4 use base 'Catalyst::Base';
6 use UNIVERSAL::require;
7 use Catalyst::Exception;
10 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
11 use Catalyst::Response;
14 use Text::SimpleTable;
16 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
18 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken/;
21 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
22 qw/counter depth request response state action namespace/
25 attributes->import( __PACKAGE__, \&namespace, 'lvalue' );
32 # For backwards compatibility
33 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
38 our $RECURSION = 1000;
39 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
41 require Module::Pluggable::Fast;
43 # Helper script generation
44 our $CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN = 10;
46 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
47 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log _dispatcher_class
48 _engine_class _context_class _request_class _response_class/;
50 sub dispatcher_class {
51 return $_[0]->_dispatcher_class(@_[1..$#_]) || 'Catalyst::Dispatcher';
55 return $_[0]->_engine_class(@_[1..$#_]) || 'Catalyst::Engine::CGI';
59 return $_[0]->_context_class(@_[1..$#_]) || ref $_[0] || $_[0];
63 return $_[0]->_request_class(@_[1..$#_]) || 'Catalyst::Request';
67 return $_[0]->_response_class(@_[1..$#_]) || 'Catalyst::Response';
70 our $VERSION = '5.49_03';
73 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
75 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
77 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
79 my $caller = caller(0);
81 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
83 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class;
86 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
92 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
96 # use the helper to start a new application
100 # add models, views, controllers
101 script/myapp_create.pl model Something
102 script/myapp_create.pl view Stuff
103 script/myapp_create.pl controller Yada
105 # built in testserver
106 script/myapp_server.pl
108 # command line interface
109 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
114 use Catalyst qw/My::Module My::OtherModule/;
116 use Catalyst '-Debug';
118 use Catalyst qw/-Debug -Engine=CGI/;
120 sub default : Private { $_[1]->res->output('Hello') } );
122 sub index : Path('/index.html') {
123 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
124 $c->res->output('Hello');
128 sub product : Regex('^product[_]*(\d*).html$') {
129 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
130 $c->stash->{template} = 'product.tt';
131 $c->stash->{product} = $c->req->snippets->[0];
134 See also L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>
138 The key concept of Catalyst is DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself).
140 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
142 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use Catalyst" statement.
143 Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the plugin name,
144 so C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes C<My::Module>.
146 use Catalyst 'My::Module';
148 Special flags like -Debug and -Engine can also be specified as arguments when
151 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
153 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because they are
154 loaded in exactly the order that they appear.
156 The following flags are supported:
162 enables debug output, i.e.:
164 use Catalyst '-Debug';
166 this is equivalent to:
173 Force Catalyst to use a specific dispatcher.
177 Force Catalyst to use a specific engine.
178 Omit the C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
180 use Catalyst '-Engine=CGI';
184 Force Catalyst to use a specific home directory.
198 Accessor for the current action
200 =item $c->comp($name)
202 =item $c->component($name)
204 Get a component object by name.
206 $c->comp('MyApp::Model::MyModel')->do_stuff;
217 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
220 $name, "${appclass}::${name}",
221 map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } qw/M V C/
224 foreach my $try (@names) {
226 if ( exists $c->components->{$try} ) {
228 return $c->components->{$try};
232 foreach my $component ( keys %{ $c->components } ) {
234 return $c->components->{$component} if $component =~ /$name/i;
239 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
244 Returns a hashref containing your applications settings.
248 =item $c->controller($name)
250 Get a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
252 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
257 my ( $c, $name ) = @_;
258 my $controller = $c->comp("Controller::$name");
259 return $controller if $controller;
260 return $c->comp("C::$name");
265 Overload to enable debug messages.
271 =item $c->detach( $command [, \@arguments ] )
273 Like C<forward> but doesn't return.
277 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
281 Contains the dispatcher instance.
282 Stringifies to class.
284 =item $c->forward( $command [, \@arguments ] )
286 Forward processing to a private action or a method from a class.
287 If you define a class without method it will default to process().
288 also takes an optional arrayref containing arguments to be passed
289 to the new function. $c->req->args will be reset upon returning
293 $c->forward('index');
294 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::CDBI::Foo do_stuff/);
295 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
299 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
301 =item $c->model($name)
303 Get a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
305 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
310 my ( $c, $name ) = @_;
311 my $model = $c->comp("Model::$name");
312 return $model if $model;
313 return $c->comp("M::$name");
318 Accessor to the namespace of the current action
320 =item $c->path_to(@path)
322 Merges C<@path> with $c->config->{home} and returns a L<Path::Class> object.
326 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
331 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
332 my $path = dir( $c->config->{home}, @path );
333 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
334 else { return file( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
346 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
348 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
350 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
351 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
354 if ( $class->arguments ) {
355 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
361 foreach (@arguments) {
365 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
367 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
368 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
371 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
375 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
376 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
377 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
378 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
379 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
381 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
383 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
384 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
387 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
391 $class->log->warn( "You are running an old helper script! "
392 . "Please update your scripts by regenerating the "
393 . "application and copying over the new scripts." )
394 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN}
395 && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) );
397 if ( $class->debug ) {
403 @plugins = grep { /^Catalyst::Plugin/ } @{"$class\::ISA"};
407 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(76);
408 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
409 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw );
412 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
413 my $engine = $class->engine;
414 my $home = $class->config->{home};
416 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
417 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
421 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
422 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
423 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
428 no warnings qw/redefine/;
429 local *setup = sub { };
433 # Initialize our data structure
434 $class->components( {} );
436 $class->setup_components;
438 if ( $class->debug ) {
439 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 65, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
440 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
441 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
442 $t->row( $comp, $type );
444 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw )
445 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
448 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
449 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
451 $class->setup_actions;
453 if ( $class->debug ) {
454 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
455 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
457 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
460 =item $c->uri_for($path,[@args])
462 Merges path with $c->request->base for absolute uri's and with
463 $c->request->match for relative uri's, then returns a normalized
464 L<URI> object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end
470 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
471 my $base = $c->request->base->clone;
472 my $basepath = $base->path;
473 $basepath =~ s/\/$//;
475 my $match = $c->request->match;
477 # massage match, empty if absolute path
479 $match .= '/' if $match;
481 $match = '' if $path =~ /^\//;
484 # join args with '/', or a blank string
485 my $args = ( scalar @args ? '/' . join( '/', @args ) : '' );
486 return URI->new_abs( URI->new_abs( "$path$args", "$basepath$match" ),
492 =item $c->error($error, ...)
494 =item $c->error($arrayref)
496 Returns an arrayref containing error messages.
498 my @error = @{ $c->error };
502 $c->error('Something bad happened');
513 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
514 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
516 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
517 return $c->{error} || [];
522 Contains the engine instance.
523 Stringifies to the class.
527 Contains the logging object. Unless it is already set Catalyst sets this up with a
528 C<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class:
530 $c->log( MyLogger->new );
531 $c->log->info("now logging with my own logger!");
533 Your log class should implement the methods described in the C<Catalyst::Log>
536 =item $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
538 Instant plugins for Catalyst.
539 Classdata accessor/mutator will be created, class loaded and instantiated.
541 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
543 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
548 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
551 if ( my $error = $UNIVERSAL::require::ERROR ) {
552 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
553 message => qq/Couldn't load instant plugin "$plugin", "$error"/ );
556 eval { $plugin->import };
557 $class->mk_classdata($name);
559 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
562 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
563 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
567 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
575 Returns a C<Catalyst::Request> object.
583 Returns a C<Catalyst::Response> object.
589 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
593 Returns a hashref containing all your data.
595 print $c->stash->{foo};
597 Keys may be set in the stash by assigning to the hash reference, or by passing
598 either a single hash reference or a list of key/value pairs as arguments.
602 $c->stash->{foo} ||= 'yada';
603 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
604 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 );
611 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
612 while ( my ( $key, $val ) = each %$stash ) {
613 $c->{stash}->{$key} = $val;
619 =item $c->view($name)
621 Get a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
623 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
628 my ( $c, $name ) = @_;
629 my $view = $c->comp("View::$name");
630 return $view if $view;
631 return $c->comp("V::$name");
634 =item $c->welcome_message
636 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
640 sub welcome_message {
642 my $name = $c->config->{name};
643 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
644 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
645 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
647 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
648 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
649 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
651 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
652 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
653 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
654 <style type="text/css">
657 background-color: #eee;
666 background-color: #ccc;
667 border: 1px solid #aaa;
668 -moz-border-radius: 10px;
673 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
676 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
679 text-decoration: none;
681 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
683 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
696 background-color: #fff;
697 border: 1px solid #aaa;
698 -moz-border-radius: 10px;
724 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
729 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
731 <p>Welcome to the wonderful world of Catalyst.
732 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
733 framework will make web development something you had
734 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding and quick.</p>
735 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
736 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
737 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
738 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
739 you might want to check out the documentation.</p>
740 <pre><code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
741 perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst/lib/Catalyst/Manual.pod">Catalyst::Manual</a></code></pre>
742 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
743 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
744 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
745 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a> and
746 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>,
747 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
748 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
749 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
750 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>,
751 you are likely to find what you need there.
755 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
756 get in touch with us.</p>
759 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
762 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
765 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
768 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
769 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
770 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
771 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
781 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
785 =item $c->benchmark($coderef)
787 Takes a coderef with arguments and returns elapsed time as float.
789 my ( $elapsed, $status ) = $c->benchmark( sub { return 1 } );
790 $c->log->info( sprintf "Processing took %f seconds", $elapsed );
797 my $time = [gettimeofday];
798 my @return = &$code(@_);
799 my $elapsed = tv_interval $time;
800 return wantarray ? ( $elapsed, @return ) : $elapsed;
805 Contains the components.
809 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts.
810 (Needed for deep recursion detection)
814 Returns the actual forward depth.
818 Dispatch request to actions.
822 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
826 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs that will
827 be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
833 [ Request => $c->req ], [ Response => $c->res ], [ Stash => $c->stash ],;
836 =item $c->execute($class, $coderef)
838 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions.
839 Errors are available via $c->error.
844 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
845 $class = $c->components->{$class} || $class;
847 my $callsub = ( caller(1) )[3];
852 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /\-\>/;
853 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
855 if ( $c->counter->{"$code"} > $RECURSION ) {
856 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected in "$action"/;
857 $c->log->error($error);
863 $action = "-> $action" if $callsub =~ /forward$/;
869 my ( $elapsed, @state ) =
870 $c->benchmark( $code, $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } );
871 unless ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
872 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) )
874 push @{ $c->{stats} }, [ $action, sprintf( '%fs', $elapsed ) ];
879 $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 );
884 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
886 if ( $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->{depth} > 1 }
888 unless ( ref $error ) {
890 $error = qq/Caught exception "$error"/;
908 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
909 $c->log->error($error);
912 $c->finalize_uploads;
915 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
919 $c->finalize_headers;
922 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
923 $c->response->body('');
928 return $c->response->status;
931 =item $c->finalize_body
937 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
939 =item $c->finalize_cookies
945 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
947 =item $c->finalize_error
953 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
955 =item $c->finalize_headers
961 sub finalize_headers {
964 # Check if we already finalized headers
965 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
968 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
969 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
970 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
974 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
975 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
979 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
980 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
981 $c->response->body('');
984 $c->finalize_cookies;
986 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
989 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
992 =item $c->finalize_output
994 An alias for finalize_body.
996 =item $c->finalize_read
998 Finalize the input after reading is complete.
1002 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1004 =item $c->finalize_uploads
1006 Finalize uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1010 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1012 =item $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1014 Get an action in a given namespace.
1018 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1020 =item $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1022 Get all actions of a given name in a namespace and all base namespaces.
1026 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1028 =item handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1030 Handles the request.
1034 sub handle_request {
1035 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1037 # Always expect worst case!
1043 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1044 $c->{stats} = \@stats;
1046 return $c->finalize;
1049 if ( $class->debug ) {
1051 ( $elapsed, $status ) = $class->benchmark($handler);
1052 $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $elapsed;
1053 my $av = sprintf '%.3f',
1054 ( $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : ( 1 / $elapsed ) );
1055 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 64, 'Action' ], [ 9, 'Time' ] );
1057 for my $stat (@stats) { $t->row( $stat->[0], $stat->[1] ) }
1059 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $t->draw );
1061 else { $status = &$handler }
1065 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1067 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1071 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1075 =item $c->prepare(@arguments)
1077 Turns the engine-specific request( Apache, CGI ... )
1078 into a Catalyst context .
1083 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1085 my $c = $class->context_class->new({
1088 request => $class->request_class->new(
1091 body_parameters => {},
1093 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1095 query_parameters => {},
1101 response => $class->response_class->new(
1105 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1113 # For on-demand data
1114 $c->request->{_context} = $c;
1115 $c->response->{_context} = $c;
1116 weaken( $c->request->{_context} );
1117 weaken( $c->response->{_context} );
1120 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1121 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1122 $c->log->debug('**********************************');
1123 $c->log->debug("* Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$]");
1124 $c->log->debug('**********************************');
1125 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1128 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1129 $c->prepare_connection;
1130 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1131 $c->prepare_headers;
1132 $c->prepare_cookies;
1136 $c->prepare_body unless $c->config->{parse_on_demand};
1139 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1140 my $path = $c->req->path || '';
1141 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1143 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from $address/)
1149 =item $c->prepare_action
1155 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1157 =item $c->prepare_body
1159 Prepare message body.
1166 # Do we run for the first time?
1167 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1169 # Initialize on-demand data
1170 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1171 $c->prepare_parameters;
1172 $c->prepare_uploads;
1174 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1175 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 37, 'Key' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1176 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1177 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1178 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1180 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1182 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1186 =item $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1188 Prepare a chunk of data before sending it to HTTP::Body.
1192 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1194 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1197 =item $c->prepare_body_parameters
1199 Prepare body parameters.
1203 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1205 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1208 =item $c->prepare_connection
1214 sub prepare_connection {
1216 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1219 =item $c->prepare_cookies
1225 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1227 =item $c->prepare_headers
1233 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1235 =item $c->prepare_parameters
1241 sub prepare_parameters {
1243 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1244 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1247 =item $c->prepare_path
1249 Prepare path and base.
1253 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1255 =item $c->prepare_query_parameters
1257 Prepare query parameters.
1261 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1264 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1266 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1267 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 37, 'Key' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1268 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1269 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1270 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1272 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1274 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1278 =item $c->prepare_read
1280 Prepare the input for reading.
1284 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1286 =item $c->prepare_request
1288 Prepare the engine request.
1292 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1294 =item $c->prepare_uploads
1300 sub prepare_uploads {
1303 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1305 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1306 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1312 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1313 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1314 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1315 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1318 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1322 =item $c->prepare_write
1324 Prepare the output for writing.
1328 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1330 =item $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1332 Read a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to be
1333 used in a while loop, reading $maxlength bytes on every call. $maxlength
1334 defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1336 You have to set MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} to use this directly.
1340 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1348 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1350 =item $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1352 Set an action in a given namespace.
1356 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1358 =item $c->setup_actions($component)
1360 Setup actions for a component.
1364 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1366 =item $c->setup_components
1372 sub setup_components {
1375 my $callback = sub {
1376 my ( $component, $context ) = @_;
1378 unless ( $component->isa('Catalyst::Component') ) {
1382 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix($class);
1383 my $config = $class->config->{$suffix} || {};
1387 eval { $instance = $component->new( $context, $config ); };
1389 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1393 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1394 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/ );
1397 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1398 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "new() didn't return a object"/
1400 unless ref $instance;
1405 Module::Pluggable::Fast->import(
1406 name => '_catalyst_components',
1408 "$class\::Controller", "$class\::C",
1409 "$class\::Model", "$class\::M",
1410 "$class\::View", "$class\::V"
1412 callback => $callback
1416 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1420 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1421 message => qq/Couldn't load components "$error"/ );
1424 for my $component ( $class->_catalyst_components($class) ) {
1425 $class->components->{ ref $component || $component } = $component;
1429 =item $c->setup_dispatcher
1433 sub setup_dispatcher {
1434 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1437 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1440 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_DISPATCHER} ) {
1441 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $ENV{CATALYST_DISPATCHER};
1444 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_DISPATCHER' } ) {
1446 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $ENV{ uc($class) . '_DISPATCHER' };
1449 unless ($dispatcher) {
1450 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1453 $dispatcher->require;
1456 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1457 message => qq/Couldn't load dispatcher "$dispatcher", "$@"/ );
1460 # dispatcher instance
1461 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1464 =item $c->setup_engine
1469 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1472 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1475 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_ENGINE} ) {
1476 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $ENV{CATALYST_ENGINE};
1479 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_ENGINE' } ) {
1480 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $ENV{ uc($class) . '_ENGINE' };
1483 if ( !$engine && $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1485 # create the apache method
1488 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
1491 my ( $software, $version ) =
1492 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
1495 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
1497 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
1499 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
1500 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
1503 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
1504 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
1507 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
1508 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
1512 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1513 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
1516 # install the correct mod_perl handler
1517 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
1518 *handler = sub : method {
1519 shift->handle_request(@_);
1523 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
1528 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
1529 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
1533 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1534 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
1539 $engine = $class->engine_class;
1545 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1546 qq/Couldn't load engine "$engine" (maybe you forgot to install it?), "$@"/
1550 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
1552 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
1553 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
1558 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
1559 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
1564 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
1565 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
1570 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
1571 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
1577 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1578 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
1583 $class->engine( $engine->new );
1586 =item $c->setup_home
1591 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
1593 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_HOME} ) {
1594 $home = $ENV{CATALYST_HOME};
1597 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_HOME' } ) {
1598 $home = $ENV{ uc($class) . '_HOME' };
1602 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
1606 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
1607 $class->config->{root} ||= dir($home)->subdir('root');
1616 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
1618 unless ( $class->log ) {
1619 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
1622 my $app_flag = Catalyst::Utils::class2env($class) . '_DEBUG';
1625 ( defined( $ENV{CATALYST_DEBUG} ) || defined( $ENV{$app_flag} ) )
1626 ? ( $ENV{CATALYST_DEBUG} || $ENV{$app_flag} )
1631 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
1632 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
1636 =item $c->setup_plugins
1641 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
1644 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
1646 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
1651 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1652 message => qq/Couldn't load plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1657 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
1662 =item $c->write( $data )
1664 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you will
1665 need to manually set the Content-Length header to the length of your output
1673 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
1674 $c->finalize_headers;
1676 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
1681 Returns the Catalyst version number. mostly useful for powered by messages
1682 in template systems.
1686 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
1690 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
1692 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>
1693 C<_ACTION> and C<_END>, these are by default not shown in the private
1696 But you can deactivate this with a config parameter.
1698 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
1700 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
1702 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> becomes
1705 But you can activate case sensitivity with a config parameter.
1707 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
1709 So C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> becomes C</Foo/Bar>.
1711 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
1713 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
1714 but if you want to handle input yourself or speed things up a bit
1715 you can enable on-demand parsing with a config parameter.
1717 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
1719 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
1721 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach, with
1722 a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger backend
1723 server. An application running on the backend server must deal with two
1724 problems: the remote user always appears to be '127.0.0.1' and the server's
1725 hostname will appear to be 'localhost' regardless of the virtual host the
1726 user connected through.
1728 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running both
1729 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following changes
1730 are made to the request.
1732 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from the
1733 HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR header.
1735 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real host,
1736 as read from the HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST header.
1738 Obviously, your web server must support these 2 headers for this to work.
1740 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your frontend
1741 proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a configuration
1742 option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the headers.
1744 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
1746 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
1748 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
1750 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
1752 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading mpm_worker, mpm_winnt,
1753 and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We believe the Catalyst
1754 core to be thread-safe.
1756 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
1757 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
1758 DBD::SQLite, are not thread-safe.
1764 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
1768 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
1769 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
1773 http://catalyst.perl.org
1779 =item L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
1781 =item L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core Engine
1783 =item L<Catalyst::Log> - The Log Class.
1785 =item L<Catalyst::Request> - The Request Object
1787 =item L<Catalyst::Response> - The Response Object
1789 =item L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
1857 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
1861 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
1862 the same terms as Perl itself.