hosted-presentations/2008/stevan-PPW/moose.xul

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   3 Moose
   4 ----
   5 A Postmodern
   6 Object System
   7 for Perl 5
   8 ----
   9 Stevan Little
  10 stevan@cpan.org
  11 http://moose.perl.org/
  12 ----
  13 What is
  14 Moose?
  15 ----
  16 What is
  17 Class::MOP?
  18 ----
  19 What is
  20 a MOP??
  21 ----
  22 Meta
  23 Object
  24 Protocol
  25 ----
  26 CLOS
  27 ----
  28 20 year old
  29 LISP
  30 technology
  31 ----
  32 Formalization
  33 of the
  34 object system
  35 ----
  36 How
  37 classes
  38 work
  39 ----
  40 How
  41 methods
  42 work
  43 ----
  44 How objects
  45 are created
  46 ... etc.
  47 ----
  48 Class::MOP
  49 is CLOS for
  50 Perl 5
  51 ----
  52 Class::MOP
  53 is a
  54 formalization
  55 of Perl 5 OO
  56 ----
  57 Clarity &
  58 Structure
  59 ----
  60 Class::MOP is
  61 a platform for
  62 ----
  63 Moose
  64 ----
  65   package Person;
  66   use Moose;
  67
  68   has name => (is => 'rw');
  69   has age  => (is => 'rw');
  70
  71   1;
  72 ----
  73 turns on
  74 strict &
  75 warnings
  76 ----
  77 Moose::Object
  78 in the @ISA
  79 ----
  80 `has` creates
  81 accessor
  82 called 'name'
  83 ----
  84 `has` creates
  85 accessor
  86 called 'age'
  87 ----
  88 *lots*
  89 of class
  90 metadata
  91 ----
  92   package Person;
  93   use Moose;
  94
  95   has name => (is => 'rw');
  96   has age  => (is => 'rw');
  97
  98   1;
  99 ----
 100 Types
 101 ----
 102   has name => (
 103     is       => 'rw',
 104     isa      => 'Str',
 105     required => 1
 106   );
 107 ----
 108   has age => (
 109       is      => 'rw',
 110       isa     => 'DateTime::Duration',
 111       lazy    => 1,
 112       default => sub {
 113         DateTime::Duration->new
 114       }
 115   );
 116 ----
 117 Custom
 118 Types
 119 ----
 120   use Moose::Util::TypeConstraints;
 121 ----
 122   subtype 'NonEmptyStr'
 123       => as 'Str'
 124       => where { length $_ > 0 };
 125 ----
 126   has name => (
 127       is       => 'rw',
 128       isa      => 'NonEmptyStr',
 129       required => 1
 130   );
 131 ----
 132   my $me = Person->new(
 133       name => 'Stevan',
 134       age  => DateTime::Duration->new(
 135           years => 35
 136       )
 137   );
 138 ----
 139   my $me = Person->new; # BOOM! name is required
 140 ----
 141   my $me = Person->new(
 142       name => 'Stevan',
 143       age  => 35
 144   ); # BOOM! age should be DateTime::Duration
 145 ----
 146 Coercions
 147 ----
 148   class_type 'DateTime::Duration';
 149   coerce 'DateTime::Duration'
 150       => from 'Int'
 151         => via {
 152             DateTime::Duration->new(
 153                 years => $_
 154             )
 155         };
 156 ----
 157   has age => (
 158       is      => 'rw',
 159       isa     => 'DateTime::Duration',
 160       coerce  => 1,
 161       lazy    => 1,
 162       default => sub {
 163         DateTime::Duration->new
 164       }
 165   );
 166 ----
 167   my $me = Person->new(
 168       name => 'Stevan',
 169       age  => 35
 170   );
 171 ----
 172   coerce 'DateTime::Duration'
 173       => from 'Int'
 174         => via {
 175             DateTime::Duration->new(
 176                 years => $_
 177             )
 178         }
 179       => from 'HashRef'
 180         => via {
 181             DateTime::Duration->new(%$_)
 182         };
 183 ----
 184   my $me = Person->new(
 185       name => 'Stevan',
 186       age  => { years => 35, months => 2 }
 187   );
 188 ----
 189   my $me = Person->new(
 190       name => 'Stevan',
 191       age  => { years => 35, months => 2 }
 192   );
 193
 194   $me->name # 'Stevan'
 195   $me->age  # DateTime::Duration object
 196 ----
 197   my $xoe = Person->new(name => 'Xoe');
 198
 199   $xoe->age(11);
 200
 201   $xoe->age({ years => 11, months => 10 });
 202
 203   $xoe->age(DateTime::Duration->new({
 204       years  => 11,
 205       months => 10
 206   }));
 207 ----
 208 Delegation
 209 ----
 210   has age => (
 211       is      => 'rw',
 212       isa     => 'DateTime::Duration',
 213       coerce  => 1,
 214       lazy    => 1,
 215       default => sub {
 216         DateTime::Duration->new
 217       },
 218       handles => {
 219         'years_old' => 'years'
 220       }
 221   );
 222 ----
 223   $me->years_old # 35
 224 ----
 225 Unconventional
 226 Delegation
 227 ----
 228   package Conference;
 229   use Moose;
 230   use MooseX::AttributeHelpers;
 231
 232   has attendees => (
 233       metaclass => 'Collection::Array',
 234       is        => 'rw',
 235       isa       => 'ArrayRef[Person]',
 236       provides => {
 237           push  => 'add_attendee',
 238           count => 'number_of_attendees',
 239       },
 240   );
 241 ----
 242   my $ppw = Conference->new(
 243       attendees => [ $me, @all_you_guys ]
 244   );
 245
 246   $ppw->number_of_attendees; # lots of people
 247   $ppw->add_attendee($some_slacker); # add a late comer
 248 ----
 249 Method Modifiers
 250 ----
 251   before 'add_attendee' => sub {
 252       my ($self, $attendee) = @_;
 253       $self->setup_more_chairs(1);
 254   };
 255 ----
 256   after 'add_attendee' => sub {
 257       my ($self, $attendee) = @_;
 258       $self->log("Attendee " . $attendee->name . " added");
 259   };
 260 ----
 261    around 'add_attendee' => sub {
 262        my ($next, $self, @args) = @_;
 263        ...
 264        my @return = $self->$next(@args);
 265        ...
 266        return @return;
 267    };
 268 ----
 269 Roles
 270 ----
 271 ≠
 272 ----
 273 Classes
 274 ----
 275 Roles
 276 do /not/
 277 inherit.
 278 ----
 279 Inheritance is
 280 ↕
 281 vertical reuse.
 282 ----
 283 Roles
 284 compose.
 285 ----
 286 Composition is
 287 ↔
 288 horizontal reuse.
 289 ----
 290 ...
 291 ----
 292 When
 293 to use
 294 Roles
 295 ----
 296 My general rule
 297 of thumb is ...
 298 ----
 299 s/MI/Roles/g
 300 ----
 301 When
 302 to /not/ use
 303 Roles
 304 ----
 305 When a class
 306 just makes
 307 more sense.
 308 ----
 309 Roles are /not/ a
 310 replacement for
 311 inheritance.
 312 ----
 313 How Roles
 314 Work
 315 ----
 316 Roles are
 317 orphans.
 318 ----
 319 Roles are
 320 composed.
 321 ----
 322 Local class
 323 overrides role.
 324 ----
 325 Role overrides
 326 inherited class.
 327 ----
 328 Roles can
 329 conflict.
 330 ----
 331 Method conflicts
 332 must be
 333 disambiguated.
 334 ----
 335 Attribute conflicts
 336 cannot be
 337 disambiguated.
 338 ----
 339   package Age;
 340   use Moose::Role;
 341
 342   # ... all that type stuff
 343
 344   has age => (
 345       is      => 'rw',
 346       isa     => 'DateTime::Duration',
 347       coerce  => 1,
 348       lazy    => 1,
 349       default => sub {
 350         DateTime::Duration->new
 351       },
 352       handles => {
 353         'years_old' => 'years'
 354       }
 355   );
 356
 357   1;
 358 ----
 359    package Person;
 360    use Moose;
 361
 362    with 'Age';
 363
 364    # ...
 365 ----
 366 Conclusion
 367 ----
 368 Moose code is shorter
 369 ----
 370 less code == less bugs
 371 ----
 372 Less testing
 373 needed
 374 ----
 375 Moose/Class::MOP
 376 have +5400
 377 tests and growing
 378 ----
 379 Why test, when
 380 Moose already does.
 381 ----
 382 More Readable
 383 ----
 384 Declarative code
 385 Descriptive code
 386 ----
 387 The End
 388 ----
 389 Questions?
 390 ----
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 510 <!-- ***** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
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 512    -
 513    - The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version
 514    - 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 515    - the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 516    - http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
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 519    - WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License
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 521    - License.
 522    -
 523    - The Original Code is the Takahashi-Method-based Presentation Tool in XUL.
 524    -
 525    - The Initial Developer of the Original Code is SHIMODA Hiroshi.
 526    - Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (C) 2005
 527    - the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
 528    -
 529    - Contributor(s): SHIMODA Hiroshi <piro@p.club.ne.jp>
 530    -
 531    - ***** END LICENSE BLOCK ***** -->
 532
 533