1 package SQL::Translator::Producer::GraphViz;
3 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
4 # Copyright (C) 2002-2009 SQLFairy Authors
6 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
8 # published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2.
10 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
11 # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 # General Public License for more details.
15 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
19 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
25 SQL::Translator::Producer::GraphViz - GraphViz producer for SQL::Translator
31 my $trans = new SQL::Translator(
32 from => 'MySQL', # or your db of choice
35 out_file => 'schema.png',
37 show_constraints => 1,
41 ) or die SQL::Translator->error;
43 $trans->translate or die $trans->error;
47 Creates a graph of a schema using the amazing graphviz
48 (see http://www.graphviz.org/) application (via
49 the GraphViz module). It's nifty--you should try it!
57 The name of the file where the resulting GraphViz output will be
58 written. Alternatively an open filehandle can be supplied. If
59 undefined (the default) - the result is returned as a string.
61 =item * layout (DEFAULT: 'dot')
63 determines which layout algorithm GraphViz will use; possible
64 values are 'dot' (the default GraphViz layout for directed graph
65 layouts), 'neato' (for undirected graph layouts - spring model)
66 or 'twopi' (for undirected graph layouts - circular)
68 =item * node_shape (DEFAULT: 'record')
70 sets the node shape of each table in the graph; this can be
71 one of 'record', 'plaintext', 'ellipse', 'circle', 'egg',
72 'triangle', 'box', 'diamond', 'trapezium', 'parallelogram',
73 'house', 'hexagon', or 'octagon'
75 =item * output_type (DEFAULT: 'png')
77 sets the file type of the output graphic; possible values are
78 'ps', 'hpgl', 'pcl', 'mif', 'pic', 'gd', 'gd2', 'gif', 'jpeg',
79 'png', 'wbmp', 'cmap', 'ismap', 'imap', 'vrml', 'vtx', 'mp',
80 'fig', 'svg', 'canon', 'plain' or 'text' (see GraphViz for
81 details on each of these)
83 =item * width (DEFAULT: 8.5)
85 width (in inches) of the output graphic
87 =item * height (DEFAULT: 11)
89 height (in inches) of the output grahic
93 custom font size for node and edge labels (note that arbitrarily large
94 sizes may be ignored due to page size or graph size constraints)
98 custom font name (or full path to font file) for node, edge, and graph
103 reference to a hash of node attribute names and their values; these
104 may override general fontname or fontsize parameter
108 reference to a hash of edge attribute names and their values; these
109 may override general fontname or fontsize parameter
113 reference to a hash of graph attribute names and their values; these
114 may override the general fontname parameter
116 =item * show_fields (DEFAULT: true)
118 if set to a true value, the names of the colums in a table will
119 be displayed in each table's node
123 if set to a true value, only columns which are foreign keys
124 will be displayed in each table's node
126 =item * show_datatypes
128 if set to a true value, the datatype of each column will be
129 displayed next to each column's name; this option will have no
130 effect if the value of show_fields is set to false
134 if set to a true value, the size (in bytes) of each CHAR and
135 VARCHAR column will be displayed in parentheses next to the
136 column's name; this option will have no effect if the value of
137 show_fields is set to false
139 =item * show_constraints
141 if set to a true value, a field's constraints (i.e., its
142 primary-key-ness, its foreign-key-ness and/or its uniqueness)
143 will appear as a comma-separated list in brackets next to the
144 field's name; this option will have no effect if the value of
145 show_fields is set to false
149 if set to a true value, the graphic will have a background
150 color of 'lightgoldenrodyellow'; otherwise the background
155 if set to a true value, the make_natural_join method of
156 SQL::Translator::Schema will be called before generating the
157 graph; a true value for join_pk_only (see below) implies a
158 true value for this option
162 the value of this option will be passed as the value of the
163 like-named argument in the make_natural_join method (see
164 natural_join above) of SQL::Translator::Schema, if either the
165 value of this option or the natural_join option is set to true
169 the value of this option will be passed as the value of the
170 like-named argument in the make_natural_join method (see
171 natural_join above) of SQL::Translator::Schema, if either
172 the natural_join or join_pk_only options has a true value
176 if set to a true value, each record will also show the indexes
177 set on each table. it describes the index types along with
178 which columns are included in the index. this option requires
179 that show_fields is a true value as well
181 =item * show_index_names
183 if show_indexes is set to a true value, then the value of this
184 parameter determines whether or not to print names of indexes.
185 if show_index_names is false, then a list of indexed columns
186 will appear below the field list. otherwise, it will be a list
187 prefixed with the name of each index. it defaults to true.
189 =item * friendly_ints
191 if set to a true value, each integer type field will be displayed
192 as a smallint, integer or bigint depending on the field's
193 associated size parameter. this only applies for the 'integer'
194 type (and not the lowercase 'int' type, which is assumed to be a
197 =item * friendly_ints_extended
199 if set to a true value, the friendly ints displayed will take into
200 account the non-standard types, 'tinyint' and 'mediumint' (which,
201 as far as I am aware, is only implemented in MySQL)
209 use SQL::Translator::Schema::Constants;
210 use SQL::Translator::Utils qw(debug);
211 use Scalar::Util qw/openhandle/;
213 use vars qw[ $VERSION $DEBUG ];
215 $DEBUG = 0 unless defined $DEBUG;
217 use constant VALID_LAYOUT => {
223 use constant VALID_NODE_SHAPE => {
241 my $schema = $t->schema;
242 my $args = $t->producer_args;
243 local $DEBUG = $t->debug;
245 my $out_file = $args->{'out_file'} || '';
246 my $layout = $args->{'layout'} || 'dot';
247 my $node_shape = $args->{'node_shape'} || 'record';
248 my $output_type = $args->{'output_type'} || 'png';
249 my $width = defined $args->{'width'}
250 ? $args->{'width'} : 8.5;
251 my $height = defined $args->{'height'}
252 ? $args->{'height'} : 11;
253 my $fontsize = $args->{'fontsize'};
254 my $fontname = $args->{'fontname'};
255 my $edgeattrs = $args->{'edgeattrs'} || {};
256 my $graphattrs = $args->{'graphattrs'} || {};
257 my $nodeattrs = $args->{'nodeattrs'} || {};
258 my $show_fields = defined $args->{'show_fields'}
259 ? $args->{'show_fields'} : 1;
260 my $add_color = $args->{'add_color'};
261 my $natural_join = $args->{'natural_join'};
262 my $show_fk_only = $args->{'show_fk_only'};
263 my $show_datatypes = $args->{'show_datatypes'};
264 my $show_sizes = $args->{'show_sizes'};
265 my $show_indexes = $args->{'show_indexes'};
266 my $show_index_names = defined $args->{'show_index_names'} ? $args->{'show_index_names'} : 1;
267 my $friendly_ints = $args->{'friendly_ints'};
268 my $friendly_ints_ex = $args->{'friendly_ints_extended'};
269 my $show_constraints = $args->{'show_constraints'};
270 my $join_pk_only = $args->{'join_pk_only'};
271 my $skip_fields = $args->{'skip_fields'} || '';
272 my %skip = map { s/^\s+|\s+$//g; length $_ ? ($_, 1) : () }
273 split ( /,/, $skip_fields );
274 $natural_join ||= $join_pk_only;
276 $schema->make_natural_joins(
277 join_pk_only => $join_pk_only,
278 skip_fields => $args->{'skip_fields'},
281 die "Invalid layout '$layout'" unless VALID_LAYOUT->{ $layout };
282 die "Invalid node shape'$node_shape'"
283 unless VALID_NODE_SHAPE->{ $node_shape };
285 for ( $height, $width ) {
286 $_ = 0 unless $_ =~ /^\d+(.\d)?$/;
291 directed => $natural_join ? 0 : 1,
294 bgcolor => $add_color ? 'lightgoldenrodyellow' : 'white',
296 shape => $node_shape,
298 fillcolor => 'white',
301 $args{'width'} = $width if $width;
302 $args{'height'} = $height if $height;
303 # set fontsize for edge and node labels if specified
305 $args{'node'}->{'fontsize'} = $fontsize;
306 $args{'edge'} = {} unless $args{'edge'};
307 $args{'edge'}->{'fontsize'} = $fontsize;
309 # set the font name globally for node, edge, and graph labels if
310 # specified (use node, edge, or graph attributes for individual
311 # font specification)
313 $args{'node'}->{'fontname'} = $fontname;
314 $args{'edge'} = {} unless $args{'edge'};
315 $args{'edge'}->{'fontname'} = $fontname;
316 $args{'graph'} = {} unless $args{'graph'};
317 $args{'graph'}->{'fontname'} = $fontname;
319 # set additional node, edge, and graph attributes; these may
320 # possibly override ones set before
321 while (my ($key,$val) = each %$nodeattrs) {
322 $args{'node'}->{$key} = $val;
324 $args{'edge'} = {} if %$edgeattrs && !$args{'edge'};
325 while (my ($key,$val) = each %$edgeattrs) {
326 $args{'edge'}->{$key} = $val;
328 $args{'graph'} = {} if %$edgeattrs && !$args{'graph'};
329 while (my ($key,$val) = each %$graphattrs) {
330 $args{'graph'}->{$key} = $val;
334 # Create a blank GraphViz object and see if we can produce the output type.
336 my $gv = GraphViz->new( %args ) or die "Can't create GraphViz object\n";
337 my $output_method = "as_$output_type";
339 # the generators are AUTOLOADed so can't use ->can ($output_method)
340 eval { $gv->$output_method };
341 die "Invalid output type: '$output_type'" if $@;
344 my %nj_registry; # for locations of fields for natural joins
345 my @fk_registry; # for locations of fields for foreign keys
347 for my $table ( $schema->get_tables ) {
348 my @fields = $table->get_fields;
349 if ( $show_fk_only ) {
350 @fields = grep { $_->is_foreign_key } @fields;
357 foreach my $field (@fields) {
360 if ($show_datatypes) {
362 $field_type = $field->data_type;
364 # For the integer type, transform into different types based on
365 # requested size, if a size is given.
366 if ($field->size and $friendly_ints and (lc $field_type) eq 'integer') {
367 # Automatically translate to int2, int4, int8
368 # Type (Bits) Max. Signed/Unsigned Length
371 # smallint (16) 32767 5
373 # mediumint* (24) 8388607 7
375 # int (32) 2147483647 10
377 # bigint (64) 9223372036854775807 19
378 # 18446744073709551615 20
380 # * tinyint and mediumint are nonstandard extensions which are
381 # only available under MySQL (to my knowledge)
382 my $size = $field->size;
383 if ($size <= 3 and $friendly_ints_ex) {
384 $field_type = 'tinyint',
387 $field_type = 'smallint';
389 elsif ($size <= 8 and $friendly_ints_ex) {
390 $field_type = 'mediumint';
392 elsif ($size <= 11) {
393 $field_type = 'integer';
396 $field_type = 'bigint';
405 ($field_type =~ /^(var)?char2?$/ or $field_type eq 'numeric' or $field_type eq 'decimal')
407 $field_type .= '(' . $field->size . ')';
412 if ($show_constraints) {
414 push(@constraints, 'PK') if $field->is_primary_key;
415 push(@constraints, 'FK') if $field->is_foreign_key;
416 push(@constraints, 'U') if $field->is_unique;
418 $constraints = join (',', @constraints);
421 # construct the field line from all info gathered so far
422 push @fmt_fields, join (' ',
426 $constraints ? "[$constraints]" : (),
431 # join field lines with graphviz formatting
432 $field_str = join ('\l', @fmt_fields) . '\l';
439 foreach my $index ($table->get_indices) {
440 next unless $index->is_valid;
442 push @fmt_indexes, join (' ',
444 $show_index_names ? $index->name . ':' : (),
445 join (', ', $index->fields),
446 ($index->type eq 'UNIQUE') ? '[U]' : (),
450 # join index lines with graphviz formatting (if any indexes at all)
451 $index_str = join ('\l', @fmt_indexes) . '\l' if @fmt_indexes;
454 my $table_name = $table->name;
455 my $name_str = $table_name . '\n';
458 for ($name_str, $field_str, $index_str) {
463 # only the 'record' type supports nice formatting
464 if ($node_shape eq 'record') {
466 # the necessity to supply shape => 'record' is a graphviz bug
467 $gv->add_node( $table_name,
469 label => sprintf ('{%s}',
479 my $sep = sprintf ('%s\n',
480 '-' x ( (length $table_name) + 2)
483 $gv->add_node( $table_name,
493 debug("Processing table '$table_name'");
495 debug("Fields = ", join(', ', map { $_->name } @fields));
497 for my $f ( @fields ) {
498 my $name = $f->name or next;
499 my $is_pk = $f->is_primary_key;
500 my $is_unique = $f->is_unique;
503 # Decide if we should skip this field.
505 if ( $natural_join ) {
506 next unless $is_pk || $f->is_foreign_key;
509 my $constraints = $f->{'constraints'};
511 if ( $natural_join && !$skip{ $name } ) {
512 push @{ $nj_registry{ $name } }, $table_name;
516 unless ( $natural_join ) {
517 for my $c ( $table->get_constraints ) {
518 next unless $c->type eq FOREIGN_KEY;
519 my $fk_table = $c->reference_table or next;
521 for my $field_name ( $c->fields ) {
522 for my $fk_field ( $c->reference_fields ) {
523 next unless defined $schema->get_table( $fk_table );
524 push @fk_registry, [ $table_name, $fk_table ];
532 # Make the connections.
535 if ( $natural_join ) {
536 for my $field_name ( keys %nj_registry ) {
537 my @table_names = @{ $nj_registry{ $field_name } || [] } or next;
538 next if scalar @table_names == 1;
539 push @table_bunches, [ @table_names ];
543 @table_bunches = @fk_registry;
547 for my $bunch ( @table_bunches ) {
548 my @tables = @$bunch;
550 for my $i ( 0 .. $#tables ) {
551 my $table1 = $tables[ $i ];
552 for my $j ( 0 .. $#tables ) {
554 my $table2 = $tables[ $j ];
555 next if $done{ $table1 }{ $table2 };
556 $gv->add_edge( $table2, $table1 );
557 $done{ $table1 }{ $table2 } = 1;
558 $done{ $table2 }{ $table1 } = 1;
567 if (openhandle ($out_file)) {
568 print $out_file $gv->$output_method;
571 open my $fh, ">$out_file" or die "Can't write '$out_file': $!\n";
573 print $fh $gv->$output_method;
578 return $gv->$output_method;
584 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
590 Ken Y. Clark E<lt>kclark@cpan.orgE<gt>
594 Jonathan Yu E<lt>frequency@cpan.orgE<gt>
598 SQL::Translator, GraphViz