X-Git-Url: http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?p=catagits%2FGitalist.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=local-lib5%2Fman%2Fman3%2FXML%3A%3AParser.3pm;fp=local-lib5%2Fman%2Fman3%2FXML%3A%3AParser.3pm;h=6a22e1f94c498cce6bab4318f3c2e10a0da30908;hp=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000;hb=3fea05b9fbf95091f4522528b9980a33e0235603;hpb=af746827daa7a8feccee889e1d12ebc74cc9201e diff --git a/local-lib5/man/man3/XML::Parser.3pm b/local-lib5/man/man3/XML::Parser.3pm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6a22e1f --- /dev/null +++ b/local-lib5/man/man3/XML::Parser.3pm @@ -0,0 +1,594 @@ +.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.22 (Pod::Simple 3.10) +.\" +.\" Standard preamble: +.\" ======================================================================== +.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) +.if t .sp .5v +.if n .sp +.. +.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text +.ft CW +.nf +.ne \\$1 +.. +.de Ve \" End verbatim text +.ft R +.fi +.. +.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will +.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left +.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will +.\" give a nicer C++. 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Always turn off hyphenation; it makes +.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents. +.if n .ad l +.nh +.SH "NAME" +XML::Parser \- A perl module for parsing XML documents +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" +.Vb 1 +\& use XML::Parser; +\& +\& $p1 = new XML::Parser(Style => \*(AqDebug\*(Aq); +\& $p1\->parsefile(\*(AqREC\-xml\-19980210.xml\*(Aq); +\& $p1\->parse(\*(AqHello World\*(Aq); +\& +\& # Alternative +\& $p2 = new XML::Parser(Handlers => {Start => \e&handle_start, +\& End => \e&handle_end, +\& Char => \e&handle_char}); +\& $p2\->parse($socket); +\& +\& # Another alternative +\& $p3 = new XML::Parser(ErrorContext => 2); +\& +\& $p3\->setHandlers(Char => \e&text, +\& Default => \e&other); +\& +\& open(FOO, \*(Aqxmlgenerator |\*(Aq); +\& $p3\->parse(*FOO, ProtocolEncoding => \*(AqISO\-8859\-1\*(Aq); +\& close(FOO); +\& +\& $p3\->parsefile(\*(Aqjunk.xml\*(Aq, ErrorContext => 3); +.Ve +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" +This module provides ways to parse \s-1XML\s0 documents. It is built on top of +XML::Parser::Expat, which is a lower level interface to James Clark's +expat library. Each call to one of the parsing methods creates a new +instance of XML::Parser::Expat which is then used to parse the document. +Expat options may be provided when the XML::Parser object is created. +These options are then passed on to the Expat object on each parse call. +They can also be given as extra arguments to the parse methods, in which +case they override options given at XML::Parser creation time. +.PP +The behavior of the parser is controlled either by \f(CW"Style"\fR and/or +\&\f(CW"Handlers"\fR options, or by \*(L"setHandlers\*(R" method. These all provide +mechanisms for XML::Parser to set the handlers needed by XML::Parser::Expat. +If neither \f(CW\*(C`Style\*(C'\fR nor \f(CW\*(C`Handlers\*(C'\fR are specified, then parsing just +checks the document for being well-formed. +.PP +When underlying handlers get called, they receive as their first parameter +the \fIExpat\fR object, not the Parser object. +.SH "METHODS" +.IX Header "METHODS" +.IP "new" 4 +.IX Item "new" +This is a class method, the constructor for XML::Parser. Options are passed +as keyword value pairs. Recognized options are: +.RS 4 +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Style +.Sp +This option provides an easy way to create a given style of parser. The +built in styles are: \*(L"Debug\*(R", \*(L"Subs\*(R", \*(L"Tree\*(R", \*(L"Objects\*(R", +and \*(L"Stream\*(R". These are all defined in separate packages under +\&\f(CW\*(C`XML::Parser::Style::*\*(C'\fR, and you can find further documentation for +each style both below, and in those packages. +.Sp +Custom styles can be provided by giving a full package name containing +at least one '::'. This package should then have subs defined for each +handler it wishes to have installed. See \*(L"\s-1STYLES\s0\*(R" below +for a discussion of each built in style. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Handlers +.Sp +When provided, this option should be an anonymous hash containing as +keys the type of handler and as values a sub reference to handle that +type of event. All the handlers get passed as their 1st parameter the +instance of expat that is parsing the document. Further details on +handlers can be found in \*(L"\s-1HANDLERS\s0\*(R". Any handler set here +overrides the corresponding handler set with the Style option. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Pkg +.Sp +Some styles will refer to subs defined in this package. If not provided, +it defaults to the package which called the constructor. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +ErrorContext +.Sp +This is an Expat option. When this option is defined, errors are reported +in context. The value should be the number of lines to show on either side +of the line in which the error occurred. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +ProtocolEncoding +.Sp +This is an Expat option. This sets the protocol encoding name. It defaults +to none. The built-in encodings are: \f(CW\*(C`UTF\-8\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ISO\-8859\-1\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`UTF\-16\*(C'\fR, and +\&\f(CW\*(C`US\-ASCII\*(C'\fR. Other encodings may be used if they have encoding maps in one +of the directories in the \f(CW@Encoding_Path\fR list. Check \*(L"\s-1ENCODINGS\s0\*(R" for +more information on encoding maps. Setting the protocol encoding overrides +any encoding in the \s-1XML\s0 declaration. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Namespaces +.Sp +This is an Expat option. If this is set to a true value, then namespace +processing is done during the parse. See \*(L"Namespaces\*(R" in XML::Parser::Expat +for further discussion of namespace processing. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +NoExpand +.Sp +This is an Expat option. Normally, the parser will try to expand references +to entities defined in the internal subset. If this option is set to a true +value, and a default handler is also set, then the default handler will be +called when an entity reference is seen in text. This has no effect if a +default handler has not been registered, and it has no effect on the expansion +of entity references inside attribute values. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Stream_Delimiter +.Sp +This is an Expat option. It takes a string value. When this string is found +alone on a line while parsing from a stream, then the parse is ended as if it +saw an end of file. The intended use is with a stream of xml documents in a +\&\s-1MIME\s0 multipart format. The string should not contain a trailing newline. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +ParseParamEnt +.Sp +This is an Expat option. Unless standalone is set to \*(L"yes\*(R" in the \s-1XML\s0 +declaration, setting this to a true value allows the external \s-1DTD\s0 to be read, +and parameter entities to be parsed and expanded. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +NoLWP +.Sp +This option has no effect if the ExternEnt or ExternEntFin handlers are +directly set. Otherwise, if true, it forces the use of a file based external +entity handler. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Non-Expat-Options +.Sp +If provided, this should be an anonymous hash whose keys are options that +shouldn't be passed to Expat. This should only be of concern to those +subclassing XML::Parser. +.RE +.RS 4 +.RE +.IP "setHandlers(\s-1TYPE\s0, \s-1HANDLER\s0 [, \s-1TYPE\s0, \s-1HANDLER\s0 [...]])" 4 +.IX Item "setHandlers(TYPE, HANDLER [, TYPE, HANDLER [...]])" +This method registers handlers for various parser events. It overrides any +previous handlers registered through the Style or Handler options or through +earlier calls to setHandlers. By providing a false or undefined value as +the handler, the existing handler can be unset. +.Sp +This method returns a list of type, handler pairs corresponding to the +input. The handlers returned are the ones that were in effect prior to +the call. +.Sp +See a description of the handler types in \*(L"\s-1HANDLERS\s0\*(R". +.IP "parse(\s-1SOURCE\s0 [, \s-1OPT\s0 => \s-1OPT_VALUE\s0 [...]])" 4 +.IX Item "parse(SOURCE [, OPT => OPT_VALUE [...]])" +The \s-1SOURCE\s0 parameter should either be a string containing the whole \s-1XML\s0 +document, or it should be an open IO::Handle. Constructor options to +XML::Parser::Expat given as keyword-value pairs may follow the \s-1SOURCE\s0 +parameter. These override, for this call, any options or attributes passed +through from the XML::Parser instance. +.Sp +A die call is thrown if a parse error occurs. Otherwise it will return 1 +or whatever is returned from the \fBFinal\fR handler, if one is installed. +In other words, what parse may return depends on the style. +.IP "parsestring" 4 +.IX Item "parsestring" +This is just an alias for parse for backwards compatibility. +.IP "parsefile(\s-1FILE\s0 [, \s-1OPT\s0 => \s-1OPT_VALUE\s0 [...]])" 4 +.IX Item "parsefile(FILE [, OPT => OPT_VALUE [...]])" +Open \s-1FILE\s0 for reading, then call parse with the open handle. The file +is closed no matter how parse returns. Returns what parse returns. +.IP "parse_start([ \s-1OPT\s0 => \s-1OPT_VALUE\s0 [...]])" 4 +.IX Item "parse_start([ OPT => OPT_VALUE [...]])" +Create and return a new instance of XML::Parser::ExpatNB. Constructor +options may be provided. If an init handler has been provided, it is +called before returning the ExpatNB object. Documents are parsed by +making incremental calls to the parse_more method of this object, which +takes a string. A single call to the parse_done method of this object, +which takes no arguments, indicates that the document is finished. +.Sp +If there is a final handler installed, it is executed by the parse_done +method before returning and the parse_done method returns whatever is +returned by the final handler. +.SH "HANDLERS" +.IX Header "HANDLERS" +Expat is an event based parser. As the parser recognizes parts of the +document (say the start or end tag for an \s-1XML\s0 element), then any handlers +registered for that type of an event are called with suitable parameters. +All handlers receive an instance of XML::Parser::Expat as their first +argument. See \*(L"\s-1METHODS\s0\*(R" in XML::Parser::Expat for a discussion of the +methods that can be called on this object. +.SS "Init (Expat)" +.IX Subsection "Init (Expat)" +This is called just before the parsing of the document starts. +.SS "Final (Expat)" +.IX Subsection "Final (Expat)" +This is called just after parsing has finished, but only if no errors +occurred during the parse. Parse returns what this returns. +.SS "Start (Expat, Element [, Attr, Val [,...]])" +.IX Subsection "Start (Expat, Element [, Attr, Val [,...]])" +This event is generated when an \s-1XML\s0 start tag is recognized. Element is the +name of the \s-1XML\s0 element type that is opened with the start tag. The Attr & +Val pairs are generated for each attribute in the start tag. +.SS "End (Expat, Element)" +.IX Subsection "End (Expat, Element)" +This event is generated when an \s-1XML\s0 end tag is recognized. Note that +an \s-1XML\s0 empty tag () generates both a start and an end event. +.SS "Char (Expat, String)" +.IX Subsection "Char (Expat, String)" +This event is generated when non-markup is recognized. The non-markup +sequence of characters is in String. A single non-markup sequence of +characters may generate multiple calls to this handler. Whatever the +encoding of the string in the original document, this is given to the +handler in \s-1UTF\-8\s0. +.SS "Proc (Expat, Target, Data)" +.IX Subsection "Proc (Expat, Target, Data)" +This event is generated when a processing instruction is recognized. +.SS "Comment (Expat, Data)" +.IX Subsection "Comment (Expat, Data)" +This event is generated when a comment is recognized. +.SS "CdataStart (Expat)" +.IX Subsection "CdataStart (Expat)" +This is called at the start of a \s-1CDATA\s0 section. +.SS "CdataEnd (Expat)" +.IX Subsection "CdataEnd (Expat)" +This is called at the end of a \s-1CDATA\s0 section. +.SS "Default (Expat, String)" +.IX Subsection "Default (Expat, String)" +This is called for any characters that don't have a registered handler. +This includes both characters that are part of markup for which no +events are generated (markup declarations) and characters that +could generate events, but for which no handler has been registered. +.PP +Whatever the encoding in the original document, the string is returned to +the handler in \s-1UTF\-8\s0. +.SS "Unparsed (Expat, Entity, Base, Sysid, Pubid, Notation)" +.IX Subsection "Unparsed (Expat, Entity, Base, Sysid, Pubid, Notation)" +This is called for a declaration of an unparsed entity. Entity is the name +of the entity. Base is the base to be used for resolving a relative \s-1URI\s0. +Sysid is the system id. Pubid is the public id. Notation is the notation +name. Base and Pubid may be undefined. +.SS "Notation (Expat, Notation, Base, Sysid, Pubid)" +.IX Subsection "Notation (Expat, Notation, Base, Sysid, Pubid)" +This is called for a declaration of notation. Notation is the notation name. +Base is the base to be used for resolving a relative \s-1URI\s0. Sysid is the system +id. Pubid is the public id. Base, Sysid, and Pubid may all be undefined. +.SS "ExternEnt (Expat, Base, Sysid, Pubid)" +.IX Subsection "ExternEnt (Expat, Base, Sysid, Pubid)" +This is called when an external entity is referenced. Base is the base to be +used for resolving a relative \s-1URI\s0. Sysid is the system id. Pubid is the public +id. Base, and Pubid may be undefined. +.PP +This handler should either return a string, which represents the contents of +the external entity, or return an open filehandle that can be read to obtain +the contents of the external entity, or return undef, which indicates the +external entity couldn't be found and will generate a parse error. +.PP +If an open filehandle is returned, it must be returned as either a glob +(*FOO) or as a reference to a glob (e.g. an instance of IO::Handle). +.PP +A default handler is installed for this event. The default handler is +XML::Parser::lwp_ext_ent_handler unless the NoLWP option was provided with +a true value, otherwise XML::Parser::file_ext_ent_handler is the default +handler for external entities. Even without the NoLWP option, if the +\&\s-1URI\s0 or \s-1LWP\s0 modules are missing, the file based handler ends up being used +after giving a warning on the first external entity reference. +.PP +The \s-1LWP\s0 external entity handler will use proxies defined in the environment +(http_proxy, ftp_proxy, etc.). +.PP +Please note that the \s-1LWP\s0 external entity handler reads the entire +entity into a string and returns it, where as the file handler opens a +filehandle. +.PP +Also note that the file external entity handler will likely choke on +absolute URIs or file names that don't fit the conventions of the local +operating system. +.PP +The expat base method can be used to set a basename for +relative pathnames. If no basename is given, or if the basename is itself +a relative name, then it is relative to the current working directory. +.SS "ExternEntFin (Expat)" +.IX Subsection "ExternEntFin (Expat)" +This is called after parsing an external entity. It's not called unless +an ExternEnt handler is also set. There is a default handler installed +that pairs with the default ExternEnt handler. +.PP +If you're going to install your own ExternEnt handler, then you should +set (or unset) this handler too. +.SS "Entity (Expat, Name, Val, Sysid, Pubid, Ndata, IsParam)" +.IX Subsection "Entity (Expat, Name, Val, Sysid, Pubid, Ndata, IsParam)" +This is called when an entity is declared. For internal entities, the Val +parameter will contain the value and the remaining three parameters will be +undefined. For external entities, the Val parameter will be undefined, the +Sysid parameter will have the system id, the Pubid parameter will have the +public id if it was provided (it will be undefined otherwise), the Ndata +parameter will contain the notation for unparsed entities. If this is a +parameter entity declaration, then the IsParam parameter is true. +.PP +Note that this handler and the Unparsed handler above overlap. If both are +set, then this handler will not be called for unparsed entities. +.SS "Element (Expat, Name, Model)" +.IX Subsection "Element (Expat, Name, Model)" +The element handler is called when an element declaration is found. Name +is the element name, and Model is the content model as an XML::Parser::Content +object. See \*(L"XML::Parser::ContentModel Methods\*(R" in XML::Parser::Expat +for methods available for this class. +.SS "Attlist (Expat, Elname, Attname, Type, Default, Fixed)" +.IX Subsection "Attlist (Expat, Elname, Attname, Type, Default, Fixed)" +This handler is called for each attribute in an \s-1ATTLIST\s0 declaration. +So an \s-1ATTLIST\s0 declaration that has multiple attributes will generate multiple +calls to this handler. The Elname parameter is the name of the element with +which the attribute is being associated. The Attname parameter is the name +of the attribute. Type is the attribute type, given as a string. Default is +the default value, which will either be \*(L"#REQUIRED\*(R", \*(L"#IMPLIED\*(R" or a quoted +string (i.e. the returned string will begin and end with a quote character). +If Fixed is true, then this is a fixed attribute. +.SS "Doctype (Expat, Name, Sysid, Pubid, Internal)" +.IX Subsection "Doctype (Expat, Name, Sysid, Pubid, Internal)" +This handler is called for \s-1DOCTYPE\s0 declarations. Name is the document type +name. Sysid is the system id of the document type, if it was provided, +otherwise it's undefined. Pubid is the public id of the document type, +which will be undefined if no public id was given. Internal is the internal +subset, given as a string. If there was no internal subset, it will be +undefined. Internal will contain all whitespace, comments, processing +instructions, and declarations seen in the internal subset. The declarations +will be there whether or not they have been processed by another handler +(except for unparsed entities processed by the Unparsed handler). However, +comments and processing instructions will not appear if they've been processed +by their respective handlers. +.SS "* DoctypeFin (Parser)" +.IX Subsection "* DoctypeFin (Parser)" +This handler is called after parsing of the \s-1DOCTYPE\s0 declaration has finished, +including any internal or external \s-1DTD\s0 declarations. +.SS "XMLDecl (Expat, Version, Encoding, Standalone)" +.IX Subsection "XMLDecl (Expat, Version, Encoding, Standalone)" +This handler is called for xml declarations. Version is a string containg +the version. Encoding is either undefined or contains an encoding string. +Standalone will be either true, false, or undefined if the standalone attribute +is yes, no, or not made respectively. +.SH "STYLES" +.IX Header "STYLES" +.SS "Debug" +.IX Subsection "Debug" +This just prints out the document in outline form. Nothing special is +returned by parse. +.SS "Subs" +.IX Subsection "Subs" +Each time an element starts, a sub by that name in the package specified +by the Pkg option is called with the same parameters that the Start +handler gets called with. +.PP +Each time an element ends, a sub with that name appended with an underscore +(\*(L"_\*(R"), is called with the same parameters that the End handler gets called +with. +.PP +Nothing special is returned by parse. +.SS "Tree" +.IX Subsection "Tree" +Parse will return a parse tree for the document. Each node in the tree +takes the form of a tag, content pair. Text nodes are represented with +a pseudo-tag of \*(L"0\*(R" and the string that is their content. For elements, +the content is an array reference. The first item in the array is a +(possibly empty) hash reference containing attributes. The remainder of +the array is a sequence of tag-content pairs representing the content +of the element. +.PP +So for example the result of parsing: +.PP +.Vb 1 +\& Hello thereHowdydo +.Ve +.PP +would be: +.PP +.Vb 7 +\& Tag Content +\& ================================================================== +\& [foo, [{}, head, [{id => "a"}, 0, "Hello ", em, [{}, 0, "there"]], +\& bar, [ {}, 0, "Howdy", ref, [{}]], +\& 0, "do" +\& ] +\& ] +.Ve +.PP +The root document \*(L"foo\*(R", has 3 children: a \*(L"head\*(R" element, a \*(L"bar\*(R" +element and the text \*(L"do\*(R". After the empty attribute hash, these are +represented in it's contents by 3 tag-content pairs. +.SS "Objects" +.IX Subsection "Objects" +This is similar to the Tree style, except that a hash object is created for +each element. The corresponding object will be in the class whose name +is created by appending \*(L"::\*(R" and the element name to the package set with +the Pkg option. Non-markup text will be in the ::Characters class. The +contents of the corresponding object will be in an anonymous array that +is the value of the Kids property for that object. +.SS "Stream" +.IX Subsection "Stream" +This style also uses the Pkg package. If none of the subs that this +style looks for is there, then the effect of parsing with this style is +to print a canonical copy of the document without comments or declarations. +All the subs receive as their 1st parameter the Expat instance for the +document they're parsing. +.PP +It looks for the following routines: +.IP "\(bu" 4 +StartDocument +.Sp +Called at the start of the parse . +.IP "\(bu" 4 +StartTag +.Sp +Called for every start tag with a second parameter of the element type. The \f(CW$_\fR +variable will contain a copy of the tag and the \f(CW%_\fR variable will contain +attribute values supplied for that element. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +EndTag +.Sp +Called for every end tag with a second parameter of the element type. The \f(CW$_\fR +variable will contain a copy of the end tag. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +Text +.Sp +Called just before start or end tags with accumulated non-markup text in +the \f(CW$_\fR variable. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +\&\s-1PI\s0 +.Sp +Called for processing instructions. The \f(CW$_\fR variable will contain a copy of +the \s-1PI\s0 and the target and data are sent as 2nd and 3rd parameters +respectively. +.IP "\(bu" 4 +EndDocument +.Sp +Called at conclusion of the parse. +.SH "ENCODINGS" +.IX Header "ENCODINGS" +\&\s-1XML\s0 documents may be encoded in character sets other than Unicode as +long as they may be mapped into the Unicode character set. Expat has +further restrictions on encodings. Read the xmlparse.h header file in +the expat distribution to see details on these restrictions. +.PP +Expat has built-in encodings for: \f(CW\*(C`UTF\-8\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ISO\-8859\-1\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`UTF\-16\*(C'\fR, and +\&\f(CW\*(C`US\-ASCII\*(C'\fR. Encodings are set either through the \s-1XML\s0 declaration +encoding attribute or through the ProtocolEncoding option to XML::Parser +or XML::Parser::Expat. +.PP +For encodings other than the built-ins, expat calls the function +load_encoding in the Expat package with the encoding name. This function +looks for a file in the path list \f(CW@XML::Parser::Expat::Encoding_Path\fR, that +matches the lower-cased name with a '.enc' extension. The first one it +finds, it loads. +.PP +If you wish to build your own encoding maps, check out the XML::Encoding +module from \s-1CPAN\s0. +.SH "AUTHORS" +.IX Header "AUTHORS" +Larry Wall <\fIlarry@wall.org\fR> wrote version 1.0. +.PP +Clark Cooper <\fIcoopercc@netheaven.com\fR> picked up support, changed the \s-1API\s0 +for this version (2.x), provided documentation, +and added some standard package features. +.PP +Matt Sergeant <\fImatt@sergeant.org\fR> is now maintaining XML::Parser