suitable diff is
97 not found then no upgrade is possible.
101 L<DBIx::Class::DeploymentHandler> is a much more powerful alternative to this
102 module. Examples of things it can do that this module cannot do include
108 Downgrades in addition to upgrades
112 Multiple sql files files per upgrade/downgrade/install
116 Perl scripts allowed for upgrade/downgrade/install
120 Just one set of files needed for upgrade, unlike this module where one might
121 need to generate C<factorial(scalar @versions)>
125 =head1 GETTING STARTED
127 Firstly you need to setup your schema class as per the L</SYNOPSIS>, make sure
128 you have specified an upgrade_directory and an initial $VERSION.
130 Then you'll need two scripts, one to create DDL files and diffs and another to perform
131 upgrades. Your creation script might look like a bit like this:
138 my ( $preversion, $help );
140 'p|preversion:s' => \$preversion,
143 my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
148 my $sql_dir = './sql';
149 my $version = $schema->schema_version();
150 $schema->create_ddl_dir( 'MySQL', $version, $sql_dir, $preversion );
152 Then your upgrade script might look like so:
157 my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
163 if (!$schema->get_db_version()) {
164 # schema is unversioned
170 The script above assumes that if the database is unversioned then it is empty
171 and we can safely deploy the DDL to it. However things are not always so simple.
173 if you want to initialise a pre-existing database where the DDL is not the same
174 as the DDL for your current schema version then you will need a diff which
175 converts the database's DDL to the current DDL. The best way to do this is
176 to get a dump of the database schema (without data) and save that in your
177 SQL directory as version 0.000 (the filename must be as with
178 L<DBIx::Class::Schema/ddl_filename>) then create a diff using your create DDL
179 script given above from version 0.000 to the current version. Then hand check
180 and if necessary edit the resulting diff to ensure that it will apply. Once you have
181 done all that you can do this:
183 if (!$schema->get_db_version()) {
184 # schema is unversioned
185 $schema->install("0.000");
188 # this will now apply the 0.000 to current version diff
191 In the case of an unversioned database the above code will create the
192 dbix_class_schema_versions table and write version 0.000 to it, then
193 upgrade will then apply the diff we talked about creating in the previous paragraph
194 and then you're good to go.
198 package DBIx::Class::Schema::Versioned;
202 use base 'DBIx::Class::Schema';
204 use DBIx::Class::Carp;
205 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday/;
207 use namespace::clean;
209 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('_filedata');
210 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('upgrade_directory');
211 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('backup_directory');
212 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('do_backup');
213 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('do_diff_on_init');
218 =head2 upgrade_directory
220 Use this to set the directory your upgrade files are stored in.
222 =head2 backup_directory
224 Use this to set the directory you want your backups stored in (note that backups
225 are disabled by default).
233 =item Arguments: $db_version
237 Call this to initialise a previously unversioned database. The table 'dbix_class_schema_versions' will be created which will be used to store the database version.
239 Takes one argument which should be the version that the database is currently at. Defaults to the return value of L</schema_version>.
241 See L</getting_started> for more details.
247 my ($self, $new_version) = @_;
249 # must be called on a fresh database
250 if ($self->get_db_version()) {
251 $self->throw_exception("A versioned schema has already been deployed, try upgrade instead.\n");
254 # default to current version if none passed
255 $new_version ||= $self->schema_version();
258 # create versions table and version row
259 $self->{vschema}->deploy;
260 $self->_set_db_version({ version => $new_version });
266 Same as L<DBIx::Class::Schema/deploy> but also calls C<install>.
272 $self->next::method(@_);
276 =head2 create_upgrade_path
280 =item Arguments: { upgrade_file => $file }
284 Virtual method that should be overridden to create an upgrade file.
285 This is useful in the case of upgrading across multiple versions
286 to concatenate several files to create one upgrade file.
288 You'll probably want the db_version retrieved via $self->get_db_version
289 and the schema_version which is retrieved via $self->schema_version
293 sub create_upgrade_path {
294 ## override this method
297 =head2 ordered_schema_versions
301 =item Returns: a list of version numbers, ordered from lowest to highest
305 Virtual method that should be overridden to return an ordered list
306 of schema versions. This is then used to produce a set of steps to
307 upgrade through to achieve the required schema version.
309 You may want the db_version retrieved via $self->get_db_version
310 and the schema_version which is retrieved via $self->schema_version
314 sub ordered_schema_versions {
315 ## override this method
320 Call this to attempt to upgrade your database from the version it
321 is at to the version this DBIC schema is at. If they are the same
324 It will call L</ordered_schema_versions> to retrieve an ordered
325 list of schema versions (if ordered_schema_versions returns nothing
326 then it is assumed you can do the upgrade as a single step). It
327 then iterates through the list of versions between the current db
328 version and the schema version applying one update at a time until
329 all relevant updates are applied.
331 The individual update steps are performed by using
332 L</upgrade_single_step>, which will apply the update and also
333 update the dbix_class_schema_versions table.
339 my $db_version = $self->get_db_version();
342 unless ($db_version) {
343 carp 'Upgrade not possible as database is unversioned. Please call install first.';
347 # db and schema at same version. do nothing
348 if ( $db_version eq $self->schema_version ) {
349 carp 'Upgrade not necessary';
353 my @version_list = $self->ordered_schema_versions;
355 # if nothing returned then we preload with min/max
356 @version_list = ( $db_version, $self->schema_version )
357 unless ( scalar(@version_list) );
359 # catch the case of someone returning an arrayref
360 @version_list = @{ $version_list[0] }
361 if ( ref( $version_list[0] ) eq 'ARRAY' );
363 # remove all versions in list above the required version
364 while ( scalar(@version_list)
365 && ( $version_list[-1] ne $self->schema_version ) )
370 # remove all versions in list below the current version
371 while ( scalar(@version_list) && ( $version_list[0] ne $db_version ) ) {
375 # check we have an appropriate list of versions
376 if ( scalar(@version_list) < 2 ) {
381 while ( scalar(@version_list) >= 2 ) {
382 $self->upgrade_single_step( $version_list[0], $version_list[1] );
387 =head2 upgrade_single_step
391 =item Arguments: db_version - the version currently within the db
393 =item Arguments: target_version - the version to upgrade to
397 Call this to attempt to upgrade your database from the
398 I<db_version> to the I<target_version>. If they are the same it
401 It requires an SQL diff file to exist in your I<upgrade_directory>,
402 normally you will have created this using L<DBIx::Class::Schema/create_ddl_dir>.
404 If successful the dbix_class_schema_versions table is updated with
405 the I<target_version>.
407 This method may be called repeatedly by the upgrade method to
408 upgrade through a series of updates.
412 sub upgrade_single_step
416 $target_version) = @_;
418 # db and schema at same version. do nothing
419 if ($db_version eq $target_version) {
420 carp 'Upgrade not necessary';
424 # strangely the first time this is called can
425 # differ to subsequent times. so we call it
428 $self->storage->sqlt_type;
430 my $upgrade_file = $self->ddl_filename(
431 $self->storage->sqlt_type,
433 $self->upgrade_directory,
437 $self->create_upgrade_path({ upgrade_file => $upgrade_file });
439 unless (-f $upgrade_file) {
440 carp "Upgrade not possible, no upgrade file found ($upgrade_file), please create one";
444 carp "DB version ($db_version) is lower than the schema version (".$self->schema_version."). Attempting upgrade.\n";
446 # backup if necessary then apply upgrade
447 $self->_filedata($self->_read_sql_file($upgrade_file));
448 $self->backup() if($self->do_backup);
449 $self->txn_do(sub { $self->do_upgrade() });
451 # set row in dbix_class_schema_versions table
452 $self->_set_db_version({version => $target_version});
457 This is an overwritable method used to run your upgrade. The freeform method
458 allows you to run your upgrade any way you please, you can call C<run_upgrade>
459 any number of times to run the actual SQL commands, and in between you can
460 sandwich your data upgrading. For example, first run all the B<CREATE>
461 commands, then migrate your data from old to new tables/formats, then
462 issue the DROP commands when you are finished. Will run the whole file as it is by default.
470 # just run all the commands (including inserts) in order
471 $self->run_upgrade(qr/.*?/);
476 $self->run_upgrade(qr/create/i);
478 Runs a set of SQL statements matching a passed in regular expression. The
479 idea is that this method can be called any number of times from your
480 C<do_upgrade> method, running whichever commands you specify via the
481 regex in the parameter. Probably won't work unless called from the overridable
488 my ($self, $stm) = @_;
490 return unless ($self->_filedata);
491 my @statements = grep { $_ =~ $stm } @{$self->_filedata};
492 $self->_filedata([ grep { $_ !~ /$stm/i } @{$self->_filedata} ]);
496 $self->storage->debugobj->query_start($_) if $self->storage->debug;
497 $self->apply_statement($_);
498 $self->storage->debugobj->query_end($_) if $self->storage->debug;
504 =head2 apply_statement
506 Takes an SQL statement and runs it. Override this if you want to handle errors
511 sub apply_statement {
512 my ($self, $statement) = @_;
514 $self->storage->dbh->do($_) or carp "SQL was: $_";
517 =head2 get_db_version
519 Returns the version that your database is currently at. This is determined by the values in the
520 dbix_class_schema_versions table that C<upgrade> and C<install> write to.
526 my ($self, $rs) = @_;
528 my $vtable = $self->{vschema}->resultset('Table');
530 $vtable->search({}, { order_by => { -desc => 'installed' }, rows => 1 } )
531 ->get_column ('version')
534 return $version || 0;
537 =head2 schema_version
539 Returns the current schema class' $VERSION
545 This is an overwritable method which is called just before the upgrade, to
546 allow you to make a backup of the database. Per default this method attempts
547 to call C<< $self->storage->backup >>, to run the standard backup on each
550 This method should return the name of the backup file, if appropriate..
552 This method is disabled by default. Set $schema->do_backup(1) to enable it.
559 ## Make each ::DBI::Foo do this
560 $self->storage->backup($self->backup_directory());
565 Overloaded method. This checks the DBIC schema version against the DB version and
566 warns if they are not the same or if the DB is unversioned. It also provides
567 compatibility between the old versions table (SchemaVersions) and the new one
568 (dbix_class_schema_versions).
570 To avoid the checks on connect, set the environment var DBIC_NO_VERSION_CHECK or alternatively you can set the ignore_version attr in the forth argument like so:
572 my $schema = MyApp::Schema->connect(
576 { ignore_version => 1 },
583 $self->next::method(@_);
584 $self->_on_connect();
592 my $conn_info = $self->storage->connect_info;
593 $self->{vschema} = DBIx::Class::Version->connect(@$conn_info);
594 my $conn_attrs = $self->{vschema}->storage->_dbic_connect_attributes || {};
596 my $vtable = $self->{vschema}->resultset('Table');
598 # useful when connecting from scripts etc
599 return if ($conn_attrs->{ignore_version} || ($ENV{DBIC_NO_VERSION_CHECK} && !exists $conn_attrs->{ignore_version}));
601 # check for legacy versions table and move to new if exists
602 unless ($self->_source_exists($vtable)) {
603 my $vtable_compat = DBIx::Class::VersionCompat->connect(@$conn_info)->resultset('TableCompat');
604 if ($self->_source_exists($vtable_compat)) {
605 $self->{vschema}->deploy;
606 map { $vtable->create({ installed => $_->Installed, version => $_->Version }) } $vtable_compat->all;
607 $self->storage->_get_dbh->do("DROP TABLE " . $vtable_compat->result_source->from);
611 my $pversion = $self->get_db_version();
613 if($pversion eq $self->schema_version)
615 #carp "This version is already installed";
621 carp "Your DB is currently unversioned. Please call upgrade on your schema to sync the DB.";
625 carp "Versions out of sync. This is " . $self->schema_version .
626 ", your database contains version $pversion, please call upgrade on your Schema.";
629 # is this just a waste of time? if not then merge with DBI.pm
630 sub _create_db_to_schema_diff {
633 my %driver_to_db_map = (
637 my $db = $driver_to_db_map{$self->storage->dbh->{Driver}->{Name}};
639 print "Sorry, this is an unsupported DB\n";
643 unless (DBIx::Class::Optional::Dependencies->req_ok_for ('deploy')) {
644 $self->throw_exception("Unable to proceed without " . DBIx::Class::Optional::Dependencies->req_missing_for ('deploy') );
647 my $db_tr = SQL::Translator->new({
650 parser_args => { dbh => $self->storage->dbh }
653 $db_tr->producer($db);
654 my $dbic_tr = SQL::Translator->new;
655 $dbic_tr->parser('SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class');
656 $dbic_tr->data($self);
657 $dbic_tr->producer($db);
659 $db_tr->schema->name('db_schema');
660 $dbic_tr->schema->name('dbic_schema');
662 # is this really necessary?
663 foreach my $tr ($db_tr, $dbic_tr) {
664 my $data = $tr->data;
665 $tr->parser->($tr, $$data);
668 my $diff = SQL::Translator::Diff::schema_diff($db_tr->schema, $db,
669 $dbic_tr->schema, $db,
670 { ignore_constraint_names => 1, ignore_index_names => 1, caseopt => 1 });
672 my $filename = $self->ddl_filename(
674 $self->schema_version,
675 $self->upgrade_directory,
679 if(!open($file, ">$filename"))
681 $self->throw_exception("Can't open $filename for writing ($!)");
687 carp "WARNING: There may be differences between your DB and your DBIC schema. Please review and if necessary run the SQL in $filename to sync your DB.";
691 sub _set_db_version {
696 my $version = $params->{version} ? $params->{version} : $self->schema_version;
697 my $vtable = $self->{vschema}->resultset('Table');
699 ##############################################################################
701 ##############################################################################
703 # The travesty below replaces the old nice timestamp format of %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
704 # This is necessary since there are legitimate cases when upgrades can happen
705 # back to back within the same second. This breaks things since we relay on the
706 # ability to sort by the 'installed' value. The logical choice of an autoinc
707 # is not possible, as it will break multiple legacy installations. Also it is
708 # not possible to format the string sanely, as the column is a varchar(20).
709 # The 'v' character is added to the front of the string, so that any version
710 # formatted by this new function will sort _after_ any existing 200... strings.
711 my @tm = gettimeofday();
712 my @dt = gmtime ($tm[0]);
713 my $o = $vtable->create({
715 installed => sprintf("v%04d%02d%02d_%02d%02d%02d.%03.0f",
722 $tm[1] / 1000, # convert to millisecs, format as up/down rounded int above
729 my $file = shift || return;
731 open my $fh, '<', $file or carp("Can't open upgrade file, $file ($!)");
732 my @data = split /\n/, join '', <$fh>;
739 !/^(BEGIN|BEGIN TRANSACTION|COMMIT)/mi }
747 my ($self, $rs) = @_;
750 $rs->search(\'1=0')->cursor->next;
762 Jess Robinson <castaway@desert-island.me.uk>
763 Luke Saunders <luke@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
767 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.