+=head1 NAME
+
+Catalyst::Upgrading - Instructions for upgrading to the latest Catalyst
+
+=head1 Upgrading to Catalyst 5.90
+
+The major change is that L<Plack> now replaces most of the subclasses of
+L<Catalyst::Engine>. If you are using one of the standard subclasses of
+L<Catalyst::Engine> this should be a straightforward upgrade for you. It was
+a design goal for this release to be as backwardly compatible as possible.
+However since L<Plack> is different from L<Catalyst::Engine> it would be
+possible that edge case differences would exist. Therefore we recommend care
+be taken with this upgrade and that testing should be greater than would be
+the case with a minor point update.
+
+It is highly recommended that you become familar with the L<Plack> ecosystem
+and documentation. Being able to take advantage of L<Plack> development and
+middleware is a major bonus to this upgrade.
+
+If you have created a custom subclass of L<Catalyst:Engine> you will need to
+convert it to be a subclass of L<Plack::Handler>.
+
+If you are using the L<Plack> engine, L<Catalyst::Engine::PSGI>, this new
+release supercedes that code.
+
+If you are using a subclass of L<Catalyst::Engine> that is aimed at nonstandard
+or internal / testing uses, such as L<Catalyst::Engine::Embeddable> you should
+still be able to continue using that engine.
+
+Advice for specific subclasses of L<Catalyst::Engine> follows:
+
+=head2 Upgrading the FastCGI Engine
+
+No upgrade needed if your myapp_fastcgi.pl script is already upgraded
+enough to use L<Catalyst::Script::FastCGI>.
+
+=head2 Upgrading the mod_perl / Apache Engines
+
+The engines that are build upon the various iterations of mod_perl,
+L<Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13> and
+L<Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20> should be seemless upgrades and will
+work using using L<Plack::Handler::Apache1> or L<Plack::Handler::Apache2>
+as required.
+
+L<Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19>, is however no longer supported, as Plack
+does not support mod_perl version 1.99??? FIXME - is this true?
+
+=head2 Upgrading the HTTP Engine
+
+The default development server that comes with the L<Catalyst> distribution
+should continue to work as expected with no changes as long as your C<myapp_server>
+script is upgraded to use L<Catalyst::Script::HTTP>.
+
+=head2 Upgrading the CGI Engine
+
+If you were using L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI> there is no upgrade needed if your
+myapp_cgi.pl script is already upgraded enough to use L<Catalyst::Script::CGI>.
+
+=head2 Upgrading the Preforking Engine
+
+If you were using L<Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::Prefork> then L<Starman>
+is automatically loaded.
+
+XXX FIXME - note how to run Starman with different options.
+
+=head2 Upgrading the PSGI Engine
+
+If you were using L<Catalyst::Engine::PSGI> this new release supercedes this
+engine in supporting L<Plack>. By default the Engine is now always L<Plack>.
+As a result, you can stop depending on L<Catalyst::Engine::PSGI> in your
+C<Makefile.PL>.
+
+Applications that were using L<Catalyst::Engine::PSGI>
+previously should entirely continue to work in this release with no changes.
+
+However, if you have an C<app.psgi> script, then you no longer
+need to specify the PSGI engine. Instead, the L<Catalyst> application class
+now has a new method C<psgi_app> which returns a L<PSGI> compatible coderef
+which you can wrap in middleware of your choice.
+
+Catalyst will use the .psgi for your application if it is located in the C<home>
+directory of the application
+
+For example, if you were using L<Catalyst::Engine::PSGI> in the past, you will
+have written (or generated) a C<script/myapp.psgi> file similar to this one:
+
+ use Plack::Builder;
+ use MyCatalytApp;
+
+ MyCatalystApp->setup_engine('PSGI');
+
+ builder {
+ enable ... # enable your desired middleware
+ sub { MyCatalystApp->run(@_) };
+ };
+
+Instead, you now say:
+
+ use Plack::Builder;
+ use MyCatalystApp;
+
+ builder {
+ enable ... #enable your desired middleware
+ MyCatalystApp->psgi_app;
+ };
+
+And also rename C<< script/myapp.psgi >> to C<< myapp.psgi >>.
+
+XXX - FIXME - t/psgi_file_testapp_engine_psgi_compat.t
+
+If you rename your .psgi file without these modifications, then any tests run via
+L<Catalyst::Test> will not be compatible with the new release, and will result in
+the development server starting, rather than the expected test running.
+
+=head2 Engines which are known broken
+
+The following engines B<DO NOT> work as of Catalyst version 5.90. The core
+team is extremely happy to work with the developers and/or users of these
+engines to help them port to the new Plack/Engine system, however applications
+which are currently using these engines B<WILL NOT> run without modification
+to the engine code.
+
+=over
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::Wx
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::Zeus
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::JobQueue::POE
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::XMPP2
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::SCGI
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Engines with unknown status
+
+The following engines have untested or unknown compatibility. Reports are
+highly welcomed:
+
+=over
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::Mojo
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::Server (Marked as Deprecated)
+
+=item Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE (Marked as Deprecated)
+
+=back
+
+=head2 Using middleware
+
+XXX Should this be here or elsewhere?
+
+=head2 Making an app.psgi file
+
+=head2 Running with plackup?
+
=head1 Upgrading to Catalyst 5.80
Most applications and plugins should run unaltered on Catalyst 5.80.
-However as a lot of refactoring work has taken place, and several changes have
+However, a lot of refactoring work has taken place, and several changes have
been made which could cause incompatibilities. If your application or plugin
-is using deprecated code, or relying on side-effects, then you could have
+is using deprecated code, or relying on side effects, then you could have
issues upgrading to this release.
-Most issues found with pre-existing components have been easy to solve, and a
-complete description of behaviour changes which may cause compatibility issues,
-or warnings which are now emitted is included below to help if you have problems.
+Most issues found with pre-existing components have been easy to
+solve. This document provides a complete description of behavior changes
+which may cause compatibility issues, and of new Catalyst warnings which
+be unclear.
+
+If you think you have found an upgrade-related issue which is not covered in
+this document, please email the Catalyst list to discuss the problem.
+
+=head1 Moose features
+
+=head2 Application class roles
+
+You can only apply method modifiers after the application's C<< ->setup >>
+method has been called. This means that modifiers will not work with methods
+which run during the call to C<< ->setup >>.
-If you think you have found an upgrade related issue which is not covered in
-this document, then please email the Catalyst list to discuss the problem.
+See L<Catalyst::Manual::ExtendingCatalyst> for more information about using
+L<Moose> in your applications.
-=head1 Known backwards compatibility breakages.
+=head2 Controller actions in Moose roles
+
+You can use L<MooseX::MethodAttributes::Role> if you want to declare actions
+inside Moose roles.
+
+=head2 Using Moose in Components
+
+The correct way to use Moose in a component in a both forward and backwards
+compatible way is:
+
+ package TestApp::Controller::Root;
+ use Moose;
+ BEGIN { extends 'Catalyst::Component' }; # Or ::Controller, or whatever
+
+See L<Components which inherit from Moose::Object before Catalyst::Component>.
+
+=head1 Known backwards compatibility breakages
+
+=head2 Applications in a single file
+
+Applications must be in their own file, and loaded at compile time. This
+issue generally only affects the tests of CPAN distributions. Your
+application will fail if you try to define an application inline in a
+block, and use plugins which supply a C< new > method, then use that
+application latter in tests within the same file.
+
+This is due to the fact that Catalyst is inlining a new method on your
+application class allowing it to be compatible with Moose. The method
+used to do this changed in 5.80004 to avoid the possibility of reporting
+an 'Unknown Error' if your application failed to compile.
+
+=head2 Issues with Class::C3
+
+Catalyst 5.80 uses the L<Algorithm::C3> method dispatch order. This is
+built into Perl 5.10, and comes via L<Class::C3> for Perl 5.8. This
+replaces L<NEXT> with L<Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT>, forcing all components
+to resolve methods using C3, rather than the unpredictable dispatch
+order of L<NEXT>.
+
+This issue is characterised by your application failing to start due to an
+error message about having a non-linear @ISA.
+
+The Catalyst plugin most often causing this is
+L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session::Store::FastMmap> - if you are using this
+plugin and see issues, then please upgrade your plugins, as it has been
+fixed. Note that Makefile.PL in the distribution will warn about known
+incompatible components.
+
+This issue can, however, be found in your own application - the only solution is
+to go through each base class of the class the error was reported against, until
+you identify the ones in conflict, and resolve them.
+
+To be able to generate a linear @ISA, the list of superclasses for each
+class must be resolvable using the C3 algorithm. Unfortunately, when
+superclasses are being used as mixins (to add functionality used in your class),
+and with multiple inheritence, it is easy to get this wrong.
+
+Most common is the case of:
+
+ package Component1; # Note, this is the common case
+ use base qw/Class::Accessor::Fast Class::Data::Inheritable/;
+
+ package Component2; # Accidentally saying it this way causes a failure
+ use base qw/Class::Data::Inheritable Class::Accessor::Fast/;
+
+ package GoesBang;
+ use base qw/Component1 Component2/;
+
+Any situation like this will cause your application to fail to start.
+
+For additional documentation about this issue, and how to resolve it, see
+L<Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT>.
=head2 Components which inherit from Moose::Object before Catalyst::Component
use Moose;
extends qw/Moose::Object Catalyst::Component/;
-to use the constructor provided by Moose, whilst working (if you do some hacks
+to use the constructor provided by Moose, while working (if you do some hacks
with the C< BUILDARGS > method), will not work with Catalyst 5.80 as
C<Catalyst::Component> inherits from C<Moose::Object>, and so C< @ISA > fails
-to linearise.
+to linearize.
+
+The correct way to use Moose in a component in a both forward and backwards
+compatible way is:
+
+ package TestApp::Controller::Root;
+ use Moose;
+ BEGIN { extends 'Catalyst::Component' }; # Or ::Controller, or whatever
-The fix for this is to not inherit directly from C<Moose::Object>
+Note that the C< extends > declaration needs to occur in a begin block for
+L<attributes> to operate correctly.
+
+This way you do not inherit directly from C<Moose::Object>
yourself. Having components which do not inherit their constructor from
C<Catalyst::Component> is B<unsupported>, and has never been recommended,
therefore you're on your own if you're using this technique. You'll need
-to detect the version of Catalyst your application is running with and deal
+to detect the version of Catalyst your application is running, and deal
with it appropriately.
+You also don't get the L<Moose::Object> constructor, and therefore attribute
+initialization will not work as normally expected. If you want to use Moose
+attributes, then they need to be made lazy to correctly initialize.
+
+Note that this only applies if your component needs to maintain component
+backwards compatibility for Catalyst versions before 5.71001 - in 5.71001
+attributes work as expected, and the BUILD method is called normally
+(although BUILDARGS is not).
+
+If you depend on Catalyst 5.8, then B<all> Moose features work as expected.
+
You will also see this issue if you do the following:
package TestApp::Controller::Example;
as C< use base > appends to @ISA.
-The correct way to use Moose in a component in a both forward and backwards
-compatible way is:
-
- package TestApp::Controller::Root;
- use Moose;
- BEGIN { extends 'Catalyst::Component' }; # Or ::Controller, or whatever
-
-Note that the C< extends > declaration needs to occur in a begin block for
-L<attributes> to operate correctly. You also don't get the L<Moose::Object>
-constructor, and therefore attribute initialization will not work as normally
-expected. If you want to use Moose attributes, then they need to be made lazy
-to correctly initialize.
-
=head3 use Moose in MyApp
Similar to the above, this will also fail:
__PACKAGE__->setup;
If you need to use Moose in your application class (e.g. for method modifiers
-etc) then the correct technique is:
+etc.) then the correct technique is:
package MyApp;
use Moose;
+ use Catalyst;
+
extends 'Catalyst';
+
+ __PACKAGE__->config( name => 'MyApp' );
__PACKAGE__->setup(qw/
ConfigLoader
/);
my $full_method_name = join('::',$package_name, $method_name);
*$full_method_name = subname $full_method_name, sub { ... };
-Additionally, you can take advantage of Catalysts use of L<Class::MOP> and
+Additionally, you can take advantage of Catalyst's use of L<Class::MOP> and
install the closure using the appropriate metaclass. Example:
use Class::MOP;
=head2 Hooking into application setup
-To execute code during application startup the following snippet in MyApp.pm
+To execute code during application start-up, the following snippet in MyApp.pm
used to work:
sub setup {
... # things to do after the actual setup
}
-With Catalyst 5.80 this won't work anymore. Due to the fact that Catalyst is
-no longer using NEXT.pm for method resolution, this no longer works. The
-functionality was only ever originally operational as L<NEXT> remembers what
-methods have already been called, and will not call them again.
+With Catalyst 5.80 this won't work anymore, because Catalyst no longer
+uses NEXT.pm for method resolution. The functionality was only ever
+originally operational as L<NEXT> remembers what methods have already
+been called, and will not call them again.
Using this now causes infinite recursion between MyApp::setup and
Catalyst::setup, due to other backwards compatibility issues related to how
-plugin setup works. Moose method modifiers like C<< before|after|around 'setup
+plugin setup works. Moose method modifiers like C<< before|after|around setup
=> sub { ... }; >> also will not operate correctly on the setup method.
The right way to do it is this:
... # things to do after the actual setup
};
-The setup_finalize hook was introduced as a way to void this issue.
+The setup_finalize hook was introduced as a way to avoid this issue.
=head2 Components with a new method which returns false
Previously, if you had a component which inherited from Catalyst::COMPONENT,
-but overrode the new method to return false, then your class' configuration
+but overrode the new method to return false, then your class's configuration
would be blessed into a hash on your behalf, and this would be returned from
the COMPONENT method.
-This behaviour makes no sense, and so has been removed. Implementing your own
-C< new > method in components is B<highly> discouraged, instead, you should
-inherit the new method from Catalyst::Component, and use Mooses BUILD
+This behavior makes no sense, and so has been removed. Implementing your own
+C< new > method in components is B<highly> discouraged. Instead, you should
+inherit the new method from Catalyst::Component, and use Moose's BUILD
functionality and/or Moose attributes to perform any construction work
necessary for your class.
Previously, writing to a class data accessor would copy the accessor method
down into your package.
-This behaviour has been removed. Whilst the class data is still stored
+This behavior has been removed. While the class data is still stored
per-class, it is stored on the metaclass of the class defining the accessor.
-Therefore anything relying on the side-effect of the accessor being copied down
+Therefore anything relying on the side effect of the accessor being copied down
will be broken.
The following test demonstrates the problem:
BaseClass->foo('base class');
Child->foo('sub class');
-
+
use Test::More;
isnt(BaseClass->can('foo'), Child->can('foo'));
-=head2 Extending Catalyst::Request or other classes in an ad-hoc manor using mk_accessors
+=head2 Extending Catalyst::Request or other classes in an ad-hoc manner using mk_accessors
Previously, it was possible to add additional accessors to Catalyst::Request
(or other classes) by calling the mk_accessors class method.
-This is no longer supported - users should make a sub-class of the class whose
-behaviour they would like to change, rather than globally polluting the
+This is no longer supported - users should make a subclass of the class whose
+behavior they would like to change, rather than globally polluting the
Catalyst objects.
=head2 Confused multiple inheritance with Catalyst::Component::COMPONENT
-Previously, Catalyst's COMPONENT method would delegate to the method on the
-right hand side, which could then delegate back again with NEXT. This (as it
-is insane AND makes no sense with C3 method dispatch order), and is therefore
-no longer supported.
+Previously, Catalyst's COMPONENT method would delegate to the method on
+the right hand side, which could then delegate back again with
+NEXT. This is poor practice, and in addition, makes no sense with C3
+method dispatch order, and is therefore no longer supported.
If a COMPONENT method is detected in the inheritance hierarchy to the right
hand side of Catalyst::Component::COMPONENT, then the following warning
There is a COMPONENT method resolving after Catalyst::Component
in ${next_package}.
-The correct fix is to re-arrange your class' inheritance hierarchy so that the
+The correct fix is to re-arrange your class's inheritance hierarchy so that the
COMPONENT method you would like to inherit is the first (left-hand most)
COMPONENT method in your @ISA.
=head1 WARNINGS
+=head2 Actions in your application class
+
+Having actions in your application class will now emit a warning at application
+startup as this is deprecated. It is highly recommended that these actions are moved
+into a MyApp::Controller::Root (as demonstrated by the scaffold application
+generated by catalyst.pl).
+
+This warning, also affects tests. You should move actions in your test,
+creating a myTest::Controller::Root, like the following example:
+
+ package MyTest::Controller::Root;
+
+ use strict;
+ use warnings;
+
+ use parent 'Catalyst::Controller';
+
+ __PACKAGE__->config(namespace => '');
+
+ sub action : Local {
+ my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
+ $c->do_something;
+ }
+
+ 1;
+
+=head2 ::[MVC]:: naming scheme
+
+Having packages called MyApp::[MVC]::XX is deprecated and can no longer be generated
+by catalyst.pl
+
+This is still supported, but it is recommended that you rename your application
+components to Model/View/Controller.
+
+A warning will be issued at application startup if the ::[MVC]:: naming scheme is
+in use.
+
+=head2 Catalyst::Base
+
+Any code using L<Catalyst::Base> will now emit a warning; this
+module will be removed in a future release.
+
=head2 Methods in Catalyst::Dispatcher
-The following methods in Catalyst::Dispatcher are both an implementation
-detail, which may change in the 5.8X release series, and therefore their use
+The following methods in Catalyst::Dispatcher are implementation
+details, which may change in the 5.8X release series, and therefore their use
is highly deprecated.
=over
You should B<NEVER> be calling any of these methods from application code.
-Plugins authors and maintainers whose plugins currently call these methods
+Plugin authors and maintainers whose plugins currently call these methods
should change to using the public API, or, if you do not feel the public API
-adequately supports your use-case, please email the development list to
+adequately supports your use case, please email the development list to
discuss what API features you need so that you can be appropriately supported.
-=head2 Class naming to packages defined does not correspond.
+=head2 Class files with names that don't correspond to the packages they define
In this version of Catalyst, if a component is loaded from disk, but no
symbols are defined in that component's name space after it is loaded, this
require $class was successful but the package is not defined.
-This is to protect against confusing bugs caused by mis-typing package names,
+This is to protect against confusing bugs caused by mistyping package names,
and will become a fatal error in a future version.
Please note that 'inner packages' (via L<Devel::InnerPackage>) are still fully
-supported, this warning is only issued when component file naming does not map
+supported; this warning is only issued when component file naming does not map
to B<any> of the packages defined within that component.
=head2 $c->plugin method
-Calling the plugin method is deprecated, and calling it at runtime is B<highly
+Calling the plugin method is deprecated, and calling it at run time is B<highly
deprecated>.
-Instead you are recommended to use L< Catalyst::Model::Adaptor > or similar to
+Instead you are recommended to use L<Catalyst::Model::Adaptor> or similar to
compose the functionality you need outside of the main application name space.
Calling the plugin method will not be supported past Catalyst 5.81.
projects / catagits/Catalyst-Runtime.git / blobdiff