4 use base 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
10 use Catalyst::Response;
12 use Catalyst::Controller;
13 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
15 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
17 use Text::SimpleTable ();
18 use Path::Class::Dir ();
19 use Path::Class::File ();
20 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
24 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Carp qw/croak carp/;
31 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
33 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
34 qw/counter request response state action stack namespace stats/
37 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
44 # For backwards compatibility
45 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
50 our $RECURSION = 1000;
51 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
53 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
54 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
55 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
58 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
59 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
60 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
61 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
62 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
64 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
66 our $VERSION = '5.7014';
69 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
71 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
73 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
75 my $caller = caller(0);
77 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
79 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller';
82 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
88 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
92 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
93 documentation and tutorials.
95 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
96 # use the helper to create a new application
99 # add models, views, controllers
100 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
101 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
102 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
104 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
105 # --help to see all available options
106 script/myapp_server.pl
108 # command line testing interface
109 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
112 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
114 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
115 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
116 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
117 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
118 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
120 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
121 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
122 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
123 # do something else after forward returns
127 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
128 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
132 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
133 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
135 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
137 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
138 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
139 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
140 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
142 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
145 # called after all actions are finished
147 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
148 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
149 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
150 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
153 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
154 # called for /foo/bar
155 sub bar : Local { ... }
157 # called for /blargle
158 sub blargle : Global { ... }
160 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
161 sub index : Private { ... }
163 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
164 # called for /foo/bar/baz
165 sub baz : Local { ... }
167 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
168 sub auto : Private { ... }
170 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
171 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
172 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
173 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
174 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
177 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
181 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
182 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
183 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
184 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
186 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
188 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
189 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
190 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
193 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
195 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
196 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
200 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
203 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
204 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
206 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
208 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
209 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
211 The following flags are supported:
215 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
216 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
217 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
223 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
225 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
229 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
231 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
233 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
234 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
235 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
236 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
237 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
245 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
246 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
247 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
252 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
256 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
260 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
261 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
265 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
266 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
268 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
269 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
275 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
276 information about the current client request (including parameters,
277 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
279 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
281 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
283 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
285 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
286 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
287 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
288 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
289 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
291 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
294 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
295 $c->forward('index');
296 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
297 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
299 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
300 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
301 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
304 die $c->error if $c->error;
306 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
309 $c->forward('foo') || return;
313 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
315 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
317 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
321 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
322 processing is finished.
324 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
328 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
334 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
338 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
339 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
340 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
341 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
342 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
343 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
346 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
347 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
348 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
350 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
351 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
358 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
359 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
360 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
361 $c->{stash}->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
369 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
371 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
373 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
374 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
375 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
377 my @error = @{ $c->error };
381 $c->error('Something bad happened');
388 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
389 croak @$error unless ref $c;
390 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
392 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
393 return $c->{error} || [];
399 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
401 =head2 $c->clear_errors
403 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
404 implementing a custom error screen.
406 This is equivalent to running
417 # search components given a name and some prefixes
418 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
419 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
420 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
421 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
423 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
424 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
425 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
427 # undef for a name will return all
428 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
430 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
431 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
433 return map { $c->components->{ $_ } } @result if @result;
435 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
440 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
442 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
444 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
445 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
451 # Find possible names for a prefix
453 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
454 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
456 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
458 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; } $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
462 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
463 sub _filter_component {
464 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
466 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
467 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
473 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
475 =head2 $c->controller($name)
477 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
479 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
481 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
487 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
490 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
491 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
492 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
495 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
498 =head2 $c->model($name)
500 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
502 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
504 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
506 If the name is omitted, it will look for
507 - a model object in $c->stash{current_model_instance}, then
508 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
509 - a config setting 'default_model', or
510 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
515 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
518 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
519 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
520 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
524 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
525 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
526 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
527 if $c->stash->{current_model};
529 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
530 if $c->config->{default_model};
532 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
535 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:' );
536 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_model} # the name of the default model to use' );
537 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
538 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
539 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.80, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
542 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
546 =head2 $c->view($name)
548 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
550 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
552 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
554 If the name is omitted, it will look for
555 - a view object in $c->stash{current_view_instance}, then
556 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
557 - a config setting 'default_view', or
558 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
563 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
566 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
567 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
568 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
572 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
573 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
574 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
575 if $c->stash->{current_view};
577 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
578 if $c->config->{default_view};
580 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
583 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
584 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_view} # the name of the default view to use' );
585 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
586 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
587 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.80, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
590 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
593 =head2 $c->controllers
595 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
601 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
606 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
612 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
618 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
624 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
627 =head2 $c->comp($name)
629 =head2 $c->component($name)
631 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
632 unless you want to get a specific component by full
633 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
634 should be used instead.
639 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
642 my $comps = $c->components;
645 # is it the exact name?
646 return $comps->{ $name } if exists $comps->{ $name };
648 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
649 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
650 return $comps->{ $composed } if exists $comps->{ $composed };
652 # search all of the models, views and controllers
653 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
654 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
657 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
658 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
660 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
661 return @result if ref $name;
664 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
665 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
669 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
673 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
676 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
680 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
682 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
684 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
685 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
686 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
689 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
697 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
698 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
700 $c->NEXT::config(@_);
705 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
706 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
707 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
708 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
710 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
715 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
717 Your log class should implement the methods described in
723 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
725 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
726 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
732 =head2 $c->dispatcher
734 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
735 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
739 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
743 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
745 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
747 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
748 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
752 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
757 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
758 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
759 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
760 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
763 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
765 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
766 loads and instantiates the given class.
768 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
770 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
775 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
776 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
778 eval { $plugin->import };
779 $class->mk_classdata($name);
781 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
784 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
785 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
789 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
795 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
796 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
797 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
801 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
806 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
808 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
809 if ( $class->setup_finished );
811 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
813 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
814 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
817 if ( $class->arguments ) {
818 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
824 foreach (@arguments) {
828 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
830 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
831 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
834 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
838 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
840 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
841 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
842 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
843 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
844 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
846 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
848 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
849 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
852 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
856 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
857 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
858 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
859 You are running an old script!
861 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
862 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
864 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
865 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
870 if ( $class->debug ) {
871 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
874 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
875 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
876 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
879 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
880 my $engine = $class->engine;
881 my $home = $class->config->{home};
883 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
884 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
888 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
889 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
890 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
895 no warnings qw/redefine/;
896 local *setup = sub { };
900 # Initialize our data structure
901 $class->components( {} );
903 $class->setup_components;
905 if ( $class->debug ) {
906 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
907 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
908 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
909 $t->row( $comp, $type );
911 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
912 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
915 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
916 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
918 $class->setup_actions;
920 if ( $class->debug ) {
921 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
922 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
924 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
926 $class->setup_finished(1);
929 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
931 Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with
932 C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L<URI>
933 object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path.
934 If the last argument to C<uri_for> is a hash reference, it is assumed to
935 contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI
938 Note that uri_for is destructive to the passed hashref. Subsequent calls
939 with the same hashref may have unintended results.
941 Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object
942 which will be resolved to a path using
943 C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of
944 C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed
945 to C<uri_for_action>.
950 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
952 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
953 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
956 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
957 return undef unless defined($path);
958 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
961 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
964 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
966 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
967 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
969 unshift(@args, $path);
971 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
972 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
973 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
974 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
976 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
979 # join args with '/', or a blank string
980 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
981 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
983 my $base = $c->req->base;
984 my $class = ref($base);
985 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
989 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
990 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
991 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
992 my $val = $params->{$_};
993 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
996 $val = '' unless defined $val;
999 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
1000 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1001 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1003 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1007 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1011 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1013 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1017 sub welcome_message {
1019 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1020 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1021 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1022 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1024 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1025 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1026 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1028 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1029 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1030 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1031 <style type="text/css">
1034 background-color: #eee;
1041 margin-bottom: 10px;
1043 background-color: #ccc;
1044 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1049 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1052 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1055 text-decoration: none;
1057 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1059 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1072 background-color: #fff;
1073 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1077 font-weight: normal;
1099 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1104 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1106 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1107 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1108 framework will make web development something you had
1109 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1110 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1111 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1112 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1113 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1114 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1115 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1117 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1119 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1120 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1122 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1123 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1124 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1125 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1126 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1127 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1128 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1129 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1130 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1131 you are likely to find what you need there.
1135 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1136 get in touch with us.</p>
1139 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1142 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1145 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1148 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1149 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1150 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1151 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1159 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1161 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1163 =head2 $c->components
1165 Returns a hash of components.
1167 =head2 $c->context_class
1169 Returns or sets the context class.
1173 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1174 deep recursion detection).
1178 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1182 Dispatches a request to actions.
1186 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1188 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1190 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1192 =head2 $c->dump_these
1194 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1195 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1201 [ Request => $c->req ],
1202 [ Response => $c->res ],
1203 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1204 [ Config => $c->config ];
1207 =head2 $c->engine_class
1209 Returns or sets the engine class.
1211 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1213 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1219 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1220 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1223 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1224 my $action = "$code";
1225 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1226 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "$action"/;
1227 $c->log->error($error);
1233 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1235 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1237 eval { $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1239 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1241 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1243 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1244 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 }
1246 unless ( ref $error ) {
1247 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1249 my $class = $last->class;
1250 my $name = $last->name;
1251 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1260 sub _stats_start_execute {
1261 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1263 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1264 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1266 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
1268 my $action = "$code";
1269 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1271 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1272 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1273 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1275 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1277 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1278 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1280 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1281 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1282 $action = "-> $action";
1287 my $uid = "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"};
1289 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1290 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1292 # forward, locate the caller
1293 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1296 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1302 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1321 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1322 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1323 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1326 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1330 sub _localize_fields {
1331 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1333 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1334 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1336 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1337 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1338 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1345 Finalizes the request.
1352 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1353 $c->log->error($error);
1356 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1357 if ( $c->engine->can('finalize') ) {
1358 $c->engine->finalize($c);
1362 $c->finalize_uploads;
1365 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1369 $c->finalize_headers;
1372 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1373 $c->response->body('');
1379 if ($c->use_stats) {
1380 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1381 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1383 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1386 return $c->response->status;
1389 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1395 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1397 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1403 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1405 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1411 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1413 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1419 sub finalize_headers {
1422 # Check if we already finalized headers
1423 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
1426 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
1427 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1428 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
1430 if ( !$c->response->body ) {
1431 # Add a default body if none is already present
1433 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1439 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
1441 # get the length from a filehandle
1442 if ( blessed( $c->response->body ) && $c->response->body->can('read') )
1444 my $stat = stat $c->response->body;
1445 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1446 $c->response->content_length( $stat->size );
1449 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1453 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1454 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
1459 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1460 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1461 $c->response->body('');
1464 $c->finalize_cookies;
1466 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1469 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
1472 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1474 An alias for finalize_body.
1476 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1478 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1482 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1484 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1486 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1490 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1492 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1494 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1498 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1500 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1502 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1507 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1509 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1511 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1515 sub handle_request {
1516 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1518 # Always expect worst case!
1521 if ($class->debug) {
1522 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1523 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1524 my $time = localtime time;
1525 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1528 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1530 $status = $c->finalize;
1533 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1535 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1539 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1543 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1545 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1551 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1553 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1554 my $c = $class->context_class->new(
1558 request => $class->request_class->new(
1561 body_parameters => {},
1563 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1565 query_parameters => {},
1571 response => $class->response_class->new(
1575 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1584 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1586 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1589 # For on-demand data
1590 $c->request->{_context} = $c;
1591 $c->response->{_context} = $c;
1592 weaken( $c->request->{_context} );
1593 weaken( $c->response->{_context} );
1595 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1596 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1597 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1600 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1601 $c->prepare_connection;
1602 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1603 $c->prepare_headers;
1604 $c->prepare_cookies;
1607 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1608 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1611 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1612 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1617 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1618 my $path = $c->req->path;
1619 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1620 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1622 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1630 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1632 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1636 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1638 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1640 Prepares message body.
1647 # Do we run for the first time?
1648 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1650 # Initialize on-demand data
1651 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1652 $c->prepare_parameters;
1653 $c->prepare_uploads;
1655 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1656 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1657 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1658 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1659 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1661 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1663 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1667 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1669 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1671 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1675 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1677 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1680 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1682 Prepares body parameters.
1686 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1688 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1691 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1693 Prepares connection.
1697 sub prepare_connection {
1699 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1702 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1708 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1710 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1716 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1718 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1720 Prepares parameters.
1724 sub prepare_parameters {
1726 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1727 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1730 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1732 Prepares path and base.
1736 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1738 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1740 Prepares query parameters.
1744 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1747 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1749 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1750 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1751 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1752 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1753 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1755 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1757 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1761 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1763 Prepares the input for reading.
1767 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1769 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1771 Prepares the engine request.
1775 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1777 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1783 sub prepare_uploads {
1786 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1788 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1789 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1790 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1795 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1796 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1797 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1798 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1801 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1805 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1807 Prepares the output for writing.
1811 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1813 =head2 $c->request_class
1815 Returns or sets the request class.
1817 =head2 $c->response_class
1819 Returns or sets the response class.
1821 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1823 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1824 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1825 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1827 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1830 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1831 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1832 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1836 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1844 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1846 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1848 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1852 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1854 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1856 Sets up actions for a component.
1860 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1862 =head2 $c->setup_components
1864 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1865 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1866 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1867 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1868 application class name prepended to them.
1872 sub setup_components {
1875 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1876 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1877 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1879 push @paths, @$extra;
1881 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1882 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1886 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
1887 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
1889 for my $component ( @comps ) {
1891 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
1892 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
1893 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
1895 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1897 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1899 $component => $module,
1901 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
1903 not exists $comps{$_}
1904 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
1907 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
1908 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
1913 =head2 $c->setup_component
1917 sub setup_component {
1918 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
1920 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
1924 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
1925 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
1927 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
1929 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1931 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1932 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
1936 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1938 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
1939 ) unless eval { $instance->can( 'can' ) };
1944 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
1950 sub setup_dispatcher {
1951 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1954 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1957 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
1958 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
1961 unless ($dispatcher) {
1962 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1965 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($dispatcher)) {
1966 require Class::Inspector->filename($dispatcher);
1969 # dispatcher instance
1970 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1973 =head2 $c->setup_engine
1980 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1983 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1986 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
1987 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
1990 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1992 # create the apache method
1995 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
1998 my ( $software, $version ) =
1999 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2002 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2004 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2008 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2009 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2012 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2013 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2016 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2017 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2021 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2022 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2027 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2028 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2029 *handler = sub : method {
2030 shift->handle_request(@_);
2034 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2039 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2040 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2044 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2045 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2050 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2053 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
2054 require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
2057 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2059 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2060 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2065 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2066 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2071 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2072 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2077 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2078 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2084 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2085 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2090 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2093 =head2 $c->setup_home
2095 Sets up the home directory.
2100 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2102 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2107 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2111 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2112 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2116 =head2 $c->setup_log
2123 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2125 unless ( $class->log ) {
2126 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2129 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2130 if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) {
2132 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
2133 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2137 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2143 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2145 Sets up timing statistics class.
2150 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2152 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2154 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2155 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2157 *{"$class\::use_stats"} = sub { 1 };
2158 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2163 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2165 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2166 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2168 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2169 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2170 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2172 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2180 sub registered_plugins {
2182 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2184 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2185 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2188 sub _register_plugin {
2189 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2190 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2192 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2193 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2195 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $plugin );
2197 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2200 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2206 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2208 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2210 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2212 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2213 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2216 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2223 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2224 currently executing).
2226 =head2 $c->stats_class
2228 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2230 =head2 $c->use_stats
2232 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2233 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2234 environment variable is set.
2236 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2237 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2244 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2246 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2247 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2248 your output data, if known.
2255 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2256 $c->finalize_headers;
2258 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2263 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2264 messages in template systems.
2268 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2270 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2272 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2273 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2274 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2276 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2278 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2280 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2281 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2284 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2286 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2288 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2290 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2291 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2292 parsing with a config parameter.
2294 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2296 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2298 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2299 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2300 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2301 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2302 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2303 virtual host that the user connected through.
2305 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2306 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2307 changes are made to the request.
2309 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2310 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2312 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2313 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2315 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2317 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2318 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2319 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2322 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2324 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2326 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2328 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2330 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2331 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2332 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2334 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2335 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2336 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2342 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2346 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2347 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2351 http://catalyst.perl.org
2355 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2359 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2361 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2363 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2365 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2367 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2369 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2371 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2373 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2447 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
2451 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2452 the same terms as Perl itself.