10 if ($ENV{SHIKA_DEBUG}) {
17 $PurePerl = $ENV{SHIKA_PUREPERL} unless defined $PurePerl;
24 $PurePerl = !eval{ XSLoader::load(__PACKAGE__, $VERSION); 1 };
25 warn "Failed to load XS mode: $@" if $@ && Mouse::DEBUG();
30 use Mouse::Util 'blessed';
32 use Mouse::Meta::Attribute;
33 use Mouse::Meta::Class;
35 use Mouse::TypeRegistry;
37 our @EXPORT = qw(extends has before after around blessed confess with);
39 sub extends { Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize(caller)->superclasses(@_) }
42 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize(caller);
45 $names = [$names] if !ref($names);
47 for my $name (@$names) {
48 if ($name =~ s/^\+//) {
49 Mouse::Meta::Attribute->clone_parent($meta, $name, @_);
52 Mouse::Meta::Attribute->create($meta, $name, @_);
58 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize(caller);
63 $meta->add_before_method_modifier($_ => $code);
68 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize(caller);
73 $meta->add_after_method_modifier($_ => $code);
78 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize(caller);
83 $meta->add_around_method_modifier($_ => $code);
88 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize(caller);
91 my $args = shift || {};
93 confess "Mouse::Role only supports 'with' on individual roles at a time" if @_ || !ref $args;
95 Mouse::load_class($role);
96 $role->meta->apply($meta, %$args);
105 my $meta = Mouse::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
106 $meta->superclasses('Mouse::Object')
107 unless $meta->superclasses;
110 no warnings 'redefine';
111 *{$caller.'::meta'} = sub { $meta };
113 Mouse->export_to_level(1, @_);
120 for my $keyword (@EXPORT) {
121 delete ${ $caller . '::' }{$keyword};
128 if (ref($class) || !defined($class) || !length($class)) {
129 my $display = defined($class) ? $class : 'undef';
130 confess "Invalid class name ($display)";
133 return 1 if is_class_loaded($class);
135 (my $file = "$class.pm") =~ s{::}{/}g;
137 eval { CORE::require($file) };
138 confess "Could not load class ($class) because : $@" if $@;
143 sub is_class_loaded {
146 return 0 if ref($class) || !defined($class) || !length($class);
148 # walk the symbol table tree to avoid autovififying
149 # \*{${main::}{"Foo::"}} == \*main::Foo::
152 foreach my $part (split('::', $class)) {
153 return 0 unless exists ${$$pack}{"${part}::"};
154 $pack = \*{${$$pack}{"${part}::"}};
157 # check for $VERSION or @ISA
158 return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{VERSION}
159 && defined *{${$$pack}{VERSION}}{SCALAR};
160 return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{ISA}
161 && defined *{${$$pack}{ISA}}{ARRAY};
163 # check for any method
164 foreach ( keys %{$$pack} ) {
165 next if substr($_, -2, 2) eq '::';
166 return 1 if defined *{${$$pack}{$_}}{CODE};
179 Mouse - Moose minus the antlers
184 use Mouse; # automatically turns on strict and warnings
186 has 'x' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Int');
187 has 'y' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Int');
200 has 'z' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Int');
202 after 'clear' => sub {
209 L<Moose> is wonderful.
211 Unfortunately, it's a little slow. Though significant progress has been made
212 over the years, the compile time penalty is a non-starter for some
215 Mouse aims to alleviate this by providing a subset of Moose's
216 functionality, faster. In particular, L<Moose/has> is missing only a few
217 expert-level features.
219 We're also going as light on dependencies as possible. Most functions we use
220 from L<Scalar::Util> are copied into this dist. L<Scalar::Util> is required if
221 you'd like weak references; there's simply no way to do it from pure Perl.
222 L<Class::Method::Modifiers> is required if you want support for L</before>,
223 L</after>, and L</around>.
227 Compatibility with Moose has been the utmost concern. Fewer than 1% of the
228 tests fail when run against Moose instead of Mouse. Mouse code coverage is also
229 over 96%. Even the error messages are taken from Moose. The Mouse code just
230 runs the test suite 4x faster.
232 The idea is that, if you need the extra power, you should be able to run
233 C<s/Mouse/Moose/g> on your codebase and have nothing break. To that end,
234 nothingmuch has written L<Squirrel> (part of this distribution) which will act
235 as Mouse unless Moose is loaded, in which case it will act as Moose.
237 Mouse also has the blessings of Moose's author, stevan.
239 =head2 MISSING FEATURES
243 We're working on fixing this one! stevan has suggested an implementation
244 strategy. Mouse currently ignores methods, so that needs to be fixed next.
245 Roles that consist entirely of attributes may be usable in this very version.
249 User-defined type constraints and parameterized types may be implemented. Type
250 coercions probably not (patches welcome).
252 =head3 Bootstrapped meta world
254 Very handy for extensions to the MOP. Not pressing, but would be nice to have.
256 =head3 Modification of attribute metaclass
258 When you declare an attribute with L</has>, you get the inlined accessors
259 installed immediately. Modifying the attribute metaclass, even if possible,
268 =head2 meta -> Mouse::Meta::Class
270 Returns this class' metaclass instance.
272 =head2 extends superclasses
274 Sets this class' superclasses.
276 =head2 before (method|methods) => Code
278 Installs a "before" method modifier. See L<Moose/before> or
279 L<Class::Method::Modifiers/before>.
281 Use of this feature requires L<Class::Method::Modifiers>!
283 =head2 after (method|methods) => Code
285 Installs an "after" method modifier. See L<Moose/after> or
286 L<Class::Method::Modifiers/after>.
288 Use of this feature requires L<Class::Method::Modifiers>!
290 =head2 around (method|methods) => Code
292 Installs an "around" method modifier. See L<Moose/around> or
293 L<Class::Method::Modifiers/around>.
295 Use of this feature requires L<Class::Method::Modifiers>!
297 =head2 has (name|names) => parameters
299 Adds an attribute (or if passed an arrayref of names, multiple attributes) to
306 If specified, inlines a read-only/read-write accessor with the same name as
309 =item isa => TypeConstraint
311 Provides basic type checking in the constructor and accessor. Basic types such
312 as C<Int>, C<ArrayRef>, C<Defined> are supported. Any unknown type is taken to
313 be a class check (e.g. isa => 'DateTime' would accept only L<DateTime>
316 =item required => 0|1
318 Whether this attribute is required to have a value. If the attribute is lazy or
319 has a builder, then providing a value for the attribute in the constructor is
322 =item init_arg => Str | Undef
324 Allows you to use a different key name in the constructor. If undef, the
325 attribue can't be passed to the constructor.
327 =item default => Value | CodeRef
329 Sets the default value of the attribute. If the default is a coderef, it will
330 be invoked to get the default value. Due to quirks of Perl, any bare reference
331 is forbidden, you must wrap the reference in a coderef. Otherwise, all
332 instances will share the same reference.
336 If specified, the default is calculated on demand instead of in the
339 =item predicate => Str
341 Lets you specify a method name for installing a predicate method, which checks
342 that the attribute has a value. It will not invoke a lazy default or builder
347 Lets you specify a method name for installing a clearer method, which clears
348 the attribute's value from the instance. On the next read, lazy or builder will
351 =item handles => HashRef|ArrayRef
353 Lets you specify methods to delegate to the attribute. ArrayRef forwards the
354 given method names to method calls on the attribute. HashRef maps local method
355 names to remote method names called on the attribute. Other forms of
356 L</handles>, such as regular expression and coderef, are not yet supported.
358 =item weak_ref => 0|1
360 Lets you automatically weaken any reference stored in the attribute.
362 Use of this feature requires L<Scalar::Util>!
364 =item trigger => CodeRef
366 Any time the attribute's value is set (either through the accessor or the constructor), the trigger is called on it. The trigger receives as arguments the instance, the new value, and the attribute instance.
368 Mouse 0.05 supported more complex triggers, but this behavior is now removed.
372 Defines a method name to be called to provide the default value of the
373 attribute. C<< builder => 'build_foo' >> is mostly equivalent to
374 C<< default => sub { $_[0]->build_foo } >>.
376 =item auto_deref => 0|1
378 Allows you to automatically dereference ArrayRef and HashRef attributes in list
379 context. In scalar context, the reference is returned (NOT the list length or
380 bucket status). You must specify an appropriate type constraint to use
383 =item lazy_build => 0|1
385 Automatically define lazy => 1 as well as builder => "_build_$attr", clearer =>
386 "clear_$attr', predicate => 'has_$attr' unless they are already defined.
390 =head2 confess error -> BOOM
392 L<Carp/confess> for your convenience.
394 =head2 blessed value -> ClassName | undef
396 L<Scalar::Util/blessed> for your convenience.
402 Importing Mouse will default your class' superclass list to L<Mouse::Object>.
403 You may use L</extends> to replace the superclass list.
407 Please unimport Mouse (C<no Mouse>) so that if someone calls one of the
408 keywords (such as L</extends>) it will break loudly instead breaking subtly.
412 =head2 load_class Class::Name
414 This will load a given C<Class::Name> (or die if it's not loadable).
415 This function can be used in place of tricks like
416 C<eval "use $module"> or using C<require>.
418 =head2 is_class_loaded Class::Name -> Bool
420 Returns whether this class is actually loaded or not. It uses a heuristic which
421 involves checking for the existence of C<$VERSION>, C<@ISA>, and any
422 locally-defined method.
426 Shawn M Moore, C<< <sartak at gmail.com> >>
428 Yuval Kogman, C<< <nothingmuch at woobling.org> >>
430 with plenty of code borrowed from L<Class::MOP> and L<Moose>
436 Please report any bugs through RT: email
437 C<bug-mouse at rt.cpan.org>, or browse
438 L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Mouse>.
440 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
442 Copyright 2008 Shawn M Moore.
444 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
445 under the same terms as Perl itself.