11 use Scalar::Util 'blessed';
13 use Mouse::Meta::Attribute;
14 use Mouse::Meta::Class;
16 use Mouse::TypeRegistry;
23 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize($CALLER);
30 $caller->meta->superclasses(@_);
38 my $meta = $caller->meta;
41 $names = [$names] if !ref($names);
43 for my $name (@$names) {
44 if ($name =~ s/^\+//) {
45 Mouse::Meta::Attribute->clone_parent($meta, $name, @_);
48 Mouse::Meta::Attribute->create($meta, $name, @_);
67 my $class = $caller->meta;
70 $class->add_before_method_modifier($_ => $code);
80 my $class = $caller->meta;
83 $class->add_after_method_modifier($_ => $code);
93 my $class = $caller->meta;
96 $class->add_around_method_modifier($_ => $code);
102 my $caller = $CALLER;
106 my $class = $caller->meta;
108 confess "Mouse::Role only supports 'with' on individual roles at a time" if @_;
110 Mouse::load_class($role);
111 $role->meta->apply($class);
116 my $exporter = Sub::Exporter::build_exporter({
117 exports => \%exports,
118 groups => { default => [':all'] },
127 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize($CALLER);
128 $meta->superclasses('Mouse::Object')
129 unless $meta->superclasses;
138 for my $keyword (keys %exports) {
139 next if $keyword eq 'meta'; # we don't delete this one
140 delete ${ $caller . '::' }{$keyword};
148 if (ref($class) || !defined($class) || !length($class)) {
149 my $display = defined($class) ? $class : 'undef';
150 confess "Invalid class name ($display)";
153 return 1 if is_class_loaded($class);
155 (my $file = "$class.pm") =~ s{::}{/}g;
157 eval { CORE::require($file) };
158 confess "Could not load class ($class) because : $@" if $@;
163 sub is_class_loaded {
166 return 0 if ref($class) || !defined($class) || !length($class);
168 # walk the symbol table tree to avoid autovififying
169 # \*{${main::}{"Foo::"}} == \*main::Foo::
172 foreach my $part (split('::', $class)) {
173 return 0 unless exists ${$$pack}{"${part}::"};
174 $pack = \*{${$$pack}{"${part}::"}};
177 # check for $VERSION or @ISA
178 return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{VERSION}
179 && defined *{${$$pack}{VERSION}}{SCALAR};
180 return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{ISA}
181 && defined *{${$$pack}{ISA}}{ARRAY};
183 # check for any method
184 foreach ( keys %{$$pack} ) {
185 next if substr($_, -2, 2) eq '::';
186 return 1 if defined *{${$$pack}{$_}}{CODE};
199 Mouse - Moose minus the antlers
204 use Mouse; # automatically turns on strict and warnings
206 has 'x' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Int');
207 has 'y' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Int');
220 has 'z' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Int');
222 after 'clear' => sub {
229 L<Moose> is wonderful.
231 Unfortunately, it's a little slow. Though significant progress has been made
232 over the years, the compile time penalty is a non-starter for some
235 Mouse aims to alleviate this by providing a subset of Moose's
236 functionality, faster. In particular, L<Moose/has> is missing only a few
237 expert-level features.
241 Compatibility with Moose has been the utmost concern. Fewer than 1% of the
242 tests fail when run against Moose instead of Mouse. Mouse code coverage is also
243 over 97%. Even the error messages are taken from Moose. The Mouse code just
244 runs the test suite 3x-4x faster.
246 The idea is that, if you need the extra power, you should be able to run
247 C<s/Mouse/Moose/g> on your codebase and have nothing break. To that end,
248 nothingmuch has written L<Squirrel> (part of this distribution) which will act
249 as Mouse unless Moose is loaded, in which case it will act as Moose.
251 Mouse also has the blessings of Moose's author, stevan.
253 =head2 MISSING FEATURES
257 We're working on fixing this one! stevan has suggested an implementation
258 strategy. Mouse currently ignores methods, so that needs to be fixed next.
259 Roles that consist entirely of attributes may be usable in this very version.
263 User-defined type constraints and parameterized types may be implemented. Type
264 coercions probably not (patches welcome).
266 =head3 Bootstrapped meta world
268 Very handy for extensions to the MOP. Not pressing, but would be nice to have.
270 =head3 Modification of attribute metaclass
272 When you declare an attribute with L</has>, you get the inlined accessors
273 installed immediately. Modifying the attribute metaclass, even if possible,
282 =head2 meta -> Mouse::Meta::Class
284 Returns this class' metaclass instance.
286 =head2 extends superclasses
288 Sets this class' superclasses.
290 =head2 before (method|methods) => Code
292 Installs a "before" method modifier. See L<Moose/before> or
293 L<Class::Method::Modifiers/before>.
295 =head2 after (method|methods) => Code
297 Installs an "after" method modifier. See L<Moose/after> or
298 L<Class::Method::Modifiers/after>.
300 =head2 around (method|methods) => Code
302 Installs an "around" method modifier. See L<Moose/around> or
303 L<Class::Method::Modifiers/around>.
305 =head2 has (name|names) => parameters
307 Adds an attribute (or if passed an arrayref of names, multiple attributes) to
314 If specified, inlines a read-only/read-write accessor with the same name as
317 =item isa => TypeConstraint
319 Provides basic type checking in the constructor and accessor. Basic types such
320 as C<Int>, C<ArrayRef>, C<Defined> are supported. Any unknown type is taken to
321 be a class check (e.g. isa => 'DateTime' would accept only L<DateTime>
324 =item required => 0|1
326 Whether this attribute is required to have a value. If the attribute is lazy or
327 has a builder, then providing a value for the attribute in the constructor is
330 =item init_arg => Str
332 Allows you to use a different key name in the constructor.
334 =item default => Value | CodeRef
336 Sets the default value of the attribute. If the default is a coderef, it will
337 be invoked to get the default value. Due to quirks of Perl, any bare reference
338 is forbidden, you must wrap the reference in a coderef. Otherwise, all
339 instances will share the same reference.
343 If specified, the default is calculated on demand instead of in the
346 =item predicate => Str
348 Lets you specify a method name for installing a predicate method, which checks
349 that the attribute has a value. It will not invoke a lazy default or builder
354 Lets you specify a method name for installing a clearer method, which clears
355 the attribute's value from the instance. On the next read, lazy or builder will
358 =item handles => HashRef|ArrayRef
360 Lets you specify methods to delegate to the attribute. ArrayRef forwards the
361 given method names to method calls on the attribute. HashRef maps local method
362 names to remote method names called on the attribute. Other forms of
363 L</handles>, such as regular expression and coderef, are not yet supported.
365 =item weak_ref => 0|1
367 Lets you automatically weaken any reference stored in the attribute.
369 =item trigger => CodeRef
371 Any time the attribute's value is set (either through the accessor or the constructor), the trigger is called on it. The trigger receives as arguments the instance, the new value, and the attribute instance.
373 Mouse 0.05 supported more complex triggers, but this behavior is now deprecated.
377 Defines a method name to be called to provide the default value of the
378 attribute. C<< builder => 'build_foo' >> is mostly equivalent to
379 C<< default => sub { $_[0]->build_foo } >>.
381 =item auto_deref => 0|1
383 Allows you to automatically dereference ArrayRef and HashRef attributes in list
384 context. In scalar context, the reference is returned (NOT the list length or
385 bucket status). You must specify an appropriate type constraint to use
390 =head2 confess error -> BOOM
392 L<Carp/confess> for your convenience.
394 =head2 blessed value -> ClassName | undef
396 L<Scalar::Util/blessed> for your convenience.
402 Importing Mouse will default your class' superclass list to L<Mouse::Object>.
403 You may use L</extends> to replace the superclass list.
407 Please unimport Mouse (C<no Mouse>) so that if someone calls one of the
408 keywords (such as L</extends>) it will break loudly instead breaking subtly.
412 =head2 load_class Class::Name
414 This will load a given C<Class::Name> (or die if it's not loadable).
415 This function can be used in place of tricks like
416 C<eval "use $module"> or using C<require>.
418 =head2 is_class_loaded Class::Name -> Bool
420 Returns whether this class is actually loaded or not. It uses a heuristic which
421 involves checking for the existence of C<$VERSION>, C<@ISA>, and any
422 locally-defined method.
426 Shawn M Moore, C<< <sartak at gmail.com> >>
428 with plenty of code borrowed from L<Class::MOP> and L<Moose>
434 Please report any bugs through RT: email
435 C<bug-mouse at rt.cpan.org>, or browse
436 L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Mouse>.
438 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
440 Copyright 2008 Shawn M Moore.
442 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
443 under the same terms as Perl itself.