1 package DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader;
5 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema Class::Accessor::Grouped/;
8 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
9 use Scalar::Util 'weaken';
10 use Sub::Name 'subname';
13 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
14 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
15 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
16 our $VERSION = '0.07010';
18 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('inherited', qw/
27 __PACKAGE__->_loader_args({});
31 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader - Create a DBIx::Class::Schema based on a database
35 ### use this module to generate a set of class files
38 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
42 dump_directory => './lib',
44 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"', 'myuser', 'mypassword',
45 { loader_class => 'MyLoader' } # optionally
49 # from the command line or a shell script with dbicdump (distributed
50 # with this module). Do `perldoc dbicdump` for usage.
51 dbicdump -o dump_directory=./lib \
52 -o components='["InflateColumn::DateTime"]' \
59 ### or generate and load classes at runtime
60 # note: this technique is not recommended
61 # for use in production code
64 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
66 __PACKAGE__->loader_options(
67 constraint => '^foo.*',
71 #### in application code elsewhere:
75 my $schema1 = My::Schema->connect( $dsn, $user, $password, $attrs);
77 my $schema1 = "My::Schema"; $schema1->connection(as above);
81 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader automates the definition of a
82 L<DBIx::Class::Schema> by scanning database table definitions and setting up
83 the columns, primary keys, unique constraints and relationships.
85 See L<dbicdump> for the C<dbicdump> utility.
87 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader currently supports only the DBI storage type. It
88 has explicit support for L<DBD::Pg>, L<DBD::mysql>, L<DBD::DB2>,
89 L<DBD::Firebird>, L<DBD::InterBase>, L<DBD::Informix>, L<DBD::SQLAnywhere>,
90 L<DBD::SQLite>, L<DBD::Sybase> (for Sybase ASE and MSSSQL), L<DBD::ODBC> (for
91 MSSQL, MSAccess, Firebird and SQL Anywhere) L<DBD::ADO> (for MSSQL and
92 MSAccess) and L<DBD::Oracle>. Other DBI drivers may function to a greater or
93 lesser degree with this loader, depending on how much of the DBI spec they
94 implement, and how standard their implementation is.
96 Patches to make other DBDs work correctly welcome.
98 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::DBI::Writing> for notes on writing
99 your own vendor-specific subclass for an unsupported DBD driver.
101 This module requires L<DBIx::Class> 0.08127 or later, and obsoletes the older
102 L<DBIx::Class::Loader>.
104 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> for available options.
110 The loader object, as class data on your Schema. For methods available see
111 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> and L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::DBI>.
124 =item Argument: $loader_class
128 Set the loader class to be instantiated when L</connection> is called.
129 If the classname starts with "::", "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader" is
130 prepended. Defaults to L<DBIx::Class::Schema/storage_type> (which must
131 start with "::" when using L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>).
133 This is mostly useful for subclassing existing loaders or in conjunction
134 with L</dump_to_dir>.
136 =head2 loader_options
140 =item Argument: \%loader_options
144 Example in Synopsis above demonstrates a few common arguments. For
145 detailed information on all of the arguments, most of which are
146 only useful in fairly complex scenarios, see the
147 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> documentation.
149 If you intend to use C<loader_options>, you must call
150 C<loader_options> before any connection is made, or embed the
151 C<loader_options> in the connection information itself as shown
152 below. Setting C<loader_options> after the connection has
153 already been made is useless.
160 my %args = (ref $_[0] eq 'HASH') ? %{$_[0]} : @_;
161 $self->_loader_args(\%args);
168 my $class = ref $self || $self;
170 my $args = $self->_loader_args;
172 # set up the schema/schema_class arguments
173 $args->{schema} = $self;
174 $args->{schema_class} = $class;
175 weaken($args->{schema}) if ref $self;
176 $args->{dump_directory} ||= $self->dump_to_dir;
177 $args->{naming} = $self->naming if $self->naming;
178 $args->{use_namespaces} = $self->use_namespaces if defined $self->use_namespaces;
180 # XXX this only works for relative storage_type, like ::DBI ...
181 my $loader_class = $self->loader_class;
183 $loader_class = "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader${loader_class}" if $loader_class =~ /^::/;
184 $args->{loader_class} = $loader_class;
187 my $impl = $loader_class || "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader" . $self->storage_type;
188 eval { $self->ensure_class_loaded($impl) };
189 croak qq/Could not load loader_class "$impl": "$@"/ if $@;
191 $self->loader($impl->new(%$args));
193 $self->_loader_invoked(1);
202 =item Arguments: @args
204 =item Return Value: $new_schema
208 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connection> for basic usage.
210 If the final argument is a hashref, and it contains the keys C<loader_options>
211 or C<loader_class>, those keys will be deleted, and their values value will be
212 used for the loader options or class, respectively, just as if set via the
213 L</loader_options> or L</loader_class> methods above.
215 The actual auto-loading operation (the heart of this module) will be invoked
216 as soon as the connection information is defined.
223 if($_[-1] && ref $_[-1] eq 'HASH') {
224 for my $option (qw/loader_class loader_options/) {
225 if(my $value = delete $_[-1]->{$option}) {
226 $self->$option($value);
229 pop @_ if !keys %{$_[-1]};
232 # Make sure we inherit from schema_base_class and load schema_components
234 require DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base;
235 my $temp_loader = DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base->new(
236 %{ $self->_loader_args }
239 if ($temp_loader->schema_base_class || $temp_loader->schema_components) {
240 my @components = @{ $temp_loader->schema_components }
241 if $temp_loader->schema_components;
243 push @components, ('+'.$temp_loader->schema_base_class)
244 if $temp_loader->schema_base_class;
246 $self->load_components(@components);
248 # This hack is necessary because we changed @ISA of $self through
250 no warnings 'redefine';
252 local *connection = subname __PACKAGE__.'::connection' => sub {
254 $self->next::method(@_);
257 $self = $self->connection(@_);
260 $self = $self->next::method(@_);
263 my $class = ref $self || $self;
264 if(!$class->_loader_invoked) {
265 $self->_invoke_loader
273 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/clone>.
280 my $clone = $self->next::method(@_);
282 if($clone->_loader_args) {
283 $clone->_loader_args->{schema} = $clone;
284 weaken($clone->_loader_args->{schema});
294 =item Argument: $directory
298 Calling this as a class method on either L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>
299 or any derived schema class will cause all schemas to dump
300 manual versions of themselves to the named directory when they are
301 loaded. In order to be effective, this must be set before defining a
302 connection on this schema class or any derived object (as the loading
303 happens as soon as both a connection and loader_options are set, and
304 only once per class).
306 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/dump_directory> for more
307 details on the dumping mechanism.
309 This can also be set at module import time via the import option
310 C<dump_to_dir:/foo/bar> to L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>, where
311 C</foo/bar> is the target directory.
315 # My::Schema isa DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader, and has connection info
316 # hardcoded in the class itself:
317 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=dump_to_dir:/foo/bar -MMy::Schema -e1
319 # Same, but no hard-coded connection, so we must provide one:
320 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=dump_to_dir:/foo/bar -MMy::Schema -e 'My::Schema->connection("dbi:Pg:dbname=foo", ...)'
322 # Or as a class method, as long as you get it done *before* defining a
323 # connection on this schema class or any derived object:
325 My::Schema->dump_to_dir('/foo/bar');
326 My::Schema->connection(........);
328 # Or as a class method on the DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader itself, which affects all
332 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader->dump_to_dir('/foo/bar');
333 My::Schema->connection(.......);
334 My::OtherSchema->connection(.......);
336 # Another alternative to the above:
337 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw| dump_to_dir:/foo/bar |;
340 My::Schema->connection(.......);
341 My::OtherSchema->connection(.......);
350 my $cpkg = (caller)[0];
352 foreach my $opt (@_) {
353 if($opt =~ m{^dump_to_dir:(.*)$}) {
354 $self->dump_to_dir($1)
356 elsif($opt eq 'make_schema_at') {
358 *{"${cpkg}::make_schema_at"} = \&make_schema_at;
360 elsif($opt eq 'naming') {
362 *{"${cpkg}::naming"} = sub { $self->naming(@_) };
364 elsif($opt eq 'use_namespaces') {
366 *{"${cpkg}::use_namespaces"} = sub { $self->use_namespaces(@_) };
371 =head2 make_schema_at
375 =item Arguments: $schema_class_name, \%loader_options, \@connect_info
377 =item Return Value: $schema_class_name
381 This function creates a DBIx::Class schema from an existing RDBMS
382 schema. With the C<dump_directory> option, generates a set of
383 DBIx::Class classes from an existing database schema read from the
384 given dsn. Without a C<dump_directory>, creates schema classes in
385 memory at runtime without generating on-disk class files.
387 For a complete list of supported loader_options, see
388 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base>
390 The last hashref in the C<\@connect_info> can specify the L</loader_class>.
392 This function can be imported in the usual way, as illustrated in
395 # Simple example, creates as a new class 'New::Schema::Name' in
396 # memory in the running perl interpreter.
397 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
401 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"','postgres','',
402 { loader_class => 'MyLoader' } # optionally
406 # Inside a script, specifying a dump directory in which to write
408 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
411 { debug => 1, dump_directory => './lib' },
412 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"','postgres','',
413 { loader_class => 'MyLoader' } # optionally
417 The last hashref in the C<\@connect_info> is checked for loader arguments such
418 as C<loader_options> and C<loader_class>, see L</connection> for more details.
423 my ($target, $opts, $connect_info) = @_;
427 @{$target . '::ISA'} = qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
430 eval { $target->_loader_invoked(0) };
432 $target->loader_options($opts);
433 $target->connection(@$connect_info);
440 =item Return Value: @new_monikers
444 Re-scans the database for newly added tables since the initial
445 load, and adds them to the schema at runtime, including relationships,
446 etc. Does not process drops or changes.
448 Returns a list of the new monikers added.
452 sub rescan { my $self = shift; $self->loader->rescan($self) }
458 =item Arguments: \%opts | $ver
462 Controls the naming options for backward compatibility, see
463 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/naming> for details.
465 To upgrade a dynamic schema, use:
467 __PACKAGE__->naming('current');
469 Can be imported into your dump script and called as a function as well:
473 =head2 use_namespaces
481 Controls the use_namespaces options for backward compatibility, see
482 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/use_namespaces> for details.
484 To upgrade a dynamic schema, use:
486 __PACKAGE__->use_namespaces(1);
488 Can be imported into your dump script and called as a function as well:
494 =head2 Multiple Database Schemas
496 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/db_schema>.
498 =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
500 Matt S Trout, all of the #dbix-class folks, and everyone who's ever sent
501 in a bug report or suggestion.
503 Based on L<DBIx::Class::Loader> by Sebastian Riedel
505 Based upon the work of IKEBE Tomohiro
509 blblack: Brandon Black <blblack@gmail.com>
513 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari MannsE<aring>ker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
515 arcanez: Justin Hunter <justin.d.hunter@gmail.com>
517 ash: Ash Berlin <ash@cpan.org>
519 btilly: Ben Tilly <btilly@gmail.com>
521 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@cpan.org>
523 TSUNODA Kazuya <drk@drk7.jp>
525 rbo: Robert Bohne <rbo@cpan.org>
527 ribasushi: Peter Rabbitson <ribasushi@cpan.org>
529 gugu: Andrey Kostenko <a.kostenko@rambler-co.ru>
531 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
533 rbuels: Robert Buels <rmb32@cornell.edu>
535 timbunce: Tim Bunce <timb@cpan.org>
537 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
539 mstratman: Mark A. Stratman <stratman@gmail.com>
541 kane: Jos Boumans <kane@cpan.org>
543 waawaamilk: Nigel McNie <nigel@mcnie.name>
545 acmoore: Andrew Moore <amoore@cpan.org>
547 bphillips: Brian Phillips <bphillips@cpan.org>
549 schwern: Michael G. Schwern <mschwern@cpan.org>
551 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <arodland@cpan.org>
553 domm: Thomas Klausner <domm@plix.at>
555 spb: Stephen Bennett <spb@exherbo.org>
557 Matias E. Fernandez <mfernandez@pisco.ch>
559 Al Newkirk <awncorp@cpan.org>
561 ... and lots of other folks. If we forgot you, please write the current
564 =head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
566 Copyright (c) 2006 - 2009 by the aforementioned
567 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/AUTHOR> and
568 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/CONTRIBUTORS>.
570 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
571 the same terms as Perl itself.
575 L<DBIx::Class>, L<DBIx::Class::Manual::ExampleSchema>
580 # vim:et sts=4 sw=4 tw=0: