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1 | package Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained; |
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2 | |
3 | use strict; |
4 | use base qw/Catalyst::DispatchType/; |
5 | use Text::SimpleTable; |
6 | use Catalyst::ActionChain; |
7 | use URI; |
8 | |
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9 | # please don't perltidy this. hairy code within. |
10 | |
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11 | =head1 NAME |
12 | |
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13 | Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained - Path Part DispatchType |
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14 | |
15 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
16 | |
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17 | # root action - captures one argument after it |
18 | sub foo_setup : Chained('/') PathPart('foo') CaptureArgs(1) { |
19 | my ( $self, $c, $foo_arg ) = @_; |
20 | ... |
21 | } |
22 | |
23 | # child action endpoint - takes one argument |
24 | sub bar : Chained('foo_setup') Args(1) { |
25 | my ( $self, $c, $bar_arg ) = @_; |
26 | ... |
27 | } |
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28 | |
29 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
30 | |
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31 | See L</USAGE>. |
32 | |
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33 | =head1 METHODS |
34 | |
35 | =head2 $self->list($c) |
36 | |
37 | Debug output for Path Part dispatch points |
38 | |
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39 | =cut |
40 | |
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41 | sub list { |
42 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
43 | |
44 | return unless $self->{endpoints}; |
45 | |
46 | my $paths = Text::SimpleTable->new( |
47 | [ 35, 'Path Spec' ], [ 36, 'Private' ] |
48 | ); |
49 | |
50 | ENDPOINT: foreach my $endpoint ( |
51 | sort { $a->reverse cmp $b->reverse } |
52 | @{ $self->{endpoints} } |
53 | ) { |
54 | my $args = $endpoint->attributes->{Args}->[0]; |
55 | my @parts = (defined($args) ? (("*") x $args) : '...'); |
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56 | my @parents = (); |
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57 | my $parent = "DUMMY"; |
58 | my $curr = $endpoint; |
59 | while ($curr) { |
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60 | if (my $cap = $curr->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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61 | unshift(@parts, (("*") x $cap->[0])); |
62 | } |
63 | if (my $pp = $curr->attributes->{PartPath}) { |
64 | unshift(@parts, $pp->[0]) |
65 | if (defined $pp->[0] && length $pp->[0]); |
66 | } |
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67 | $parent = $curr->attributes->{Chained}->[0]; |
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68 | $curr = $self->{actions}{$parent}; |
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69 | unshift(@parents, $curr) if $curr; |
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70 | } |
71 | next ENDPOINT unless $parent eq '/'; # skip dangling action |
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72 | my @rows; |
73 | foreach my $p (@parents) { |
74 | my $name = "/${p}"; |
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75 | if (my $cap = $p->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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76 | $name .= ' ('.$cap->[0].')'; |
77 | } |
78 | unless ($p eq $parents[0]) { |
79 | $name = "-> ${name}"; |
80 | } |
81 | push(@rows, [ '', $name ]); |
82 | } |
83 | push(@rows, [ '', (@rows ? "=> " : '')."/${endpoint}" ]); |
84 | $rows[0][0] = join('/', '', @parts); |
85 | $paths->row(@$_) for @rows; |
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86 | } |
87 | |
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88 | $c->log->debug( "Loaded Chained actions:\n" . $paths->draw . "\n" ); |
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89 | } |
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90 | |
91 | =head2 $self->match( $c, $path ) |
92 | |
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93 | Calls C<recurse_match> to see if a chain matches the C<$path>. |
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94 | |
95 | =cut |
96 | |
97 | sub match { |
98 | my ( $self, $c, $path ) = @_; |
99 | |
100 | return 0 if @{$c->req->args}; |
101 | |
102 | my @parts = split('/', $path); |
103 | |
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104 | my ($chain, $captures, $parts) = $self->recurse_match($c, '/', \@parts); |
105 | push @{$c->req->args}, @$parts; |
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106 | |
107 | return 0 unless $chain; |
108 | |
109 | my $action = Catalyst::ActionChain->from_chain($chain); |
110 | |
111 | $c->req->action("/${action}"); |
112 | $c->req->match("/${action}"); |
113 | $c->req->captures($captures); |
114 | $c->action($action); |
115 | $c->namespace( $action->namespace ); |
116 | |
117 | return 1; |
118 | } |
119 | |
120 | =head2 $self->recurse_match( $c, $parent, \@path_parts ) |
121 | |
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122 | Recursive search for a matching chain. |
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123 | |
124 | =cut |
125 | |
126 | sub recurse_match { |
127 | my ( $self, $c, $parent, $path_parts ) = @_; |
128 | my $children = $self->{children_of}{$parent}; |
129 | return () unless $children; |
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130 | my $best_action; |
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131 | my @captures; |
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132 | TRY: foreach my $try_part (sort { length($b) <=> length($a) } |
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133 | keys %$children) { |
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134 | # $b then $a to try longest part first |
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135 | my @parts = @$path_parts; |
136 | if (length $try_part) { # test and strip PathPart |
137 | next TRY unless |
138 | ($try_part eq join('/', # assemble equal number of parts |
139 | splice( # and strip them off @parts as well |
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140 | @parts, 0, scalar(@{[split('/', $try_part)]}) |
141 | ))); # @{[]} to avoid split to @_ |
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142 | } |
143 | my @try_actions = @{$children->{$try_part}}; |
144 | TRY_ACTION: foreach my $action (@try_actions) { |
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145 | if (my $capture_attr = $action->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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146 | |
147 | # Short-circuit if not enough remaining parts |
148 | next TRY_ACTION unless @parts >= $capture_attr->[0]; |
149 | |
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150 | my @captures; |
151 | my @parts = @parts; # localise |
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152 | |
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153 | # strip CaptureArgs into list |
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154 | push(@captures, splice(@parts, 0, $capture_attr->[0])); |
155 | |
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156 | # try the remaining parts against children of this action |
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157 | my ($actions, $captures, $action_parts) = $self->recurse_match( |
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158 | $c, '/'.$action->reverse, \@parts |
159 | ); |
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160 | if ($actions && (!$best_action || $#$action_parts < $#{$best_action->{parts}})){ |
161 | $best_action = { |
162 | actions => [ $action, @$actions ], |
163 | captures=> [ @captures, @$captures ], |
164 | parts => $action_parts |
165 | }; |
166 | } |
167 | } |
168 | else { |
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169 | { |
170 | local $c->req->{arguments} = [ @{$c->req->args}, @parts ]; |
171 | next TRY_ACTION unless $action->match($c); |
172 | } |
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173 | if (!$best_action || $#parts < $#{$best_action->{parts}}){ |
174 | $best_action = { |
175 | actions => [ $action ], |
176 | captures=> [], |
177 | parts => \@parts |
178 | } |
179 | } |
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180 | } |
181 | } |
182 | } |
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183 | return @$best_action{qw/actions captures parts /} if $best_action; |
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184 | return (); |
185 | } |
186 | |
187 | =head2 $self->register( $c, $action ) |
188 | |
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189 | Calls register_path for every Path attribute for the given $action. |
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190 | |
191 | =cut |
192 | |
193 | sub register { |
194 | my ( $self, $c, $action ) = @_; |
195 | |
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196 | my @chained_attr = @{ $action->attributes->{Chained} || [] }; |
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197 | |
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198 | return 0 unless @chained_attr; |
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199 | |
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200 | if (@chained_attr > 2) { |
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201 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
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202 | "Multiple Chained attributes not supported registering ${action}" |
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203 | ); |
204 | } |
205 | |
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206 | my $parent = $chained_attr[0]; |
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207 | |
208 | if (defined($parent) && length($parent)) { |
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209 | if ($parent eq '.') { |
210 | $parent = '/'.$action->namespace; |
211 | } elsif ($parent !~ m/^\//) { |
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212 | if ($action->namespace) { |
213 | $parent = '/'.join('/', $action->namespace, $parent); |
214 | } else { |
215 | $parent = '/'.$parent; # special case namespace '' (root) |
216 | } |
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217 | } |
218 | } else { |
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219 | $parent = '/' |
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220 | } |
221 | |
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222 | $action->attributes->{Chained} = [ $parent ]; |
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223 | |
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224 | my $children = ($self->{children_of}{$parent} ||= {}); |
225 | |
226 | my @path_part = @{ $action->attributes->{PathPart} || [] }; |
227 | |
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228 | my $part = $action->name; |
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229 | |
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230 | if (@path_part == 1 && defined $path_part[0]) { |
231 | $part = $path_part[0]; |
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232 | } elsif (@path_part > 1) { |
233 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
234 | "Multiple PathPart attributes not supported registering ${action}" |
235 | ); |
236 | } |
237 | |
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238 | if ($part =~ m(^/)) { |
239 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
240 | "Absolute parameters to PathPart not allowed registering ${action}" |
241 | ); |
242 | } |
243 | |
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244 | $action->attributes->{PartPath} = [ $part ]; |
245 | |
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246 | unshift(@{ $children->{$part} ||= [] }, $action); |
247 | |
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248 | ($self->{actions} ||= {})->{'/'.$action->reverse} = $action; |
249 | |
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250 | unless ($action->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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251 | unshift(@{ $self->{endpoints} ||= [] }, $action); |
252 | } |
253 | |
254 | return 1; |
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255 | } |
256 | |
257 | =head2 $self->uri_for_action($action, $captures) |
258 | |
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259 | Get the URI part for the action, using C<$captures> to fill |
260 | the capturing parts. |
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261 | |
262 | =cut |
263 | |
264 | sub uri_for_action { |
265 | my ( $self, $action, $captures ) = @_; |
266 | |
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267 | return undef unless ($action->attributes->{Chained} |
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268 | && !$action->attributes->{CaptureArgs}); |
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269 | |
270 | my @parts = (); |
271 | my @captures = @$captures; |
272 | my $parent = "DUMMY"; |
273 | my $curr = $action; |
274 | while ($curr) { |
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275 | if (my $cap = $curr->attributes->{CaptureArgs}) { |
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276 | return undef unless @captures >= $cap->[0]; # not enough captures |
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277 | if ($cap->[0]) { |
278 | unshift(@parts, splice(@captures, -$cap->[0])); |
279 | } |
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280 | } |
281 | if (my $pp = $curr->attributes->{PartPath}) { |
282 | unshift(@parts, $pp->[0]) |
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283 | if (defined($pp->[0]) && length($pp->[0])); |
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284 | } |
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285 | $parent = $curr->attributes->{Chained}->[0]; |
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286 | $curr = $self->{actions}{$parent}; |
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287 | } |
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288 | |
289 | return undef unless $parent eq '/'; # fail for dangling action |
290 | |
291 | return undef if @captures; # fail for too many captures |
292 | |
293 | return join('/', '', @parts); |
294 | |
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295 | } |
296 | |
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297 | =head1 USAGE |
298 | |
299 | =head2 Introduction |
300 | |
301 | The C<Chained> attribute allows you to chain public path parts together |
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302 | by their private names. A chain part's path can be specified with |
303 | C<PathPart> and can be declared to expect an arbitrary number of |
304 | arguments. The endpoint of the chain specifies how many arguments it |
305 | gets through the C<Args> attribute. C<:Args(0)> would be none at all, |
306 | C<:Args> without an integer would be unlimited. The path parts that |
307 | aren't endpoints are using C<CaptureArgs> to specify how many parameters |
308 | they expect to receive. As an example setup: |
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309 | |
310 | package MyApp::Controller::Greeting; |
311 | use base qw/ Catalyst::Controller /; |
312 | |
313 | # this is the beginning of our chain |
314 | sub hello : PathPart('hello') Chained('/') CaptureArgs(1) { |
315 | my ( $self, $c, $integer ) = @_; |
316 | $c->stash->{ message } = "Hello "; |
317 | $c->stash->{ arg_sum } = $integer; |
318 | } |
319 | |
320 | # this is our endpoint, because it has no :CaptureArgs |
321 | sub world : PathPart('world') Chained('hello') Args(1) { |
322 | my ( $self, $c, $integer ) = @_; |
323 | $c->stash->{ message } .= "World!"; |
324 | $c->stash->{ arg_sum } += $integer; |
325 | |
326 | $c->response->body( join "<br/>\n" => |
327 | $c->stash->{ message }, $c->stash->{ arg_sum } ); |
328 | } |
329 | |
330 | The debug output provides a separate table for chained actions, showing |
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331 | the whole chain as it would match and the actions it contains. Here's an |
332 | example of the startup output with our actions above: |
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333 | |
334 | ... |
335 | [debug] Loaded Path Part actions: |
336 | .-----------------------+------------------------------. |
337 | | Path Spec | Private | |
338 | +-----------------------+------------------------------+ |
339 | | /hello/*/world/* | /greeting/hello (1) | |
340 | | | => /greeting/world | |
341 | '-----------------------+------------------------------' |
342 | ... |
343 | |
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344 | As you can see, Catalyst only deals with chains as whole paths and |
345 | builds one for each endpoint, which are the actions with C<:Chained> but |
346 | without C<:CaptureArgs>. |
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347 | |
348 | Let's assume this application gets a request at the path |
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349 | C</hello/23/world/12>. What happens then? First, Catalyst will dispatch |
350 | to the C<hello> action and pass the value C<23> as an argument to it |
351 | after the context. It does so because we have previously used |
352 | C<:CaptureArgs(1)> to declare that it has one path part after itself as |
353 | its argument. We told Catalyst that this is the beginning of the chain |
354 | by specifying C<:Chained('/')>. Also note that instead of saying |
355 | C<:PathPart('hello')> we could also just have said C<:PathPart>, as it |
356 | defaults to the name of the action. |
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357 | |
358 | After C<hello> has run, Catalyst goes on to dispatch to the C<world> |
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359 | action. This is the last action to be called: Catalyst knows this is an |
360 | endpoint because we did not specify a C<:CaptureArgs> |
361 | attribute. Nevertheless we specify that this action expects an argument, |
362 | but at this point we're using C<:Args(1)> to do that. We could also have |
363 | said C<:Args> or left it out altogether, which would mean this action |
364 | would get all arguments that are there. This action's C<:Chained> |
365 | attribute says C<hello> and tells Catalyst that the C<hello> action in |
366 | the current controller is its parent. |
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367 | |
368 | With this we have built a chain consisting of two public path parts. |
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369 | C<hello> captures one part of the path as its argument, and also |
370 | specifies the path root as its parent. So this part is |
371 | C</hello/$arg>. The next part is the endpoint C<world>, expecting one |
372 | argument. It sums up to the path part C<world/$arg>. This leads to a |
373 | complete chain of C</hello/$arg/world/$arg> which is matched against the |
374 | requested paths. |
375 | |
376 | This example application would, if run and called by e.g. |
377 | C</hello/23/world/12>, set the stash value C<message> to "Hello" and the |
378 | value C<arg_sum> to "23". The C<world> action would then append "World!" |
379 | to C<message> and add C<12> to the stash's C<arg_sum> value. For the |
380 | sake of simplicity no view is shown. Instead we just put the values of |
381 | the stash into our body. So the output would look like: |
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382 | |
383 | Hello World! |
384 | 35 |
385 | |
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386 | And our test server would have given us this debugging output for the |
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387 | request: |
388 | |
389 | ... |
390 | [debug] "GET" request for "hello/23/world/12" from "127.0.0.1" |
391 | [debug] Path is "/greeting/world" |
392 | [debug] Arguments are "12" |
393 | [info] Request took 0.164113s (6.093/s) |
394 | .------------------------------------------+-----------. |
395 | | Action | Time | |
396 | +------------------------------------------+-----------+ |
397 | | /greeting/hello | 0.000029s | |
398 | | /greeting/world | 0.000024s | |
399 | '------------------------------------------+-----------' |
400 | ... |
401 | |
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402 | What would be common uses of this dispatch technique? It gives the |
403 | possibility to split up logic that contains steps that each depend on |
404 | each other. An example would be, for example, a wiki path like |
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405 | C</wiki/FooBarPage/rev/23/view>. This chain can be easily built with |
406 | these actions: |
407 | |
408 | sub wiki : PathPart('wiki') Chained('/') CaptureArgs(1) { |
409 | my ( $self, $c, $page_name ) = @_; |
410 | # load the page named $page_name and put the object |
411 | # into the stash |
412 | } |
413 | |
414 | sub rev : PathPart('rev') Chained('wiki') CaptureArgs(1) { |
415 | my ( $self, $c, $revision_id ) = @_; |
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416 | # use the page object in the stash to get at its |
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417 | # revision with number $revision_id |
418 | } |
419 | |
420 | sub view : PathPart Chained('rev') Args(0) { |
421 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
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422 | # display the revision in our stash. Another option |
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423 | # would be to forward a compatible object to the action |
424 | # that displays the default wiki pages, unless we want |
425 | # a different interface here, for example restore |
426 | # functionality. |
427 | } |
428 | |
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429 | It would now be possible to add other endpoints, for example C<restore> |
430 | to restore this specific revision as the current state. |
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431 | |
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432 | You don't have to put all the chained actions in one controller. The |
433 | specification of the parent through C<:Chained> also takes an absolute |
434 | action path as its argument. Just specify it with a leading C</>. |
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435 | |
436 | If you want, for example, to have actions for the public paths |
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437 | C</foo/12/edit> and C</foo/12>, just specify two actions with |
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438 | C<:PathPart('foo')> and C<:Chained('/')>. The handler for the former |
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439 | path needs a C<:CaptureArgs(1)> attribute and a endpoint with |
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440 | C<:PathPart('edit')> and C<:Chained('foo')>. For the latter path give |
441 | the action just a C<:Args(1)> to mark it as endpoint. This sums up to |
442 | this debugging output: |
443 | |
444 | ... |
445 | [debug] Loaded Path Part actions: |
446 | .-----------------------+------------------------------. |
447 | | Path Spec | Private | |
448 | +-----------------------+------------------------------+ |
449 | | /foo/* | /controller/foo_view | |
450 | | /foo/*/edit | /controller/foo_load (1) | |
451 | | | => /controller/edit | |
452 | '-----------------------+------------------------------' |
453 | ... |
454 | |
455 | Here's a more detailed specification of the attributes belonging to |
456 | C<:Chained>: |
457 | |
458 | =head2 Attributes |
459 | |
460 | =over 8 |
461 | |
462 | =item PathPart |
463 | |
464 | Sets the name of this part of the chain. If it is specified without |
465 | arguments, it takes the name of the action as default. So basically |
466 | C<sub foo :PathPart> and C<sub foo :PathPart('foo')> are identical. |
467 | This can also contain slashes to bind to a deeper level. An action |
468 | with C<sub bar :PathPart('foo/bar') :Chained('/')> would bind to |
469 | C</foo/bar/...>. If you don't specify C<:PathPart> it has the same |
470 | effect as using C<:PathPart>, it would default to the action name. |
471 | |
472 | =item Chained |
473 | |
474 | Has to be specified for every child in the chain. Possible values are |
475 | absolute and relative private action paths, with the relatives pointing |
476 | to the current controller, or a single slash C</> to tell Catalyst that |
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477 | this is the root of a chain. The attribute C<:Chained> without arguments |
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478 | also defaults to the C</> behavior. |
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479 | |
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480 | Because you can specify an absolute path to the parent action, it |
481 | doesn't matter to Catalyst where that parent is located. So, if your |
482 | design requests it, you can redispatch a chain through any controller or |
483 | namespace you want. |
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484 | |
485 | Another interesting possibility gives C<:Chained('.')>, which chains |
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486 | itself to an action with the path of the current controller's namespace. |
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487 | For example: |
488 | |
489 | # in MyApp::Controller::Foo |
490 | sub bar : Chained CaptureArgs(1) { ... } |
491 | |
492 | # in MyApp::Controller::Foo::Bar |
493 | sub baz : Chained('.') Args(1) { ... } |
494 | |
495 | This builds up a chain like C</bar/*/baz/*>. The specification of C<.> |
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496 | as the argument to Chained here chains the C<baz> action to an action |
497 | with the path of the current controller namespace, namely |
498 | C</foo/bar>. That action chains directly to C</>, so the C</bar/*/baz/*> |
499 | chain comes out as the end product. |
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500 | |
501 | =item CaptureArgs |
502 | |
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503 | Must be specified for every part of the chain that is not an |
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504 | endpoint. With this attribute Catalyst knows how many of the following |
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505 | parts of the path (separated by C</>) this action wants to capture as |
506 | its arguments. If it doesn't expect any, just specify |
507 | C<:CaptureArgs(0)>. The captures get passed to the action's C<@_> right |
508 | after the context, but you can also find them as array references in |
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509 | C<$c-E<gt>request-E<gt>captures-E<gt>[$level]>. The C<$level> is the |
510 | level of the action in the chain that captured the parts of the path. |
511 | |
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512 | An action that is part of a chain (that is, one that has a C<:Chained> |
513 | attribute) but has no C<:CaptureArgs> attribute is treated by Catalyst |
514 | as a chain end. |
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515 | |
516 | =item Args |
517 | |
518 | By default, endpoints receive the rest of the arguments in the path. You |
519 | can tell Catalyst through C<:Args> explicitly how many arguments your |
520 | endpoint expects, just like you can with C<:CaptureArgs>. Note that this |
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521 | also affects whether this chain is invoked on a request. A chain with an |
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522 | endpoint specifying one argument will only match if exactly one argument |
523 | exists in the path. |
524 | |
525 | You can specify an exact number of arguments like C<:Args(3)>, including |
526 | C<0>. If you just say C<:Args> without any arguments, it is the same as |
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527 | leaving it out altogether: The chain is matched regardless of the number |
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528 | of path parts after the endpoint. |
529 | |
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530 | Just as with C<:CaptureArgs>, the arguments get passed to the action in |
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531 | C<@_> after the context object. They can also be reached through |
532 | C<$c-E<gt>request-E<gt>arguments>. |
533 | |
534 | =back |
535 | |
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536 | =head2 Auto actions, dispatching and forwarding |
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537 | |
538 | Note that the list of C<auto> actions called depends on the private path |
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539 | of the endpoint of the chain, not on the chained actions way. The |
540 | C<auto> actions will be run before the chain dispatching begins. In |
541 | every other aspect, C<auto> actions behave as documented. |
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542 | |
543 | The C<forward>ing to other actions does just what you would expect. But if |
544 | you C<detach> out of a chain, the rest of the chain will not get called |
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545 | after the C<detach>. |
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546 | |
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547 | =head1 AUTHOR |
548 | |
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549 | Matt S Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk> |
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550 | |
551 | =head1 COPYRIGHT |
552 | |
553 | This program is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under |
554 | the same terms as Perl itself. |
555 | |
556 | =cut |
557 | |
558 | 1; |