1 package Catalyst::Engine;
4 with 'MooseX::Emulate::Class::Accessor::Fast';
6 use CGI::Simple::Cookie;
7 use Data::Dump qw/dump/;
8 use Errno 'EWOULDBLOCK';
14 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
18 use namespace::clean -except => 'meta';
20 # Amount of data to read from input on each pass
21 our $CHUNKSIZE = 64 * 1024;
23 # XXX - this is only here for compat, do not use!
24 has env => ( is => 'rw', writer => '_set_env' );
25 my $WARN_ABOUT_ENV = 0;
27 my ($orig, $self, @args) = @_;
29 warn "env as a writer is deprecated, you probably need to upgrade Catalyst::Engine::PSGI"
30 unless $WARN_ABOUT_ENV++;
31 return $self->_set_env(@args);
38 Catalyst::Engine - The Catalyst Engine
49 =head2 $self->finalize_body($c)
51 Finalize body. Prints the response output.
56 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
57 my $body = $c->response->body;
58 no warnings 'uninitialized';
59 if ( blessed($body) && $body->can('read') or ref($body) eq 'GLOB' ) {
62 $got = read $body, my ($buffer), $CHUNKSIZE;
63 $got = 0 unless $self->write( $c, $buffer );
69 $self->write( $c, $body );
72 my $res = $c->response;
79 =head2 $self->finalize_cookies($c)
81 Create CGI::Simple::Cookie objects from $c->res->cookies, and set them as
86 sub finalize_cookies {
87 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
90 my $response = $c->response;
92 foreach my $name (keys %{ $response->cookies }) {
94 my $val = $response->cookies->{$name};
99 : CGI::Simple::Cookie->new(
101 -value => $val->{value},
102 -expires => $val->{expires},
103 -domain => $val->{domain},
104 -path => $val->{path},
105 -secure => $val->{secure} || 0,
106 -httponly => $val->{httponly} || 0,
109 if (!defined $cookie) {
110 $c->log->warn("undef passed in '$name' cookie value - not setting cookie")
115 push @cookies, $cookie->as_string;
118 for my $cookie (@cookies) {
119 $response->headers->push_header( 'Set-Cookie' => $cookie );
123 =head2 $self->finalize_error($c)
125 Output an appropriate error message. Called if there's an error in $c
126 after the dispatch has finished. Will output debug messages if Catalyst
127 is in debug mode, or a `please come back later` message otherwise.
131 sub _dump_error_page_element {
132 my ($self, $i, $element) = @_;
133 my ($name, $val) = @{ $element };
135 # This is fugly, but the metaclass is _HUGE_ and demands waaay too much
136 # scrolling. Suggestions for more pleasant ways to do this welcome.
137 local $val->{'__MOP__'} = "Stringified: "
138 . $val->{'__MOP__'} if ref $val eq 'HASH' && exists $val->{'__MOP__'};
140 my $text = encode_entities( dump( $val ));
141 sprintf <<"EOF", $name, $text;
142 <h2><a href="#" onclick="toggleDump('dump_$i'); return false">%s</a></h2>
144 <pre wrap="">%s</pre>
150 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
152 $c->res->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
153 my $name = ref($c)->config->{name} || join(' ', split('::', ref $c));
155 # Prevent Catalyst::Plugin::Unicode::Encoding from running.
156 # This is a little nasty, but it's the best way to be clean whether or
157 # not the user has an encoding plugin.
159 if ($c->can('encoding')) {
163 my ( $title, $error, $infos );
167 $error = join '', map {
168 '<p><code class="error">'
169 . encode_entities($_)
172 $error ||= 'No output';
173 $error = qq{<pre wrap="">$error</pre>};
174 $title = $name = "$name on Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION";
175 $name = "<h1>$name</h1>";
177 # Don't show context in the dump
178 $c->req->_clear_context;
179 $c->res->_clear_context;
181 # Don't show body parser in the dump
182 $c->req->_clear_body;
186 for my $dump ( $c->dump_these ) {
187 push @infos, $self->_dump_error_page_element($i, $dump);
190 $infos = join "\n", @infos;
197 (en) Please come back later
198 (fr) SVP veuillez revenir plus tard
199 (de) Bitte versuchen sie es spaeter nocheinmal
200 (at) Konnten's bitt'schoen spaeter nochmal reinschauen
201 (no) Vennligst prov igjen senere
202 (dk) Venligst prov igen senere
203 (pl) Prosze sprobowac pozniej
204 (pt) Por favor volte mais tarde
205 (ru) Попробуйте еще раз позже
206 (ua) Спробуйте ще раз пізніше
211 $c->res->body( <<"" );
212 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
213 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
214 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
216 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
217 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
218 <title>$title</title>
219 <script type="text/javascript">
221 function toggleDump (dumpElement) {
222 var e = document.getElementById( dumpElement );
223 if (e.style.display == "none") {
224 e.style.display = "";
227 e.style.display = "none";
232 <style type="text/css">
234 font-family: "Bitstream Vera Sans", "Trebuchet MS", Verdana,
235 Tahoma, Arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
237 background-color: #eee;
241 :link, :link:hover, :visited, :visited:hover {
246 background-color: #ccc;
247 border: 1px solid #aaa;
252 background-color: #cce;
253 border: 1px solid #755;
259 background-color: #eee;
260 border: 1px solid #575;
266 background-color: #cce;
267 border: 1px solid #557;
276 div.name h1, div.error p {
284 text-decoration: underline;
290 /* from http://users.tkk.fi/~tkarvine/linux/doc/pre-wrap/pre-wrap-css3-mozilla-opera-ie.html */
291 /* Browser specific (not valid) styles to make preformatted text wrap */
293 white-space: pre-wrap; /* css-3 */
294 white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
295 white-space: -pre-wrap; /* Opera 4-6 */
296 white-space: -o-pre-wrap; /* Opera 7 */
297 word-wrap: break-word; /* Internet Explorer 5.5+ */
303 <div class="error">$error</div>
304 <div class="infos">$infos</div>
305 <div class="name">$name</div>
310 # Trick IE. Old versions of IE would display their own error page instead
311 # of ours if we'd give it less than 512 bytes.
312 $c->res->{body} .= ( ' ' x 512 );
314 $c->res->{body} = Encode::encode("UTF-8", $c->res->{body});
317 $c->res->status(500);
320 =head2 $self->finalize_headers($c)
322 Abstract method, allows engines to write headers to response
326 sub finalize_headers {
327 my ($self, $ctx) = @_;
329 # This is a less-than-pretty hack to avoid breaking the old
330 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. 5.9 Catalyst::Engine sets a response_cb and
331 # expects us to pass headers to it here, whereas Catalyst::Enngine::PSGI
332 # just pulls the headers out of $ctx->response in its run method and never
333 # sets response_cb. So take the lack of a response_cb as a sign that we
334 # don't need to set the headers.
336 return unless ($ctx->response->_has_response_cb);
339 $ctx->response->headers->scan(sub { push @headers, @_ });
341 my $writer = $ctx->response->_response_cb->([ $ctx->response->status, \@headers ]);
342 $ctx->response->_set_writer($writer);
343 $ctx->response->_clear_response_cb;
348 =head2 $self->finalize_read($c)
352 sub finalize_read { }
354 =head2 $self->finalize_uploads($c)
356 Clean up after uploads, deleting temp files.
360 sub finalize_uploads {
361 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
363 # N.B. This code is theoretically entirely unneeded due to ->cleanup(1)
364 # on the HTTP::Body object.
365 my $request = $c->request;
366 foreach my $key (keys %{ $request->uploads }) {
367 my $upload = $request->uploads->{$key};
368 unlink grep { -e $_ } map { $_->tempname }
369 (ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload));
374 =head2 $self->prepare_body($c)
376 sets up the L<Catalyst::Request> object body using L<HTTP::Body>
381 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
383 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
384 my $request = $c->request;
385 if ( my $length = $request->_read_length ) {
386 unless ( $request->_body ) {
387 my $type = $request->header('Content-Type');
388 $request->_body(HTTP::Body->new( $type, $length ));
389 $request->_body->cleanup(1); # Make extra sure!
390 $request->_body->tmpdir( $appclass->config->{uploadtmp} )
391 if exists $appclass->config->{uploadtmp};
394 # Check for definedness as you could read '0'
395 while ( defined ( my $buffer = $self->read($c) ) ) {
396 $c->prepare_body_chunk($buffer);
399 # paranoia against wrong Content-Length header
400 my $remaining = $length - $c->request->_read_position;
401 if ( $remaining > 0 ) {
402 $self->finalize_read($c);
403 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
404 "Wrong Content-Length value: $length" );
408 # Defined but will cause all body code to be skipped
409 $c->request->_body(0);
413 =head2 $self->prepare_body_chunk($c)
415 Add a chunk to the request body.
419 sub prepare_body_chunk {
420 my ( $self, $c, $chunk ) = @_;
422 $c->request->_body->add($chunk);
425 =head2 $self->prepare_body_parameters($c)
427 Sets up parameters from body.
431 sub prepare_body_parameters {
432 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
434 return unless $c->request->_body;
436 $c->request->body_parameters( $c->request->_body->param );
439 =head2 $self->prepare_connection($c)
441 Abstract method implemented in engines.
445 sub prepare_connection {
446 my ($self, $ctx) = @_;
448 my $request = $ctx->request;
449 my $env = $ctx->request->env;
451 $request->address( $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} );
452 $request->hostname( $env->{REMOTE_HOST} )
453 if exists $env->{REMOTE_HOST};
454 $request->protocol( $env->{SERVER_PROTOCOL} );
455 $request->remote_user( $env->{REMOTE_USER} );
456 $request->method( $env->{REQUEST_METHOD} );
457 $request->secure( $env->{'psgi.url_scheme'} eq 'https' ? 1 : 0 );
462 =head2 $self->prepare_cookies($c)
464 Parse cookies from header. Sets a L<CGI::Simple::Cookie> object.
468 sub prepare_cookies {
469 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
471 if ( my $header = $c->request->header('Cookie') ) {
472 $c->req->cookies( { CGI::Simple::Cookie->parse($header) } );
476 =head2 $self->prepare_headers($c)
480 sub prepare_headers {
481 my ($self, $ctx) = @_;
483 my $env = $ctx->request->env;
484 my $headers = $ctx->request->headers;
486 for my $header (keys %{ $env }) {
487 next unless $header =~ /^(HTTP|CONTENT|COOKIE)/i;
488 (my $field = $header) =~ s/^HTTPS?_//;
490 $headers->header($field => $env->{$header});
494 =head2 $self->prepare_parameters($c)
496 sets up parameters from query and post parameters.
500 sub prepare_parameters {
501 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
503 my $request = $c->request;
504 my $parameters = $request->parameters;
505 my $body_parameters = $request->body_parameters;
506 my $query_parameters = $request->query_parameters;
507 # We copy, no references
508 foreach my $name (keys %$query_parameters) {
509 my $param = $query_parameters->{$name};
510 $parameters->{$name} = ref $param eq 'ARRAY' ? [ @$param ] : $param;
513 # Merge query and body parameters
514 foreach my $name (keys %$body_parameters) {
515 my $param = $body_parameters->{$name};
516 my @values = ref $param eq 'ARRAY' ? @$param : ($param);
517 if ( my $existing = $parameters->{$name} ) {
518 unshift(@values, (ref $existing eq 'ARRAY' ? @$existing : $existing));
520 $parameters->{$name} = @values > 1 ? \@values : $values[0];
524 =head2 $self->prepare_path($c)
526 abstract method, implemented by engines.
531 my ($self, $ctx) = @_;
533 my $env = $ctx->request->env;
535 my $scheme = $ctx->request->secure ? 'https' : 'http';
536 my $host = $env->{HTTP_HOST} || $env->{SERVER_NAME};
537 my $port = $env->{SERVER_PORT} || 80;
538 my $base_path = $env->{SCRIPT_NAME} || "/";
540 # set the request URI
542 if (!$ctx->config->{use_request_uri_for_path}) {
543 my $path_info = $env->{PATH_INFO};
544 if ( exists $env->{REDIRECT_URL} ) {
545 $base_path = $env->{REDIRECT_URL};
546 $base_path =~ s/\Q$path_info\E$//;
548 $path = $base_path . $path_info;
550 $path =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
551 $path =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
554 my $req_uri = $env->{REQUEST_URI};
555 $req_uri =~ s/\?.*$//;
560 # Using URI directly is way too slow, so we construct the URLs manually
561 my $uri_class = "URI::$scheme";
563 # HTTP_HOST will include the port even if it's 80/443
564 $host =~ s/:(?:80|443)$//;
566 if ($port !~ /^(?:80|443)$/ && $host !~ /:/) {
570 my $query = $env->{QUERY_STRING} ? '?' . $env->{QUERY_STRING} : '';
571 my $uri = $scheme . '://' . $host . '/' . $path . $query;
573 $ctx->request->uri( (bless \$uri, $uri_class)->canonical );
576 # base must end in a slash
577 $base_path .= '/' unless $base_path =~ m{/$};
579 my $base_uri = $scheme . '://' . $host . $base_path;
581 $ctx->request->base( bless \$base_uri, $uri_class );
586 =head2 $self->prepare_request($c)
588 =head2 $self->prepare_query_parameters($c)
590 process the query string and extract query parameters.
594 sub prepare_query_parameters {
597 my $env = $c->request->env;
598 my $query_string = exists $env->{QUERY_STRING}
599 ? $env->{QUERY_STRING}
602 # Check for keywords (no = signs)
603 # (yes, index() is faster than a regex :))
604 if ( index( $query_string, '=' ) < 0 ) {
605 $c->request->query_keywords( $self->unescape_uri($query_string) );
611 # replace semi-colons
612 $query_string =~ s/;/&/g;
614 my @params = grep { length $_ } split /&/, $query_string;
616 for my $item ( @params ) {
619 = map { $self->unescape_uri($_) }
620 split( /=/, $item, 2 );
622 $param = $self->unescape_uri($item) unless defined $param;
624 if ( exists $query{$param} ) {
625 if ( ref $query{$param} ) {
626 push @{ $query{$param} }, $value;
629 $query{$param} = [ $query{$param}, $value ];
633 $query{$param} = $value;
637 $c->request->query_parameters( \%query );
640 =head2 $self->prepare_read($c)
642 prepare to read from the engine.
647 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
649 # Initialize the amount of data we think we need to read
650 $c->request->_read_length;
653 =head2 $self->prepare_request(@arguments)
655 Populate the context object from the request object.
659 sub prepare_request {
660 my ($self, $ctx, %args) = @_;
661 $ctx->request->_set_env($args{env});
662 $self->_set_env($args{env}); # Nasty back compat!
663 $ctx->response->_set_response_cb($args{response_cb});
666 =head2 $self->prepare_uploads($c)
670 sub prepare_uploads {
671 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
673 my $request = $c->request;
674 return unless $request->_body;
676 my $uploads = $request->_body->upload;
677 my $parameters = $request->parameters;
678 foreach my $name (keys %$uploads) {
679 my $files = $uploads->{$name};
681 for my $upload (ref $files eq 'ARRAY' ? @$files : ($files)) {
682 my $headers = HTTP::Headers->new( %{ $upload->{headers} } );
683 my $u = Catalyst::Request::Upload->new
685 size => $upload->{size},
686 type => scalar $headers->content_type,
688 tempname => $upload->{tempname},
689 filename => $upload->{filename},
693 $request->uploads->{$name} = @uploads > 1 ? \@uploads : $uploads[0];
695 # support access to the filename as a normal param
696 my @filenames = map { $_->{filename} } @uploads;
697 # append, if there's already params with this name
698 if (exists $parameters->{$name}) {
699 if (ref $parameters->{$name} eq 'ARRAY') {
700 push @{ $parameters->{$name} }, @filenames;
703 $parameters->{$name} = [ $parameters->{$name}, @filenames ];
707 $parameters->{$name} = @filenames > 1 ? \@filenames : $filenames[0];
712 =head2 $self->prepare_write($c)
714 Abstract method. Implemented by the engines.
718 sub prepare_write { }
720 =head2 $self->read($c, [$maxlength])
722 Reads from the input stream by calling C<< $self->read_chunk >>.
724 Maintains the read_length and read_position counters as data is read.
729 my ( $self, $c, $maxlength ) = @_;
731 my $request = $c->request;
732 my $remaining = $request->_read_length - $request->_read_position;
733 $maxlength ||= $CHUNKSIZE;
735 # Are we done reading?
736 if ( $remaining <= 0 ) {
737 $self->finalize_read($c);
741 my $readlen = ( $remaining > $maxlength ) ? $maxlength : $remaining;
742 my $rc = $self->read_chunk( $c, my $buffer, $readlen );
744 if (0 == $rc) { # Nothing more to read even though Content-Length
745 # said there should be.
746 $self->finalize_read;
749 my $request = $c->request;
750 $request->_read_position( $request->_read_position + $rc );
754 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
755 message => "Unknown error reading input: $!" );
759 =head2 $self->read_chunk($c, $buffer, $length)
761 Each engine implements read_chunk as its preferred way of reading a chunk
762 of data. Returns the number of bytes read. A return of 0 indicates that
763 there is no more data to be read.
768 my ($self, $ctx) = (shift, shift);
769 return $ctx->request->env->{'psgi.input'}->read(@_);
772 =head2 $self->read_length
774 The length of input data to be read. This is obtained from the Content-Length
777 =head2 $self->read_position
779 The amount of input data that has already been read.
781 =head2 $self->run($app, $server)
783 Start the engine. Builds a PSGI application and calls the
784 run method on the server passed in, which then causes the
785 engine to loop, handling requests..
790 my ($self, $app, $psgi, @args) = @_;
791 # @args left here rather than just a $options, $server for back compat with the
792 # old style scripts which send a few args, then a hashref
794 # They should never actually be used in the normal case as the Plack engine is
795 # passed in got all the 'standard' args via the loader in the script already.
797 # FIXME - we should stash the options in an attribute so that custom args
798 # like Gitalist's --git_dir are possible to get from the app without stupid tricks.
799 my $server = pop @args if (scalar @args && blessed $args[-1]);
800 my $options = pop @args if (scalar @args && ref($args[-1]) eq 'HASH');
801 # Back compat hack for applications with old (non Catalyst::Script) scripts to work in FCGI.
802 if (scalar @args && !ref($args[0])) {
803 if (my $listen = shift @args) {
804 $options->{listen} ||= [$listen];
808 $server = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new(application_name => ref($self))->auto(%$options);
809 # We're not being called from a script, so auto detect what backend to
810 # run on. This should never happen, as mod_perl never calls ->run,
811 # instead the $app->handle method is called per request.
812 $app->log->warn("Not supplied a Plack engine, falling back to engine auto-loader (are your scripts ancient?)")
814 $app->run_options($options);
815 $server->run($psgi, $options);
818 =head2 build_psgi_app ($app, @args)
820 Builds and returns a PSGI application closure, wrapping it in the reverse proxy
821 middleware if the using_frontend_proxy config setting is set.
826 my ($self, $app, @args) = @_;
833 $app->handle_request(env => $env, response_cb => $respond);
838 =head2 $self->write($c, $buffer)
840 Writes the buffer to the client.
845 my ( $self, $c, $buffer ) = @_;
847 my $response = $c->response;
848 unless ( $response->_prepared_write ) {
849 $self->prepare_write($c);
850 $response->_set_prepared_write(1);
853 $buffer = q[] unless defined $buffer;
855 my $len = length($buffer);
856 $c->res->_writer->write($buffer);
861 =head2 $self->unescape_uri($uri)
863 Unescapes a given URI using the most efficient method available. Engines such
864 as Apache may implement this using Apache's C-based modules, for example.
869 my ( $self, $str ) = @_;
871 $str =~ s/(?:%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})|\+)/defined $1 ? chr(hex($1)) : ' '/eg;
876 =head2 $self->finalize_output
878 <obsolete>, see finalize_body
882 Hash containing environment variables including many special variables inserted
883 by WWW server - like SERVER_*, REMOTE_*, HTTP_* ...
885 Before accessing environment variables consider whether the same information is
886 not directly available via Catalyst objects $c->request, $c->engine ...
888 BEWARE: If you really need to access some environment variable from your Catalyst
889 application you should use $c->engine->env->{VARNAME} instead of $ENV{VARNAME},
890 as in some environments the %ENV hash does not contain what you would expect.
894 Catalyst Contributors, see Catalyst.pm
898 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
899 the same terms as Perl itself.