package Catalyst; use Moose; use Moose::Meta::Class (); extends 'Catalyst::Component'; use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/; use B::Hooks::EndOfScope (); use Catalyst::Exception; use Catalyst::Exception::Detach; use Catalyst::Exception::Go; use Catalyst::Log; use Catalyst::Request; use Catalyst::Request::Upload; use Catalyst::Response; use Catalyst::Utils; use Catalyst::Controller; use Data::OptList; use Devel::InnerPackage (); use Module::Pluggable::Object (); use Text::SimpleTable (); use Path::Class::Dir (); use Path::Class::File (); use URI (); use URI::http; use URI::https; use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/; use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID; use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT; use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/; use attributes; use String::RewritePrefix; use Catalyst::EngineLoader; use utf8; use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/; use Try::Tiny; use Plack::Middleware::Conditional; use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy; use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix; use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix; BEGIN { require 5.008004; } has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] }); has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} }); has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0); has stats => (is => 'rw'); has action => (is => 'rw'); has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} }); has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1); has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1); has namespace => (is => 'rw'); sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; } sub comp { shift->component(@_) } sub req { my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_); } sub res { my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_); } # For backwards compatibility sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) }; # For statistics our $COUNT = 1; our $START = time; our $RECURSION = 1000; our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new; our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new; #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any. #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default? __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_) for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/; __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher'); __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request'); __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response'); __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats'); # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well! our $VERSION = '5.90005'; sub import { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every # callers @ISA. return unless $class eq 'Catalyst'; my $caller = caller(); return if $caller eq 'main'; my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller); unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) { my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller'); $meta->superclasses(@superclasses); } # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses); unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){ if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) { $meta->_add_meta_method('meta'); } else { $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } ); } } $caller->arguments( [@arguments] ); $caller->setup_home; } sub _application { $_[0] } =head1 NAME Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework =head1 SYNOPSIS See the L distribution for comprehensive documentation and tutorials. # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools # use the helper to create a new application catalyst.pl MyApp # add models, views, controllers script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT script/myapp_create.pl controller Search # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes # --help to see all available options script/myapp_server.pl # command line testing interface script/myapp_test.pl /yada ### in lib/MyApp.pm use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated) sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc. my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT $c->stash->{data} = $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } ); if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action # do something else after forward returns } } # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database [% WHILE (item = data.next) %] [% item.foo %] [% END %] # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc. sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... } # called after all actions are finished sub end : Action { my ( $self, $c ) = @_; if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors return if $c->res->body; # already have a response $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template } See L for additional information. =head1 DESCRIPTION Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you start with L or L. See L for more documentation. Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use Catalyst" statement. Omit the C prefix from the plugin name, i.e., C becomes C. use Catalyst qw/My::Module/; If your plugin starts with a name other than C, you can fully qualify the name by using a unary plus: use Catalyst qw/ My::Module +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name /; Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as arguments when Catalyst is loaded: use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/; The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because they are loaded in the order in which they appear. The following flags are supported: =head2 -Debug Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or _DEBUG. The environment settings override the application, with _DEBUG having the highest priority. This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>. =head2 -Home Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.: use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst]; This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the C environment variable or C; where C is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used. If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e. you have done C), then Catalyst will use the path to your application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm) =head2 -Log use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error'; Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels. =head2 -Stats Enables statistics collection and reporting. use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/; You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or _STATS. The environment settings override the application, with _STATS having the highest priority. Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled. =head1 METHODS =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST =head2 $c->action Returns a L object for the current action, which stringifies to the action name. See L. =head2 $c->namespace Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example: # in Controller::Foo::Bar $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar'; =head2 $c->request =head2 $c->req Returns the current L object, giving access to information about the current client request (including parameters, cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L. =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] ) Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a class name but no method, C is called. You may also optionally pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function, C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values. Any data Ced from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the call to forward. my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo'); $c->forward('index'); $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/); $c->forward('View::TT'); Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto $c->error instead. If you want C to propagate you need to do something like: $c->forward('foo'); die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error }; Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write your code like this: $c->forward('foo') || return; Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context. Thus, something like: return @array; in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar, i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want. If you need to return an array then return a reference to it, or stash it like so: $c->stash->{array} = \@array; and access it from the stash. Keep in mind that the C method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-Edetach> inside a forwarded action would run the C method from the original action requested. =cut sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->detach() The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished. When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely. =cut sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] ) Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> / C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C, C and the method you go to are called, just like a new request. In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized. This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as L, L and L return information for the visited action when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when invoked from the called action. C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged. In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by dispatching from a URL, while the analogous L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL. =cut sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] ) =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] ) The relationship between C and L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as the relationship between L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>, C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method, with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C, C escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and does not return to its caller. @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of $action. =cut sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->response =head2 $c->res Returns the current L object, see there for details. =head2 $c->stash Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see L for a complete system integrated with Catalyst). $c->stash->{foo} = $bar; $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } ); $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); =cut around stash => sub { my $orig = shift; my $c = shift; my $stash = $orig->($c); if (@_) { my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0]; croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash; foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) { $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key}; } } return $stash; }; =head2 $c->error =head2 $c->error($error, ...) =head2 $c->error($arrayref) Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This method should only be used to store fatal error messages. my @error = @{ $c->error }; Add a new error. $c->error('Something bad happened'); =cut sub error { my $c = shift; if ( $_[0] ) { my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_]; croak @$error unless ref $c; push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error; } elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef } return $c->{error} || []; } =head2 $c->state Contains the return value of the last executed action. Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all values it returns are scalar. =head2 $c->clear_errors Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are implementing a custom error screen. This is equivalent to running $c->error(0); =cut sub clear_errors { my $c = shift; $c->error(0); } sub _comp_search_prefixes { my $c = shift; return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_); } # search components given a name and some prefixes sub _comp_names_search_prefixes { my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_; my $appclass = ref $c || $c; my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::'; $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; } grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components }; # undef for a name will return all return keys %eligible if !defined $name; my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i; my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible; return @result if @result; # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done. return if ref $name; # skip regexp fallback if configured return if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback}; # regexp fallback $query = qr/$name/i; @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible; # no results? try against full names if( !@result ) { @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible; } # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist if( @result ) { # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0]; my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" . (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " . "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe."; my $short = $result[0]; # remove the component namespace prefix $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://; my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess(''); if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) { $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " . "plugin's config"; } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) { $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " . "component's config"; } else { $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " . "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " . "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)"; } $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" ); } return @result; } # Find possible names for a prefix sub _comp_names { my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_; my $appclass = ref $c || $c; my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::'; my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; } $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes ); return @names; } # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available sub _filter_component { my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_; if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) { return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args ); } return $comp; } =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS =head2 $c->controller($name) Gets a L instance by name. $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff; If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched action. If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument. # find all controllers that start with Foo my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo}); =cut sub controller { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; my $appclass = ref($c) || $c; if( $name ) { unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps my $comps = $c->components; my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name; return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check}; } my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ ); return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name; return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args ); } return $c->component( $c->action->class ); } =head2 $c->model($name) Gets a L instance by name. $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff; Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT. If the name is omitted, it will look for - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then - a config setting 'default_model', or - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case. If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument. # find all models that start with Foo my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo}); =cut sub model { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; my $appclass = ref($c) || $c; if( $name ) { unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps my $comps = $c->components; my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name; return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check}; } my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ ); return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name; return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args ); } if (ref $c) { return $c->stash->{current_model_instance} if $c->stash->{current_model_instance}; return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} ) if $c->stash->{current_model}; } return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} ) if $appclass->config->{default_model}; my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/); if( $rest ) { $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') ); $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' ); $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' ); $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' ); $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' ); } return $c->_filter_component( $comp ); } =head2 $c->view($name) Gets a L instance by name. $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff; Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT. If the name is omitted, it will look for - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then - a config setting 'default_view', or - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case. If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument. # find all views that start with Foo my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo}); =cut sub view { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; my $appclass = ref($c) || $c; if( $name ) { unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps my $comps = $c->components; my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name; if( exists $comps->{$check} ) { return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ); } else { $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" ); } } my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ ); return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name; return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args ); } if (ref $c) { return $c->stash->{current_view_instance} if $c->stash->{current_view_instance}; return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} ) if $c->stash->{current_view}; } return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} ) if $appclass->config->{default_view}; my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/); if( $rest ) { $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' ); $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' ); $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' ); $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' ); $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' ); } return $c->_filter_component( $comp ); } =head2 $c->controllers Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller =cut sub controllers { my ( $c ) = @_; return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/); } =head2 $c->models Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model =cut sub models { my ( $c ) = @_; return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/); } =head2 $c->views Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view =cut sub views { my ( $c ) = @_; return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/); } =head2 $c->comp($name) =head2 $c->component($name) Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended, unless you want to get a specific component by full class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >> should be used instead. If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full component name will be returned. If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex matching by default. To disable this behaviour set disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value. __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 ); =cut sub component { my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_; if( $name ) { my $comps = $c->components; if( !ref $name ) { # is it the exact name? return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args ) if exists $comps->{ $name }; # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"? my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}"; return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args ) if exists $comps->{ $composed }; # search all of the models, views and controllers my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ ); return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp; } return if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback}; # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i; my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components }; return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name; if( $result[ 0 ] ) { $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) ); $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' ); $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' ); return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args ); } # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat } # fallback return sort keys %{ $c->components }; } =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES =head2 $c->config Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration. __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } ); You can also use a C, C or L config file like C in your applications home directory. See L. =head3 Cascading configuration The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with L takes precedence over other configuration, followed by configuration in your top level C class. These two configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a component name is merged with configuration for that component. The configuration for a component is then passed to the C method when a component is constructed. For example: MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } }); MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' }); will mean that C receives the following data when constructed: MyApp::Model::Foo->new({ bar => 'baz', quux => 'frob', overrides => 'me', }); It's common practice to use a Moose attribute on the receiving component to access the config value. package MyApp::Model::Foo; use Moose; # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time has 'bar' => ( is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', ); You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar (or $self->bar inside code in the model). B you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >> as a way of reading config within your code, as this B give you the correctly merged config back. You B take the config values supplied to the constructor and use those instead. =cut around config => sub { my $orig = shift; my $c = shift; croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.') if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished ); $c->$orig(@_); }; =head2 $c->log Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst sets this up with a L object. To use your own log class, set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>. __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ); __PACKAGE__->setup; And later: $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' ); Your log class should implement the methods described in L. =head2 $c->debug Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise. You can enable debug mode in several ways: =over =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm =item By declaring C in your MyApp.pm. =back The first three also set the log level to 'debug'. Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect. =cut sub debug { 0 } =head2 $c->dispatcher Returns the dispatcher instance. See L. =head2 $c->engine Returns the engine instance. See L. =head2 UTILITY METHODS =head2 $c->path_to(@path) Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a L object. Note you can usually use this object as a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method. For example: $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' ); =cut sub path_to { my ( $c, @path ) = @_; my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ); if ( -d $path ) { return $path } else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) } } sub plugin { my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_; # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/); $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 ); eval { $plugin->import }; $class->mk_classdata($name); my $obj; eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) }; if ($@) { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ ); } $class->$name($obj); $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/) if $class->debug; } =head2 MyApp->setup Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C line. MyApp->setup; MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ ); B You B wrap this method with method modifiers or bad things will happen - wrap the C method instead. =cut sub setup { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; croak('Running setup more than once') if ( $class->setup_finished ); unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) { Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ ); } if ( $class->arguments ) { @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } ); } # Process options my $flags = {}; foreach (@arguments) { if (/^-Debug$/) { $flags->{log} = ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug'; } elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) { $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2; } else { push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_; } } $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} ); $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} ); $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} ); $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} ); if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) { $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading"); } $class->setup_engine(); $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} ); for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) { if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) { &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} ); } else { $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/); } } eval { require Catalyst::Devel; }; if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) { $class->log->warn(<<"EOF"); You are running an old script! Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files): catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class or (this will not overwrite existing files): catalyst.pl -scripts $class EOF } if ( $class->debug ) { my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins; if (@plugins) { my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6; my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width); $t->row($_) for @plugins; $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" ); } my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher; my $engine = $class->engine; my $home = $class->config->{home}; $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher))); $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine))); $home ? ( -d $home ) ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/) : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/) : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/); } # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil. # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid. { no warnings qw/redefine/; local *setup = sub { }; $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING; } # Initialize our data structure $class->components( {} ); $class->setup_components; if ( $class->debug ) { my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9; my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] ); for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) { my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class'; $t->row( $comp, $type ); } $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" ) if ( keys %{ $class->components } ); } # Add our self to components, since we are also a component if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){ $class->components->{$class} = $class; } $class->setup_actions; if ( $class->debug ) { my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application'; $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION"); } # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point, B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end { return if $@; my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class); if ( $meta->is_immutable && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor} && ( $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $class->isa('Class::Accessor') ) ) { warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, " . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. " . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA " . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass " . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n"; } $meta->make_immutable( replace_constructor => 1, ) unless $meta->is_immutable; }; if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) { $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set."); $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81."); } $class->setup_finalize; # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking # setup_finalize can log.. $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush'); return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE. } =head2 $app->setup_finalize A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the C accessor. Applying method modifiers to the C method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup. Example: after setup_finalize => sub { my $app = shift; ## do stuff here.. }; =cut sub setup_finalize { my ($class) = @_; $class->setup_finished(1); } =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? ) =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? ) Constructs an absolute L object based on the application root, the provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided. When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see L. If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned. To return the current action and also provide @args, use C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>. If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C parameters. If the first argument is a L it represents an action which will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions; once the path is resolved, C continues as though a path was provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute URI. The captures for the current request can be found in C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead. # Equivalent to $c->req->uri $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures, @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params); # For the Foo action in the Bar controller $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo')); # Path to a static resource $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png'); =cut sub uri_for { my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_; if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) { $path = $path->path_prefix; $path =~ s{/+\z}{}; $path .= '/'; } undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq ''); my $params = ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} ); carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args; foreach my $arg (@args) { utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg); $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go; } if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object s|/|%2F|g for @args; my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; } ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? @{ shift(@args) } : ()) ]; foreach my $capture (@$captures) { utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture); $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go; } my $action = $path; # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? ) if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) { my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action ); my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures; unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures; } $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures); if (not defined $path) { $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/) if $c->debug; return undef; } $path = '/' if $path eq ''; } unshift(@args, $path); unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip my $namespace = $c->namespace; if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo' $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{}; } unshift(@args, $namespace || ''); } # join args with '/', or a blank string my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args); $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE $args =~ s!^/+!!; my $base = $c->req->base; my $class = ref($base); $base =~ s{(?{$_}; s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go; s/ /+/g; my $key = $_; $val = '' unless defined $val; (map { my $param = "$_"; utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param); # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go; $param =~ s/ /+/g; "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val )); } @keys); } my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class); $res; } =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? ) =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? ) =over =item $path A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for. This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path) >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<< $c->uri_for >>. You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to C<< $c->uri_for >>. Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action. For example, if the action looks like: package MyApp::Controller::Users; sub lst : Path('the-list') {} You can use: $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst') and it will create the URI /users/the-list. =item \@captures_and_args? Optional array reference of Captures (i.e. C<req->captures>) and arguments to the request. Usually used with L to interpolate all the parameters in the URI. =item @args? Optional list of extra arguments - can be supplied in the C<< \@captures_and_args? >> array ref, or here - whichever is easier for your code. Your action can have zero, a fixed or a variable number of args (e.g. C<< Args(1) >> for a fixed number or C<< Args() >> for a variable number).. =item \%query_values? Optional array reference of query parameters to append. E.g. { foo => 'bar' } will generate /rest/of/your/uri?foo=bar =back =cut sub uri_for_action { my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_; my $action = blessed($path) ? $path : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path); unless (defined $action) { croak "Can't find action for path '$path'"; } return $c->uri_for( $action, @args ); } =head2 $c->welcome_message Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page. =cut sub welcome_message { my $c = shift; my $name = $c->config->{name}; my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png'); my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c ); $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8'); return <<"EOF"; $name on Catalyst $VERSION

$name on Catalyst $VERSION

Catalyst Logo

Welcome to the world of Catalyst. This MVC framework will make web development something you had never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.

What to do now?

That really depends on what you want to do. We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.

If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst you might want to start with a tutorial.

perldoc Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial

Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.

perldoc Catalyst::Manual::Intro

What to do next?

Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the helper scripts to generate controllers, models, and views; they can save you a lot of work.

script/${prefix}_create.pl --help

Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing collection of plugins for Catalyst on CPAN; you are likely to find what you need there.

Need help?

Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to get in touch with us.

In conclusion

The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas for improvement or other feedback.

EOF } =head1 INTERNAL METHODS These methods are not meant to be used by end users. =head2 $c->components Returns a hash of components. =head2 $c->context_class Returns or sets the context class. =head2 $c->counter Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for deep recursion detection). =head2 $c->depth Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack. =head2 $c->dispatch Dispatches a request to actions. =cut sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->dispatcher_class Returns or sets the dispatcher class. =head2 $c->dump_these Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode. =cut sub dump_these { my $c = shift; [ Request => $c->req ], [ Response => $c->res ], [ Stash => $c->stash ], [ Config => $c->config ]; } =head2 $c->engine_class Returns or sets the engine class. =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef ) Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available via $c->error. =cut sub execute { my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_; $class = $c->component($class) || $class; $c->state(0); if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) { my $action = $code->reverse(); $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/; my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/; $c->log->error($error); $c->error($error); $c->state(0); return $c->state; } my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats; push( @{ $c->stack }, $code ); no warnings 'recursion'; # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue) eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) }; $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info; my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } ); if ( my $error = $@ ) { if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) { $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1; } elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) { $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0; } else { unless ( ref $error ) { no warnings 'uninitialized'; chomp $error; my $class = $last->class; my $name = $last->name; $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/; } $c->error($error); } $c->state(0); } return $c->state; } sub _stats_start_execute { my ( $c, $code ) = @_; my $appclass = ref($c) || $c; return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ ) && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) ); my $action_name = $code->reverse(); $c->counter->{$action_name}++; my $action = $action_name; $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/; # determine if the call was the result of a forward # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval my $callsub = q{}; for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) { last if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst' && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' ); if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) { $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3]; $action = "-> $action"; last; } } my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name}; # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call? if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) { my $parent = $c->stack->[-1]; # forward, locate the caller if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) { $c->stats->profile( begin => $action, parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"}, uid => $uid, ); } else { # forward with no caller may come from a plugin $c->stats->profile( begin => $action, uid => $uid, ); } } else { # root-level call $c->stats->profile( begin => $action, uid => $uid, ); } return $action; } sub _stats_finish_execute { my ( $c, $info ) = @_; $c->stats->profile( end => $info ); } =head2 $c->finalize Finalizes the request. =cut sub finalize { my $c = shift; for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) { $c->log->error($error); } # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE) my $engine = $c->engine; if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) { $engine->$code($c); } else { $c->finalize_uploads; # Error if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) { $c->finalize_error; } $c->finalize_headers; # HEAD request if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) { $c->response->body(''); } $c->finalize_body; } $c->log_response; if ($c->use_stats) { my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed; my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed; $c->log->info( "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" ); } return $c->response->status; } =head2 $c->finalize_body Finalizes body. =cut sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_cookies Finalizes cookies. =cut sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_error Finalizes error. =cut sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_headers Finalizes headers. =cut sub finalize_headers { my $c = shift; my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up? # Check if we already finalized headers return if $response->finalized_headers; # Handle redirects if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) { $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug; $response->header( Location => $location ); if ( !$response->has_body ) { # Add a default body if none is already present $response->body(<<"EOF"); Moved

This item has moved here.

EOF $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8'); } } # Content-Length if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) { # get the length from a filehandle if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' ) { my $size = -s $response->body; if ( $size ) { $response->content_length( $size ); } else { $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length'); } } else { # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) ); } } # Errors if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) { $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length"); $response->body(''); } $c->finalize_cookies; $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ ); # Done $response->finalized_headers(1); } =head2 $c->finalize_output An alias for finalize_body. =head2 $c->finalize_read Finalizes the input after reading is complete. =cut sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->finalize_uploads Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files. =cut sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace ) Gets an action in a given namespace. =cut sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) } =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace ) Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent namespaces. =cut sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments ) Called to handle each HTTP request. =cut sub handle_request { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; # Always expect worst case! my $status = -1; try { if ($class->debug) { my $secs = time - $START || 1; my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs; my $time = localtime time; $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***"); } my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments); $c->dispatch; $status = $c->finalize; } catch { chomp(my $error = $_); $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/); }; $COUNT++; if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){ $class->log->$coderef(); } return $status; } =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments ) Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI, etc.). =cut sub prepare { my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_; # XXX # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed # into the application. $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class; my $c = $class->context_class->new({}); # For on-demand data $c->request->_context($c); $c->response->_context($c); #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things... $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats); if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) { $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION ); } try { # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE) if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) { $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments ); } else { $c->prepare_request(@arguments); $c->prepare_connection; $c->prepare_query_parameters; $c->prepare_headers; $c->prepare_cookies; $c->prepare_path; # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body # or the user, if they are using $c->read $c->prepare_read; # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) { $c->prepare_body; } } } # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working catch { # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right? $c->response->status(400); $c->response->content_type('text/plain'); $c->response->body('Bad Request'); $c->finalize; die $_; }; my $method = $c->req->method || ''; my $path = $c->req->path; $path = '/' unless length $path; my $address = $c->req->address || ''; $c->log_request; $c->prepare_action; return $c; } =head2 $c->prepare_action Prepares action. See L. =cut sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_body Prepares message body. =cut sub prepare_body { my $c = shift; return if $c->request->_has_body; # Initialize on-demand data $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ ); $c->prepare_parameters; $c->prepare_uploads; } =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk ) Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L. See L. =cut sub prepare_body_chunk { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters Prepares body parameters. =cut sub prepare_body_parameters { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_connection Prepares connection. =cut sub prepare_connection { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_cookies Prepares cookies. =cut sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_headers Prepares headers. =cut sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_parameters Prepares parameters. =cut sub prepare_parameters { my $c = shift; $c->prepare_body_parameters; $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_path Prepares path and base. =cut sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters Prepares query parameters. =cut sub prepare_query_parameters { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->log_request Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes: =over 4 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address =item * Query keywords (see L) =item * Request parameters =item * File uploads =back =cut sub log_request { my $c = shift; return unless $c->debug; my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these; my $request = $dump->[1]; my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address ); $method ||= ''; $path = '/' unless length $path; $address ||= ''; $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/); $c->log_request_headers($request->headers); if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) { $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords"); } $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () ); $c->log_request_uploads($request); } =head2 $c->log_response Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>. =cut sub log_response { my $c = shift; return unless $c->debug; my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these; my $response = $dump->[1]; $c->log_response_status_line($response); $c->log_response_headers($response->headers); } =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response) Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes: =over 4 =item * Response status code =item * Content-Type header (if present) =item * Content-Length header (if present) =back =cut sub log_response_status_line { my ($c, $response) = @_; $c->log->debug( sprintf( 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s', $response->status || 'unknown', $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown', $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown' ) ); } =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers); Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers. No-op in the default implementation. =cut sub log_response_headers {} =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} ) Logs request parameters to debug logs =cut sub log_request_parameters { my $c = shift; my %all_params = @_; return unless $c->debug; my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44; foreach my $type (qw(query body)) { my $params = $all_params{$type}; next if ! keys %$params; my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] ); for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) { my $param = $params->{$key}; my $value = defined($param) ? $param : ''; $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value ); } $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw ); } } =head2 $c->log_request_uploads Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs. The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in the debug logs. =cut sub log_request_uploads { my $c = shift; my $request = shift; return unless $c->debug; my $uploads = $request->uploads; if ( keys %$uploads ) { my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 12, 'Parameter' ], [ 26, 'Filename' ], [ 18, 'Type' ], [ 9, 'Size' ] ); for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) { my $upload = $uploads->{$key}; for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) { $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size ); } } $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw ); } } =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers); Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers. No-op in the default implementation. =cut sub log_request_headers {} =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers) Logs L (either request or response) to the debug logs. =cut sub log_headers { my $c = shift; my $type = shift; my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance return unless $c->debug; my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28; my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] ); $headers->scan( sub { my ( $name, $value ) = @_; $t->row( $name, $value ); } ); $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw ); } =head2 $c->prepare_read Prepares the input for reading. =cut sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_request Prepares the engine request. =cut sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->prepare_uploads Prepares uploads. =cut sub prepare_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ ); } =head2 $c->prepare_write Prepares the output for writing. =cut sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->request_class Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L. =head2 $c->response_class Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L. =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] ) Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call. C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified. You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this directly. Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body, so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself. =cut sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->run Starts the engine. =cut sub run { my $app = shift; $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ? $app->engine->run($app, @_) : $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ ); } =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs ) Sets an action in a given namespace. =cut sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->setup_actions($component) Sets up actions for a component. =cut sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) } =head2 $c->setup_components This method is called internally to set up the application's components. It finds modules by calling the L method, expands them to package names with the L method, and then installs each component into the application. The C config option is passed to both of the above methods. Installation of each component is performed by the L method, below. =cut sub setup_components { my $class = shift; my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components }; my @comps = $class->locate_components($config); my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps; my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps; $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}. qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n} ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names; for my $component ( @comps ) { # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.) # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } ); } for my $component (@comps) { my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component); my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules') ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config ) : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config ); for my $component (@expanded_components) { next if $comps{$component}; $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component); } } } =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config ) This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be setup for the application. By default, it will use L. Specify a C config option to pass additional options directly to L. To add additional search paths, specify a key named C as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the application class name prepended to them. =cut sub locate_components { my $class = shift; my $config = shift; my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V ); my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || []; push @paths, @$extra; my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new( search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ], %$config ); # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins; return @comps; } =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config ) Components found by C will be passed to this method, which is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up. =cut sub expand_component_module { my ($class, $module) = @_; return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module ); } =head2 $c->setup_component =cut sub setup_component { my( $class, $component ) = @_; unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) { return $component; } my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component ); my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {}; # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name. local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component; my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); }; if ( my $error = $@ ) { chomp $error; Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/ ); } unless (blessed $instance) { my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component); my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT'); my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name; my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef'; Catalyst::Exception->throw( message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./ ); } return $instance; } =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher Sets up dispatcher. =cut sub setup_dispatcher { my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_; if ($dispatcher) { $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher; } if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) { $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env; } unless ($dispatcher) { $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class; } Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher); # dispatcher instance $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new ); } =head2 $c->setup_engine Sets up engine. =cut sub engine_class { my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_; if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) { $class->engine_loader( Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({ application_name => $class, (defined $requested_engine ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()), }), ); } $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class; } sub setup_engine { my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_; my $engine = do { my $loader = $class->engine_loader; if (!$loader || $requested_engine) { $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({ application_name => $class, (defined $requested_engine ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()), }), $class->engine_loader($loader); } $loader->catalyst_engine_class; }; # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation. return if $class->loading_psgi_file; Class::MOP::load_class($engine); if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) { my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto; my $meta = find_meta($class); my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable; my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options; $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable; $meta->add_method(handler => sub { my $r = shift; my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app; $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app); }); $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable; } $class->engine( $engine->new ); return; } sub _finalized_psgi_app { my ($app) = @_; unless ($app->_psgi_app) { my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app; $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app); } return $app->_psgi_app; } sub _setup_psgi_app { my ($app) = @_; for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) { my $psgi_file = $home->file( Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi', ); next unless -e $psgi_file; # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret. $app->loading_psgi_file(1); my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file); $app->loading_psgi_file(0); return $psgi_app unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack; warn <<"EOW"; Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}. Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. EOW } return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app); } =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares Adds the following L middlewares to your application, since they are useful and commonly needed: L, (conditionally added based on the status of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C or forced off with C), L (if you are using Lighttpd), L (always applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself). Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and $ENV{SCRIPT_NAME} =cut sub apply_default_middlewares { my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_; $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap( $psgi_app, builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) }, condition => sub { my ($env) = @_; return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy}; return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1' || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy}; }, ); # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app); # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right # IIS versions $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app); return $psgi_app; } =head2 $c->psgi_app Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account. This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files. =cut sub psgi_app { my ($app) = @_; return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app); } =head2 $c->setup_home Sets up the home directory. =cut sub setup_home { my ( $class, $home ) = @_; if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) { $home = $env; } $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class); if ($home) { #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this $class->config->{home} ||= $home; $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root'); } } =head2 $c->setup_log Sets up log by instantiating a L object and passing it to C. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the log to. This method also installs a C method that returns a true value into the catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list, or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value. Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to C or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>, that this method won't actually set up the log object. =cut sub setup_log { my ( $class, $levels ) = @_; $levels ||= ''; $levels =~ s/^\s+//; $levels =~ s/\s+$//; my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels; my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' ); if ( defined $env_debug ) { $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly! delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug; } unless ( $class->log ) { $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) ); } if ( $levels{debug} ) { Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 }); $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled'); } } =head2 $c->setup_plugins Sets up plugins. =cut =head2 $c->setup_stats Sets up timing statistics class. =cut sub setup_stats { my ( $class, $stats ) = @_; Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class); my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' ); if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) { Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 }); $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled'); } } =head2 $c->registered_plugins Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the import list. If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if the plugin name does not begin with C. if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) { ... } =cut { sub registered_plugins { my $proto = shift; return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_; my $plugin = shift; return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin}; return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"}; } sub _register_plugin { my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_; my $class = ref $proto || $proto; Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin ); $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" ) if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' ); $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1; unless ($instant) { my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class); $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses); } return $class; } sub setup_plugins { my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_; $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins; $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []); my @plugins = map { [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace( $class . '::Plugin', 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0] ), $_->[1], ] } @{ $plugins }; for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) { Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]); my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]); next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role'); $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]); } my @roles = map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] } grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') } map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] } @plugins; Moose::Util::apply_all_roles( $class => @roles ) if @roles; } } =head2 $c->stack Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are currently executing). =head2 $c->stats Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses L, but can be set otherwise with L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>. Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything by itself. =head2 $c->stats_class Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L is used by default. =head2 $c->use_stats Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled. Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden by declaring C in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>. =cut sub use_stats { 0 } =head2 $c->write( $data ) Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you will need to manually set the C header to the length of your output data, if known. =cut sub write { my $c = shift; # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output $c->finalize_headers; return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ ); } =head2 version Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by" messages in template systems. =cut sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION } =head1 CONFIGURATION There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set: =over =item * C - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>. =item * C - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>. =item * C - Turns off the deprecated component resolution functionality so that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>) are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and instead C will be returned. =item * C - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application, this is the top level application directory. In an installed application, this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>. =item * C - See L =item * C - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and welcome screens =item * C - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L =item * C - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the templates to a different directory. =item * C - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in C<< $c->components >>). =item * C - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >> to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server. =item * C - Controls if the C or C environment variable should be used for determining the request path. Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables, from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application, exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base. There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false). =over =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information. The path is generated from a combination of the C and C environment variables. The allows the application to behave correctly when C is being used to redirect requests into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect. However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B decoded, and therefore Catalyst can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values). =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1 This method uses the C and C environment variables. As C is never decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character (i.e. with C set to C in Apache). Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly. However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C), the resolution of C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect. =back =item * C - See L. =back =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>, C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter. MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1); =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request, but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand parsing with a config parameter. MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1); =head1 PROXY SUPPORT Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach, with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and the server's hostname will appear to be C regardless of the virtual host that the user connected through. Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following changes are made to the request. $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header. The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header. Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C to tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to be created properly. In the case of passing in: X-Forwarded-Port: 443 All calls to C will result in an https link, as is expected. Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work. In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the headers. MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1); If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set: MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1); =head1 THREAD SAFETY Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C, C, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe. If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably L, are not thread-safe. =head1 SUPPORT IRC: Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org. Mailing Lists: http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev Web: http://catalyst.perl.org Wiki: http://dev.catalyst.perl.org =head1 SEE ALSO =head2 L - All you need to start with Catalyst =head2 L - The Catalyst Manual =head2 L, L - Base classes for components =head2 L - Core engine =head2 L - Log class. =head2 L - Request object =head2 L - Response object =head2 L - The test suite. =begin stopwords =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER sri: Sebastian Riedel =head1 CONTRIBUTORS abw: Andy Wardley acme: Leon Brocard abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier Andrew Bramble Andrew Ford EA.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE Andrew Ruthven andyg: Andy Grundman audreyt: Audrey Tang bricas: Brian Cassidy Caelum: Rafael Kitover chansen: Christian Hansen chicks: Christopher Hicks Chisel Wright C Danijel Milicevic C David Kamholz Edkamholz@cpan.orgE David Naughton, C David E. Wheeler dhoss: Devin Austin dkubb: Dan Kubb Drew Taylor dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark esskar: Sascha Kiefer fireartist: Carl Franks frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt gabb: Danijel Milicevic Gary Ashton Jones Gavin Henry C Geoff Richards groditi: Guillermo Roditi hobbs: Andrew Rodland ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker jcamacho: Juan Camacho jester: Jesse Sheidlower C jhannah: Jay Hannah Jody Belka Johan Lindstrom jon: Jon Schutz Jonathan Rockway C<< >> Kieren Diment C konobi: Scott McWhirter marcus: Marcus Ramberg miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa mst: Matt S. Trout mugwump: Sam Vilain naughton: David Naughton ningu: David Kamholz nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman numa: Dan Sully obra: Jesse Vincent Octavian Rasnita omega: Andreas Marienborg Oleg Kostyuk phaylon: Robert Sedlacek rafl: Florian Ragwitz random: Roland Lammel Robert Sedlacek C<< >> SpiceMan: Marcel Montes sky: Arthur Bergman szbalint: Balint Szilakszi t0m: Tomas Doran Ulf Edvinsson Viljo Marrandi C Will Hawes C willert: Sebastian Willert wreis: Wallace Reis Yuval Kogman, C rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C dd070: Dhaval Dhanani =end stopwords =head1 COPYRIGHT Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS. =head1 LICENSE This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. =cut no Moose; __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable; 1;