4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
37 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
54 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
57 # For backwards compatibility
58 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
63 our $RECURSION = 1000;
64 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
65 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
67 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
68 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
69 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
70 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
71 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
74 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
75 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
76 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
77 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
78 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
80 # This is here as but we need to be able to call# C::C->action_class, which
81 # calls the ->_action_class attribute's accessor to get the default action
82 # class for this controller. As the app class is also a controller (eww, warns)
83 # but we don't have an instance (just the component name) in the registery,
84 # we override _action_class here so that $class->_action_class doesn't explode
85 # (so it becomes class data rather than instance data for this one special case).
86 # This is a gross back compat hack which can go away for app/ctx split.
87 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata(qw/ _action_class /);
88 __PACKAGE__->_action_class('Catalyst::Action');
90 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
91 our $VERSION = '5.80024';
94 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
96 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
98 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
100 my $caller = caller();
101 return if $caller eq 'main';
103 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
104 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
105 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
106 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
108 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
109 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
111 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
115 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
119 sub _application { $_[0] }
123 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
127 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
128 documentation and tutorials.
130 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
131 # use the helper to create a new application
134 # add models, views, controllers
135 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
136 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
137 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
139 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
140 # --help to see all available options
141 script/myapp_server.pl
143 # command line testing interface
144 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
147 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
149 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
150 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
151 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
152 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
153 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
155 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
156 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
157 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
158 # do something else after forward returns
162 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
163 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
167 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
168 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
170 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
172 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
173 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
174 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
175 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
177 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
180 # called after all actions are finished
182 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
183 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
184 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
185 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
188 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
189 # called for /foo/bar
190 sub bar : Local { ... }
192 # called for /blargle
193 sub blargle : Global { ... }
195 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
196 sub index : Private { ... }
198 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
199 # called for /foo/bar/baz
200 sub baz : Local { ... }
202 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
203 sub auto : Private { ... }
205 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
206 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
207 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
208 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
209 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
212 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
216 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
217 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
218 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
219 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
221 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
223 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
224 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
225 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
228 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
230 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
231 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
235 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
238 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
239 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
241 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
243 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
244 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
246 The following flags are supported:
250 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
251 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
252 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
255 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
256 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
260 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
261 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
263 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
267 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
269 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
271 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
272 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
273 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
274 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
275 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
277 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
278 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
279 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
280 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
281 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
282 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
283 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
287 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
289 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
293 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
295 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
297 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
298 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
299 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
301 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
305 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
309 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
310 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
314 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
315 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
317 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
318 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
324 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
325 information about the current client request (including parameters,
326 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
328 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
330 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
332 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
334 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
335 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
336 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
337 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
338 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
340 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
343 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
344 $c->forward('index');
345 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
346 $c->forward('View::TT');
348 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
349 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
350 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
351 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
352 need to do something like:
355 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
357 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
360 $c->forward('foo') || return;
362 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
363 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
364 Thus, something like:
368 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
369 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
370 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
373 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
375 and access it from the stash.
379 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
381 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
383 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
387 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
388 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
390 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
394 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
396 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
400 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
401 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
402 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
403 you go to are called, just like a new request.
405 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
406 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
407 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
408 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
409 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
410 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
411 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
412 invoked from the callee.
414 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
416 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
417 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
418 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
419 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
420 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
424 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
426 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
428 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
430 The relationship between C<go> and
431 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
432 the relationship between
433 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
434 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
435 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
436 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
437 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
438 does not return to its caller.
442 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
448 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
452 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
453 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
454 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
455 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
456 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
457 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
460 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
461 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
462 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
464 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
465 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
469 around stash => sub {
472 my $stash = $orig->($c);
474 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
475 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
476 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
477 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
487 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
489 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
491 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
492 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
493 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
495 my @error = @{ $c->error };
499 $c->error('Something bad happened');
506 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
507 croak @$error unless ref $c;
508 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
510 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
511 return $c->{error} || [];
517 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
518 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
519 values it returns are scalar.
521 =head2 $c->clear_errors
523 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
524 implementing a custom error screen.
526 This is equivalent to running
537 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
539 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
542 # search components given a name and some prefixes
543 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
544 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
545 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
546 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
547 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
549 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
550 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
551 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
553 # undef for a name will return all
554 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
556 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
557 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
559 return @result if @result;
561 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
564 # skip regexp fallback if configured
566 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
570 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
572 # no results? try against full names
574 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
577 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
579 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
580 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
581 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
582 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
583 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
584 my $short = $result[0];
585 # remove the component namespace prefix
586 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
587 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
588 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
589 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
591 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
592 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
593 "component's config";
595 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
596 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
597 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
599 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
605 # Find possible names for a prefix
607 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
608 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
610 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
612 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
613 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
618 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
619 sub _filter_component {
620 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
622 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
623 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
629 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
631 =head2 $c->controller($name)
633 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
635 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
637 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
640 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
642 # find all controllers that start with Foo
643 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
649 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
651 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
653 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
654 my $comps = $c->components;
655 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
656 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
658 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
659 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
660 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
663 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
666 =head2 $c->model($name)
668 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
670 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
672 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
674 If the name is omitted, it will look for
675 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
676 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
677 - a config setting 'default_model', or
678 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
680 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
682 # find all models that start with Foo
683 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
688 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
689 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
691 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
692 my $comps = $c->components;
693 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
694 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
696 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
697 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
698 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
702 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
703 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
704 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
705 if $c->stash->{current_model};
707 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
708 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
710 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
713 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
714 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
715 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
716 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
717 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
720 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
724 =head2 $c->view($name)
726 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
728 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
730 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
732 If the name is omitted, it will look for
733 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
734 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
735 - a config setting 'default_view', or
736 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
738 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
740 # find all views that start with Foo
741 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
746 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
748 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
750 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
751 my $comps = $c->components;
752 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
753 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
755 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
756 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
757 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
761 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
762 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
763 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
764 if $c->stash->{current_view};
766 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
767 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
769 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
772 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
773 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
774 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
775 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
776 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
779 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
782 =head2 $c->controllers
784 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
790 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
795 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
801 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
807 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
813 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
816 =head2 $c->comp($name)
818 =head2 $c->component($name)
820 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
821 unless you want to get a specific component by full
822 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
823 should be used instead.
825 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
826 component name will be returned.
828 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
829 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
830 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
832 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
837 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
840 my $comps = $c->components;
843 # is it the exact name?
844 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
845 if exists $comps->{ $name };
847 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
848 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
849 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
850 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
852 # search all of the models, views and controllers
853 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
854 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
857 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
858 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
860 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
861 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
864 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
865 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
866 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
867 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
870 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
874 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
877 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
881 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
883 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
885 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
886 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
887 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
889 =head3 Cascading configuration
891 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
892 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
893 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
894 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
895 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
896 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
898 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
899 component is constructed.
903 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
904 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', 'overrides => 'this' });
906 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
909 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
917 around config => sub {
921 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
922 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
929 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
930 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
931 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
932 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
934 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
939 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
941 Your log class should implement the methods described in
947 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
949 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
953 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
955 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
957 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
959 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
963 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
965 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
971 =head2 $c->dispatcher
973 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
977 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
980 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
982 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
984 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
985 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
986 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
987 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
991 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
996 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
997 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
998 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
999 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
1002 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
1004 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
1005 loads and instantiates the given class.
1007 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
1009 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
1011 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
1012 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
1013 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
1018 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1020 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1021 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
1023 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1025 eval { $plugin->import };
1026 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1028 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1031 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1032 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1035 $class->$name($obj);
1036 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1042 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1043 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1044 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1048 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1053 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1054 croak('Running setup more than once')
1055 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1057 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1059 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1060 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1063 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1064 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1070 foreach (@arguments) {
1074 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1076 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1077 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1080 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1084 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1086 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1087 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1088 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1089 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
1090 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1092 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1094 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1095 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1098 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1102 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1103 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1104 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1105 You are running an old script!
1107 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1108 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1110 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1111 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1116 if ( $class->debug ) {
1117 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1120 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1121 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1122 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1123 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1126 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1127 my $engine = $class->engine;
1128 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1130 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1131 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1135 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1136 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1137 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1140 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1141 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1143 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1144 local *setup = sub { };
1145 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1148 # Initialize our data structure
1149 $class->components( {} );
1151 $class->setup_components;
1153 if ( $class->debug ) {
1154 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1155 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1156 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1157 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1158 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1160 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1161 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1164 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1165 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1166 $class->components->{$class} = $class; # HATEFUL SPECIAL CASE
1169 $class->setup_actions;
1171 if ( $class->debug ) {
1172 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1173 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1176 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1177 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1179 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1182 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1184 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1185 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1188 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1189 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1190 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1191 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1192 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1194 $meta->make_immutable(
1195 replace_constructor => 1,
1196 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1199 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1200 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1201 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1204 $class->setup_finalize;
1205 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1206 # setup_finalize can log..
1207 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1208 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1211 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1213 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1214 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1216 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky thingsdone for plugin setup.
1220 after setup_finalize => sub {
1228 sub setup_finalize {
1230 $class->setup_finished(1);
1233 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1235 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1237 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1238 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1239 When used as a string, provides a textual URI.
1241 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1242 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1243 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1245 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1246 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1247 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1248 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1249 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1251 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1252 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1253 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1254 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1255 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1256 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1259 The captures for the current request can be found in
1260 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1261 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1262 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1264 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1265 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1266 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1268 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1269 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1271 # Path to a static resource
1272 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1277 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1279 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1280 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1285 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1288 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1290 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1291 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1292 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1293 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1296 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1297 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1298 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1299 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1303 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1304 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1305 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1309 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1310 if (not defined $path) {
1311 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1315 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1318 unshift(@args, $path);
1320 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1321 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1322 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1323 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1325 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1328 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1329 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1330 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1332 my $base = $c->req->base;
1333 my $class = ref($base);
1334 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1338 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1339 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1340 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1341 my $val = $params->{$_};
1342 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1345 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1348 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1349 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1350 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1352 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1356 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1360 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1362 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1368 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1370 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1371 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1374 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1377 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1379 For example, if the action looks like:
1381 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1383 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1387 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1389 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1395 sub uri_for_action {
1396 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1397 my $action = blessed($path)
1399 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1400 unless (defined $action) {
1401 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1403 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1406 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1408 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1412 sub welcome_message {
1414 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1415 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1416 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1417 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1419 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1420 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1421 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1423 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1424 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1425 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1426 <style type="text/css">
1429 background-color: #eee;
1436 margin-bottom: 10px;
1438 background-color: #ccc;
1439 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1444 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1447 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1450 text-decoration: none;
1452 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1454 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1467 background-color: #fff;
1468 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1472 font-weight: normal;
1494 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1499 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1501 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1502 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1503 framework will make web development something you had
1504 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1505 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1506 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1507 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1508 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1509 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1510 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1512 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1514 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1515 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1517 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1518 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1519 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1520 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1521 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1522 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1523 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1524 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1525 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1526 you are likely to find what you need there.
1530 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1531 get in touch with us.</p>
1534 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1537 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1540 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1543 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1544 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1545 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1546 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1554 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1556 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1558 =head2 $c->components
1560 Returns a hash of components.
1562 =head2 $c->context_class
1564 Returns or sets the context class.
1568 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1569 deep recursion detection).
1573 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1577 Dispatches a request to actions.
1581 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1583 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1585 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1587 =head2 $c->dump_these
1589 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1590 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1596 [ Request => $c->req ],
1597 [ Response => $c->res ],
1598 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1599 [ Config => $c->config ];
1602 =head2 $c->engine_class
1604 Returns or sets the engine class.
1606 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1608 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1614 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1615 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1618 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1619 my $action = $code->reverse();
1620 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1621 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1622 $c->log->error($error);
1628 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1630 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1632 no warnings 'recursion';
1633 eval { $c->state( $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1635 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1637 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1639 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1640 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1641 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1643 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1644 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1647 unless ( ref $error ) {
1648 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1650 my $class = $last->class;
1651 my $name = $last->name;
1652 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1661 sub _stats_start_execute {
1662 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1663 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1664 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1665 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1667 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1668 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1670 my $action = $action_name;
1671 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1673 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1674 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1675 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1677 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1679 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1680 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1682 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1683 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1684 $action = "-> $action";
1689 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1691 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1692 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1693 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1695 # forward, locate the caller
1696 if ( exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1699 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1705 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1724 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1725 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1726 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1731 Finalizes the request.
1738 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1739 $c->log->error($error);
1742 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1743 my $engine = $c->engine;
1744 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1749 $c->finalize_uploads;
1752 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1756 $c->finalize_headers;
1759 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1760 $c->response->body('');
1768 if ($c->use_stats) {
1769 my $elapsed = $c->stats->elapsed;
1770 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1772 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1775 return $c->response->status;
1778 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1784 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1786 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1792 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1794 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1800 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1802 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1808 sub finalize_headers {
1811 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1813 # Check if we already finalized headers
1814 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1817 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1818 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1819 $response->header( Location => $location );
1821 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1822 # Add a default body if none is already present
1824 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1830 if ( $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1832 # get the length from a filehandle
1833 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') )
1835 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1836 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1837 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1840 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1844 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1845 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1850 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1851 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1852 $response->body('');
1855 $c->finalize_cookies;
1857 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1860 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1863 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1865 An alias for finalize_body.
1867 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1869 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1873 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1875 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1877 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1881 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1883 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1885 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1889 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1891 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1893 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1898 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1900 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1902 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1906 sub handle_request {
1907 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1909 # Always expect worst case!
1912 if ($class->debug) {
1913 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1914 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1915 my $time = localtime time;
1916 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1919 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1921 $status = $c->finalize;
1924 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1926 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1931 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1932 $class->log->$coderef();
1937 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1939 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1945 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1948 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1949 # into the application.
1950 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1952 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1954 # For on-demand data
1955 $c->request->_context($c);
1956 $c->response->_context($c);
1958 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1959 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1960 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1961 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1964 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1965 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1966 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1967 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1970 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1971 $c->prepare_connection;
1972 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1973 $c->prepare_headers;
1974 $c->prepare_cookies;
1977 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1978 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1981 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1982 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1987 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1988 my $path = $c->req->path;
1989 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1990 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1999 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2001 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2005 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2007 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2009 Prepares message body.
2016 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2018 # Initialize on-demand data
2019 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2020 $c->prepare_parameters;
2021 $c->prepare_uploads;
2024 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2026 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2028 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2032 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2034 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2037 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2039 Prepares body parameters.
2043 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2045 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2048 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2050 Prepares connection.
2054 sub prepare_connection {
2056 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2059 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2065 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2067 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2073 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2075 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2077 Prepares parameters.
2081 sub prepare_parameters {
2083 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2084 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2087 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2089 Prepares path and base.
2093 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2095 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2097 Prepares query parameters.
2101 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2104 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2107 =head2 $c->log_request
2109 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2113 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2115 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2117 =item * Request parameters
2119 =item * File uploads
2128 return unless $c->debug;
2130 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2131 my $request = $dump->[1];
2133 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2135 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2137 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2139 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2141 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2142 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2145 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, body => $request->body_parameters );
2147 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2150 =head2 $c->log_response
2152 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2153 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2160 return unless $c->debug;
2162 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2163 my $response = $dump->[1];
2165 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2166 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2169 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2171 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2175 =item * Response status code
2177 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2179 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2185 sub log_response_status_line {
2186 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2190 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2191 $response->status || 'unknown',
2192 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2193 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2198 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2200 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2201 No-op in the default implementation.
2205 sub log_response_headers {}
2207 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2209 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2213 sub log_request_parameters {
2215 my %all_params = @_;
2217 return unless $c->debug;
2219 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2220 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2221 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2222 next if ! keys %$params;
2223 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2224 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2225 my $param = $params->{$key};
2226 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2227 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2229 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2233 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2235 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2236 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2241 sub log_request_uploads {
2243 my $request = shift;
2244 return unless $c->debug;
2245 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2246 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2247 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2248 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2253 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2254 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2255 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2256 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2259 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2263 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2265 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2266 No-op in the default implementation.
2270 sub log_request_headers {}
2272 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2274 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2281 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2283 return unless $c->debug;
2285 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2286 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2289 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2290 $t->row( $name, $value );
2293 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2297 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2299 Prepares the input for reading.
2303 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2305 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2307 Prepares the engine request.
2311 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2313 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2319 sub prepare_uploads {
2322 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2325 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2327 Prepares the output for writing.
2331 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2333 =head2 $c->request_class
2335 Returns or sets the request class.
2337 =head2 $c->response_class
2339 Returns or sets the response class.
2341 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2343 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2344 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2345 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2347 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2350 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2351 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2352 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2356 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2364 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2366 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2368 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2372 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2374 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2376 Sets up actions for a component.
2380 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2382 =head2 $c->setup_components
2384 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2386 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2387 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2388 each component into the application.
2390 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2392 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2397 sub setup_components {
2400 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2402 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b }
2403 $class->locate_components($config);
2404 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2406 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2407 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2408 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2409 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2411 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2413 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2414 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2415 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2417 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2420 for my $component (@comps) {
2421 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2422 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2423 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2424 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2425 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2426 next if $comps{$component};
2427 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2432 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2434 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2435 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2437 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2438 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2439 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2440 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2444 sub locate_components {
2448 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2449 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2451 push @paths, @$extra;
2453 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2454 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2458 my @comps = $locator->plugins;
2463 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2465 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2466 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2470 sub expand_component_module {
2471 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2472 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2475 =head2 $c->setup_component
2479 sub setup_component {
2480 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2482 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2486 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2487 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2488 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2489 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2490 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2491 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2493 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2495 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2497 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2498 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2502 unless (blessed $instance) {
2503 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2504 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2505 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2506 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2507 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2509 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2515 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2521 sub setup_dispatcher {
2522 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2525 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2528 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2529 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2532 unless ($dispatcher) {
2533 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2536 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2538 # dispatcher instance
2539 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2542 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2549 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2552 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2555 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2556 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2559 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2560 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2562 # create the apache method
2563 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2565 my ( $software, $version ) =
2566 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2569 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2571 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2575 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2576 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2579 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2580 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2583 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2584 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2588 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2589 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2594 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2595 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2596 *handler = sub : method {
2597 shift->handle_request(@_);
2601 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2606 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2607 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2611 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2612 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2617 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2620 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2622 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2624 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2625 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2630 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2631 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2636 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2637 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2642 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2643 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2649 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2650 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2655 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2658 =head2 $c->setup_home
2660 Sets up the home directory.
2665 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2667 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2671 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2674 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2675 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2676 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2680 =head2 $c->setup_log
2682 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2683 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2686 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2687 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2688 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2690 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2691 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2692 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2697 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2700 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2701 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2702 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2704 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2705 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2706 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2707 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2710 unless ( $class->log ) {
2711 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2714 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2715 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2716 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2720 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2726 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2728 Sets up timing statistics class.
2733 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2735 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2737 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2738 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2739 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2740 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2745 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2747 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2748 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2750 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2751 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2752 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2754 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2762 sub registered_plugins {
2764 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2766 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2767 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2770 sub _register_plugin {
2771 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2772 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2774 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2775 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is decated and will not work in 5.81" )
2776 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2777 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2779 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2780 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2786 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2788 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2789 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2792 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2793 $class . '::Plugin',
2794 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2800 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2801 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2802 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2803 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2805 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2809 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2810 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2811 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2814 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2822 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2823 currently executing).
2827 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2828 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2829 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2831 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2832 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2833 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2836 =head2 $c->stats_class
2838 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2840 =head2 $c->use_stats
2842 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2844 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2845 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2852 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2854 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2855 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2856 your output data, if known.
2863 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2864 $c->finalize_headers;
2866 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2871 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2872 messages in template systems.
2876 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2878 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2880 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2886 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2890 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2894 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2895 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2896 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2897 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2898 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2902 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2903 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2904 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2908 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2912 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2917 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2918 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2919 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2923 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2924 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2925 templates to a different directory.
2929 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2930 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2931 C<< $c->components >>).
2935 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2936 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2940 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2941 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
2942 for more information.
2946 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2950 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2952 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2953 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2954 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2956 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2958 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2960 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2961 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2962 parsing with a config parameter.
2964 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2966 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2968 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2969 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2970 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2971 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2972 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2973 virtual host that the user connected through.
2975 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2976 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2977 changes are made to the request.
2979 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2980 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2982 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2983 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2985 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2986 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2987 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2988 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
2989 be created properly.
2991 In the case of passing in:
2993 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
2995 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
2997 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2999 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3000 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3001 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3004 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3006 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3008 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3010 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3012 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3013 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3014 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3016 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3017 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3018 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3024 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3028 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3029 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3033 http://catalyst.perl.org
3037 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3041 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3043 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3045 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3047 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3049 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3051 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3053 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3055 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3057 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3059 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3065 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3067 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3071 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3075 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3077 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3079 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3081 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3083 chansen: Christian Hansen
3085 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3087 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3089 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3091 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3093 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3097 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3099 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3103 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3105 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3107 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3109 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3111 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3115 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3119 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3121 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3123 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3125 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3127 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3129 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3135 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3137 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3139 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3141 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3143 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3145 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3147 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3151 naughton: David Naughton
3153 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3155 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3157 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3163 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3165 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3167 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3169 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3171 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3173 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3175 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3179 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3181 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3185 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3187 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3189 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3191 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3193 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3197 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3198 the same terms as Perl itself.
3204 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;