4 use base 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
10 use Catalyst::Response;
12 use Catalyst::Controller;
13 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
15 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
17 use Text::SimpleTable ();
18 use Path::Class::Dir ();
19 use Path::Class::File ();
20 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
22 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
23 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
24 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
31 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
32 qw/counter request response state action stack namespace stats/
35 attributes->import( __PACKAGE__, \&namespace, 'lvalue' );
37 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
44 # For backwards compatibility
45 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
50 our $RECURSION = 1000;
51 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
53 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
54 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
55 engine_class context_class request_class response_class setup_finished/;
57 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
58 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
59 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
60 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
62 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
64 our $VERSION = '5.7006';
67 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
69 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
71 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
73 my $caller = caller(0);
75 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
77 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller';
80 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
86 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
90 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
91 # use the helper to create a new application
94 # add models, views, controllers
95 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
96 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
97 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
99 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
100 # --help to see all available options
101 script/myapp_server.pl
103 # command line testing interface
104 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
107 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
109 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
110 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
111 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
112 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
113 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
115 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
116 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
117 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
118 # do something else after forward returns
122 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
123 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
127 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
128 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
130 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
132 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
133 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
134 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
135 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
137 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
140 # called after all actions are finished
142 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
143 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
144 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
145 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
148 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
149 # called for /foo/bar
150 sub bar : Local { ... }
152 # called for /blargle
153 sub blargle : Global { ... }
155 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
156 sub index : Private { ... }
158 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
159 # called for /foo/bar/baz
160 sub baz : Local { ... }
162 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
163 sub auto : Private { ... }
165 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
166 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
167 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
168 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
169 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
172 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
176 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
177 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
178 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
179 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
181 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
183 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
184 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
185 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
188 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
190 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
191 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
195 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
198 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
199 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
201 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
203 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
204 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
206 The following flags are supported:
210 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
211 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
212 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
217 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
218 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
220 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
224 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
226 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
228 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
229 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
230 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
231 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
232 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
240 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
244 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
245 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
249 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
250 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
252 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
253 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
259 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
260 information about the current client request (including parameters,
261 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
263 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
265 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
267 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
269 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
270 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
271 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
272 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
273 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
275 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
278 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
279 $c->forward('index');
280 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
281 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
283 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
284 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
285 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
288 die $c->error if $c->error;
290 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
293 $c->forward('foo') || return;
297 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
299 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
301 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
305 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
306 processing is finished.
308 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
312 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
318 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
322 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
323 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
324 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
325 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
326 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
327 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
330 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
331 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
332 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
334 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
335 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
342 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
343 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
344 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
345 $c->{stash}->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
353 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
355 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
357 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
358 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
359 method should not be used to store non-fatal error messages.
361 my @error = @{ $c->error };
365 $c->error('Something bad happened');
372 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
373 croak @$error unless ref $c;
374 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
376 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
377 return $c->{error} || [];
383 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
385 =head2 $c->clear_errors
387 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
388 implementing a custom error screen.
390 This is equivalent to running
404 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
406 foreach my $name (@names) {
407 foreach my $component ( keys %{ $c->components } ) {
408 return $c->components->{$component} if $component =~ /$name/i;
415 # try explicit component names
417 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
419 foreach my $try (@names) {
420 return $c->components->{$try} if ( exists $c->components->{$try} );
426 # like component, but try just these prefixes before regex searching,
427 # and do not try to return "sort keys %{ $c->components }"
429 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
431 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
433 my @names = map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } @prefixes;
435 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
436 return $comp if defined($comp);
437 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
441 # Find possible names for a prefix
444 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
446 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
448 my @pre = map { "${appclass}::${_}::" } @prefixes;
452 COMPONENT: foreach my $comp ($c->component) {
453 foreach my $p (@pre) {
454 if ($comp =~ s/^$p//) {
464 # Return a component if only one matches.
466 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
468 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
470 my ( $comp, $rest ) =
471 map { $c->_comp_search("^${appclass}::${_}::") } @prefixes;
472 return $comp unless $rest;
475 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
476 sub _filter_component {
477 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
478 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
479 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
481 else { return $comp }
484 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
486 =head2 $c->controller($name)
488 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
490 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
492 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
498 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
499 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ ),
502 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
505 =head2 $c->model($name)
507 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
509 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
511 If the name is omitted, it will look for
512 - a model object in $c->stash{current_model_instance}, then
513 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
514 - a config setting 'default_model', or
515 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
520 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
521 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ ),
525 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
526 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
527 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
528 if $c->stash->{current_model};
529 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
530 if $c->config->{default_model};
532 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/Model M/), @args );
536 =head2 $c->controllers
538 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
544 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
548 =head2 $c->view($name)
550 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
552 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
554 If the name is omitted, it will look for
555 - a view object in $c->stash{current_view_instance}, then
556 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
557 - a config setting 'default_view', or
558 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
563 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
564 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ ),
568 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
569 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
570 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
571 if $c->stash->{current_view};
572 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
573 if $c->config->{default_view};
575 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/View V/) );
580 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
586 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
592 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
598 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
601 =head2 $c->comp($name)
603 =head2 $c->component($name)
605 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
606 unless you want to get a specific component by full
607 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
608 should be used instead.
619 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
622 $name, "${appclass}::${name}",
623 map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" }
624 qw/Model M Controller C View V/
627 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
628 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
630 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
631 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
634 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
639 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
643 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
645 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
647 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
648 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
649 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
652 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
660 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
661 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
663 $c->NEXT::config(@_);
668 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
669 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
670 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
671 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
673 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
678 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
680 Your log class should implement the methods described in
686 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
688 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
689 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
695 =head2 $c->dispatcher
697 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
698 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
702 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
706 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
708 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
710 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
711 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
715 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
720 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
721 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
722 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
723 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
726 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
728 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
729 loads and instantiates the given class.
731 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
733 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
738 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
739 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
741 eval { $plugin->import };
742 $class->mk_classdata($name);
744 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
747 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
748 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
752 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
758 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
759 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
760 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
764 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
769 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
771 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
772 if ( $class->setup_finished );
774 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
776 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
777 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
780 if ( $class->arguments ) {
781 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
787 foreach (@arguments) {
791 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
793 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
794 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
797 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
801 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
803 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
804 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
805 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
806 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
808 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
810 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
811 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
814 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
818 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
819 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
820 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
821 You are running an old script!
823 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
824 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
826 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
827 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
832 if ( $class->debug ) {
833 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
836 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
837 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
838 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
841 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
842 my $engine = $class->engine;
843 my $home = $class->config->{home};
845 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
846 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
850 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
851 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
852 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
857 no warnings qw/redefine/;
858 local *setup = sub { };
862 # Initialize our data structure
863 $class->components( {} );
865 $class->setup_components;
867 if ( $class->debug ) {
868 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
869 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
870 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
871 $t->row( $comp, $type );
873 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
874 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
877 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
878 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
880 $class->setup_actions;
882 if ( $class->debug ) {
883 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
884 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
886 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
888 $class->setup_finished(1);
891 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
893 Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with
894 C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L<URI>
895 object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path.
896 If the last argument to C<uri_for> is a hash reference, it is assumed to
897 contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI
900 Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object
901 which will be resolved to a path using
902 C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of
903 C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed
904 to C<uri_for_action>.
909 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
910 my $base = $c->request->base->clone;
911 my $basepath = $base->path;
912 $basepath =~ s/\/$//;
914 my $namespace = $c->namespace || '';
916 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
917 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
920 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
921 return undef unless defined($path);
922 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
925 # massage namespace, empty if absolute path
926 $namespace =~ s/^\/// if $namespace;
927 $namespace .= '/' if $namespace;
929 $namespace = '' if $path =~ /^\//;
934 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
936 for my $value ( values %$params ) {
937 next unless defined $value;
938 for ( ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? @$value : $value ) {
944 # join args with '/', or a blank string
945 my $args = ( scalar @args ? '/' . join( '/', map {s/\?/%3F/g; $_} @args ) : '' );
946 $args =~ s/^\/// unless $path;
948 URI->new_abs( URI->new_abs( "$path$args", "$basepath$namespace" ), $base )
950 $res->query_form(%$params);
954 =head2 $c->welcome_message
956 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
960 sub welcome_message {
962 my $name = $c->config->{name};
963 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
964 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
965 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
967 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
968 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
969 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
971 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
972 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
973 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
974 <style type="text/css">
977 background-color: #eee;
986 background-color: #ccc;
987 border: 1px solid #aaa;
992 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
995 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
998 text-decoration: none;
1000 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1002 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1015 background-color: #fff;
1016 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1020 font-weight: normal;
1042 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1047 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1049 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1050 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1051 framework will make web development something you had
1052 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1053 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1054 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1055 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1056 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1057 you might want want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1058 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1060 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1062 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1063 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1065 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1066 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1067 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1068 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1069 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1070 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1071 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1072 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1073 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1074 you are likely to find what you need there.
1078 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1079 get in touch with us.</p>
1082 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1085 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1088 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1091 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1092 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1093 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1094 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1102 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1104 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1106 =head2 $c->components
1108 Returns a hash of components.
1110 =head2 $c->context_class
1112 Returns or sets the context class.
1116 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1117 deep recursion detection).
1121 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1125 Dispatches a request to actions.
1129 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1131 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1133 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1135 =head2 $c->dump_these
1137 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1138 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1144 [ Request => $c->req ],
1145 [ Response => $c->res ],
1146 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1147 [ Config => $c->config ];
1150 =head2 $c->engine_class
1152 Returns or sets the engine class.
1154 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1156 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1162 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1163 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1166 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1167 my $action = "$code";
1168 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1169 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "$action"/;
1170 $c->log->error($error);
1176 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->debug;
1178 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1180 eval { $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1182 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->debug and $stats_info;
1184 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1186 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1187 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 }
1189 unless ( ref $error ) {
1190 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1192 my $class = $last->class;
1193 my $name = $last->name;
1194 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1203 sub _stats_start_execute {
1204 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1206 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1207 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1209 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
1211 my $action = "$code";
1212 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1214 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1215 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1216 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1218 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1220 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1221 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1223 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1224 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1225 $action = "-> $action";
1230 my $node = Tree::Simple->new(
1233 elapsed => undef, # to be filled in later
1237 $node->setUID( "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"} );
1239 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1240 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1242 # forward, locate the caller
1243 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1244 my $visitor = Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID->new;
1245 $visitor->searchForUID(
1246 "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"} );
1247 $c->stats->accept($visitor);
1248 if ( my $result = $visitor->getResult ) {
1249 $result->addChild($node);
1254 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1255 $c->stats->addChild($node);
1261 $c->stats->addChild($node);
1265 start => [gettimeofday],
1270 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1271 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1272 my $elapsed = tv_interval $info->{start};
1273 my $value = $info->{node}->getNodeValue;
1274 $value->{elapsed} = sprintf( '%fs', $elapsed );
1277 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1281 sub _localize_fields {
1282 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1284 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1285 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1287 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1288 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1289 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1296 Finalizes the request.
1303 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1304 $c->log->error($error);
1307 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1308 if ( $c->engine->can('finalize') ) {
1309 $c->engine->finalize($c);
1313 $c->finalize_uploads;
1316 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1320 $c->finalize_headers;
1323 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1324 $c->response->body('');
1331 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', tv_interval($c->stats->getNodeValue);
1332 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', ( $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : ( 1 / $elapsed ) );
1334 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 62, 'Action' ], [ 9, 'Time' ] );
1335 $c->stats->traverse(
1338 my $stat = $action->getNodeValue;
1339 $t->row( ( q{ } x $action->getDepth ) . $stat->{action} . $stat->{comment},
1340 $stat->{elapsed} || '??' );
1345 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1348 return $c->response->status;
1351 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1357 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1359 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1365 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1367 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1373 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1375 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1381 sub finalize_headers {
1384 # Check if we already finalized headers
1385 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
1388 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
1389 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1390 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
1394 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
1396 # get the length from a filehandle
1397 if ( blessed( $c->response->body ) && $c->response->body->can('read') )
1399 if ( my $stat = stat $c->response->body ) {
1400 $c->response->content_length( $stat->size );
1403 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1407 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
1412 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1413 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1414 $c->response->body('');
1417 $c->finalize_cookies;
1419 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1422 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
1425 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1427 An alias for finalize_body.
1429 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1431 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1435 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1437 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1439 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1443 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1445 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1447 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1451 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1453 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1455 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1460 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1462 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1464 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1468 sub handle_request {
1469 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1471 # Always expect worst case!
1474 if ($class->debug) {
1475 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1476 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1477 my $time = localtime time;
1478 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1481 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1483 $status = $c->finalize;
1486 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1488 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1492 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1496 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1498 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1504 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1506 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1507 my $c = $class->context_class->new(
1511 request => $class->request_class->new(
1514 body_parameters => {},
1516 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1518 query_parameters => {},
1524 response => $class->response_class->new(
1528 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1538 $c->stats(Tree::Simple->new([gettimeofday]));
1539 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1542 # For on-demand data
1543 $c->request->{_context} = $c;
1544 $c->response->{_context} = $c;
1545 weaken( $c->request->{_context} );
1546 weaken( $c->response->{_context} );
1548 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1549 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1550 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1553 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1554 $c->prepare_connection;
1555 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1556 $c->prepare_headers;
1557 $c->prepare_cookies;
1561 $c->prepare_body unless $c->config->{parse_on_demand};
1564 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1565 my $path = $c->req->path || '/';
1566 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1568 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1576 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1578 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1582 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1584 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1586 Prepares message body.
1593 # Do we run for the first time?
1594 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1596 # Initialize on-demand data
1597 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1598 $c->prepare_parameters;
1599 $c->prepare_uploads;
1601 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1602 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1603 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1604 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1605 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1607 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1609 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1613 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1615 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1617 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1621 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1623 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1626 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1628 Prepares body parameters.
1632 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1634 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1637 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1639 Prepares connection.
1643 sub prepare_connection {
1645 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1648 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1654 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1656 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1662 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1664 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1666 Prepares parameters.
1670 sub prepare_parameters {
1672 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1673 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1676 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1678 Prepares path and base.
1682 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1684 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1686 Prepares query parameters.
1690 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1693 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1695 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1696 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1697 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1698 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1699 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1701 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1703 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1707 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1709 Prepares the input for reading.
1713 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1715 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1717 Prepares the engine request.
1721 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1723 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1729 sub prepare_uploads {
1732 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1734 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1735 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1736 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1741 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1742 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1743 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1744 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1747 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1751 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1753 Prepares the output for writing.
1757 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1759 =head2 $c->request_class
1761 Returns or sets the request class.
1763 =head2 $c->response_class
1765 Returns or sets the response class.
1767 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1769 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1770 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1771 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1773 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1778 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1786 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1788 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1790 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1794 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1796 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1798 Sets up actions for a component.
1802 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1804 =head2 $c->setup_components
1806 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1807 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1808 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1809 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1810 application class name prepended to them.
1814 sub setup_components {
1817 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1818 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1819 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1821 push @paths, @$extra;
1823 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1824 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1828 for my $component ( sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins ) {
1829 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1831 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1833 $component => $module,
1835 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
1836 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
1839 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
1840 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
1845 =head2 $c->setup_component
1849 sub setup_component {
1850 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
1852 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
1856 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
1857 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
1859 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
1861 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1863 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1864 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
1868 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1870 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
1871 ) unless eval { $instance->can( 'can' ) };
1876 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
1882 sub setup_dispatcher {
1883 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1886 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1889 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_DISPATCHER} ) {
1890 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $ENV{CATALYST_DISPATCHER};
1893 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_DISPATCHER' } ) {
1895 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $ENV{ uc($class) . '_DISPATCHER' };
1898 unless ($dispatcher) {
1899 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1902 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($dispatcher)) {
1903 require Class::Inspector->filename($dispatcher);
1906 # dispatcher instance
1907 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1910 =head2 $c->setup_engine
1917 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1920 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1923 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_ENGINE} ) {
1924 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $ENV{CATALYST_ENGINE};
1927 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_ENGINE' } ) {
1928 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $ENV{ uc($class) . '_ENGINE' };
1931 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1933 # create the apache method
1936 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
1939 my ( $software, $version ) =
1940 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
1943 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
1945 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
1949 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
1950 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
1953 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
1954 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
1957 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
1958 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
1962 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1963 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
1968 # install the correct mod_perl handler
1969 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
1970 *handler = sub : method {
1971 shift->handle_request(@_);
1975 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
1980 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
1981 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
1985 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1986 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
1991 $engine = $class->engine_class;
1994 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
1995 require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
1998 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2000 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2001 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2006 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2007 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2012 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2013 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2018 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2019 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2025 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2026 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2031 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2034 =head2 $c->setup_home
2036 Sets up the home directory.
2041 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2043 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_HOME} ) {
2044 $home = $ENV{CATALYST_HOME};
2047 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_HOME' } ) {
2049 $home = $ENV{ uc($class) . '_HOME' };
2053 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2057 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2058 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2062 =head2 $c->setup_log
2069 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2071 unless ( $class->log ) {
2072 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2075 my $app_flag = Catalyst::Utils::class2env($class) . '_DEBUG';
2078 ( defined( $ENV{CATALYST_DEBUG} ) || defined( $ENV{$app_flag} ) )
2079 ? ( $ENV{CATALYST_DEBUG} || $ENV{$app_flag} )
2084 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
2085 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2089 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2095 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2097 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2098 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2100 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2101 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2102 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2104 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2112 sub registered_plugins {
2114 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2116 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2117 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2120 sub _register_plugin {
2121 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2122 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2124 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($plugin)) {
2125 require Class::Inspector->filename($plugin);
2128 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2131 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2137 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2139 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2141 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2143 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2144 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2147 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2154 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2155 currently executing).
2157 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2159 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2160 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2161 your output data, if known.
2168 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2169 $c->finalize_headers;
2171 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2176 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2177 messages in template systems.
2181 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2183 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2185 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2186 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2187 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2189 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2191 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2193 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2194 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2197 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2199 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2201 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2203 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2204 but if you want to handle input yourself or speed things up a bit,
2205 you can enable on-demand parsing with a config parameter.
2207 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2209 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2211 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2212 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2213 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2214 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2215 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2216 virtual host that the user connected through.
2218 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2219 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2220 changes are made to the request.
2222 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2223 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2225 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2226 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2228 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2230 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2231 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2232 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2235 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2237 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2239 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2241 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2243 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2244 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2245 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2247 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2248 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2249 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2255 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2259 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2260 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2264 http://catalyst.perl.org
2268 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2272 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2274 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2276 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2278 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2280 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2282 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2284 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2286 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2358 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
2362 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2363 the same terms as Perl itself.