Commit | Line | Data |
95bebf8c |
1 | |
2 | package Class::C3; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
56215427 |
7 | our $VERSION = '0.15_06'; |
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8 | |
e86d671c |
9 | our $C3_IN_CORE; |
0a4d4e25 |
10 | our $C3_XS; |
ecb0388d |
11 | |
12 | BEGIN { |
56215427 |
13 | if($] > 5.009_004) { |
14 | $C3_IN_CORE = 1; |
15 | } |
16 | else { |
0a4d4e25 |
17 | eval "require Class::C3::XS"; |
56215427 |
18 | my $error = $@; |
19 | if(!$error) { |
20 | $C3_XS = 1; |
21 | } |
22 | else { |
60e37513 |
23 | die $error if $error !~ /\blocate\b/; |
24 | require Algorithm::C3; |
25 | require Class::C3::next; |
0a4d4e25 |
26 | } |
e86d671c |
27 | } |
28 | } |
29 | |
30 | # this is our global stash of both |
31 | # MRO's and method dispatch tables |
32 | # the structure basically looks like |
33 | # this: |
34 | # |
35 | # $MRO{$class} = { |
36 | # MRO => [ <class precendence list> ], |
37 | # methods => { |
38 | # orig => <original location of method>, |
39 | # code => \&<ref to original method> |
40 | # }, |
41 | # has_overload_fallback => (1 | 0) |
42 | # } |
43 | # |
44 | our %MRO; |
45 | |
46 | # use these for debugging ... |
47 | sub _dump_MRO_table { %MRO } |
48 | our $TURN_OFF_C3 = 0; |
49 | |
50 | # state tracking for initialize()/uninitialize() |
51 | our $_initialized = 0; |
52 | |
53 | sub import { |
54 | my $class = caller(); |
55 | # skip if the caller is main:: |
56 | # since that is clearly not relevant |
57 | return if $class eq 'main'; |
58 | |
59 | return if $TURN_OFF_C3; |
60 | mro::set_mro($class, 'c3') if $C3_IN_CORE; |
61 | |
62 | # make a note to calculate $class |
63 | # during INIT phase |
64 | $MRO{$class} = undef unless exists $MRO{$class}; |
65 | } |
66 | |
67 | ## initializers |
68 | |
69 | sub initialize { |
70 | %next::METHOD_CACHE = (); |
71 | # why bother if we don't have anything ... |
72 | return unless keys %MRO; |
73 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
74 | mro::set_mro($_, 'c3') for keys %MRO; |
ac6b0914 |
75 | } |
e86d671c |
76 | else { |
77 | if($_initialized) { |
78 | uninitialize(); |
79 | $MRO{$_} = undef foreach keys %MRO; |
80 | } |
81 | _calculate_method_dispatch_tables(); |
82 | _apply_method_dispatch_tables(); |
83 | $_initialized = 1; |
84 | } |
85 | } |
86 | |
87 | sub uninitialize { |
88 | # why bother if we don't have anything ... |
89 | %next::METHOD_CACHE = (); |
90 | return unless keys %MRO; |
91 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
92 | mro::set_mro($_, 'dfs') for keys %MRO; |
93 | } |
94 | else { |
95 | _remove_method_dispatch_tables(); |
96 | $_initialized = 0; |
97 | } |
98 | } |
99 | |
100 | sub reinitialize { goto &initialize } |
101 | |
102 | ## functions for applying C3 to classes |
103 | |
104 | sub _calculate_method_dispatch_tables { |
105 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
106 | my %merge_cache; |
107 | foreach my $class (keys %MRO) { |
108 | _calculate_method_dispatch_table($class, \%merge_cache); |
109 | } |
110 | } |
111 | |
112 | sub _calculate_method_dispatch_table { |
113 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
114 | my ($class, $merge_cache) = @_; |
115 | no strict 'refs'; |
116 | my @MRO = calculateMRO($class, $merge_cache); |
117 | $MRO{$class} = { MRO => \@MRO }; |
bfcddb67 |
118 | my $has_overload_fallback; |
e86d671c |
119 | my %methods; |
120 | # NOTE: |
121 | # we do @MRO[1 .. $#MRO] here because it |
122 | # makes no sense to interogate the class |
123 | # which you are calculating for. |
124 | foreach my $local (@MRO[1 .. $#MRO]) { |
125 | # if overload has tagged this module to |
126 | # have use "fallback", then we want to |
127 | # grab that value |
128 | $has_overload_fallback = ${"${local}::()"} |
bfcddb67 |
129 | if !defined $has_overload_fallback && defined ${"${local}::()"}; |
e86d671c |
130 | foreach my $method (grep { defined &{"${local}::$_"} } keys %{"${local}::"}) { |
131 | # skip if already overriden in local class |
132 | next unless !defined *{"${class}::$method"}{CODE}; |
133 | $methods{$method} = { |
134 | orig => "${local}::$method", |
135 | code => \&{"${local}::$method"} |
136 | } unless exists $methods{$method}; |
137 | } |
138 | } |
139 | # now stash them in our %MRO table |
140 | $MRO{$class}->{methods} = \%methods; |
141 | $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback} = $has_overload_fallback; |
142 | } |
143 | |
144 | sub _apply_method_dispatch_tables { |
145 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
146 | foreach my $class (keys %MRO) { |
147 | _apply_method_dispatch_table($class); |
148 | } |
149 | } |
150 | |
151 | sub _apply_method_dispatch_table { |
152 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
153 | my $class = shift; |
154 | no strict 'refs'; |
155 | ${"${class}::()"} = $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback} |
bfcddb67 |
156 | if !defined &{"${class}::()"} |
157 | && defined $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback}; |
e86d671c |
158 | foreach my $method (keys %{$MRO{$class}->{methods}}) { |
030b48e2 |
159 | if ( $method =~ /^\(/ ) { |
160 | my $orig = $MRO{$class}->{methods}->{$method}->{orig}; |
161 | ${"${class}::$method"} = $$orig if defined $$orig; |
162 | } |
e86d671c |
163 | *{"${class}::$method"} = $MRO{$class}->{methods}->{$method}->{code}; |
164 | } |
165 | } |
166 | |
167 | sub _remove_method_dispatch_tables { |
168 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
169 | foreach my $class (keys %MRO) { |
170 | _remove_method_dispatch_table($class); |
60e37513 |
171 | } |
e86d671c |
172 | } |
173 | |
174 | sub _remove_method_dispatch_table { |
175 | return if $C3_IN_CORE; |
176 | my $class = shift; |
177 | no strict 'refs'; |
178 | delete ${"${class}::"}{"()"} if $MRO{$class}->{has_overload_fallback}; |
179 | foreach my $method (keys %{$MRO{$class}->{methods}}) { |
180 | delete ${"${class}::"}{$method} |
181 | if defined *{"${class}::${method}"}{CODE} && |
182 | (*{"${class}::${method}"}{CODE} eq $MRO{$class}->{methods}->{$method}->{code}); |
60e37513 |
183 | } |
e86d671c |
184 | } |
185 | |
186 | sub calculateMRO { |
187 | my ($class, $merge_cache) = @_; |
188 | |
e86d671c |
189 | return Algorithm::C3::merge($class, sub { |
190 | no strict 'refs'; |
191 | @{$_[0] . '::ISA'}; |
192 | }, $merge_cache); |
322a5920 |
193 | } |
5d5c86d9 |
194 | |
56215427 |
195 | # Method overrides to support 5.9.5+ or Class::C3::XS |
196 | |
0a4d4e25 |
197 | sub _core_calculateMRO { @{mro::get_linear_isa($_[0])} } |
198 | |
199 | if($C3_IN_CORE) { |
200 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
201 | *Class::C3::calculateMRO = \&_core_calculateMRO; |
202 | } |
203 | elsif($C3_XS) { |
204 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
205 | *Class::C3::calculateMRO = \&Class::C3::XS::calculateMRO; |
60e37513 |
206 | *Class::C3::_calculate_method_dispatch_table |
207 | = \&Class::C3::XS::_calculate_method_dispatch_table; |
0a4d4e25 |
208 | } |
209 | |
95bebf8c |
210 | 1; |
211 | |
212 | __END__ |
213 | |
214 | =pod |
215 | |
216 | =head1 NAME |
217 | |
218 | Class::C3 - A pragma to use the C3 method resolution order algortihm |
219 | |
220 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
221 | |
222 | package A; |
223 | use Class::C3; |
224 | sub hello { 'A::hello' } |
225 | |
226 | package B; |
227 | use base 'A'; |
228 | use Class::C3; |
229 | |
230 | package C; |
231 | use base 'A'; |
232 | use Class::C3; |
233 | |
234 | sub hello { 'C::hello' } |
235 | |
236 | package D; |
237 | use base ('B', 'C'); |
238 | use Class::C3; |
239 | |
240 | # Classic Diamond MI pattern |
d401eda1 |
241 | # <A> |
242 | # / \ |
243 | # <B> <C> |
244 | # \ / |
245 | # <D> |
95bebf8c |
246 | |
247 | package main; |
2ffffc6d |
248 | |
249 | # initializez the C3 module |
250 | # (formerly called in INIT) |
251 | Class::C3::initialize(); |
95bebf8c |
252 | |
253 | print join ', ' => Class::C3::calculateMRO('Diamond_D') # prints D, B, C, A |
254 | |
255 | print D->hello() # prints 'C::hello' instead of the standard p5 'A::hello' |
256 | |
257 | D->can('hello')->(); # can() also works correctly |
258 | UNIVERSAL::can('D', 'hello'); # as does UNIVERSAL::can() |
259 | |
56215427 |
260 | =head1 SPECIAL NOTE FOR 0.15_06 |
663e8dcc |
261 | |
f29041c4 |
262 | To try this with the new perl core c3 support, |
ff5d5837 |
263 | download the most recent copy perl-current: |
663e8dcc |
264 | |
ff5d5837 |
265 | http://mirrors.develooper.com/perl/APC/perl-current-snap/ |
663e8dcc |
266 | |
663e8dcc |
267 | sh Configure -Dusedevel -Dprefix=/where/I/want/it -d -e && make && make test && make install |
268 | |
56215427 |
269 | then try your C3-using software against this perl + Class::C3 0.15_06. |
663e8dcc |
270 | |
95bebf8c |
271 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
272 | |
2ffffc6d |
273 | This is pragma to change Perl 5's standard method resolution order from depth-first left-to-right |
274 | (a.k.a - pre-order) to the more sophisticated C3 method resolution order. |
95bebf8c |
275 | |
276 | =head2 What is C3? |
277 | |
278 | C3 is the name of an algorithm which aims to provide a sane method resolution order under multiple |
279 | inheritence. It was first introduced in the langauge Dylan (see links in the L<SEE ALSO> section), |
280 | and then later adopted as the prefered MRO (Method Resolution Order) for the new-style classes in |
281 | Python 2.3. Most recently it has been adopted as the 'canonical' MRO for Perl 6 classes, and the |
282 | default MRO for Parrot objects as well. |
283 | |
284 | =head2 How does C3 work. |
285 | |
286 | C3 works by always preserving local precendence ordering. This essentially means that no class will |
287 | appear before any of it's subclasses. Take the classic diamond inheritence pattern for instance: |
288 | |
d401eda1 |
289 | <A> |
290 | / \ |
291 | <B> <C> |
292 | \ / |
293 | <D> |
95bebf8c |
294 | |
295 | The standard Perl 5 MRO would be (D, B, A, C). The result being that B<A> appears before B<C>, even |
296 | though B<C> is the subclass of B<A>. The C3 MRO algorithm however, produces the following MRO |
297 | (D, B, C, A), which does not have this same issue. |
298 | |
299 | This example is fairly trival, for more complex examples and a deeper explaination, see the links in |
300 | the L<SEE ALSO> section. |
301 | |
302 | =head2 How does this module work? |
303 | |
2ffffc6d |
304 | This module uses a technique similar to Perl 5's method caching. When C<Class::C3::initialize> is |
305 | called, this module calculates the MRO of all the classes which called C<use Class::C3>. It then |
306 | gathers information from the symbol tables of each of those classes, and builds a set of method |
307 | aliases for the correct dispatch ordering. Once all these C3-based method tables are created, it |
308 | then adds the method aliases into the local classes symbol table. |
95bebf8c |
309 | |
310 | The end result is actually classes with pre-cached method dispatch. However, this caching does not |
311 | do well if you start changing your C<@ISA> or messing with class symbol tables, so you should consider |
312 | your classes to be effectively closed. See the L<CAVEATS> section for more details. |
313 | |
d401eda1 |
314 | =head1 OPTIONAL LOWERCASE PRAGMA |
315 | |
316 | This release also includes an optional module B<c3> in the F<opt/> folder. I did not include this in |
317 | the regular install since lowercase module names are considered I<"bad"> by some people. However I |
318 | think that code looks much nicer like this: |
319 | |
320 | package MyClass; |
321 | use c3; |
322 | |
323 | The the more clunky: |
324 | |
325 | package MyClass; |
326 | use Class::C3; |
327 | |
328 | But hey, it's your choice, thats why it is optional. |
329 | |
95bebf8c |
330 | =head1 FUNCTIONS |
331 | |
332 | =over 4 |
333 | |
334 | =item B<calculateMRO ($class)> |
335 | |
336 | Given a C<$class> this will return an array of class names in the proper C3 method resolution order. |
337 | |
d401eda1 |
338 | =item B<initialize> |
339 | |
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340 | This B<must be called> to initalize the C3 method dispatch tables, this module B<will not work> if |
5f01eb5f |
341 | you do not do this. It is advised to do this as soon as possible B<after> loading any classes which |
342 | use C3. Here is a quick code example: |
343 | |
344 | package Foo; |
345 | use Class::C3; |
346 | # ... Foo methods here |
347 | |
348 | package Bar; |
349 | use Class::C3; |
350 | use base 'Foo'; |
351 | # ... Bar methods here |
352 | |
353 | package main; |
354 | |
355 | Class::C3::initialize(); # now it is safe to use Foo and Bar |
2ffffc6d |
356 | |
357 | This function used to be called automatically for you in the INIT phase of the perl compiler, but |
358 | that lead to warnings if this module was required at runtime. After discussion with my user base |
359 | (the L<DBIx::Class> folks), we decided that calling this in INIT was more of an annoyance than a |
360 | convience. I apologize to anyone this causes problems for (although i would very suprised if I had |
361 | any other users other than the L<DBIx::Class> folks). The simplest solution of course is to define |
362 | your own INIT method which calls this function. |
d401eda1 |
363 | |
364 | NOTE: |
ff168601 |
365 | |
366 | If C<initialize> detects that C<initialize> has already been executed, it will L</uninitialize> and |
367 | clear the MRO cache first. |
d0e2efe5 |
368 | |
369 | =item B<uninitialize> |
370 | |
371 | Calling this function results in the removal of all cached methods, and the restoration of the old Perl 5 |
372 | style dispatch order (depth-first, left-to-right). |
373 | |
374 | =item B<reinitialize> |
375 | |
ff168601 |
376 | This is an alias for L</initialize> above. |
d401eda1 |
377 | |
95bebf8c |
378 | =back |
379 | |
5d5c86d9 |
380 | =head1 METHOD REDISPATCHING |
381 | |
382 | It is always useful to be able to re-dispatch your method call to the "next most applicable method". This |
383 | module provides a pseudo package along the lines of C<SUPER::> or C<NEXT::> which will re-dispatch the |
384 | method along the C3 linearization. This is best show with an examples. |
385 | |
386 | # a classic diamond MI pattern ... |
387 | <A> |
388 | / \ |
389 | <B> <C> |
390 | \ / |
391 | <D> |
392 | |
393 | package A; |
394 | use c3; |
395 | sub foo { 'A::foo' } |
396 | |
397 | package B; |
398 | use base 'A'; |
399 | use c3; |
400 | sub foo { 'B::foo => ' . (shift)->next::method() } |
401 | |
402 | package B; |
403 | use base 'A'; |
404 | use c3; |
405 | sub foo { 'C::foo => ' . (shift)->next::method() } |
406 | |
407 | package D; |
408 | use base ('B', 'C'); |
409 | use c3; |
410 | sub foo { 'D::foo => ' . (shift)->next::method() } |
411 | |
412 | print D->foo; # prints out "D::foo => B::foo => C::foo => A::foo" |
413 | |
414 | A few things to note. First, we do not require you to add on the method name to the C<next::method> |
415 | call (this is unlike C<NEXT::> and C<SUPER::> which do require that). This helps to enforce the rule |
416 | that you cannot dispatch to a method of a different name (this is how C<NEXT::> behaves as well). |
417 | |
418 | The next thing to keep in mind is that you will need to pass all arguments to C<next::method> it can |
419 | not automatically use the current C<@_>. |
420 | |
322a5920 |
421 | If C<next::method> cannot find a next method to re-dispatch the call to, it will throw an exception. |
422 | You can use C<next::can> to see if C<next::method> will succeed before you call it like so: |
423 | |
424 | $self->next::method(@_) if $self->next::can; |
425 | |
fa91a1c7 |
426 | Additionally, you can use C<maybe::next::method> as a shortcut to only call the next method if it exists. |
427 | The previous example could be simply written as: |
428 | |
429 | $self->maybe::next::method(@_); |
322a5920 |
430 | |
2ffffc6d |
431 | There are some caveats about using C<next::method>, see below for those. |
95bebf8c |
432 | |
2ffffc6d |
433 | =head1 CAVEATS |
95bebf8c |
434 | |
2ffffc6d |
435 | This module used to be labeled as I<experimental>, however it has now been pretty heavily tested by |
436 | the good folks over at L<DBIx::Class> and I am confident this module is perfectly usable for |
437 | whatever your needs might be. |
95bebf8c |
438 | |
2ffffc6d |
439 | But there are still caveats, so here goes ... |
95bebf8c |
440 | |
441 | =over 4 |
442 | |
443 | =item Use of C<SUPER::>. |
444 | |
445 | The idea of C<SUPER::> under multiple inheritence is ambigious, and generally not recomended anyway. |
446 | However, it's use in conjuntion with this module is very much not recommended, and in fact very |
5d5c86d9 |
447 | discouraged. The recommended approach is to instead use the supplied C<next::method> feature, see |
448 | more details on it's usage above. |
95bebf8c |
449 | |
450 | =item Changing C<@ISA>. |
451 | |
452 | It is the author's opinion that changing C<@ISA> at runtime is pure insanity anyway. However, people |
453 | do it, so I must caveat. Any changes to the C<@ISA> will not be reflected in the MRO calculated by this |
d0e2efe5 |
454 | module, and therefor probably won't even show up. If you do this, you will need to call C<reinitialize> |
455 | in order to recalulate B<all> method dispatch tables. See the C<reinitialize> documentation and an example |
456 | in F<t/20_reinitialize.t> for more information. |
95bebf8c |
457 | |
458 | =item Adding/deleting methods from class symbol tables. |
459 | |
2ffffc6d |
460 | This module calculates the MRO for each requested class by interogatting the symbol tables of said classes. |
461 | So any symbol table manipulation which takes place after our INIT phase is run will not be reflected in |
462 | the calculated MRO. Just as with changing the C<@ISA>, you will need to call C<reinitialize> for any |
463 | changes you make to take effect. |
95bebf8c |
464 | |
2ffffc6d |
465 | =item Calling C<next::method> from methods defined outside the class |
95bebf8c |
466 | |
2ffffc6d |
467 | There is an edge case when using C<next::method> from within a subroutine which was created in a different |
468 | module than the one it is called from. It sounds complicated, but it really isn't. Here is an example which |
469 | will not work correctly: |
15eeb546 |
470 | |
2ffffc6d |
471 | *Foo::foo = sub { (shift)->next::method(@_) }; |
472 | |
473 | The problem exists because the anonymous subroutine being assigned to the glob C<*Foo::foo> will show up |
474 | in the call stack as being called C<__ANON__> and not C<foo> as you might expect. Since C<next::method> |
475 | uses C<caller> to find the name of the method it was called in, it will fail in this case. |
15eeb546 |
476 | |
2ffffc6d |
477 | But fear not, there is a simple solution. The module C<Sub::Name> will reach into the perl internals and |
478 | assign a name to an anonymous subroutine for you. Simply do this: |
479 | |
480 | use Sub::Name 'subname'; |
481 | *Foo::foo = subname 'Foo::foo' => sub { (shift)->next::method(@_) }; |
15eeb546 |
482 | |
2ffffc6d |
483 | and things will Just Work. Of course this is not always possible to do, but to be honest, I just can't |
484 | manage to find a workaround for it, so until someone gives me a working patch this will be a known |
485 | limitation of this module. |
15eeb546 |
486 | |
5d5c86d9 |
487 | =back |
15eeb546 |
488 | |
0a4d4e25 |
489 | =head1 COMPATIBILITY |
490 | |
56215427 |
491 | If your software requires Perl 5.9.5 or higher, you do not need L<Class::C3>, you can simply C<use mro 'c3'>, and not worry about C<initialize()>, avoid some of the above caveats, and get the best possible performance. See L<mro> for more details. |
0a4d4e25 |
492 | |
493 | If your software is meant to work on earlier Perls, use L<Class::C3> as documented here. L<Class::C3> will detect Perl 5.9.5+ and take advantage of the core support when available. |
494 | |
495 | =head1 Class::C3::XS |
496 | |
497 | This module will load L<Class::C3::XS> if it's installed and you are running on a Perl version older than 5.9.5. Installing this is recommended when possible, as it results in significant performance improvements (but unlike the 5.9.5+ core support, it still has all of the same caveats as L<Class::C3>). |
498 | |
5d5c86d9 |
499 | =head1 CODE COVERAGE |
15eeb546 |
500 | |
ac6b0914 |
501 | I use B<Devel::Cover> to test the code coverage of my tests, below is the B<Devel::Cover> report on this |
502 | module's test suite. |
5d5c86d9 |
503 | |
504 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
505 | File stmt bran cond sub pod time total |
506 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
58f0eafe |
507 | Class/C3.pm 98.3 84.4 80.0 96.2 100.0 98.4 94.4 |
5d5c86d9 |
508 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
58f0eafe |
509 | Total 98.3 84.4 80.0 96.2 100.0 98.4 94.4 |
5d5c86d9 |
510 | ---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ |
15eeb546 |
511 | |
95bebf8c |
512 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
513 | |
514 | =head2 The original Dylan paper |
515 | |
516 | =over 4 |
517 | |
518 | =item L<http://www.webcom.com/haahr/dylan/linearization-oopsla96.html> |
519 | |
520 | =back |
521 | |
522 | =head2 The prototype Perl 6 Object Model uses C3 |
523 | |
524 | =over 4 |
525 | |
526 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel/> |
527 | |
528 | =back |
529 | |
530 | =head2 Parrot now uses C3 |
531 | |
532 | =over 4 |
533 | |
534 | =item L<http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/perl6-internals/2746631> |
535 | |
536 | =item L<http://use.perl.org/~autrijus/journal/25768> |
537 | |
538 | =back |
539 | |
540 | =head2 Python 2.3 MRO related links |
541 | |
542 | =over 4 |
543 | |
544 | =item L<http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html> |
545 | |
546 | =item L<http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#mro> |
547 | |
548 | =back |
549 | |
550 | =head2 C3 for TinyCLOS |
551 | |
552 | =over 4 |
553 | |
554 | =item L<http://www.call-with-current-continuation.org/eggs/c3.html> |
555 | |
556 | =back |
557 | |
bad9dc59 |
558 | =head1 ACKNOWLEGEMENTS |
559 | |
560 | =over 4 |
561 | |
562 | =item Thanks to Matt S. Trout for using this module in his module L<DBIx::Class> |
563 | and finding many bugs and providing fixes. |
564 | |
565 | =item Thanks to Justin Guenther for making C<next::method> more robust by handling |
566 | calls inside C<eval> and anon-subs. |
567 | |
f480cda1 |
568 | =item Thanks to Robert Norris for adding support for C<next::can> and |
569 | C<maybe::next::method>. |
570 | |
bad9dc59 |
571 | =back |
572 | |
95bebf8c |
573 | =head1 AUTHOR |
574 | |
d401eda1 |
575 | Stevan Little, E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
95bebf8c |
576 | |
6262b4cf |
577 | Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt> |
578 | |
95bebf8c |
579 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
580 | |
08c29211 |
581 | Copyright 2005, 2006 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
95bebf8c |
582 | |
583 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
584 | |
585 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
586 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
587 | |
f4a893b2 |
588 | =cut |