Fixed indent in Example.pod

[dbsrgits/DBIx-Class.git] / lib / DBIx / Class / Manual / Example.pod

=head1 NAME

DBIx::Class::Manual::Example - Simple CD database example

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This tutorial will guide you through the process of setting up and
testing a very basic CD database using SQLite, with DBIx::Class::Schema
as the database frontend.

The database consists of the following:

  table 'artist' with columns:  artistid, name
  table 'cd'     with columns:  cdid, artist, title
  table 'track'  with columns:  trackid, cd, title


And these rules exists:

  one artist can have many cds
  one cd belongs to one artist
  one cd can have many tracks
  one track belongs to one cd


=head2 Installation

Install DBIx::Class via CPAN should be sufficient.

=head3 Create the database/tables.

First make and change the directory:

  mkdir app
  cd app

This example uses SQLite which is a dependency of DBIx::Class, so you
shouldn't have to install extra software.

Save the following into a example.sql

  CREATE TABLE artist (
  artistid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT NOT NULL 
  );

  CREATE TABLE cd (
  cdid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
  artist INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES artist(artistid),
  title TEXT NOT NULL);

  CREATE TABLE track (
  trackid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
  cd INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES cd(cdid),
  title TEXT NOT NULL) ;

and create the sqlite database file:

sqlite3 example.db < example.sql

=head3 Set up DBIx::Class::Schema

First, create some dirs and change working directory:

  mkdir MyDatabase
  mkdir MyDatabase/Main

Then, create the following DBIx::Class::Schema classes:

MyDatabase/Main.pm:
    
  package MyDatabase::Main;
  use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
  __PACKAGE__->load_classes(qw/Artist Cd Track/);

  1;


MyDatabase/Main/Artist.pm:

  package MyDatabase::Main::Artist;
  use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
  __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Core/);
  __PACKAGE__->table('artist');
  __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /);
  __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid');
  __PACKAGE__->has_many('cds' => 'MyDatabase::Main::Cd');

  1;


MyDatabase/Main/Cd.pm:

  package MyDatabase::Main::Cd;
  use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
  __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Core/);
  __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
  __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ cdid artist title/);
  __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
  __PACKAGE__->belongs_to('artist' => 'MyDatabase::Main::Artist');
  __PACKAGE__->has_many('tracks' => 'MyDatabase::Main::Track');

  1;


MyDatabase/Main/Track.pm:

  package MyDatabase::Main::Track;
  use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
  __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Core/);
  __PACKAGE__->table('track');
  __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ trackid cd title/);
  __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('trackid');
  __PACKAGE__->belongs_to('cd' => 'MyDatabase::Main::Cd');

  1;


=head3 Write a script to insert some records.

insertdb.pl

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  use MyDatabase::Main;
  use strict;

  my $schema = MyDatabase::Main->connect('dbi:SQLite:example.db');

  #  here's some of the sql that is going to be generated by the schema
  #  INSERT INTO artist VALUES (NULL,'Michael Jackson');
  #  INSERT INTO artist VALUES (NULL,'Eminem');

  my @artists = (['Michael Jackson'], ['Eminem']);
  $schema->populate('Artist', [
      [qw/name/],
      @artists,
  ]);

  my %albums = (
      'Thriller' => 'Michael Jackson',
      'Bad' => 'Michael Jackson',
      'The Marshall Mathers LP' => 'Eminem',
      );

  my @cds;
  foreach my $lp (keys %albums) {
      my $artist = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search({
          name => $albums{$lp}
      });
      push @cds, [$lp, $artist->first];
  }

  $schema->populate('Cd', [
      [qw/title artist/],
      @cds,
  ]);


  my %tracks = (
      'Beat It'         => 'Thriller',
      'Billie Jean'     => 'Thriller',
      'Dirty Diana'     => 'Bad',
      'Smooth Criminal' => 'Bad',
      'Leave Me Alone'  => 'Bad',
      'Stan'            => 'The Marshall Mathers LP',
      'The Way I Am'    => 'The Marshall Mathers LP',
  );

  my @tracks;
  foreach my $track (keys %tracks) {
      my $cdname = $schema->resultset('Cd')->search({
          title => $tracks{$track},
      });
      push @tracks, [$cdname->first, $track];
  }

  $schema->populate('Track',[
      [qw/cd title/],
      @tracks,
  ]);

=head3 Create and run the scripts

testdb.pl:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  use MyDatabase::Main;
  use strict;

  my $schema = MyDatabase::Main->connect('dbi:SQLite:example.db');

  get_tracks_by_cd('Bad');
  get_tracks_by_artist('Michael Jackson');

  get_cd_by_track('Stan');
  get_cds_by_artist('Michael Jackson');

  get_artist_by_track('Dirty Diana');
  get_artist_by_cd('The Marshall Mathers LP');


  sub get_tracks_by_cd {
      my $cdtitle = shift;
      print "get_tracks_by_cd($cdtitle):\n";
      my $rs = $schema->resultset('Track')->search(
          {
              'cd.title' => $cdtitle
          },
          {
              join     => [qw/ cd /],
              prefetch => [qw/ cd /]
          }
      );
      while (my $track = $rs->next) {
          print $track->title . "\n";
      }
      print "\n";
  }

  sub get_tracks_by_artist {
      my $artistname = shift;
      print "get_tracks_by_artist($artistname):\n";
      my $rs = $schema->resultset('Track')->search(
          {
              'artist.name' => $artistname
          },
          {
              join => {
                  'cd' => 'artist'
              },
          }
      );
      while (my $track = $rs->next) {
          print $track->title . "\n";
      }
      print "\n";
  }
  
  
  
  sub get_cd_by_track {
      my $tracktitle = shift;
      print "get_cd_by_track($tracktitle):\n";
      my $rs = $schema->resultset('Cd')->search(
          {
              'tracks.title' => $tracktitle
          },
          {
              join     => [qw/ tracks /],
          }
      );
      my $cd = $rs->first;
      print $cd->title . "\n\n";
  }
  
  sub get_cds_by_artist {
      my $artistname = shift;
      print "get_cds_by_artist($artistname):\n";
      my $rs = $schema->resultset('Cd')->search(
          {
              'artist.name' => $artistname
          },
          {
              join     => [qw/ artist /],
              prefetch => [qw/ artist /]
          }
      );
      while (my $cd = $rs->next) {
          print $cd->title . "\n";
      }
      print "\n";
  }



  sub get_artist_by_track {
      my $tracktitle = shift;
      print "get_artist_by_track($tracktitle):\n";
      my $rs = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search(
          {
              'tracks.title' => $tracktitle
          },
          {
	     join => {
	     'cds' => 'tracks'
              }
          }
      );
      my $artist = $rs->first;
      print $artist->name . "\n\n";
  }

  sub get_artist_by_cd {
      my $cdtitle = shift;
      print "get_artist_by_cd($cdtitle):\n";
      my $rs = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search(
          {
              'cds.title' => $cdtitle
          },
          {
              join     => [qw/ cds /],
          }
      );
      my $artist = $rs->first;
      print $artist->name . "\n\n";
  }



It should output:

  get_tracks_by_cd(Bad):
  Dirty Diana
  Smooth Criminal
  Leave Me Alone

  get_tracks_by_artist(Michael Jackson):
  Beat it
  Billie Jean
  Dirty Diana
  Smooth Criminal
  Leave Me Alone

  get_cd_by_track(Stan):
  The Marshall Mathers LP

  get_cds_by_artist(Michael Jackson):
  Thriller
  Bad

  get_artist_by_track(Dirty Diana):
  Michael Jackson

  get_artist_by_cd(The Marshall Mathers LP):
  Eminem

=head1 Notes

With these scripts we're relying on @INC looking in the current
working directory.  You may want to add the MyDatabase namespaces to
@INC in a different way when it comes to deployment.

The testdb.pl script is an excellent start for testing your database
model.

=head1 TODO

=head1 AUTHOR

  sc_ from irc.perl.org#dbix-class
  Kieren Diment <kd@totaldatasolution.com>

=cut