Commit | Line | Data |
95bebf8c |
1 | |
2 | package Class::C3; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
95bebf8c |
7 | use Scalar::Util 'blessed'; |
8 | |
f093ecf6 |
9 | our $VERSION = '0.14'; |
27195a45 |
10 | our $C3_IN_CORE; |
11 | |
e74fb2d2 |
12 | BEGIN { |
13 | eval { require mro }; |
892f8387 |
14 | if($@) { |
15 | require Algorithm::C3; |
16 | } |
17 | else { |
e74fb2d2 |
18 | $C3_IN_CORE = 1; |
19 | } |
20 | } |
d401eda1 |
21 | |
22 | # this is our global stash of both |
23 | # MRO's and method dispatch tables |
24 | # the structure basically looks like |
25 | # this: |
26 | # |
27 | # $MRO{$class} = { |
28 | # MRO => [ <class precendence list> ], |
29 | # methods => { |
30 | # orig => <original location of method>, |
31 | # code => \&<ref to original method> |
680100b1 |
32 | # }, |
33 | # has_overload_fallback => (1 | 0) |
d401eda1 |
34 | # } |
35 | # |
f7facd7b |
36 | our %MRO; |
95bebf8c |
37 | |
d0e2efe5 |
38 | # use these for debugging ... |
d401eda1 |
39 | sub _dump_MRO_table { %MRO } |
d401eda1 |
40 | our $TURN_OFF_C3 = 0; |
6262b4cf |
41 | |
42 | # state tracking for initialize()/uninitialize() |
ff168601 |
43 | our $_initialized = 0; |
d401eda1 |
44 | |
95bebf8c |
45 | sub import { |
46 | my $class = caller(); |
d401eda1 |
47 | # skip if the caller is main:: |
48 | # since that is clearly not relevant |
95bebf8c |
49 | return if $class eq 'main'; |
d401eda1 |
50 | return if $TURN_OFF_C3; |
27195a45 |
51 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
892f8387 |
52 | mro::set_mro_c3($class); |
27195a45 |
53 | } |
d401eda1 |
54 | # make a note to calculate $class |
55 | # during INIT phase |
f7facd7b |
56 | $MRO{$class} = undef unless exists $MRO{$class}; |
95bebf8c |
57 | } |
58 | |
d401eda1 |
59 | ## initializers |
60 | |
d401eda1 |
61 | sub initialize { |
27195a45 |
62 | %next::METHOD_CACHE = (); |
d401eda1 |
63 | # why bother if we don't have anything ... |
64 | return unless keys %MRO; |
27195a45 |
65 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
e74fb2d2 |
66 | mro::set_mro_c3($_) for keys %MRO; |
27195a45 |
67 | } |
68 | else { |
69 | if($_initialized) { |
70 | uninitialize(); |
71 | $MRO{$_} = undef foreach keys %MRO; |
72 | } |
73 | _calculate_method_dispatch_tables(); |
74 | _apply_method_dispatch_tables(); |
75 | $_initialized = 1; |
ff168601 |
76 | } |
d401eda1 |
77 | } |
78 | |
d0e2efe5 |
79 | sub uninitialize { |
80 | # why bother if we don't have anything ... |
5d5c86d9 |
81 | %next::METHOD_CACHE = (); |
27195a45 |
82 | return unless keys %MRO; |
83 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
e74fb2d2 |
84 | mro::set_mro_dfs($_) for keys %MRO; |
27195a45 |
85 | } |
86 | else { |
87 | _remove_method_dispatch_tables(); |
88 | $_initialized = 0; |
89 | } |
d0e2efe5 |
90 | } |
91 | |
ff168601 |
92 | sub reinitialize { goto &initialize } |
d0e2efe5 |
93 | |
d401eda1 |
94 | ## functions for applying C3 to classes |
95 | |
96 | sub _calculate_method_dispatch_tables { |
27195a45 |
97 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
f4a893b2 |
98 | my %merge_cache; |
95bebf8c |
99 | foreach my $class (keys %MRO) { |
f4a893b2 |
100 | _calculate_method_dispatch_table($class, \%merge_cache); |
95bebf8c |
101 | } |
d401eda1 |
102 | } |
103 | |
104 | sub _calculate_method_dispatch_table { |
27195a45 |
105 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
f4a893b2 |
106 | my ($class, $merge_cache) = @_; |
d401eda1 |
107 | no strict 'refs'; |
f4a893b2 |
108 | my @MRO = calculateMRO($class, $merge_cache); |
d401eda1 |
109 | $MRO{$class} = { MRO => \@MRO }; |
680100b1 |
110 | my $has_overload_fallback = 0; |
d401eda1 |
111 | my %methods; |
112 | # NOTE: |
113 | # we do @MRO[1 .. $#MRO] here because it |
114 | # makes no sense to interogate the class |
115 | # which you are calculating for. |
116 | foreach my $local (@MRO[1 .. $#MRO]) { |
680100b1 |
117 | # if overload has tagged this module to |
118 | # have use "fallback", then we want to |
119 | # grab that value |
120 | $has_overload_fallback = ${"${local}::()"} |
121 | if defined ${"${local}::()"}; |
d401eda1 |
122 | foreach my $method (grep { defined &{"${local}::$_"} } keys %{"${local}::"}) { |
123 | # skip if already overriden in local class |
124 | next unless !defined *{"${class}::$method"}{CODE}; |
125 | $methods{$method} = { |
126 | orig => "${local}::$method", |
127 | code => \&{"${local}::$method"} |
128 | } unless exists $methods{$method}; |
95bebf8c |
129 | } |
d401eda1 |
130 | } |
131 | # now stash them in our %MRO table |
680100b1 |
132 | $MRO{$class}->{methods} = \%methods; |
133 | $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback} = $has_overload_fallback; |
d401eda1 |
134 | } |
135 | |
136 | sub _apply_method_dispatch_tables { |
27195a45 |
137 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
d401eda1 |
138 | foreach my $class (keys %MRO) { |
139 | _apply_method_dispatch_table($class); |
140 | } |
95bebf8c |
141 | } |
142 | |
d401eda1 |
143 | sub _apply_method_dispatch_table { |
27195a45 |
144 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
d401eda1 |
145 | my $class = shift; |
146 | no strict 'refs'; |
680100b1 |
147 | ${"${class}::()"} = $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback} |
148 | if $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback}; |
d401eda1 |
149 | foreach my $method (keys %{$MRO{$class}->{methods}}) { |
150 | *{"${class}::$method"} = $MRO{$class}->{methods}->{$method}->{code}; |
151 | } |
152 | } |
153 | |
d0e2efe5 |
154 | sub _remove_method_dispatch_tables { |
27195a45 |
155 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
d0e2efe5 |
156 | foreach my $class (keys %MRO) { |
157 | _remove_method_dispatch_table($class); |
158 | } |
159 | } |
160 | |
161 | sub _remove_method_dispatch_table { |
27195a45 |
162 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
d0e2efe5 |
163 | my $class = shift; |
164 | no strict 'refs'; |
680100b1 |
165 | delete ${"${class}::"}{"()"} if $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback}; |
d0e2efe5 |
166 | foreach my $method (keys %{$MRO{$class}->{methods}}) { |
5dd9299c |
167 | delete ${"${class}::"}{$method} |
168 | if defined *{"${class}::${method}"}{CODE} && |
169 | (*{"${class}::${method}"}{CODE} eq $MRO{$class}->{methods}->{$method}->{code}); |
d0e2efe5 |
170 | } |
171 | } |
172 | |
d401eda1 |
173 | ## functions for calculating C3 MRO |
174 | |
95bebf8c |
175 | sub calculateMRO { |
f4a893b2 |
176 | my ($class, $merge_cache) = @_; |
27195a45 |
177 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
e74fb2d2 |
178 | return @{mro::get_mro_linear_c3($class)}; |
27195a45 |
179 | } |
180 | else { |
181 | return Algorithm::C3::merge($class, sub { |
182 | no strict 'refs'; |
183 | @{$_[0] . '::ISA'}; |
184 | }, $merge_cache); |
185 | } |
95bebf8c |
186 | } |
187 | |
5d5c86d9 |
188 | package # hide me from PAUSE |
189 | next; |
190 | |
191 | use strict; |
192 | use warnings; |
193 | |
194 | use Scalar::Util 'blessed'; |
195 | |
ac6b0914 |
196 | our $VERSION = '0.05'; |
5d5c86d9 |
197 | |
198 | our %METHOD_CACHE; |
199 | |
fa91a1c7 |
200 | sub method { |
27195a45 |
201 | my $self = $_[0]; |
202 | my $class = blessed($self) || $self; |
fa91a1c7 |
203 | my $indirect = caller() =~ /^(?:next|maybe::next)$/; |
204 | my $level = $indirect ? 2 : 1; |
205 | |
7bb662d7 |
206 | my ($method_caller, $label, @label); |
ac6b0914 |
207 | while ($method_caller = (caller($level++))[3]) { |
7bb662d7 |
208 | @label = (split '::', $method_caller); |
209 | $label = pop @label; |
210 | last unless |
211 | $label eq '(eval)' || |
212 | $label eq '__ANON__'; |
ac6b0914 |
213 | } |
27195a45 |
214 | |
215 | my $method; |
216 | |
217 | # You would think we could do this, but we can't apparently :( |
e74fb2d2 |
218 | #if($Class::C3::C3_IN_CORE && mro::is_mro_c3($class)) { |
27195a45 |
219 | # $method = $class->can('SUPER::' . $label); |
220 | #} |
221 | #else { |
222 | my $caller = join '::' => @label; |
5d5c86d9 |
223 | |
27195a45 |
224 | $method = $METHOD_CACHE{"$class|$caller|$label"} ||= do { |
322a5920 |
225 | |
27195a45 |
226 | my @MRO = Class::C3::calculateMRO($class); |
322a5920 |
227 | |
27195a45 |
228 | my $current; |
229 | while ($current = shift @MRO) { |
230 | last if $caller eq $current; |
231 | } |
322a5920 |
232 | |
27195a45 |
233 | no strict 'refs'; |
234 | my $found; |
235 | foreach my $class (@MRO) { |
236 | next if (defined $Class::C3::MRO{$class} && |
237 | defined $Class::C3::MRO{$class}{methods}{$label}); |
238 | last if (defined ($found = *{$class . '::' . $label}{CODE})); |
239 | } |
322a5920 |
240 | |
27195a45 |
241 | $found; |
242 | }; |
243 | #} |
fa91a1c7 |
244 | |
245 | return $method if $indirect; |
246 | |
247 | die "No next::method '$label' found for $self" if !$method; |
248 | |
249 | goto &{$method}; |
322a5920 |
250 | } |
5d5c86d9 |
251 | |
fa91a1c7 |
252 | sub can { method($_[0]) } |
5d5c86d9 |
253 | |
fa91a1c7 |
254 | package # hide me from PAUSE |
255 | maybe::next; |
256 | |
257 | use strict; |
258 | use warnings; |
259 | |
260 | our $VERSION = '0.01'; |
261 | |
262 | sub method { (next::method($_[0]) || return)->(@_) } |
5d5c86d9 |
263 | |
95bebf8c |
264 | 1; |
265 | |
266 | __END__ |
267 | |
268 | =pod |
269 | |
270 | =head1 NAME |
271 | |
272 | Class::C3 - A pragma to use the C3 method resolution order algortihm |
273 | |
274 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
275 | |
276 | package A; |
277 | use Class::C3; |
278 | sub hello { 'A::hello' } |
279 | |
280 | package B; |
281 | use base 'A'; |
282 | use Class::C3; |
283 | |
284 | package C; |
285 | use base 'A'; |
286 | use Class::C3; |
287 | |
288 | sub hello { 'C::hello' } |
289 | |
290 | package D; |
291 | use base ('B', 'C'); |
292 | use Class::C3; |
293 | |
294 | # Classic Diamond MI pattern |
d401eda1 |
295 | # <A> |
296 | # / \ |
297 | # <B> <C> |
298 | # \ / |
299 | # <D> |
95bebf8c |
300 | |
301 | package main; |
2ffffc6d |
302 | |
303 | # initializez the C3 module |
304 | # (formerly called in INIT) |
305 | Class::C3::initialize(); |
95bebf8c |
306 | |
307 | print join ', ' => Class::C3::calculateMRO('Diamond_D') # prints D, B, C, A |
308 | |
309 | print D->hello() # prints 'C::hello' instead of the standard p5 'A::hello' |
310 | |
311 | D->can('hello')->(); # can() also works correctly |
312 | UNIVERSAL::can('D', 'hello'); # as does UNIVERSAL::can() |
313 | |
314 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
315 | |
2ffffc6d |
316 | This is pragma to change Perl 5's standard method resolution order from depth-first left-to-right |
317 | (a.k.a - pre-order) to the more sophisticated C3 method resolution order. |
95bebf8c |
318 | |
319 | =head2 What is C3? |
320 | |
321 | C3 is the name of an algorithm which aims to provide a sane method resolution order under multiple |
322 | inheritence. It was first introduced in the langauge Dylan (see links in the L<SEE ALSO> section), |
323 | and then later adopted as the prefered MRO (Method Resolution Order) for the new-style classes in |
324 | Python 2.3. Most recently it has been adopted as the 'canonical' MRO for Perl 6 classes, and the |
325 | default MRO for Parrot objects as well. |
326 | |
327 | =head2 How does C3 work. |
328 | |
329 | C3 works by always preserving local precendence ordering. This essentially means that no class will |
330 | appear before any of it's subclasses. Take the classic diamond inheritence pattern for instance: |
331 | |
d401eda1 |
332 | <A> |
333 | / \ |
334 | <B> <C> |
335 | \ / |
336 | <D> |
95bebf8c |
337 | |
338 | The standard Perl 5 MRO would be (D, B, A, C). The result being that B<A> appears before B<C>, even |
339 | though B<C> is the subclass of B<A>. The C3 MRO algorithm however, produces the following MRO |
340 | (D, B, C, A), which does not have this same issue. |
341 | |
342 | This example is fairly trival, for more complex examples and a deeper explaination, see the links in |
343 | the L<SEE ALSO> section. |
344 | |
345 | =head2 How does this module work? |
346 | |
2ffffc6d |
347 | This module uses a technique similar to Perl 5's method caching. When C<Class::C3::initialize> is |
348 | called, this module calculates the MRO of all the classes which called C<use Class::C3>. It then |
349 | gathers information from the symbol tables of each of those classes, and builds a set of method |
350 | aliases for the correct dispatch ordering. Once all these C3-based method tables are created, it |
351 | then adds the method aliases into the local classes symbol table. |
95bebf8c |
352 | |
353 | The end result is actually classes with pre-cached method dispatch. However, this caching does not |
354 | do well if you start changing your C<@ISA> or messing with class symbol tables, so you should consider |
355 | your classes to be effectively closed. See the L<CAVEATS> section for more details. |
356 | |
d401eda1 |
357 | =head1 OPTIONAL LOWERCASE PRAGMA |
358 | |
359 | This release also includes an optional module B<c3> in the F<opt/> folder. I did not include this in |
360 | the regular install since lowercase module names are considered I<"bad"> by some people. However I |
361 | think that code looks much nicer like this: |
362 | |
363 | package MyClass; |
364 | use c3; |
365 | |
366 | The the more clunky: |
367 | |
368 | package MyClass; |
369 | use Class::C3; |
370 | |
371 | But hey, it's your choice, thats why it is optional. |
372 | |
95bebf8c |
373 | =head1 FUNCTIONS |
374 | |
375 | =over 4 |
376 | |
377 | =item B<calculateMRO ($class)> |
378 | |
379 | Given a C<$class> this will return an array of class names in the proper C3 method resolution order. |
380 | |
d401eda1 |
381 | =item B<initialize> |
382 | |
2ffffc6d |
383 | This B<must be called> to initalize the C3 method dispatch tables, this module B<will not work> if |
5f01eb5f |
384 | you do not do this. It is advised to do this as soon as possible B<after> loading any classes which |
385 | use C3. Here is a quick code example: |
386 | |
387 | package Foo; |
388 | use Class::C3; |
389 | # ... Foo methods here |
390 | |
391 | package Bar; |
392 | use Class::C3; |
393 | use base 'Foo'; |
394 | # ... Bar methods here |
395 | |
396 | package main; |
397 | |
398 | Class::C3::initialize(); # now it is safe to use Foo and Bar |
2ffffc6d |
399 | |
400 | This function used to be called automatically for you in the INIT phase of the perl compiler, but |
401 | that lead to warnings if this module was required at runtime. After discussion with my user base |
402 | (the L<DBIx::Class> folks), we decided that calling this in INIT was more of an annoyance than a |
403 | convience. I apologize to anyone this causes problems for (although i would very suprised if I had |
404 | any other users other than the L<DBIx::Class> folks). The simplest solution of course is to define |
405 | your own INIT method which calls this function. |
d401eda1 |
406 | |
407 | NOTE: |
ff168601 |
408 | |
409 | If C<initialize> detects that C<initialize> has already been executed, it will L</uninitialize> and |
410 | clear the MRO cache first. |
d0e2efe5 |
411 | |
412 | =item B<uninitialize> |
413 | |
414 | Calling this function results in the removal of all cached methods, and the restoration of the old Perl 5 |
415 | style dispatch order (depth-first, left-to-right). |
416 | |
417 | =item B<reinitialize> |
418 | |
ff168601 |
419 | This is an alias for L</initialize> above. |
d401eda1 |
420 | |
95bebf8c |
421 | =back |
422 | |
5d5c86d9 |
423 | =head1 METHOD REDISPATCHING |
424 | |
425 | It is always useful to be able to re-dispatch your method call to the "next most applicable method". This |
426 | module provides a pseudo package along the lines of C<SUPER::> or C<NEXT::> which will re-dispatch the |
427 | method along the C3 linearization. This is best show with an examples. |
428 | |
429 | # a classic diamond MI pattern ... |
430 | <A> |
431 | / \ |
432 | <B> <C> |
433 | \ / |
434 | <D> |
435 | |
436 | package A; |
437 | use c3; |
438 | sub foo { 'A::foo' } |
439 | |
440 | package B; |
441 | use base 'A'; |
442 | use c3; |
443 | sub foo { 'B::foo => ' . (shift)->next::method() } |
444 | |
445 | package B; |
446 | use base 'A'; |
447 | use c3; |
448 | sub foo { 'C::foo => ' . (shift)->next::method() } |
449 | |
450 | package D; |
451 | use base ('B', 'C'); |
452 | use c3; |
453 | sub foo { 'D::foo => ' . (shift)->next::method() } |
454 | |
455 | print D->foo; # prints out "D::foo => B::foo => C::foo => A::foo" |
456 | |
457 | A few things to note. First, we do not require you to add on the method name to the C<next::method> |
458 | call (this is unlike C<NEXT::> and C<SUPER::> which do require that). This helps to enforce the rule |
459 | that you cannot dispatch to a method of a different name (this is how C<NEXT::> behaves as well). |
460 | |
461 | The next thing to keep in mind is that you will need to pass all arguments to C<next::method> it can |
462 | not automatically use the current C<@_>. |
463 | |
322a5920 |
464 | If C<next::method> cannot find a next method to re-dispatch the call to, it will throw an exception. |
465 | You can use C<next::can> to see if C<next::method> will succeed before you call it like so: |
466 | |
467 | $self->next::method(@_) if $self->next::can; |
468 | |
fa91a1c7 |
469 | Additionally, you can use C<maybe::next::method> as a shortcut to only call the next method if it exists. |
470 | The previous example could be simply written as: |
471 | |
472 | $self->maybe::next::method(@_); |
322a5920 |
473 | |
2ffffc6d |
474 | There are some caveats about using C<next::method>, see below for those. |
95bebf8c |
475 | |
2ffffc6d |
476 | =head1 CAVEATS |
95bebf8c |
477 | |
2ffffc6d |
478 | This module used to be labeled as I<experimental>, however it has now been pretty heavily tested by |
479 | the good folks over at L<DBIx::Class> and I am confident this module is perfectly usable for |
480 | whatever your needs might be. |
95bebf8c |
481 | |
2ffffc6d |
482 | But there are still caveats, so here goes ... |
95bebf8c |
483 | |
484 | =over 4 |
485 | |
486 | =item Use of C<SUPER::>. |
487 | |
488 | The idea of C<SUPER::> under multiple inheritence is ambigious, and generally not recomended anyway. |
489 | However, it's use in conjuntion with this module is very much not recommended, and in fact very |
5d5c86d9 |
490 | discouraged. The recommended approach is to instead use the supplied C<next::method> feature, see |
491 | more details on it's usage above. |
95bebf8c |
492 | |
493 | =item Changing C<@ISA>. |
494 | |
495 | It is the author's opinion that changing C<@ISA> at runtime is pure insanity anyway. However, people |
496 | do it, so I must caveat. Any changes to the C<@ISA> will not be reflected in the MRO calculated by this |
d0e2efe5 |
497 | module, and therefor probably won't even show up. If you do this, you will need to call C<reinitialize> |
498 | in order to recalulate B<all> method dispatch tables. See the C<reinitialize> documentation and an example |
499 | in F<t/20_reinitialize.t> for more information. |
95bebf8c |
500 | |
501 | =item Adding/deleting methods from class symbol tables. |
502 | |
2ffffc6d |
503 | This module calculates the MRO for each requested class by interogatting the symbol tables of said classes. |
504 | So any symbol table manipulation which takes place after our INIT phase is run will not be reflected in |
505 | the calculated MRO. Just as with changing the C<@ISA>, you will need to call C<reinitialize> for any |
506 | changes you make to take effect. |
95bebf8c |
507 | |
2ffffc6d |
508 | =item Calling C<next::method> from methods defined outside the class |
95bebf8c |
509 | |
2ffffc6d |
510 | There is an edge case when using C<next::method> from within a subroutine which was created in a different |
511 | module than the one it is called from. It sounds complicated, but it really isn't. Here is an example which |
512 | will not work correctly: |
15eeb546 |
513 | |
2ffffc6d |
514 | *Foo::foo = sub { (shift)->next::method(@_) }; |
515 | |
516 | The problem exists because the anonymous subroutine being assigned to the glob C<*Foo::foo> will show up |
517 | in the call stack as being called C<__ANON__> and not C<foo> as you might expect. Since C<next::method> |
518 | uses C<caller> to find the name of the method it was called in, it will fail in this case. |
15eeb546 |
519 | |
2ffffc6d |
520 | But fear not, there is a simple solution. The module C<Sub::Name> will reach into the perl internals and |
521 | assign a name to an anonymous subroutine for you. Simply do this: |
522 | |
523 | use Sub::Name 'subname'; |
524 | *Foo::foo = subname 'Foo::foo' => sub { (shift)->next::method(@_) }; |
15eeb546 |
525 | |
2ffffc6d |
526 | and things will Just Work. Of course this is not always possible to do, but to be honest, I just can't |
527 | manage to find a workaround for it, so until someone gives me a working patch this will be a known |
528 | limitation of this module. |
15eeb546 |
529 | |
5d5c86d9 |
530 | =back |
15eeb546 |
531 | |
5d5c86d9 |
532 | =head1 CODE COVERAGE |
15eeb546 |
533 | |
ac6b0914 |
534 | I use B<Devel::Cover> to test the code coverage of my tests, below is the B<Devel::Cover> report on this |
535 | module's test suite. |
5d5c86d9 |
536 | |
537 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
538 | File stmt bran cond sub pod time total |
539 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
58f0eafe |
540 | Class/C3.pm 98.3 84.4 80.0 96.2 100.0 98.4 94.4 |
5d5c86d9 |
541 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
58f0eafe |
542 | Total 98.3 84.4 80.0 96.2 100.0 98.4 94.4 |
5d5c86d9 |
543 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
15eeb546 |
544 | |
95bebf8c |
545 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
546 | |
547 | =head2 The original Dylan paper |
548 | |
549 | =over 4 |
550 | |
551 | =item L<http://www.webcom.com/haahr/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html> |
552 | |
553 | =back |
554 | |
555 | =head2 The prototype Perl 6 Object Model uses C3 |
556 | |
557 | =over 4 |
558 | |
559 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel/> |
560 | |
561 | =back |
562 | |
563 | =head2 Parrot now uses C3 |
564 | |
565 | =over 4 |
566 | |
567 | =item L<http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/perl6-internals/2746631> |
568 | |
569 | =item L<http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768> |
570 | |
571 | =back |
572 | |
573 | =head2 Python 2.3 MRO related links |
574 | |
575 | =over 4 |
576 | |
577 | =item L<http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html> |
578 | |
579 | =item L<http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro> |
580 | |
581 | =back |
582 | |
583 | =head2 C3 for TinyCLOS |
584 | |
585 | =over 4 |
586 | |
587 | =item L<http://www.call-with-current-continuation.org/eggs/c3.html> |
588 | |
589 | =back |
590 | |
bad9dc59 |
591 | =head1 ACKNOWLEGEMENTS |
592 | |
593 | =over 4 |
594 | |
595 | =item Thanks to Matt S. Trout for using this module in his module L<DBIx::Class> |
596 | and finding many bugs and providing fixes. |
597 | |
598 | =item Thanks to Justin Guenther for making C<next::method> more robust by handling |
599 | calls inside C<eval> and anon-subs. |
600 | |
f480cda1 |
601 | =item Thanks to Robert Norris for adding support for C<next::can> and |
602 | C<maybe::next::method>. |
603 | |
bad9dc59 |
604 | =back |
605 | |
95bebf8c |
606 | =head1 AUTHOR |
607 | |
d401eda1 |
608 | Stevan Little, E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
95bebf8c |
609 | |
6262b4cf |
610 | Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt> |
611 | |
95bebf8c |
612 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
613 | |
08c29211 |
614 | Copyright 2005, 2006 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
95bebf8c |
615 | |
616 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
617 | |
618 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
619 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
620 | |
f4a893b2 |
621 | =cut |