--- /dev/null
+package Catalyst::Exception::Basic;
+
+use Moose::Role;
+use Carp;
+use namespace::clean -except => 'meta';
+
+with 'Catalyst::Exception::Interface';
+
+has message => (
+ is => 'ro',
+ isa => 'Str',
+ default => sub { $! || '' },
+);
+
+use overload
+ q{""} => \&as_string,
+ fallback => 1;
+
+sub as_string {
+ my ($self) = @_;
+ return $self->message;
+}
+
+around BUILDARGS => sub {
+ my ($next, $class, @args) = @_;
+ if (@args == 1 && !ref $args[0]) {
+ @args = (message => $args[0]);
+ }
+
+ my $args = $class->$next(@args);
+ $args->{message} ||= $args->{error}
+ if exists $args->{error};
+
+ return $args;
+};
+
+sub throw {
+ my $class = shift;
+ my $error = $class->new(@_);
+ local $Carp::CarpLevel = 1;
+ croak $error;
+}
+
+sub rethrow {
+ my ($self) = @_;
+ croak $self;
+}
+
+1;