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1 | |
2 | package MooseX::Getopt; |
3 | use Moose::Role; |
4 | |
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5 | use Getopt::Long (); |
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6 | |
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7 | use MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap; |
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8 | use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute; |
9 | |
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10 | our $VERSION = '0.06'; |
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11 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
12 | |
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13 | has ARGV => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef'); |
14 | has extra_argv => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef'); |
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15 | |
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16 | sub new_with_options { |
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17 | my ($class, @params) = @_; |
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18 | |
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19 | my %processed = $class->_parse_argv( |
20 | options => [ |
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21 | $class->_attrs_to_options( @params ) |
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22 | ] |
23 | ); |
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24 | |
25 | $class->new( |
26 | ARGV => $processed{argv_copy}, |
27 | extra_argv => $processed{argv}, |
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28 | @params, # explicit params to ->new |
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29 | %{ $processed{params} }, # params from CLI |
30 | ); |
31 | } |
32 | |
33 | sub _parse_argv { |
34 | my ( $class, %params ) = @_; |
35 | |
36 | local @ARGV = @{ $params{argv} || \@ARGV }; |
37 | |
38 | my ( @options, %name_to_init_arg, %options ); |
39 | |
40 | foreach my $opt ( @{ $params{options} } ) { |
41 | push @options, $opt->{opt_string}; |
42 | $name_to_init_arg{ $opt->{name} } = $opt->{init_arg}; |
43 | } |
44 | |
45 | # Get a clean copy of the original @ARGV |
46 | my $argv_copy = [ @ARGV ]; |
47 | |
48 | { |
49 | local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { die $_[0] }; |
50 | Getopt::Long::GetOptions(\%options, @options); |
51 | } |
52 | |
53 | # Get a copy of the Getopt::Long-mangled @ARGV |
54 | my $argv_mangled = [ @ARGV ]; |
55 | |
56 | return ( |
57 | argv_copy => $argv_copy, |
58 | argv => $argv_mangled, |
59 | params => { |
60 | map { |
61 | $name_to_init_arg{$_} => $options{$_} |
62 | } keys %options, |
63 | } |
64 | ); |
65 | } |
66 | |
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67 | sub _compute_getopt_attrs { |
68 | my $class = shift; |
69 | |
70 | grep { |
71 | $_->isa("MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute") |
72 | or |
73 | $_->name !~ /^_/ |
74 | && |
75 | !$_->isa('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::NoGetopt') |
76 | } $class->meta->compute_all_applicable_attributes |
77 | } |
78 | |
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79 | sub _attrs_to_options { |
80 | my $class = shift; |
81 | |
82 | my @options; |
83 | |
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84 | foreach my $attr ($class->_compute_getopt_attrs) { |
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85 | my $name = $attr->name; |
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86 | |
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87 | my $aliases; |
88 | |
89 | if ($attr->isa('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute')) { |
90 | $name = $attr->cmd_flag if $attr->has_cmd_flag; |
91 | $aliases = $attr->cmd_aliases if $attr->has_cmd_aliases; |
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92 | } |
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93 | |
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94 | my $opt_string = $aliases |
95 | ? join(q{|}, $name, @$aliases) |
96 | : $name; |
97 | |
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98 | if ($attr->has_type_constraint) { |
99 | my $type_name = $attr->type_constraint->name; |
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100 | if (MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->has_option_type($type_name)) { |
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101 | $opt_string .= MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->get_option_type($type_name); |
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102 | } |
103 | } |
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104 | |
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105 | push @options, { |
106 | name => $name, |
107 | init_arg => $attr->init_arg, |
108 | opt_string => $opt_string, |
109 | required => $attr->is_required, |
110 | ( $attr->has_documentation ? ( doc => $attr->documentation ) : () ), |
111 | } |
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112 | } |
113 | |
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114 | return @options; |
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115 | } |
116 | |
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117 | no Moose::Role; 1; |
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118 | |
119 | __END__ |
120 | |
121 | =pod |
122 | |
123 | =head1 NAME |
124 | |
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125 | MooseX::Getopt - A Moose role for processing command line options |
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126 | |
127 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
128 | |
129 | ## In your class |
130 | package My::App; |
131 | use Moose; |
132 | |
133 | with 'MooseX::Getopt'; |
134 | |
135 | has 'out' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1); |
136 | has 'in' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1); |
137 | |
138 | # ... rest of the class here |
139 | |
140 | ## in your script |
141 | #!/usr/bin/perl |
142 | |
143 | use My::App; |
144 | |
145 | my $app = My::App->new_with_options(); |
146 | # ... rest of the script here |
147 | |
148 | ## on the command line |
149 | % perl my_app_script.pl -in file.input -out file.dump |
150 | |
151 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
152 | |
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153 | This is a role which provides an alternate constructor for creating |
154 | objects using parameters passed in from the command line. |
155 | |
156 | This module attempts to DWIM as much as possible with the command line |
157 | params by introspecting your class's attributes. It will use the name |
158 | of your attribute as the command line option, and if there is a type |
159 | constraint defined, it will configure Getopt::Long to handle the option |
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160 | accordingly. |
161 | |
162 | You can use the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute> |
163 | to get non-default commandline option names and aliases. |
164 | |
165 | By default, attributes which start with an underscore are not given |
166 | commandline argument support, unless the attribute's metaclass is set |
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167 | to L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>. If you don't want you accessors |
168 | to have the leading underscore in thier name, you can do this: |
169 | |
170 | # for read/write attributes |
171 | has '_foo' => (accessor => 'foo', ...); |
172 | |
173 | # or for read-only attributes |
174 | has '_bar' => (reader => 'bar', ...); |
175 | |
176 | This will mean that Getopt will not handle a --foo param, but your |
177 | code can still call the C<foo> method. |
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178 | |
179 | =head2 Supported Type Constraints |
180 | |
181 | =over 4 |
182 | |
183 | =item I<Bool> |
184 | |
185 | A I<Bool> type constraint is set up as a boolean option with |
186 | Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
187 | |
188 | has 'verbose' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Bool'); |
189 | |
190 | would translate into C<verbose!> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
191 | which would enable the following command line options: |
192 | |
193 | % my_script.pl --verbose |
194 | % my_script.pl --noverbose |
195 | |
196 | =item I<Int>, I<Float>, I<Str> |
197 | |
198 | These type constraints are set up as properly typed options with |
199 | Getopt::Long, using the C<=i>, C<=f> and C<=s> modifiers as appropriate. |
200 | |
201 | =item I<ArrayRef> |
202 | |
203 | An I<ArrayRef> type constraint is set up as a multiple value option |
204 | in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
205 | |
206 | has 'include' => ( |
207 | is => 'rw', |
208 | isa => 'ArrayRef', |
209 | default => sub { [] } |
210 | ); |
211 | |
212 | would translate into C<includes=s@> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
213 | which would enable the following command line options: |
214 | |
215 | % my_script.pl --include /usr/lib --include /usr/local/lib |
216 | |
217 | =item I<HashRef> |
218 | |
219 | A I<HashRef> type constraint is set up as a hash value option |
220 | in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description: |
221 | |
222 | has 'define' => ( |
223 | is => 'rw', |
224 | isa => 'HashRef', |
225 | default => sub { {} } |
226 | ); |
227 | |
228 | would translate into C<define=s%> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor, |
229 | which would enable the following command line options: |
230 | |
231 | % my_script.pl --define os=linux --define vendor=debian |
232 | |
233 | =back |
234 | |
235 | =head2 Custom Type Constraints |
236 | |
237 | It is possible to create custom type constraint to option spec |
238 | mappings if you need them. The process is fairly simple (but a |
239 | little verbose maybe). First you create a custom subtype, like |
240 | so: |
241 | |
242 | subtype 'ArrayOfInts' |
243 | => as 'ArrayRef' |
244 | => where { scalar (grep { looks_like_number($_) } @$_) }; |
245 | |
246 | Then you register the mapping, like so: |
247 | |
248 | MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->add_option_type_to_map( |
249 | 'ArrayOfInts' => '=i@' |
250 | ); |
251 | |
252 | Now any attribute declarations using this type constraint will |
253 | get the custom option spec. So that, this: |
254 | |
255 | has 'nums' => ( |
256 | is => 'ro', |
257 | isa => 'ArrayOfInts', |
258 | default => sub { [0] } |
259 | ); |
260 | |
261 | Will translate to the following on the command line: |
262 | |
263 | % my_script.pl --nums 5 --nums 88 --nums 199 |
264 | |
265 | This example is fairly trivial, but more complex validations are |
266 | easily possible with a little creativity. The trick is balancing |
267 | the type constraint validations with the Getopt::Long validations. |
268 | |
269 | Better examples are certainly welcome :) |
270 | |
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271 | =head2 Inferred Type Constraints |
272 | |
273 | If you define a custom subtype which is a subtype of one of the |
274 | standard L</Supported Type Constraints> above, and do not explicitly |
275 | provide custom support as in L</Custom Type Constraints> above, |
276 | MooseX::Getopt will treat it like the parent type for Getopt |
277 | purposes. |
278 | |
279 | For example, if you had the same custom C<ArrayOfInts> subtype |
280 | from the examples above, but did not add a new custom option |
281 | type for it to the C<OptionTypeMap>, it would be treated just |
282 | like a normal C<ArrayRef> type for Getopt purposes (that is, |
283 | C<=s@>). |
284 | |
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285 | =head1 METHODS |
286 | |
287 | =over 4 |
288 | |
289 | =item B<new_with_options (%params)> |
290 | |
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291 | This method will take a set of default C<%params> and then collect |
292 | params from the command line (possibly overriding those in C<%params>) |
293 | and then return a newly constructed object. |
294 | |
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295 | If L<Getopt::Long/GetOptions> fails (due to invalid arguments), |
296 | C<new_with_options> will throw an exception. |
297 | |
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298 | =item B<ARGV> |
299 | |
300 | This accessor contains a reference to a copy of the C<@ARGV> array |
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301 | as it originally existed at the time of C<new_with_options>. |
302 | |
303 | =item B<extra_argv> |
304 | |
305 | This accessor contains an arrayref of leftover C<@ARGV> elements that |
306 | L<Getopt::Long> did not parse. Note that the real C<@ARGV> is left |
307 | un-mangled. |
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308 | |
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309 | =item B<meta> |
310 | |
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311 | This returns the role meta object. |
312 | |
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313 | =back |
314 | |
315 | =head1 BUGS |
316 | |
317 | All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no |
318 | exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug |
319 | to cpan-RT. |
320 | |
321 | =head1 AUTHOR |
322 | |
323 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
324 | |
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325 | Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt> |
326 | |
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327 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
328 | |
329 | Copyright 2007 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
330 | |
331 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
332 | |
333 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
334 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
335 | |
336 | =cut |