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1 | package Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained; |
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2 | |
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3 | use Moose; |
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4 | extends 'Catalyst::DispatchType'; |
5 | |
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6 | use Text::SimpleTable; |
7 | use Catalyst::ActionChain; |
8 | use URI; |
9 | |
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10 | has _endpoints => ( |
11 | is => 'rw', |
12 | isa => 'ArrayRef', |
13 | required => 1, |
14 | default => sub{ [] }, |
15 | ); |
16 | |
17 | has _actions => ( |
18 | is => 'rw', |
19 | isa => 'HashRef', |
20 | required => 1, |
21 | default => sub{ {} }, |
22 | ); |
23 | |
24 | has _children_of => ( |
25 | is => 'rw', |
26 | isa => 'HashRef', |
27 | required => 1, |
28 | default => sub{ {} }, |
29 | ); |
30 | |
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31 | # please don't perltidy this. hairy code within. |
32 | |
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33 | =head1 NAME |
34 | |
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35 | Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained - Path Part DispatchType |
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36 | |
37 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
38 | |
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39 | # root action - captures one argument after it |
40 | sub foo_setup : Chained('/') PathPart('foo') CaptureArgs(1) { |
41 | my ( $self, $c, $foo_arg ) = @_; |
42 | ... |
43 | } |
44 | |
45 | # child action endpoint - takes one argument |
46 | sub bar : Chained('foo_setup') Args(1) { |
47 | my ( $self, $c, $bar_arg ) = @_; |
48 | ... |
49 | } |
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50 | |
51 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
52 | |
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53 | See L</USAGE>. |
54 | |
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55 | =head1 METHODS |
56 | |
57 | =head2 $self->list($c) |
58 | |
59 | Debug output for Path Part dispatch points |
60 | |
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61 | =cut |
62 | |
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63 | sub list { |
64 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
65 | |
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66 | return unless $self->_endpoints; |
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67 | |
68 | my $paths = Text::SimpleTable->new( |
69 | [ 35, 'Path Spec' ], [ 36, 'Private' ] |
70 | ); |
71 | |
72 | ENDPOINT: foreach my $endpoint ( |
73 | sort { $a->reverse cmp $b->reverse } |
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74 | @{ $self->_endpoints } |
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75 | ) { |
76 | my $args = $endpoint->attributes->{Args}->[0]; |
77 | my @parts = (defined($args) ? (("*") x $args) : '...'); |
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78 | my @parents = (); |
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79 | my $parent = "DUMMY"; |
80 | my $curr = $endpoint; |
81 | while ($curr) { |
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82 | if (my $cap = $curr->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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83 | unshift(@parts, (("*") x $cap->[0])); |
84 | } |
85 | if (my $pp = $curr->attributes->{PartPath}) { |
86 | unshift(@parts, $pp->[0]) |
87 | if (defined $pp->[0] && length $pp->[0]); |
88 | } |
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89 | $parent = $curr->attributes->{Chained}->[0]; |
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90 | $curr = $self->_actions->{$parent}; |
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91 | unshift(@parents, $curr) if $curr; |
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92 | } |
93 | next ENDPOINT unless $parent eq '/'; # skip dangling action |
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94 | my @rows; |
95 | foreach my $p (@parents) { |
96 | my $name = "/${p}"; |
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97 | if (my $cap = $p->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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98 | $name .= ' ('.$cap->[0].')'; |
99 | } |
100 | unless ($p eq $parents[0]) { |
101 | $name = "-> ${name}"; |
102 | } |
103 | push(@rows, [ '', $name ]); |
104 | } |
105 | push(@rows, [ '', (@rows ? "=> " : '')."/${endpoint}" ]); |
106 | $rows[0][0] = join('/', '', @parts); |
107 | $paths->row(@$_) for @rows; |
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108 | } |
109 | |
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110 | $c->log->debug( "Loaded Chained actions:\n" . $paths->draw . "\n" ); |
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111 | } |
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112 | |
113 | =head2 $self->match( $c, $path ) |
114 | |
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115 | Calls C<recurse_match> to see if a chain matches the C<$path>. |
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116 | |
117 | =cut |
118 | |
119 | sub match { |
120 | my ( $self, $c, $path ) = @_; |
121 | |
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122 | my $request = $c->request; |
123 | return 0 if @{$request->args}; |
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124 | |
125 | my @parts = split('/', $path); |
126 | |
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127 | my ($chain, $captures, $parts) = $self->recurse_match($c, '/', \@parts); |
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128 | push @{$request->args}, @$parts if $parts && @$parts; |
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129 | |
130 | return 0 unless $chain; |
131 | |
132 | my $action = Catalyst::ActionChain->from_chain($chain); |
133 | |
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134 | $request->action("/${action}"); |
135 | $request->match("/${action}"); |
136 | $request->captures($captures); |
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137 | $c->action($action); |
138 | $c->namespace( $action->namespace ); |
139 | |
140 | return 1; |
141 | } |
142 | |
143 | =head2 $self->recurse_match( $c, $parent, \@path_parts ) |
144 | |
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145 | Recursive search for a matching chain. |
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146 | |
147 | =cut |
148 | |
149 | sub recurse_match { |
150 | my ( $self, $c, $parent, $path_parts ) = @_; |
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151 | my $children = $self->_children_of->{$parent}; |
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152 | return () unless $children; |
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153 | my $best_action; |
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154 | my @captures; |
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155 | TRY: foreach my $try_part (sort { length($b) <=> length($a) } |
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156 | keys %$children) { |
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157 | # $b then $a to try longest part first |
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158 | my @parts = @$path_parts; |
159 | if (length $try_part) { # test and strip PathPart |
160 | next TRY unless |
161 | ($try_part eq join('/', # assemble equal number of parts |
162 | splice( # and strip them off @parts as well |
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163 | @parts, 0, scalar(@{[split('/', $try_part)]}) |
164 | ))); # @{[]} to avoid split to @_ |
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165 | } |
166 | my @try_actions = @{$children->{$try_part}}; |
167 | TRY_ACTION: foreach my $action (@try_actions) { |
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168 | if (my $capture_attr = $action->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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169 | |
170 | # Short-circuit if not enough remaining parts |
171 | next TRY_ACTION unless @parts >= $capture_attr->[0]; |
172 | |
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173 | my @captures; |
174 | my @parts = @parts; # localise |
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175 | |
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176 | # strip CaptureArgs into list |
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177 | push(@captures, splice(@parts, 0, $capture_attr->[0])); |
178 | |
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179 | # try the remaining parts against children of this action |
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180 | my ($actions, $captures, $action_parts) = $self->recurse_match( |
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181 | $c, '/'.$action->reverse, \@parts |
182 | ); |
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183 | if ($actions && (!$best_action || $#$action_parts < $#{$best_action->{parts}})){ |
184 | $best_action = { |
185 | actions => [ $action, @$actions ], |
186 | captures=> [ @captures, @$captures ], |
187 | parts => $action_parts |
188 | }; |
189 | } |
190 | } |
191 | else { |
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192 | { |
193 | local $c->req->{arguments} = [ @{$c->req->args}, @parts ]; |
194 | next TRY_ACTION unless $action->match($c); |
195 | } |
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196 | my $args_attr = $action->attributes->{Args}->[0]; |
197 | |
198 | # No best action currently |
199 | # OR This one matches with fewer parts left than the current best action, |
200 | # And therefore is a better match |
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201 | # OR No parts and this expects 0 |
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202 | # The current best action might also be Args(0), |
203 | # but we couldn't chose between then anyway so we'll take the last seen |
204 | |
205 | if (!$best_action || |
206 | @parts < @{$best_action->{parts}} || |
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207 | (!@parts && $args_attr eq 0)){ |
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208 | $best_action = { |
209 | actions => [ $action ], |
210 | captures=> [], |
211 | parts => \@parts |
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212 | } |
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213 | } |
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214 | } |
215 | } |
216 | } |
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217 | return @$best_action{qw/actions captures parts/} if $best_action; |
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218 | return (); |
219 | } |
220 | |
221 | =head2 $self->register( $c, $action ) |
222 | |
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223 | Calls register_path for every Path attribute for the given $action. |
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224 | |
225 | =cut |
226 | |
227 | sub register { |
228 | my ( $self, $c, $action ) = @_; |
229 | |
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230 | my @chained_attr = @{ $action->attributes->{Chained} || [] }; |
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231 | |
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232 | return 0 unless @chained_attr; |
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233 | |
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234 | if (@chained_attr > 2) { |
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235 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
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236 | "Multiple Chained attributes not supported registering ${action}" |
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237 | ); |
238 | } |
239 | |
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240 | my $parent = $chained_attr[0]; |
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241 | |
242 | if (defined($parent) && length($parent)) { |
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243 | if ($parent eq '.') { |
244 | $parent = '/'.$action->namespace; |
245 | } elsif ($parent !~ m/^\//) { |
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246 | if ($action->namespace) { |
247 | $parent = '/'.join('/', $action->namespace, $parent); |
248 | } else { |
249 | $parent = '/'.$parent; # special case namespace '' (root) |
250 | } |
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251 | } |
252 | } else { |
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253 | $parent = '/' |
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254 | } |
255 | |
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256 | $action->attributes->{Chained} = [ $parent ]; |
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257 | |
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258 | my $children = ($self->_children_of->{$parent} ||= {}); |
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259 | |
260 | my @path_part = @{ $action->attributes->{PathPart} || [] }; |
261 | |
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262 | my $part = $action->name; |
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263 | |
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264 | if (@path_part == 1 && defined $path_part[0]) { |
265 | $part = $path_part[0]; |
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266 | } elsif (@path_part > 1) { |
267 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
268 | "Multiple PathPart attributes not supported registering ${action}" |
269 | ); |
270 | } |
271 | |
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272 | if ($part =~ m(^/)) { |
273 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
274 | "Absolute parameters to PathPart not allowed registering ${action}" |
275 | ); |
276 | } |
277 | |
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278 | $action->attributes->{PartPath} = [ $part ]; |
279 | |
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280 | unshift(@{ $children->{$part} ||= [] }, $action); |
281 | |
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282 | $self->_actions->{'/'.$action->reverse} = $action; |
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283 | |
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284 | unless ($action->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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285 | unshift(@{ $self->_endpoints }, $action); |
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286 | } |
287 | |
288 | return 1; |
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289 | } |
290 | |
291 | =head2 $self->uri_for_action($action, $captures) |
292 | |
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293 | Get the URI part for the action, using C<$captures> to fill |
294 | the capturing parts. |
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295 | |
296 | =cut |
297 | |
298 | sub uri_for_action { |
299 | my ( $self, $action, $captures ) = @_; |
300 | |
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301 | return undef unless ($action->attributes->{Chained} |
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302 | && !$action->attributes->{CaptureArgs}); |
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303 | |
304 | my @parts = (); |
305 | my @captures = @$captures; |
306 | my $parent = "DUMMY"; |
307 | my $curr = $action; |
308 | while ($curr) { |
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309 | if (my $cap = $curr->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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310 | return undef unless @captures >= $cap->[0]; # not enough captures |
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311 | if ($cap->[0]) { |
312 | unshift(@parts, splice(@captures, -$cap->[0])); |
313 | } |
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314 | } |
315 | if (my $pp = $curr->attributes->{PartPath}) { |
316 | unshift(@parts, $pp->[0]) |
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317 | if (defined($pp->[0]) && length($pp->[0])); |
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318 | } |
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319 | $parent = $curr->attributes->{Chained}->[0]; |
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320 | $curr = $self->_actions->{$parent}; |
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321 | } |
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322 | |
323 | return undef unless $parent eq '/'; # fail for dangling action |
324 | |
325 | return undef if @captures; # fail for too many captures |
326 | |
327 | return join('/', '', @parts); |
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328 | |
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329 | } |
330 | |
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331 | __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable; |
332 | |
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333 | =head1 USAGE |
334 | |
335 | =head2 Introduction |
336 | |
337 | The C<Chained> attribute allows you to chain public path parts together |
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338 | by their private names. A chain part's path can be specified with |
339 | C<PathPart> and can be declared to expect an arbitrary number of |
340 | arguments. The endpoint of the chain specifies how many arguments it |
341 | gets through the C<Args> attribute. C<:Args(0)> would be none at all, |
342 | C<:Args> without an integer would be unlimited. The path parts that |
343 | aren't endpoints are using C<CaptureArgs> to specify how many parameters |
344 | they expect to receive. As an example setup: |
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345 | |
346 | package MyApp::Controller::Greeting; |
347 | use base qw/ Catalyst::Controller /; |
348 | |
349 | # this is the beginning of our chain |
350 | sub hello : PathPart('hello') Chained('/') CaptureArgs(1) { |
351 | my ( $self, $c, $integer ) = @_; |
352 | $c->stash->{ message } = "Hello "; |
353 | $c->stash->{ arg_sum } = $integer; |
354 | } |
355 | |
356 | # this is our endpoint, because it has no :CaptureArgs |
357 | sub world : PathPart('world') Chained('hello') Args(1) { |
358 | my ( $self, $c, $integer ) = @_; |
359 | $c->stash->{ message } .= "World!"; |
360 | $c->stash->{ arg_sum } += $integer; |
361 | |
362 | $c->response->body( join "<br/>\n" => |
363 | $c->stash->{ message }, $c->stash->{ arg_sum } ); |
364 | } |
365 | |
366 | The debug output provides a separate table for chained actions, showing |
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367 | the whole chain as it would match and the actions it contains. Here's an |
368 | example of the startup output with our actions above: |
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369 | |
370 | ... |
371 | [debug] Loaded Path Part actions: |
372 | .-----------------------+------------------------------. |
373 | | Path Spec | Private | |
374 | +-----------------------+------------------------------+ |
375 | | /hello/*/world/* | /greeting/hello (1) | |
376 | | | => /greeting/world | |
377 | '-----------------------+------------------------------' |
378 | ... |
379 | |
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380 | As you can see, Catalyst only deals with chains as whole paths and |
381 | builds one for each endpoint, which are the actions with C<:Chained> but |
382 | without C<:CaptureArgs>. |
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383 | |
384 | Let's assume this application gets a request at the path |
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385 | C</hello/23/world/12>. What happens then? First, Catalyst will dispatch |
386 | to the C<hello> action and pass the value C<23> as an argument to it |
387 | after the context. It does so because we have previously used |
388 | C<:CaptureArgs(1)> to declare that it has one path part after itself as |
389 | its argument. We told Catalyst that this is the beginning of the chain |
390 | by specifying C<:Chained('/')>. Also note that instead of saying |
391 | C<:PathPart('hello')> we could also just have said C<:PathPart>, as it |
392 | defaults to the name of the action. |
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393 | |
394 | After C<hello> has run, Catalyst goes on to dispatch to the C<world> |
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395 | action. This is the last action to be called: Catalyst knows this is an |
396 | endpoint because we did not specify a C<:CaptureArgs> |
397 | attribute. Nevertheless we specify that this action expects an argument, |
398 | but at this point we're using C<:Args(1)> to do that. We could also have |
399 | said C<:Args> or left it out altogether, which would mean this action |
400 | would get all arguments that are there. This action's C<:Chained> |
401 | attribute says C<hello> and tells Catalyst that the C<hello> action in |
402 | the current controller is its parent. |
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403 | |
404 | With this we have built a chain consisting of two public path parts. |
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405 | C<hello> captures one part of the path as its argument, and also |
406 | specifies the path root as its parent. So this part is |
407 | C</hello/$arg>. The next part is the endpoint C<world>, expecting one |
408 | argument. It sums up to the path part C<world/$arg>. This leads to a |
409 | complete chain of C</hello/$arg/world/$arg> which is matched against the |
410 | requested paths. |
411 | |
412 | This example application would, if run and called by e.g. |
413 | C</hello/23/world/12>, set the stash value C<message> to "Hello" and the |
414 | value C<arg_sum> to "23". The C<world> action would then append "World!" |
415 | to C<message> and add C<12> to the stash's C<arg_sum> value. For the |
416 | sake of simplicity no view is shown. Instead we just put the values of |
417 | the stash into our body. So the output would look like: |
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418 | |
419 | Hello World! |
420 | 35 |
421 | |
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422 | And our test server would have given us this debugging output for the |
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423 | request: |
424 | |
425 | ... |
426 | [debug] "GET" request for "hello/23/world/12" from "127.0.0.1" |
427 | [debug] Path is "/greeting/world" |
428 | [debug] Arguments are "12" |
429 | [info] Request took 0.164113s (6.093/s) |
430 | .------------------------------------------+-----------. |
431 | | Action | Time | |
432 | +------------------------------------------+-----------+ |
433 | | /greeting/hello | 0.000029s | |
434 | | /greeting/world | 0.000024s | |
435 | '------------------------------------------+-----------' |
436 | ... |
437 | |
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438 | What would be common uses of this dispatch technique? It gives the |
439 | possibility to split up logic that contains steps that each depend on |
440 | each other. An example would be, for example, a wiki path like |
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441 | C</wiki/FooBarPage/rev/23/view>. This chain can be easily built with |
442 | these actions: |
443 | |
444 | sub wiki : PathPart('wiki') Chained('/') CaptureArgs(1) { |
445 | my ( $self, $c, $page_name ) = @_; |
446 | # load the page named $page_name and put the object |
447 | # into the stash |
448 | } |
449 | |
450 | sub rev : PathPart('rev') Chained('wiki') CaptureArgs(1) { |
451 | my ( $self, $c, $revision_id ) = @_; |
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452 | # use the page object in the stash to get at its |
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453 | # revision with number $revision_id |
454 | } |
455 | |
456 | sub view : PathPart Chained('rev') Args(0) { |
457 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
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458 | # display the revision in our stash. Another option |
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459 | # would be to forward a compatible object to the action |
460 | # that displays the default wiki pages, unless we want |
461 | # a different interface here, for example restore |
462 | # functionality. |
463 | } |
464 | |
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465 | It would now be possible to add other endpoints, for example C<restore> |
466 | to restore this specific revision as the current state. |
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467 | |
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468 | You don't have to put all the chained actions in one controller. The |
469 | specification of the parent through C<:Chained> also takes an absolute |
470 | action path as its argument. Just specify it with a leading C</>. |
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471 | |
472 | If you want, for example, to have actions for the public paths |
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473 | C</foo/12/edit> and C</foo/12>, just specify two actions with |
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474 | C<:PathPart('foo')> and C<:Chained('/')>. The handler for the former |
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475 | path needs a C<:CaptureArgs(1)> attribute and a endpoint with |
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476 | C<:PathPart('edit')> and C<:Chained('foo')>. For the latter path give |
477 | the action just a C<:Args(1)> to mark it as endpoint. This sums up to |
478 | this debugging output: |
479 | |
480 | ... |
481 | [debug] Loaded Path Part actions: |
482 | .-----------------------+------------------------------. |
483 | | Path Spec | Private | |
484 | +-----------------------+------------------------------+ |
485 | | /foo/* | /controller/foo_view | |
486 | | /foo/*/edit | /controller/foo_load (1) | |
487 | | | => /controller/edit | |
488 | '-----------------------+------------------------------' |
489 | ... |
490 | |
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491 | Here's a more detailed specification of the attributes belonging to |
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492 | C<:Chained>: |
493 | |
494 | =head2 Attributes |
495 | |
496 | =over 8 |
497 | |
498 | =item PathPart |
499 | |
500 | Sets the name of this part of the chain. If it is specified without |
501 | arguments, it takes the name of the action as default. So basically |
502 | C<sub foo :PathPart> and C<sub foo :PathPart('foo')> are identical. |
503 | This can also contain slashes to bind to a deeper level. An action |
504 | with C<sub bar :PathPart('foo/bar') :Chained('/')> would bind to |
505 | C</foo/bar/...>. If you don't specify C<:PathPart> it has the same |
506 | effect as using C<:PathPart>, it would default to the action name. |
507 | |
508 | =item Chained |
509 | |
510 | Has to be specified for every child in the chain. Possible values are |
511 | absolute and relative private action paths, with the relatives pointing |
512 | to the current controller, or a single slash C</> to tell Catalyst that |
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513 | this is the root of a chain. The attribute C<:Chained> without arguments |
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514 | also defaults to the C</> behavior. |
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515 | |
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516 | Because you can specify an absolute path to the parent action, it |
517 | doesn't matter to Catalyst where that parent is located. So, if your |
518 | design requests it, you can redispatch a chain through any controller or |
519 | namespace you want. |
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520 | |
521 | Another interesting possibility gives C<:Chained('.')>, which chains |
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522 | itself to an action with the path of the current controller's namespace. |
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523 | For example: |
524 | |
525 | # in MyApp::Controller::Foo |
526 | sub bar : Chained CaptureArgs(1) { ... } |
527 | |
528 | # in MyApp::Controller::Foo::Bar |
529 | sub baz : Chained('.') Args(1) { ... } |
530 | |
531 | This builds up a chain like C</bar/*/baz/*>. The specification of C<.> |
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532 | as the argument to Chained here chains the C<baz> action to an action |
533 | with the path of the current controller namespace, namely |
534 | C</foo/bar>. That action chains directly to C</>, so the C</bar/*/baz/*> |
535 | chain comes out as the end product. |
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536 | |
537 | =item CaptureArgs |
538 | |
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539 | Must be specified for every part of the chain that is not an |
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540 | endpoint. With this attribute Catalyst knows how many of the following |
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541 | parts of the path (separated by C</>) this action wants to capture as |
542 | its arguments. If it doesn't expect any, just specify |
543 | C<:CaptureArgs(0)>. The captures get passed to the action's C<@_> right |
544 | after the context, but you can also find them as array references in |
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545 | C<$c-E<gt>request-E<gt>captures-E<gt>[$level]>. The C<$level> is the |
546 | level of the action in the chain that captured the parts of the path. |
547 | |
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548 | An action that is part of a chain (that is, one that has a C<:Chained> |
549 | attribute) but has no C<:CaptureArgs> attribute is treated by Catalyst |
550 | as a chain end. |
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551 | |
552 | =item Args |
553 | |
554 | By default, endpoints receive the rest of the arguments in the path. You |
555 | can tell Catalyst through C<:Args> explicitly how many arguments your |
556 | endpoint expects, just like you can with C<:CaptureArgs>. Note that this |
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557 | also affects whether this chain is invoked on a request. A chain with an |
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558 | endpoint specifying one argument will only match if exactly one argument |
559 | exists in the path. |
560 | |
561 | You can specify an exact number of arguments like C<:Args(3)>, including |
562 | C<0>. If you just say C<:Args> without any arguments, it is the same as |
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563 | leaving it out altogether: The chain is matched regardless of the number |
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564 | of path parts after the endpoint. |
565 | |
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566 | Just as with C<:CaptureArgs>, the arguments get passed to the action in |
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567 | C<@_> after the context object. They can also be reached through |
568 | C<$c-E<gt>request-E<gt>arguments>. |
569 | |
570 | =back |
571 | |
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572 | =head2 Auto actions, dispatching and forwarding |
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573 | |
574 | Note that the list of C<auto> actions called depends on the private path |
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575 | of the endpoint of the chain, not on the chained actions way. The |
576 | C<auto> actions will be run before the chain dispatching begins. In |
577 | every other aspect, C<auto> actions behave as documented. |
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578 | |
579 | The C<forward>ing to other actions does just what you would expect. But if |
580 | you C<detach> out of a chain, the rest of the chain will not get called |
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581 | after the C<detach>. |
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582 | |
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583 | =head1 AUTHOR |
584 | |
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585 | Matt S Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk> |
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586 | |
587 | =head1 COPYRIGHT |
588 | |
589 | This program is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under |
590 | the same terms as Perl itself. |
591 | |
592 | =cut |
593 | |
594 | 1; |