1 package DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader;
5 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
6 use base qw/Class::Data::Accessor/;
7 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
8 use UNIVERSAL::require;
10 use Scalar::Util qw/ weaken /;
12 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
13 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
14 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
15 our $VERSION = '0.03004';
17 __PACKAGE__->mk_classaccessor('dump_to_dir');
18 __PACKAGE__->mk_classaccessor('loader');
19 __PACKAGE__->mk_classaccessor('_loader_args');
23 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader - Dynamic definition of a DBIx::Class::Schema
28 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
30 __PACKAGE__->loader_options(
32 constraint => '^foo.*',
36 # in seperate application code ...
40 my $schema1 = My::Schema->connect( $dsn, $user, $password, $attrs);
42 my $schema1 = "My::Schema"; $schema1->connection(as above);
46 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader automates the definition of a
47 L<DBIx::Class::Schema> by scanning database table definitions and
48 setting up the columns and primary keys.
50 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader currently supports DBI for MySQL,
51 PostgreSQL, SQLite and DB2.
53 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::DBI::Writing> for notes on writing
54 your own vendor-specific subclass for an unsupported DBD driver.
56 This module requires L<DBIx::Class> 0.06 or later, and obsoletes
57 the older L<DBIx::Class::Loader>.
59 This module is designed more to get you up and running quickly against
60 an existing database, or to be effective for simple situations, rather
61 than to be what you use in the long term for a complex database/project.
63 That being said, transitioning your code from a Schema generated by this
64 module to one that doesn't use this module should be straightforward and
65 painless (as long as you're not using any methods that are now deprecated
66 in this document), so don't shy away from it just for fears of the
67 transition down the road.
73 Example in Synopsis above demonstrates a few common arguments. For
74 detailed information on all of the arguments, most of which are
75 only useful in fairly complex scenarios, see the
76 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> documentation.
78 This method is *required*, for backwards compatibility reasons. If
79 you do not wish to change any options, just call it with an empty
80 argument list during schema class initialization.
88 if(ref $_[0] eq 'HASH') {
95 my $class = ref $self || $self;
96 $args{schema} = $self;
97 $args{schema_class} = $class;
98 weaken($args{schema}) if ref $self;
100 $self->_loader_args(\%args);
101 $self->_invoke_loader if $self->storage && !$class->loader;
108 my $class = ref $self || $self;
110 $self->_loader_args->{dump_directory} ||= $self->dump_to_dir;
112 # XXX this only works for relative storage_type, like ::DBI ...
113 my $impl = "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader" . $self->storage_type;
115 croak qq/Could not load storage_type loader "$impl": / .
116 qq/"$UNIVERSAL::require::ERROR"/;
118 # XXX in the future when we get rid of ->loader, the next two
119 # lines can be replaced by "$impl->new(%{$self->_loader_args})->load;"
120 $class->loader($impl->new(%{$self->_loader_args}));
121 $class->loader->load;
128 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema>.
133 my $self = shift->next::method(@_);
135 my $class = ref $self || $self;
136 $self->_invoke_loader if $self->_loader_args && !$class->loader;
143 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema>.
150 croak "You failed to specify the required loader_options"
151 if !$self->_loader_args;
153 my $clone = $self->next::method(@_);
155 $clone->_loader_args($self->_loader_args);
156 $clone->_loader_args->{schema} = $clone;
157 weaken($clone->_loader_args->{schema});
164 Argument: directory name.
166 Calling this as a class method on either L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>
167 or any derived schema class will cause all affected schemas to dump
168 manual versions of themselves to the named directory when they are
169 loaded. In order to be effective, this must be set before defining a
170 connection on this schema class or any derived object (as the loading
171 happens as soon as both a connection and loader_options are set, and
172 only once per class).
174 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/dump_directory> for more
175 details on the dumping mechanism.
177 This can also be set at module import time via the import option
178 C<dump_to_dir:/foo/bar> to L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>, where
179 C</foo/bar> is the target directory.
183 # My::Schema isa DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader, and has connection info
184 # hardcoded in the class itself:
185 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=dump_to_dir:/foo/bar -MMy::Schema -e1
187 # Same, but no hard-coded connection, so we must provide one:
188 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=dump_to_dir:/foo/bar -MMy::Schema -e 'My::Schema->connection("dbi:Pg:dbname=foo", ...)'
190 # Or as a class method, as long as you get it done *before* defining a
191 # connection on this schema class or any derived object:
193 My::Schema->dump_to_dir('/foo/bar');
194 My::Schema->connection(........);
196 # Or as a class method on the DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader itself, which affects all
200 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader->dump_to_dir('/foo/bar');
201 My::Schema->connection(.......);
202 My::OtherSchema->connection(.......);
204 # Another alternative to the above:
205 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw| dump_to_dir:/foo/bar |;
208 My::Schema->connection(.......);
209 My::OtherSchema->connection(.......);
216 foreach my $opt (@_) {
217 if($opt =~ m{^dump_to_dir:(.*)$}) {
218 $self->dump_to_dir($1)
220 elsif($opt eq 'make_schema_at') {
222 my $cpkg = (caller)[0];
223 *{"${cpkg}::make_schema_at"} = \&make_schema_at;
228 =head2 make_schema_at
230 This simple function allows one to create a Loader-based schema
231 in-memory on the fly without any on-disk class files of any
232 kind. When used with the C<dump_directory> option, you can
233 use this to generate a rough draft manual schema from a dsn
234 without the intermediate step of creating a physical Loader-based
237 The return value is the input class name.
239 This function can be exported/imported by the normal means, as
240 illustrated in these Examples:
242 # Simple example, creates as a new class 'New::Schema::Name' in
243 # memory in the running perl interpreter.
244 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
247 { relationships => 1, debug => 1 },
248 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"','postgres' ],
251 # Complex: dump loaded schema to disk, all from the commandline:
252 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=make_schema_at,dump_to_dir:./lib -e 'make_schema_at("New::Schema::Name", { relationships => 1 }, [ "dbi:Pg:dbname=foo","postgres" ])'
254 # Same, but inside a script, and using a different way to specify the
256 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
259 { relationships => 1, debug => 1, dump_directory => './lib' },
260 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"','postgres' ],
266 my ($target, $opts, $connect_info) = @_;
270 @{$target . '::ISA'} = qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
273 $target->loader_options($opts);
274 $target->connection(@$connect_info);
279 Using the example in L<DBIx::Class::Manual::ExampleSchema> as a basis
280 replace the DB::Main with the following code:
284 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
286 __PACKAGE__->loader_options(
290 __PACKAGE__->connection('dbi:SQLite:example.db');
294 and remove the Main directory tree (optional). Every thing else
297 =head1 DEPRECATED METHODS
299 You don't need to read anything in this section unless you're upgrading
300 code that was written against pre-0.03 versions of this module. This
301 version is intended to be backwards-compatible with pre-0.03 code, but
302 will issue warnings about your usage of deprecated features/methods.
304 =head2 load_from_connection
306 This deprecated method is now roughly an alias for L</loader_options>.
308 This method *will* disappear in a future version.
310 For now, using this method will invoke the legacy behavior for
311 backwards compatibility, and merely emit a warning about upgrading
314 It also reverts the default inflection scheme to
315 use L<Lingua::EN::Inflect> just like pre-0.03 versions of this
318 You can force these legacy inflections with the
319 option C<legacy_default_inflections>, even after switch over
320 to the preferred L</loader_options> way of doing things.
322 See the source of this method for more details.
326 sub load_from_connection {
327 my ($self, %args) = @_;
329 my $cmds_ver = $Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema::VERSION;
331 if($cmds_ver < 0.14) {
332 warn 'You should upgrade your installation of'
333 . ' Catalyst::Model::DBIC::Schema to 0.14 or higher, then:';
335 warn 'You should regenerate your Model files, which may eliminate'
336 . ' the following deprecation warning:';
338 warn 'load_from_connection deprecated, please [re-]read the'
339 . ' [new] DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader documentation';
341 # Support the old connect_info / dsn / etc args...
342 $args{connect_info} = [
345 delete $args{password},
346 delete $args{options},
349 $self->connection(@{delete $args{connect_info}})
350 if $args{connect_info};
352 $self->loader_options('legacy_default_inflections' => 1, %args);
357 This is an accessor in the generated Schema class for accessing
358 the L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> -based loader object
359 that was used during construction. See the
360 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> docs for more information
361 on the available loader methods there.
363 This accessor is deprecated. Do not use it. Anything you can
364 get from C<loader>, you can get via the normal L<DBIx::Class::Schema>
365 methods, and your code will be more robust and forward-thinking
368 If you're already using C<loader> in your code, make an effort
369 to get rid of it. If you think you've found a situation where it
370 is necessary, let me know and we'll see what we can do to remedy
373 In some future version, this accessor *will* disappear. It was
374 apparently quite a design/API mistake to ever have exposed it to
375 user-land in the first place, all things considered.
379 =head2 Multiple Database Schemas
381 Currently the loader is limited to working within a single schema
382 (using the database vendors' definition of "schema"). If you
383 have a multi-schema database with inter-schema relationships (which
384 is easy to do in PostgreSQL or DB2 for instance), you only get to
385 automatically load the tables of one schema, and any relationships
386 to tables in other schemas will be silently ignored.
388 At some point in the future, an intelligent way around this might be
389 devised, probably by allowing the C<db_schema> option to be an
390 arrayref of schemas to load, or perhaps even offering schema
391 constraint/exclusion options just like the table ones.
393 In "normal" L<DBIx::Class::Schema> usage, manually-defined
394 source classes and relationships have no problems crossing vendor schemas.
398 Brandon Black, C<blblack@gmail.com>
400 Based on L<DBIx::Class::Loader> by Sebastian Riedel
402 Based upon the work of IKEBE Tomohiro
406 Adam Anderson, Andy Grundman, Autrijus Tang, Dan Kubb, David Naughton,
407 Randal Schwartz, Simon Flack, Matt S Trout, everyone on #dbix-class, and
408 all the others who've helped.
412 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
413 the same terms as Perl itself.
417 L<DBIx::Class>, L<DBIx::Class::Manual::ExampleSchema>