4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
49 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
50 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
51 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
53 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
54 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
57 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
60 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
63 # For backwards compatibility
64 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
69 our $RECURSION = 1000;
70 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
71 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
73 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
74 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
75 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
76 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
77 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
78 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/;
80 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
81 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
82 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
83 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
85 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
87 our $VERSION = '5.90004';
90 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
92 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
94 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
96 my $caller = caller();
97 return if $caller eq 'main';
99 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
100 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
101 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
102 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
104 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
105 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
107 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
108 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
109 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
116 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
120 sub _application { $_[0] }
124 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
128 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
129 documentation and tutorials.
131 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
132 # use the helper to create a new application
135 # add models, views, controllers
136 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
137 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
138 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
140 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
141 # --help to see all available options
142 script/myapp_server.pl
144 # command line testing interface
145 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
148 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
150 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
151 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
152 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
153 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
154 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
156 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
157 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
158 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
159 # do something else after forward returns
163 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
164 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
168 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
169 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
171 # called after all actions are finished
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
175 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
176 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
179 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
183 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
184 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
185 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
186 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
188 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
190 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
191 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
192 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
195 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
197 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
198 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
202 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
205 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
206 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
208 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
210 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
211 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
213 The following flags are supported:
217 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
218 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
219 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
223 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
227 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
228 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
230 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
234 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
236 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
238 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
239 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
240 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
241 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
242 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
244 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
245 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
246 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
247 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
248 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
249 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
250 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
254 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
256 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
260 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
262 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
264 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
265 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
266 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
268 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
272 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
276 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
277 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
281 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
282 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
284 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
285 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
291 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
292 information about the current client request (including parameters,
293 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
295 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
297 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
299 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
301 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
302 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
303 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
304 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
305 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
307 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
310 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
311 $c->forward('index');
312 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
313 $c->forward('View::TT');
315 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
316 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
317 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
318 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
319 need to do something like:
322 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
324 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
327 $c->forward('foo') || return;
329 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
330 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
331 Thus, something like:
335 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
336 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
337 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
340 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
342 and access it from the stash.
344 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
348 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
350 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
352 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
356 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
357 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
359 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
363 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
365 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
367 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
369 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
370 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
371 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
372 you go to are called, just like a new request.
374 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
375 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
376 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
377 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
378 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
379 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
380 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
381 invoked from the callee.
383 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
385 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
386 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
387 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
388 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
389 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
393 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
395 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
397 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
399 The relationship between C<go> and
400 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
401 the relationship between
402 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
403 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
404 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
405 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
406 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
407 does not return to its caller.
409 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
410 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
415 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
421 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
425 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
426 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
427 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
428 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
429 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
430 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
433 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
434 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
435 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
437 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
438 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
442 around stash => sub {
445 my $stash = $orig->($c);
447 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
448 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
449 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
450 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
460 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
462 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
464 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
465 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
466 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
468 my @error = @{ $c->error };
472 $c->error('Something bad happened');
479 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
480 croak @$error unless ref $c;
481 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
483 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
484 return $c->{error} || [];
490 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
491 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
492 values it returns are scalar.
494 =head2 $c->clear_errors
496 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
497 implementing a custom error screen.
499 This is equivalent to running
510 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
512 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
515 # search components given a name and some prefixes
516 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
517 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
518 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
519 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
520 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
522 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
523 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
524 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
526 # undef for a name will return all
527 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
529 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
530 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
532 return @result if @result;
534 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
537 # skip regexp fallback if configured
539 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
543 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
545 # no results? try against full names
547 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
550 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
552 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
553 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
554 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
555 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
556 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
557 my $short = $result[0];
558 # remove the component namespace prefix
559 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
560 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
561 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
562 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
564 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
565 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
566 "component's config";
568 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
569 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
570 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
572 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
578 # Find possible names for a prefix
580 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
581 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
583 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
585 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
586 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
591 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
592 sub _filter_component {
593 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
595 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
596 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
602 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
604 =head2 $c->controller($name)
606 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
608 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
610 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
613 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
615 # find all controllers that start with Foo
616 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
622 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
624 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
626 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
627 my $comps = $c->components;
628 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
629 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
631 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
632 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
633 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
636 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
639 =head2 $c->model($name)
641 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
643 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
645 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
647 If the name is omitted, it will look for
648 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
649 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
650 - a config setting 'default_model', or
651 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
653 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
655 # find all models that start with Foo
656 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
661 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
662 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
664 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
665 my $comps = $c->components;
666 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
667 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
669 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
670 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
671 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
675 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
676 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
677 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
678 if $c->stash->{current_model};
680 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
681 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
683 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
686 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
687 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
688 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
689 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
690 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
693 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
697 =head2 $c->view($name)
699 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
701 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
703 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
705 If the name is omitted, it will look for
706 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
707 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
708 - a config setting 'default_view', or
709 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
711 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
713 # find all views that start with Foo
714 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
719 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
721 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
723 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
724 my $comps = $c->components;
725 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
726 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
727 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
730 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
733 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
734 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
735 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
739 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
740 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
741 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
742 if $c->stash->{current_view};
744 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
745 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
747 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
750 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
751 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
752 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
753 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
754 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
757 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
760 =head2 $c->controllers
762 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
768 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
773 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
779 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
785 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
791 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
794 =head2 $c->comp($name)
796 =head2 $c->component($name)
798 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
799 unless you want to get a specific component by full
800 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
801 should be used instead.
803 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
804 component name will be returned.
806 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
807 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
808 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
810 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
815 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
818 my $comps = $c->components;
821 # is it the exact name?
822 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
823 if exists $comps->{ $name };
825 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
826 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
827 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
828 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
830 # search all of the models, views and controllers
831 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
832 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
836 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
838 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
839 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
841 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
842 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
845 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
846 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
847 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
848 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
851 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
855 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
858 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
862 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
864 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
866 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
867 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
868 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
870 =head3 Cascading configuration
872 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
873 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
874 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
875 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
876 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
877 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
879 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
880 component is constructed.
884 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
885 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
887 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
890 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
896 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
897 on the receiving component to access the config value.
899 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
903 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
909 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
910 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
912 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
913 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
914 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
915 the constructor and use those instead.
919 around config => sub {
923 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
924 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
931 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
932 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
933 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
934 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
936 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
941 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
943 Your log class should implement the methods described in
949 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
951 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
955 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
957 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
959 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
961 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
965 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
967 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
973 =head2 $c->dispatcher
975 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
979 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
982 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
984 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
986 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
987 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
988 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
989 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
993 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
998 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
999 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
1000 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
1001 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
1004 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
1006 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
1007 loads and instantiates the given class.
1009 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
1011 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
1013 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
1014 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
1015 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
1020 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1022 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1023 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
1025 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1027 eval { $plugin->import };
1028 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1030 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1033 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1034 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1037 $class->$name($obj);
1038 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1044 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1045 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1046 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1050 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1055 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1056 croak('Running setup more than once')
1057 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1059 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1061 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1062 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1065 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1066 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1072 foreach (@arguments) {
1076 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1078 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1079 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1082 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1086 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1088 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1089 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1090 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1091 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1092 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1094 $class->setup_engine();
1095 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1097 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1099 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1100 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1103 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1107 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1108 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1109 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1110 You are running an old script!
1112 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1113 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1115 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1116 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1121 if ( $class->debug ) {
1122 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1125 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1126 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1127 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1128 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1131 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1132 my $engine = $class->engine;
1133 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1135 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1136 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1140 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1141 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1142 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1145 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1146 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1148 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1149 local *setup = sub { };
1150 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1153 # Initialize our data structure
1154 $class->components( {} );
1156 $class->setup_components;
1158 if ( $class->debug ) {
1159 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1160 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1161 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1162 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1163 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1165 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1166 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1169 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1170 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1171 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1174 $class->setup_actions;
1176 if ( $class->debug ) {
1177 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1178 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1181 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1182 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1184 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1187 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1189 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1190 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1193 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1194 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1195 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1196 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1197 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1199 $meta->make_immutable(
1200 replace_constructor => 1,
1201 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1204 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1205 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1206 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1209 $class->setup_finalize;
1210 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1211 # setup_finalize can log..
1212 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1213 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1216 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1218 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1219 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1221 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1225 after setup_finalize => sub {
1233 sub setup_finalize {
1235 $class->setup_finished(1);
1238 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1240 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1242 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1243 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1244 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1245 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1246 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1248 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1249 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1250 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1252 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1253 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1254 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1255 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1256 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1258 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1259 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1260 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1261 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1262 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1263 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1266 The captures for the current request can be found in
1267 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1268 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1269 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1271 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1272 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1273 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1275 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1276 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1278 # Path to a static resource
1279 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1284 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1286 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1287 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1292 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1295 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1297 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1298 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1299 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1300 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1303 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1304 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1305 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1306 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1310 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1311 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1312 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1316 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1317 if (not defined $path) {
1318 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1322 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1325 unshift(@args, $path);
1327 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1328 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1329 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1330 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1332 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1335 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1336 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1337 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1339 my $base = $c->req->base;
1340 my $class = ref($base);
1341 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1345 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1346 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1347 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1348 my $val = $params->{$_};
1349 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1352 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1355 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1356 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1357 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1359 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1363 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1367 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1369 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1375 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1377 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1378 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1381 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1384 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1386 For example, if the action looks like:
1388 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1390 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1394 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1396 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1402 sub uri_for_action {
1403 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1404 my $action = blessed($path)
1406 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1407 unless (defined $action) {
1408 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1410 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1413 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1415 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1419 sub welcome_message {
1421 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1422 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1423 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1424 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1426 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1427 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1428 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1430 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1431 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1432 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1433 <style type="text/css">
1436 background-color: #eee;
1443 margin-bottom: 10px;
1445 background-color: #ccc;
1446 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1451 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1454 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1457 text-decoration: none;
1459 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1461 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1474 background-color: #fff;
1475 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1479 font-weight: normal;
1501 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1506 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1508 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1509 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1510 framework will make web development something you had
1511 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1512 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1513 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1514 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1515 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1516 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1517 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1519 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1521 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1522 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1524 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1525 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1526 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1527 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1528 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1529 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1530 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1531 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1532 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1533 you are likely to find what you need there.
1537 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1538 get in touch with us.</p>
1541 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1544 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1547 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1550 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1551 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1552 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1553 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1561 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1563 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1565 =head2 $c->components
1567 Returns a hash of components.
1569 =head2 $c->context_class
1571 Returns or sets the context class.
1575 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1576 deep recursion detection).
1580 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1584 Dispatches a request to actions.
1588 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1590 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1592 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1594 =head2 $c->dump_these
1596 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1597 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1603 [ Request => $c->req ],
1604 [ Response => $c->res ],
1605 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1606 [ Config => $c->config ];
1609 =head2 $c->engine_class
1611 Returns or sets the engine class.
1613 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1615 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1621 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1622 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1625 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1626 my $action = $code->reverse();
1627 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1628 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1629 $c->log->error($error);
1635 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1637 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1639 no warnings 'recursion';
1640 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1641 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1642 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1644 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1646 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1648 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1649 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1650 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1652 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1653 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1656 unless ( ref $error ) {
1657 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1659 my $class = $last->class;
1660 my $name = $last->name;
1661 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1670 sub _stats_start_execute {
1671 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1672 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1673 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1674 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1676 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1677 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1679 my $action = $action_name;
1680 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1682 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1683 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1684 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1686 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1688 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1689 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1691 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1692 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1693 $action = "-> $action";
1698 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1700 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1701 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1702 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1704 # forward, locate the caller
1705 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1708 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1714 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1733 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1734 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1735 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1740 Finalizes the request.
1747 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1748 $c->log->error($error);
1751 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1752 my $engine = $c->engine;
1753 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1758 $c->finalize_uploads;
1761 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1765 $c->finalize_headers;
1768 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1769 $c->response->body('');
1777 if ($c->use_stats) {
1778 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1779 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1781 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1784 return $c->response->status;
1787 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1793 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1795 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1801 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1803 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1809 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1811 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1817 sub finalize_headers {
1820 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1822 # Check if we already finalized headers
1823 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1826 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1827 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1828 $response->header( Location => $location );
1830 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1831 # Add a default body if none is already present
1832 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1833 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1834 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1836 <title>Moved</title>
1839 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1843 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1848 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1850 # get the length from a filehandle
1851 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1853 my $size = -s $response->body;
1855 $response->content_length( $size );
1858 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1862 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1863 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1868 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1869 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1870 $response->body('');
1873 $c->finalize_cookies;
1875 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1878 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1881 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1883 An alias for finalize_body.
1885 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1887 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1891 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1893 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1895 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1899 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1901 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1903 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1907 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1909 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1911 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1916 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1918 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1920 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1924 sub handle_request {
1925 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1927 # Always expect worst case!
1930 if ($class->debug) {
1931 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1932 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1933 my $time = localtime time;
1934 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1937 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1939 $status = $c->finalize;
1942 chomp(my $error = $_);
1943 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1948 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1949 $class->log->$coderef();
1954 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1956 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1962 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1965 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1966 # into the application.
1967 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1969 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1971 # For on-demand data
1972 $c->request->_context($c);
1973 $c->response->_context($c);
1975 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1976 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1977 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1978 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1982 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1983 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1984 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1987 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1988 $c->prepare_connection;
1989 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1990 $c->prepare_headers;
1991 $c->prepare_cookies;
1994 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1995 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1998 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1999 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2004 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
2006 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2007 $c->response->status(400);
2008 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2009 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2014 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
2015 my $path = $c->req->path;
2016 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2017 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2026 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2028 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2032 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2034 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2036 Prepares message body.
2043 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2045 # Initialize on-demand data
2046 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2047 $c->prepare_parameters;
2048 $c->prepare_uploads;
2051 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2053 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2055 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2059 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2061 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2064 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2066 Prepares body parameters.
2070 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2072 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2075 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2077 Prepares connection.
2081 sub prepare_connection {
2083 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2086 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2092 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2094 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2100 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2102 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2104 Prepares parameters.
2108 sub prepare_parameters {
2110 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2111 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2114 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2116 Prepares path and base.
2120 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2122 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2124 Prepares query parameters.
2128 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2131 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2134 =head2 $c->log_request
2136 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2140 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2142 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2144 =item * Request parameters
2146 =item * File uploads
2155 return unless $c->debug;
2157 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2158 my $request = $dump->[1];
2160 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2162 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2164 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2166 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2168 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2169 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2172 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2174 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2177 =head2 $c->log_response
2179 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2180 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2187 return unless $c->debug;
2189 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2190 my $response = $dump->[1];
2192 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2193 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2196 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2198 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2202 =item * Response status code
2204 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2206 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2212 sub log_response_status_line {
2213 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2217 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2218 $response->status || 'unknown',
2219 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2220 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2225 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2227 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2228 No-op in the default implementation.
2232 sub log_response_headers {}
2234 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2236 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2240 sub log_request_parameters {
2242 my %all_params = @_;
2244 return unless $c->debug;
2246 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2247 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2248 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2249 next if ! keys %$params;
2250 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2251 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2252 my $param = $params->{$key};
2253 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2254 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2256 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2260 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2262 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2263 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2268 sub log_request_uploads {
2270 my $request = shift;
2271 return unless $c->debug;
2272 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2273 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2274 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2275 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2280 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2281 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2282 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2283 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2286 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2290 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2292 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2293 No-op in the default implementation.
2297 sub log_request_headers {}
2299 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2301 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2308 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2310 return unless $c->debug;
2312 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2313 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2316 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2317 $t->row( $name, $value );
2320 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2324 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2326 Prepares the input for reading.
2330 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2332 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2334 Prepares the engine request.
2338 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2340 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2346 sub prepare_uploads {
2349 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2352 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2354 Prepares the output for writing.
2358 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2360 =head2 $c->request_class
2362 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2364 =head2 $c->response_class
2366 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2368 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2370 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2371 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2372 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2374 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2377 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2378 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2379 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2383 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2393 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2394 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2395 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2398 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2400 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2404 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2406 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2408 Sets up actions for a component.
2412 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2414 =head2 $c->setup_components
2416 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2418 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2419 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2420 each component into the application.
2422 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2424 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2429 sub setup_components {
2432 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2434 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2435 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2437 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2438 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2439 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2440 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2442 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2444 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2445 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2446 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2448 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2451 for my $component (@comps) {
2452 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2453 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2454 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2455 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2456 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2457 next if $comps{$component};
2458 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2463 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2465 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2466 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2468 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2469 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2470 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2471 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2475 sub locate_components {
2479 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2480 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2482 push @paths, @$extra;
2484 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2485 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2489 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2490 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2495 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2497 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2498 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2502 sub expand_component_module {
2503 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2504 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2507 =head2 $c->setup_component
2511 sub setup_component {
2512 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2514 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2518 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2519 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2520 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2521 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2522 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2523 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2525 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2527 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2529 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2530 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2534 unless (blessed $instance) {
2535 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2536 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2537 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2538 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2539 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2541 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2547 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2553 sub setup_dispatcher {
2554 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2557 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2560 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2561 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2564 unless ($dispatcher) {
2565 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2568 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2570 # dispatcher instance
2571 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2574 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2581 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2583 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2584 $class->engine_loader(
2585 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2586 application_name => $class,
2587 (defined $requested_engine
2588 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2593 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2597 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2600 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2602 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2603 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2604 application_name => $class,
2605 (defined $requested_engine
2606 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2609 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2612 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2615 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2616 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2618 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2620 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2621 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2623 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2624 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2625 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2626 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2628 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2630 my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app;
2631 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2634 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2637 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2642 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2645 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2646 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2647 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2650 return $app->_psgi_app;
2653 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2656 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2657 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2658 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2661 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2663 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2664 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2665 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2666 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2667 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2669 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2670 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2671 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2674 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2677 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2679 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2680 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2684 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2687 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2689 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2690 useful and commonly needed:
2692 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2693 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2694 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2695 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2696 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2698 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2699 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2705 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2706 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2708 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2710 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2713 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2714 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2715 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2719 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2720 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2721 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2723 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2724 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2726 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2733 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2734 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2735 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2737 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2738 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2744 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2747 =head2 $c->setup_home
2749 Sets up the home directory.
2754 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2756 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2760 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2763 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2764 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2765 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2769 =head2 $c->setup_log
2771 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2772 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2775 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2776 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2777 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2779 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2780 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2781 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2786 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2789 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2790 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2791 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2793 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2794 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2795 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2796 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2799 unless ( $class->log ) {
2800 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2803 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2804 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2805 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2809 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2815 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2817 Sets up timing statistics class.
2822 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2824 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2826 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2827 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2828 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2829 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2834 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2836 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2837 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2839 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2840 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2841 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2843 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2851 sub registered_plugins {
2853 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2855 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2856 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2859 sub _register_plugin {
2860 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2861 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2863 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2864 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2865 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2866 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2868 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2869 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2875 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2877 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2878 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2881 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2882 $class . '::Plugin',
2883 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2889 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2890 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2891 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2892 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2894 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2898 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2899 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2900 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2903 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2911 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2912 currently executing).
2916 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2917 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2918 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2920 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2921 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2922 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2925 =head2 $c->stats_class
2927 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2929 =head2 $c->use_stats
2931 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2933 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2934 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2941 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2943 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2944 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2945 your output data, if known.
2952 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2953 $c->finalize_headers;
2955 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2960 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2961 messages in template systems.
2965 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2967 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2969 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2975 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2979 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2983 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2984 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2985 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2986 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2987 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2991 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2992 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2993 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2997 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
3001 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3006 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3007 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3008 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3012 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3013 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3014 templates to a different directory.
3018 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3019 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3020 C<< $c->components >>).
3024 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3025 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3029 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3030 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3032 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3033 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3034 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3036 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3037 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3041 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3043 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3044 The path is synthesised from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3045 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3046 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3048 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3049 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3050 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3051 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3053 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3055 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3056 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3057 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3059 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3060 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3061 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3063 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3064 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3065 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3066 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3067 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3073 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3077 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3079 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3080 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3081 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3083 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3085 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3087 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3088 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3089 parsing with a config parameter.
3091 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3093 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3095 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3096 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3097 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3098 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3099 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3100 virtual host that the user connected through.
3102 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3103 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3104 changes are made to the request.
3106 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3107 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3109 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3110 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3112 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3113 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3114 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3115 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3116 be created properly.
3118 In the case of passing in:
3120 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3122 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3124 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3126 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3127 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3128 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3131 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3133 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3135 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3137 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3139 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3140 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3141 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3143 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3144 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3145 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3151 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3155 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3156 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3160 http://catalyst.perl.org
3164 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3168 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3170 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3172 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3174 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3176 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3178 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3180 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3182 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3184 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3186 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3192 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3194 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3198 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3202 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3204 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3206 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3208 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3210 chansen: Christian Hansen
3212 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3214 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3216 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3218 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3220 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3224 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3226 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3230 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3232 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3234 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3236 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3238 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3242 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3246 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3248 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3250 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3252 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3254 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3256 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3262 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3264 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3266 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3268 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3270 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3272 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3274 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3278 naughton: David Naughton
3280 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3282 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3284 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3290 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3292 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3294 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3296 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3298 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3300 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3302 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3306 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3308 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3312 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3314 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3316 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3318 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3320 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3322 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3324 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3328 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3332 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3333 the same terms as Perl itself.
3339 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;