package Catalyst; use Class::C3; use Moose; extends 'Catalyst::Component'; use bytes; use Catalyst::Exception; use Catalyst::Log; use Catalyst::Request; use Catalyst::Request::Upload; use Catalyst::Response; use Catalyst::Utils; use Catalyst::Controller; use Devel::InnerPackage (); use File::stat; use Module::Pluggable::Object (); use Text::SimpleTable (); use Path::Class::Dir (); use Path::Class::File (); use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/; use URI (); use URI::http; use URI::https; use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/; use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/; use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID; use attributes; use utf8; use Carp qw/croak carp/; BEGIN { require 5.008001; } has stack => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] }); has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} }); has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0); has stats => (is => 'rw'); has action => (is => 'rw'); has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} }); has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1); has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1); has namespace => (is => 'rw'); no Moose; attributes->import( __PACKAGE__, \&namespace, 'lvalue' ); sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; } sub comp { shift->component(@_) } sub req { # carp "the use of req() is deprecated in favour of request()"; my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_); } sub res { # carp "the use of res() is deprecated in favour of response()"; my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_); } # For backwards compatibility sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) }; # For statistics our $COUNT = 1; our $START = time; our $RECURSION = 1000; our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n"; #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any. #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default? __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_) for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class setup_finished/; __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher'); __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI'); __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request'); __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response'); __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats'); # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well! our $VERSION = '5.7013'; sub import { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every # callers @ISA. return unless $class eq 'Catalyst'; my $caller = caller(0); #why does called have to ISA Catalyst and ISA Controller ? #Convert test suite to not use the behavior where Myapp ISA Controller # after that is done we can eliminate that little mess. unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) { no strict 'refs'; if( $caller->can('meta') ){ my @superclasses = ($caller->meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller'); #my @superclasses = ($caller->meta->superclasses, $class); $caller->meta->superclasses(@superclasses); } else { push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller'; #push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class; } } $caller->arguments( [@arguments] ); $caller->setup_home; } =head1 NAME Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework =head1 SYNOPSIS See the L distribution for comprehensive documentation and tutorials. # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools # use the helper to create a new application catalyst.pl MyApp # add models, views, controllers script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT script/myapp_create.pl controller Search # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes # --help to see all available options script/myapp_server.pl # command line testing interface script/myapp_test.pl /yada ### in lib/MyApp.pm use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated) sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc. my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT $c->stash->{data} = $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } ); if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action # do something else after forward returns } } # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database [% WHILE (item = data.next) %] [% item.foo %] [% END %] # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc. sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... } # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards sub auto : Private { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end() } return 1; # success; carry on to next action } # called after all actions are finished sub end : Private { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors return if $c->res->body; # already have a response $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template } ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm # called for /foo/bar sub bar : Local { ... } # called for /blargle sub blargle : Global { ... } # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc. sub index : Private { ... } ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm # called for /foo/bar/baz sub baz : Local { ... } # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this sub auto : Private { ... } # powerful regular expression paths are also possible sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; # extract the (\w+) from the URI my $product = $c->req->captures->[0]; } See L for additional information. =head1 DESCRIPTION Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you start with L or L. See L for more documentation. Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use Catalyst" statement. Omit the C prefix from the plugin name, i.e., C becomes C. use Catalyst qw/My::Module/; If your plugin starts with a name other than C, you can fully qualify the name by using a unary plus: use Catalyst qw/ My::Module +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name /; Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as arguments when Catalyst is loaded: use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/; The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because they are loaded in the order in which they appear. The following flags are supported: =head2 -Debug Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or _DEBUG. The environment settings override the application, with _DEBUG having the highest priority. =head2 -Engine Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the C prefix of the engine name, i.e.: use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/; =head2 -Home Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.: use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst]; This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the C environment variable or C; where C is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used. =head2 -Log Specifies log level. =head2 -Stats Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or _STATS. The environment settings override the application, with _STATS having the highest priority. e.g. use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/ =head1 METHODS =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST =head2 $c->action Returns a L object for the current action, which stringifies to the action name. See L. =head2 $c->namespace Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example: # in Controller::Foo::Bar $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar'; =head2 $c->request =head2 $c->req Returns the current L object, giving access to information about the current client request (including parameters, cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L. =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] ) Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a class name but no method, C is called. You may also optionally pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function, C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values. Any data Ced from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the call to forward. my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo'); $c->forward('index'); $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/); $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT'); Note that forward implies an C<> around the call (actually C does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C to propagate you need to do something like: $c->forward('foo'); die $c->error if $c->error; Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write your code like this: $c->forward('foo') || return; =cut sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->detach() The same as C, but doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished. When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely. =cut sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->response =head2 $c->res Returns the current L object, see there for details. =head2 $c->stash Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see L for a complete system integrated with Catalyst). $c->stash->{foo} = $bar; $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } ); $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); =cut sub stash { my $c = shift; if (@_) { my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0]; croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash; foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) { #shouldn't we hold this in a var and save ourselves the subcall? $c->next::method->{$key} = $stash->{$key}; } } return $c->next::method; } =head2 $c->error =head2 $c->error($error, ...) =head2 $c->error($arrayref) Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This method should only be used to store fatal error messages. my @error = @{ $c->error }; Add a new error. $c->error('Something bad happened'); =cut sub error { my $c = shift; if ( $_[0] ) { my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_]; croak @$error unless ref $c; push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error; } elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef } return $c->{error} || []; } =head2 $c->state Contains the return value of the last executed action. =head2 $c->clear_errors Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are implementing a custom error screen. This is equivalent to running $c->error(0); =cut sub clear_errors { my $c = shift; $c->error(0); } # search via regex sub _comp_search { my ( $c, @names ) = @_; foreach my $name (@names) { foreach my $component ( keys %{ $c->components } ) { return $c->components->{$component} if $component =~ /$name/i; } } return undef; } # try explicit component names sub _comp_explicit { my ( $c, @names ) = @_; foreach my $try (@names) { return $c->components->{$try} if ( exists $c->components->{$try} ); } return undef; } # like component, but try just these prefixes before regex searching, # and do not try to return "sort keys %{ $c->components }" sub _comp_prefixes { my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_; my $appclass = ref $c || $c; my @names = map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } @prefixes; my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names); return $comp if defined($comp); $comp = $c->_comp_search($name); return $comp; } # Find possible names for a prefix sub _comp_names { my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_; my $appclass = ref $c || $c; my @pre = map { "${appclass}::${_}::" } @prefixes; my @names; COMPONENT: foreach my $comp ($c->component) { foreach my $p (@pre) { if ($comp =~ s/^$p//) { push(@names, $comp); next COMPONENT; } } } return @names; } # Return a component if only one matches. sub _comp_singular { my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_; my $appclass = ref $c || $c; my ( $comp, $rest ) = map { $c->_comp_search("^${appclass}::${_}::") } @prefixes; return $comp unless $rest; } # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available sub _filter_component { my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_; if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) { return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args ); } else { return $comp } } =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS =head2 $c->controller($name) Gets a L instance by name. $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff; If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched action. =cut sub controller { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ ), @args ) if ($name); return $c->component( $c->action->class ); } =head2 $c->model($name) Gets a L instance by name. $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff; Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT. If the name is omitted, it will look for - a model object in $c->stash{current_model_instance}, then - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then - a config setting 'default_model', or - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case. =cut sub model { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ ), @args ) if $name; if (ref $c) { return $c->stash->{current_model_instance} if $c->stash->{current_model_instance}; return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} ) if $c->stash->{current_model}; } return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} ) if $c->config->{default_model}; return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/Model M/) ); } =head2 $c->controllers Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller =cut sub controllers { my ( $c ) = @_; return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/); } =head2 $c->view($name) Gets a L instance by name. $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff; Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT. If the name is omitted, it will look for - a view object in $c->stash{current_view_instance}, then - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then - a config setting 'default_view', or - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case. =cut sub view { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ ), @args ) if $name; if (ref $c) { return $c->stash->{current_view_instance} if $c->stash->{current_view_instance}; return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} ) if $c->stash->{current_view}; } return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} ) if $c->config->{default_view}; return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/View V/) ); } =head2 $c->models Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model =cut sub models { my ( $c ) = @_; return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/); } =head2 $c->views Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view =cut sub views { my ( $c ) = @_; return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/); } =head2 $c->comp($name) =head2 $c->component($name) Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended, unless you want to get a specific component by full class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >> should be used instead. =cut sub component { my $c = shift; if (@_) { my $name = shift; my $appclass = ref $c || $c; my @names = ( $name, "${appclass}::${name}", map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } qw/Model M Controller C View V/ ); my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names); return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp); $comp = $c->_comp_search($name); return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp); } return sort keys %{ $c->components }; } =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES =head2 $c->config Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration. __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } ); You can also use a C, C or C config file like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See L. --- db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db =cut sub config { my $c = shift; $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.") if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished ); $c->next::method(@_); } =head2 $c->log Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst sets this up with a L object. To use your own log class, set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>. __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ); __PACKAGE__->setup; And later: $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' ); Your log class should implement the methods described in L. =head2 $c->debug Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option). Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1). =cut sub debug { 0 } =head2 $c->dispatcher Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See L. =head2 $c->engine Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See L. =head2 UTILITY METHODS =head2 $c->path_to(@path) Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a L object. For example: $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' ); =cut sub path_to { my ( $c, @path ) = @_; my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ); if ( -d $path ) { return $path } else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) } } =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args ) Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and loads and instantiates the given class. MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' ); $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions; =cut sub plugin { my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_; $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 ); eval { $plugin->import }; $class->mk_classdata($name); my $obj; eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) }; if ($@) { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ ); } $class->$name($obj); $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/) if $class->debug; } =head2 MyApp->setup Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C line. MyApp->setup; MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ ); =cut sub setup { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.") if ( $class->setup_finished ); unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ ); } if ( $class->arguments ) { @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } ); } # Process options my $flags = {}; foreach (@arguments) { if (/^-Debug$/) { $flags->{log} = ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug'; } elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) { $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2; } else { push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_; } } $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} ); $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} ); $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} ); $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} ); $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} ); $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} ); for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) { if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) { &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} ); } else { $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/); } } eval { require Catalyst::Devel; }; if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) { $class->log->warn(<<"EOF"); You are running an old script! Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files): catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class or (this will not overwrite existing files): catalyst.pl -scripts $class EOF } if ( $class->debug ) { my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins; if (@plugins) { my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74); $t->row($_) for @plugins; $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" ); } my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher; my $engine = $class->engine; my $home = $class->config->{home}; $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/); $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/); $home ? ( -d $home ) ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/) : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/) : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/); } # Call plugins setup { no warnings qw/redefine/; local *setup = sub { }; $class->setup; } # Initialize our data structure $class->components( {} ); $class->setup_components; if ( $class->debug ) { my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] ); for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) { my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class'; $t->row( $comp, $type ); } $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" ) if ( keys %{ $class->components } ); } # Add our self to components, since we are also a component $class->components->{$class} = $class; $class->setup_actions; if ( $class->debug ) { my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application'; $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION"); } $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush'); $class->setup_finished(1); } =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? ) Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path. If the last argument to C is a hash reference, it is assumed to contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI in standard fashion. Note that uri_for is destructive to the passed hashref. Subsequent calls with the same hashref may have unintended results. Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object which will be resolved to a path using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed to C. =cut sub uri_for { my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_; if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? shift(@args) : [] ); $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures); return undef unless defined($path); $path = '/' if $path eq ''; } undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq ''); my $params = ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} ); carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args; s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args; unshift(@args, $path); unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip my $namespace = $c->namespace; if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo' $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{}; } unshift(@args, $namespace || ''); } # join args with '/', or a blank string my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args); $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE $args =~ s!^/!!; my $base = $c->req->base; my $class = ref($base); $base =~ s{(?{$_}; $val = '' unless defined $val; (map { $_ = "$_"; utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_); # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go; s/ /+/g; "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val )); } @keys); } my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class); $res; } =head2 $c->welcome_message Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page. =cut sub welcome_message { my $c = shift; my $name = $c->config->{name}; my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png'); my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c ); $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8'); return <<"EOF"; $name on Catalyst $VERSION

$name on Catalyst $VERSION

Catalyst Logo

Welcome to the world of Catalyst. This MVC framework will make web development something you had never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.

What to do now?

That really depends on what you want to do. We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.

If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst you might want want to start with a tutorial.

perldoc Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial

Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.

perldoc Catalyst::Manual::Intro

What to do next?

Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the helper scripts to generate controllers, models, and views; they can save you a lot of work.

script/${prefix}_create.pl -help

Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing collection of plugins for Catalyst on CPAN; you are likely to find what you need there.

Need help?

Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to get in touch with us.

In conclusion

The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas for improvement or other feedback.

EOF } =head1 INTERNAL METHODS These methods are not meant to be used by end users. =head2 $c->components Returns a hash of components. =head2 $c->context_class Returns or sets the context class. =head2 $c->counter Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for deep recursion detection). =head2 $c->depth Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack. =head2 $c->dispatch Dispatches a request to actions. =cut sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->dispatcher_class Returns or sets the dispatcher class. =head2 $c->dump_these Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode. =cut sub dump_these { my $c = shift; [ Request => $c->req ], [ Response => $c->res ], [ Stash => $c->stash ], [ Config => $c->config ]; } =head2 $c->engine_class Returns or sets the engine class. =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef ) Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available via $c->error. =cut sub execute { my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_; $class = $c->component($class) || $class; $c->state(0); if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) { my $action = $code->reverse(); $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/; my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/; $c->log->error($error); $c->error($error); $c->state(0); return $c->state; } my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats; push( @{ $c->stack }, $code ); eval { $c->state( $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) }; $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info; my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } ); if ( my $error = $@ ) { if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 } else { unless ( ref $error ) { no warnings 'uninitialized'; chomp $error; my $class = $last->class; my $name = $last->name; $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/; } $c->error($error); $c->state(0); } } return $c->state; } sub _stats_start_execute { my ( $c, $code ) = @_; return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ ) && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) ); my $action_name = $code->reverse(); $c->counter->{$action_name}++; my $action = $action_name; $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/; # determine if the call was the result of a forward # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval my $callsub = q{}; for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) { last if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst' && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' ); if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) { $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3]; $action = "-> $action"; last; } } my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name}; # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call? if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) { # forward, locate the caller if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) { $c->stats->profile( begin => $action, parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"}, uid => $uid, ); } else { # forward with no caller may come from a plugin $c->stats->profile( begin => $action, uid => $uid, ); } } else { # root-level call $c->stats->profile( begin => $action, uid => $uid, ); } return $action; } sub _stats_finish_execute { my ( $c, $info ) = @_; $c->stats->profile( end => $info ); } =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys ); =cut #Why does this exist? This is no longer safe and WILL NOT WORK. # it doesnt seem to be used anywhere. can we remove it? sub _localize_fields { my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ ); my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {}; my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {}; local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized; local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request; local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response; $code->(); } =head2 $c->finalize Finalizes the request. =cut sub finalize { my $c = shift; for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) { $c->log->error($error); } # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE) my $engine = $c->engine; if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) { $engine->$code($c); } else { $c->finalize_uploads; # Error if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) { $c->finalize_error; } $c->finalize_headers; # HEAD request if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) { $c->response->body(''); } $c->finalize_body; } if ($c->use_stats) { my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed; my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed; $c->log->info( "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" ); } return $c->response->status; } =head2 $c->finalize_body Finalizes body. =cut sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_cookies Finalizes cookies. =cut sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_error Finalizes error. =cut sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_headers Finalizes headers. =cut sub finalize_headers { my $c = shift; my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up? # Check if we already finalized headers return if $response->finalized_headers; # Handle redirects if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) { $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug; $response->header( Location => $location ); #Moose TODO: we should probably be using a predicate method here ? if ( !$response->body ) { # Add a default body if none is already present $response->body( qq{

This item has moved here.

} ); } } # Content-Length if ( $response->body && !$response->content_length ) { # get the length from a filehandle if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') ) { my $stat = stat $response->body; if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) { $response->content_length( $stat->size ); } else { $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length'); } } else { # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case $response->content_length( bytes::length( $response->body ) ); } } # Errors if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) { $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length"); $response->body(''); } $c->finalize_cookies; $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ ); # Done $response->finalized_headers(1); } =head2 $c->finalize_output An alias for finalize_body. =head2 $c->finalize_read Finalizes the input after reading is complete. =cut sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_uploads Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files. =cut sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace ) Gets an action in a given namespace. =cut sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) } =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace ) Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent namespaces. =cut sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments ) Called to handle each HTTP request. =cut sub handle_request { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; # Always expect worst case! my $status = -1; eval { if ($class->debug) { my $secs = time - $START || 1; my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs; my $time = localtime time; $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***"); } my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments); $c->dispatch; $status = $c->finalize; }; if ( my $error = $@ ) { chomp $error; $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/); } $COUNT++; if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){ $class->log->$coderef(); } return $status; } =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments ) Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI, etc.). =cut sub prepare { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; # XXX # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed # into the application. $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class; my $c = $class->context_class->new({}); # For on-demand data $c->request->_context($c); $c->response->_context($c); #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things... $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats); if ( $c->debug ) { $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION ); } #XXX reuse coderef from can # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE) if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) { $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments ); } else { $c->prepare_request(@arguments); $c->prepare_connection; $c->prepare_query_parameters; $c->prepare_headers; $c->prepare_cookies; $c->prepare_path; # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body # or the user, if they are using $c->read $c->prepare_read; # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) { $c->prepare_body; } } my $method = $c->req->method || ''; my $path = $c->req->path || '/'; my $address = $c->req->address || ''; $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/) if $c->debug; $c->prepare_action; return $c; } =head2 $c->prepare_action Prepares action. See L. =cut sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_body Prepares message body. =cut sub prepare_body { my $c = shift; #Moose TODO: what is _body ?? # Do we run for the first time? return if defined $c->request->{_body}; # Initialize on-demand data $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ ); $c->prepare_parameters; $c->prepare_uploads; if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) { my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] ); for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) { my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key}; my $value = defined($param) ? $param : ''; $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value ); } $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw ); } } =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk ) Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L. See L. =cut sub prepare_body_chunk { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters Prepares body parameters. =cut sub prepare_body_parameters { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_connection Prepares connection. =cut sub prepare_connection { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_cookies Prepares cookies. =cut sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_headers Prepares headers. =cut sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_parameters Prepares parameters. =cut sub prepare_parameters { my $c = shift; $c->prepare_body_parameters; $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_path Prepares path and base. =cut sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters Prepares query parameters. =cut sub prepare_query_parameters { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ ); if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) { my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] ); for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) { my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key}; my $value = defined($param) ? $param : ''; $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value ); } $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw ); } } =head2 $c->prepare_read Prepares the input for reading. =cut sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_request Prepares the engine request. =cut sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_uploads Prepares uploads. =cut sub prepare_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ ); if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) { my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 12, 'Parameter' ], [ 26, 'Filename' ], [ 18, 'Type' ], [ 9, 'Size' ] ); for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) { my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key}; for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) { $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size ); } } $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw ); } } =head2 $c->prepare_write Prepares the output for writing. =cut sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->request_class Returns or sets the request class. =head2 $c->response_class Returns or sets the response class. =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] ) Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call. C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified. You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this directly. Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body, so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself. =cut sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->run Starts the engine. =cut sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs ) Sets an action in a given namespace. =cut sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->setup_actions($component) Sets up actions for a component. =cut sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->setup_components Sets up components. Specify a C config option to pass additional options directly to L. To add additional search paths, specify a key named C as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the application class name prepended to them. =cut sub setup_components { my $class = shift; my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V ); my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components }; my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || []; push @paths, @$extra; my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new( search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ], %$config ); my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins; my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps; for my $component ( @comps ) { # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.) # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } ); #Class::MOP::load_class($component); my $module = $class->setup_component( $component ); my %modules = ( $component => $module, map { $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ ) } grep { not exists $comps{$_} } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component ) ); for my $key ( keys %modules ) { $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key }; } } } =head2 $c->setup_component =cut sub setup_component { my( $class, $component ) = @_; unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) { return $component; } my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component ); my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {}; my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); }; if ( my $error = $@ ) { chomp $error; Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/ ); } Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/ ) unless eval { $instance->can( 'can' ) }; return $instance; } =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher Sets up dispatcher. =cut sub setup_dispatcher { my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_; if ($dispatcher) { $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher; } if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) { $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env; } unless ($dispatcher) { $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class; } Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher); # dispatcher instance $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new ); } =head2 $c->setup_engine Sets up engine. =cut sub setup_engine { my ( $class, $engine ) = @_; if ($engine) { $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine; } if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) { $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env; } if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) { # create the apache method { no strict 'refs'; *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache }; } my ( $software, $version ) = $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/; $version =~ s/_//g; $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g; if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) { if ( !$engine ) { if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) { $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20'; } elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) { $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19'; } elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) { $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13'; } else { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ ); } } # install the correct mod_perl handler if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) { *handler = sub : method { shift->handle_request(@_); }; } else { *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) }; } } elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) { $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus'; } else { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ ); } } unless ($engine) { $engine = $class->engine_class; } Class::MOP::load_class($engine); #unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) { # require Class::Inspector->filename($engine); #} # check for old engines that are no longer compatible my $old_engine; if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache') && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION ) { $old_engine = 1; } elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base') && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' ) { $old_engine = 1; } elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE') && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' ) { $old_engine = 1; } elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus') && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' ) { $old_engine = 1; } if ($old_engine) { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/ ); } # engine instance $class->engine( $engine->new ); } =head2 $c->setup_home Sets up the home directory. =cut sub setup_home { my ( $class, $home ) = @_; if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) { $home = $env; } $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class); if ($home) { #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this $class->config->{home} ||= $home; $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root'); } } =head2 $c->setup_log Sets up log. =cut sub setup_log { my ( $class, $debug ) = @_; unless ( $class->log ) { $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new ); } my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' ); if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) { no strict 'refs'; #Moose todo: dying to be made a bool attribute *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 }; $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled'); } } =head2 $c->setup_plugins Sets up plugins. =cut =head2 $c->setup_stats Sets up timing statistics class. =cut sub setup_stats { my ( $class, $stats ) = @_; Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class); my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' ); if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) { no strict 'refs'; #Moose todo: dying to be made a bool attribute *{"$class\::use_stats"} = sub { 1 }; $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled'); } } =head2 $c->registered_plugins Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>. If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if the plugin name does not begin with C. if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) { ... } =cut { sub registered_plugins { my $proto = shift; return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_; my $plugin = shift; return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin}; return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"}; } sub _register_plugin { my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_; my $class = ref $proto || $proto; # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin ); $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1; unless ($instant) { no strict 'refs'; if( $class->can('meta') ){ my @superclasses = ($plugin, $class->meta->superclasses ); $class->meta->superclasses(@superclasses); } else { unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin; } } return $class; } sub setup_plugins { my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_; $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins; $plugins ||= []; for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) { unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) { $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"; } $class->_register_plugin($plugin); } } } =head2 $c->stack Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are currently executing). =head2 $c->stats_class Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. =head2 $c->use_stats Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the _STATS environment variable is set. Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1). =cut sub use_stats { 0 } =head2 $c->write( $data ) Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you will need to manually set the C header to the length of your output data, if known. =cut sub write { my $c = shift; # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output $c->finalize_headers; return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ ); } =head2 version Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by" messages in template systems. =cut sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION } =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>, C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter. MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1; =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C is mapped to C. You can activate case sensitivity with a config parameter. MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1; This causes C to map to C. =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request, but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand parsing with a config parameter. MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1; =head1 PROXY SUPPORT Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach, with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and the server's hostname will appear to be C regardless of the virtual host that the user connected through. Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following changes are made to the request. $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header. The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header. Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work. In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the headers. MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1; If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set: MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1; =head1 THREAD SAFETY Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C, C, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe. If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably L, are not thread-safe. =head1 SUPPORT IRC: Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org. Mailing Lists: http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev Web: http://catalyst.perl.org Wiki: http://dev.catalyst.perl.org =head1 SEE ALSO =head2 L - All you need to start with Catalyst =head2 L - The Catalyst Manual =head2 L, L - Base classes for components =head2 L - Core engine =head2 L - Log class. =head2 L - Request object =head2 L - Response object =head2 L - The test suite. =head1 CREDITS Andy Grundman Andy Wardley Andreas Marienborg Andrew Bramble Andrew Ford Andrew Ruthven Arthur Bergman Autrijus Tang Brian Cassidy Carl Franks Christian Hansen Christopher Hicks Dan Sully Danijel Milicevic David Kamholz David Naughton Drew Taylor Gary Ashton Jones Geoff Richards Jesse Sheidlower Jesse Vincent Jody Belka Johan Lindstrom Juan Camacho Leon Brocard Marcus Ramberg Matt S Trout Robert Sedlacek Sam Vilain Sascha Kiefer Sebastian Willert Tatsuhiko Miyagawa Ulf Edvinsson Yuval Kogman =head1 AUTHOR Sebastian Riedel, C =head1 LICENSE This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. =cut 1;