4 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
7 use Catalyst::Exception;
10 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
11 use Catalyst::Response;
13 use Catalyst::Controller;
14 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
16 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
17 use Text::SimpleTable ();
18 use Path::Class::Dir ();
19 use Path::Class::File ();
20 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
24 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken/;
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
31 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
33 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
34 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
35 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
36 has stats => (is => 'rw');
37 has action => (is => 'rw');
38 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
40 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
41 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
43 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
44 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
47 # carp "the use of req() is deprecated in favour of request()";
48 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
51 # carp "the use of res() is deprecated in favour of response()";
52 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
55 # For backwards compatibility
56 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
61 our $RECURSION = 1000;
62 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
63 our $GO = "catalyst_go\n";
65 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
66 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
67 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
68 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
69 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
72 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
73 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
74 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
75 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
76 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
78 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
80 our $VERSION = '5.8000_05';
83 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
85 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
87 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
89 my $caller = caller();
90 return if $caller eq 'main';
91 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
92 #Moose->import({ into => $caller }); #do we want to do this?
94 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
95 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
96 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
98 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
99 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
102 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
108 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
112 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
113 documentation and tutorials.
115 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
116 # use the helper to create a new application
119 # add models, views, controllers
120 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
121 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
122 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
124 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
125 # --help to see all available options
126 script/myapp_server.pl
128 # command line testing interface
129 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
132 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
134 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
135 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
136 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
137 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
138 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
140 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
141 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
142 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
143 # do something else after forward returns
147 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
148 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
152 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
153 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
155 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
157 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
158 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
159 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
160 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
162 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
165 # called after all actions are finished
167 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
168 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
169 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
170 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
173 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
174 # called for /foo/bar
175 sub bar : Local { ... }
177 # called for /blargle
178 sub blargle : Global { ... }
180 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
181 sub index : Private { ... }
183 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
184 # called for /foo/bar/baz
185 sub baz : Local { ... }
187 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
188 sub auto : Private { ... }
190 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
191 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
192 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
193 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
194 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
197 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
201 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
202 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
203 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
204 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
206 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
208 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
209 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
210 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
213 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
215 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
216 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
220 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
223 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
224 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
226 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
228 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
229 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
231 The following flags are supported:
235 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
236 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
237 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
242 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
243 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
245 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
249 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
251 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
253 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
254 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
255 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
256 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
257 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
261 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
263 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
267 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
268 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
269 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
274 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
278 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
282 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
283 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
287 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
288 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
290 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
291 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
297 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
298 information about the current client request (including parameters,
299 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
301 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
303 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
305 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
307 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
308 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
309 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
310 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
311 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
313 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
316 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
317 $c->forward('index');
318 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
319 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
321 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
322 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
323 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
326 die $c->error if $c->error;
328 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
331 $c->forward('foo') || return;
335 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
337 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
339 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
343 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
344 processing is finished.
346 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
350 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
352 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@arguments ] )
354 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
356 Almost the same as C<forward>, but does a full dispatch, instead of just
357 calling the new C<$action> / C<$class-E<gt>$method>. This means that C<begin>,
358 C<auto> and the method you go to are called, just like a new request.
360 C<$c-E<gt>stash> is kept unchanged.
362 In effect, C<visit> allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it
363 would have been called by dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
364 C<go> allows you to transfer control to another action as if it had
365 been reached directly from a URL.
369 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
371 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
373 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
375 Almost the same as C<detach>, but does a full dispatch like C<visit>,
376 instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
377 C<$class-E<gt>$method>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the
378 method you visit are called, just like a new request.
380 C<$c-E<gt>stash> is kept unchanged.
384 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
390 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
394 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
395 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
396 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
397 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
398 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
399 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
402 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
403 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
404 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
406 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
407 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
411 around stash => sub {
414 my $stash = $orig->($c);
416 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
417 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
418 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
419 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
429 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
431 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
433 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
434 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
435 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
437 my @error = @{ $c->error };
441 $c->error('Something bad happened');
448 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
449 croak @$error unless ref $c;
450 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
452 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
453 return $c->{error} || [];
459 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
461 =head2 $c->clear_errors
463 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
464 implementing a custom error screen.
466 This is equivalent to running
477 # search components given a name and some prefixes
478 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
479 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
480 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
481 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
483 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
484 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
485 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
487 # undef for a name will return all
488 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
490 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
491 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
493 return map { $c->components->{ $_ } } @result if @result;
495 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
500 @result = map { $c->components->{ $_ } } grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
502 # no results? try against full names
504 @result = map { $c->components->{ $_ } } grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
507 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
509 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->model('${name}'), which found '" .
510 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
511 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
512 my $short = $result[0];
513 $short =~ s/.*?Model:://;
514 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
515 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
516 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
518 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
519 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
520 "component's config";
522 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->model('$short') instead of \$c->model{'${name}'}, " .
523 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
524 "like so: \$c->model(qr/${name}/)";
526 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
532 # Find possible names for a prefix
534 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
535 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
537 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
539 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; } $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
543 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
544 sub _filter_component {
545 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
547 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
548 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
554 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
556 =head2 $c->controller($name)
558 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
560 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
562 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
565 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
567 # find all controllers that start with Foo
568 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
574 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
577 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
578 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
579 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
582 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
585 =head2 $c->model($name)
587 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
589 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
591 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
593 If the name is omitted, it will look for
594 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
595 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
596 - a config setting 'default_model', or
597 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
599 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
601 # find all models that start with Foo
602 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
607 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
610 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
611 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
612 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
616 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
617 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
618 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
619 if $c->stash->{current_model};
621 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
622 if $c->config->{default_model};
624 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
627 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
628 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_model} # the name of the default model to use' );
629 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
630 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
631 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
634 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
638 =head2 $c->view($name)
640 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
642 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
644 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
646 If the name is omitted, it will look for
647 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
648 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
649 - a config setting 'default_view', or
650 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
652 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
654 # find all views that start with Foo
655 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
660 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
663 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
664 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
665 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
669 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
670 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
671 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
672 if $c->stash->{current_view};
674 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
675 if $c->config->{default_view};
677 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
680 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_view} # the name of the default view to use' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
684 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
687 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
690 =head2 $c->controllers
692 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
698 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
703 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
709 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
715 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
721 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
724 =head2 $c->comp($name)
726 =head2 $c->component($name)
728 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
729 unless you want to get a specific component by full
730 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
731 should be used instead.
733 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
734 component name will be returned.
739 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
742 my $comps = $c->components;
745 # is it the exact name?
746 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
747 if exists $comps->{ $name };
749 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
750 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
751 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
752 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
754 # search all of the models, views and controllers
755 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
756 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
759 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
760 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
762 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
763 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
766 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
767 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
768 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
769 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
772 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
776 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
779 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
783 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
785 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
787 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
788 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
789 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
792 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
797 around config => sub {
801 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
802 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
809 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
810 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
811 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
812 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
814 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
819 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
821 Your log class should implement the methods described in
827 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
829 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
830 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
836 =head2 $c->dispatcher
838 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
839 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
843 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
847 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
849 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
851 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
852 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
856 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
861 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
862 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
863 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
864 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
867 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
869 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
870 loads and instantiates the given class.
872 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
874 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
876 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
877 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.9.
878 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
883 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
885 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
886 $class->log->debug(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.9/);
888 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
890 eval { $plugin->import };
891 $class->mk_classdata($name);
893 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
896 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
897 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
901 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
907 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
908 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
909 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
913 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
918 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
919 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
920 if ( $class->setup_finished );
922 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
924 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
925 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
928 if ( $class->arguments ) {
929 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
935 foreach (@arguments) {
939 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
941 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
942 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
945 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
949 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
951 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
952 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
953 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
954 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
955 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
957 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
959 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
960 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
963 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
967 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
968 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
969 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
970 You are running an old script!
972 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
973 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
975 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
976 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
981 if ( $class->debug ) {
982 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
985 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
986 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
987 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
990 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
991 my $engine = $class->engine;
992 my $home = $class->config->{home};
994 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
995 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
999 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1000 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1001 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1004 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1006 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1007 local *setup = sub { };
1011 # Initialize our data structure
1012 $class->components( {} );
1014 $class->setup_components;
1016 if ( $class->debug ) {
1017 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1018 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1019 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1020 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1022 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1023 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1026 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1027 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1028 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1031 $class->setup_actions;
1033 if ( $class->debug ) {
1034 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1035 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1037 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1039 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1040 # which ensures that it gets an inlined constructor. This means that it
1041 # works even if the user has added a plugin which contains a new method.
1042 # Note however that we have to do the work on scope end, so that method
1043 # modifiers work correctly in MyApp (as you have to call setup _before_
1044 # applying modifiers).
1045 Scope::Upper::reap(sub {
1046 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1047 $meta->make_immutable unless $meta->is_immutable;
1048 }, Scope::Upper::SCOPE(1));
1050 $class->setup_finalize;
1053 sub setup_finalize {
1055 $class->setup_finished(1);
1058 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1060 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
1066 A Catalyst::Action object representing the Catalyst action you want to
1067 create a URI for. To get one for an action in the current controller,
1068 use C<< $c->action('someactionname') >>. To get one from different
1069 controller, fetch the controller using C<< $c->controller() >>, then
1070 call C<action_for> on it.
1072 You can maintain the arguments captured by an action (e.g.: Regex, Chained)
1073 using C<< $c->req->captures >>.
1075 # For the current action
1076 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures);
1078 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1079 $c->uri_for($c->controller->('Bar')->action_for('Foo'), $c->req->captures);
1086 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1088 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
1089 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1092 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
1093 return undef unless defined($path);
1094 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1097 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1100 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1102 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1103 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
1105 unshift(@args, $path);
1107 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1108 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1109 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1110 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1112 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1115 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1116 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1117 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1119 my $base = $c->req->base;
1120 my $class = ref($base);
1121 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1125 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1126 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1127 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1128 my $val = $params->{$_};
1129 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1132 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1135 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
1136 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1137 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1139 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1143 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1147 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1149 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1153 sub welcome_message {
1155 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1156 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1157 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1158 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1160 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1161 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1162 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1164 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1165 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1166 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1167 <style type="text/css">
1170 background-color: #eee;
1177 margin-bottom: 10px;
1179 background-color: #ccc;
1180 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1185 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1188 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1191 text-decoration: none;
1193 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1195 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1208 background-color: #fff;
1209 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1213 font-weight: normal;
1235 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1240 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1242 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1243 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1244 framework will make web development something you had
1245 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1246 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1247 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1248 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1249 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1250 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1251 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1253 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1255 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1256 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1258 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1259 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1260 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1261 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1262 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1263 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1264 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1265 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1266 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1267 you are likely to find what you need there.
1271 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1272 get in touch with us.</p>
1275 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1278 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1281 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1284 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1285 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1286 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1287 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1295 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1297 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1299 =head2 $c->components
1301 Returns a hash of components.
1303 =head2 $c->context_class
1305 Returns or sets the context class.
1309 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1310 deep recursion detection).
1314 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1318 Dispatches a request to actions.
1322 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1324 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1326 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1328 =head2 $c->dump_these
1330 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1331 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1337 [ Request => $c->req ],
1338 [ Response => $c->res ],
1339 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1340 [ Config => $c->config ];
1343 =head2 $c->engine_class
1345 Returns or sets the engine class.
1347 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1349 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1355 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1356 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1359 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1360 my $action = $code->reverse();
1361 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1362 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1363 $c->log->error($error);
1369 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1371 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1373 eval { $c->state( $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1375 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1377 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1379 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1380 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) {
1381 die $DETACH if($c->depth > 1);
1383 elsif ( !ref($error) and $error eq $GO ) {
1384 die $GO if($c->depth > 0);
1387 unless ( ref $error ) {
1388 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1390 my $class = $last->class;
1391 my $name = $last->name;
1392 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1401 sub _stats_start_execute {
1402 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1404 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1405 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1407 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1408 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1410 my $action = $action_name;
1411 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1413 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1414 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1415 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1417 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1419 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1420 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1422 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1423 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1424 $action = "-> $action";
1429 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1431 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1432 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1434 # forward, locate the caller
1435 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1438 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1444 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1463 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1464 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1465 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1468 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1472 #Why does this exist? This is no longer safe and WILL NOT WORK.
1473 # it doesnt seem to be used anywhere. can we remove it?
1474 sub _localize_fields {
1475 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1477 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1478 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1480 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1481 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1482 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1489 Finalizes the request.
1496 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1497 $c->log->error($error);
1500 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1501 my $engine = $c->engine;
1502 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1507 $c->finalize_uploads;
1510 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1514 $c->finalize_headers;
1517 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1518 $c->response->body('');
1524 if ($c->use_stats) {
1525 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1526 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1528 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1531 return $c->response->status;
1534 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1540 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1542 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1548 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1550 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1556 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1558 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1564 sub finalize_headers {
1567 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1569 # Check if we already finalized headers
1570 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1573 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1574 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1575 $response->header( Location => $location );
1577 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1578 # Add a default body if none is already present
1580 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1586 if ( $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1588 # get the length from a filehandle
1589 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') )
1591 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1592 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1593 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1596 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1600 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1601 $response->content_length( bytes::length( $response->body ) );
1606 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1607 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1608 $response->body('');
1611 $c->finalize_cookies;
1613 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1616 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1619 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1621 An alias for finalize_body.
1623 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1625 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1629 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1631 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1633 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1637 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1639 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1641 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1645 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1647 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1649 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1654 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1656 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1658 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1662 sub handle_request {
1663 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1665 # Always expect worst case!
1668 if ($class->debug) {
1669 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1670 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1671 my $time = localtime time;
1672 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1675 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1677 $status = $c->finalize;
1680 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1682 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1687 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1688 $class->log->$coderef();
1693 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1695 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1701 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1704 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1705 # into the application.
1706 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1708 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1710 # For on-demand data
1711 $c->request->_context($c);
1712 $c->response->_context($c);
1714 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1715 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1717 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1720 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1721 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1722 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1723 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1726 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1727 $c->prepare_connection;
1728 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1729 $c->prepare_headers;
1730 $c->prepare_cookies;
1733 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1734 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1737 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1738 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1743 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1744 my $path = $c->req->path;
1745 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1746 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1748 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1756 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1758 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1762 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1764 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1766 Prepares message body.
1773 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1775 # Initialize on-demand data
1776 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1777 $c->prepare_parameters;
1778 $c->prepare_uploads;
1780 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1781 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1782 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1783 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1784 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1786 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1788 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1792 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1794 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1796 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1800 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1802 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1805 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1807 Prepares body parameters.
1811 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1813 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1816 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1818 Prepares connection.
1822 sub prepare_connection {
1824 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1827 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1833 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1835 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1841 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1843 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1845 Prepares parameters.
1849 sub prepare_parameters {
1851 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1852 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1855 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1857 Prepares path and base.
1861 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1863 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1865 Prepares query parameters.
1869 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1872 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1874 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1875 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1876 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1877 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1878 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1880 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1882 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1886 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1888 Prepares the input for reading.
1892 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1894 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1896 Prepares the engine request.
1900 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1902 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1908 sub prepare_uploads {
1911 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1913 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1914 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1915 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1920 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1921 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1922 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1923 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1926 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1930 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1932 Prepares the output for writing.
1936 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1938 =head2 $c->request_class
1940 Returns or sets the request class.
1942 =head2 $c->response_class
1944 Returns or sets the response class.
1946 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1948 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1949 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1950 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1952 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1955 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1956 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1957 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1961 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1969 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1971 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1973 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1977 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1979 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1981 Sets up actions for a component.
1985 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1987 =head2 $c->setup_components
1989 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1990 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1991 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1992 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1993 application class name prepended to them.
1995 All components found will also have any
1996 L<Devel::InnerPackage|inner packages> loaded and set up as components.
1997 Note, that modules which are B<not> an I<inner package> of the main
1998 file namespace loaded will not be instantiated as components.
2002 sub setup_components {
2005 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2006 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2007 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2009 push @paths, @$extra;
2011 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2012 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2016 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2017 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2019 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2021 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2022 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2023 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2025 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2026 #Class::MOP::load_class($component);
2028 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
2030 $component => $module,
2032 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
2034 not exists $comps{$_}
2035 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
2038 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
2039 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
2044 =head2 $c->setup_component
2048 sub setup_component {
2049 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2051 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2055 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2056 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2058 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2060 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2062 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2063 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2067 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2069 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
2070 ) unless blessed($instance);
2075 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2081 sub setup_dispatcher {
2082 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2085 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2088 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2089 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2092 unless ($dispatcher) {
2093 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2096 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2098 # dispatcher instance
2099 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2102 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2109 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2112 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2115 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2116 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2119 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2120 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2122 # create the apache method
2123 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2125 my ( $software, $version ) =
2126 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2129 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2131 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2135 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2136 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2139 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2140 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2143 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2144 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2148 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2149 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2154 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2155 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2156 *handler = sub : method {
2157 shift->handle_request(@_);
2161 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2166 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2167 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2171 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2172 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2177 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2180 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2182 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2184 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2185 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2190 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2191 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2196 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2197 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2202 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2203 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2209 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2210 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2215 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2218 =head2 $c->setup_home
2220 Sets up the home directory.
2225 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2227 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2231 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2234 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2235 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2236 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2240 =head2 $c->setup_log
2242 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2243 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2246 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2247 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2248 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2250 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2251 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2252 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2257 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2260 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2261 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2262 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels || '';
2264 unless ( $class->log ) {
2265 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2268 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2269 if ( defined($env_debug) or $levels{debug} ) {
2270 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2271 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2275 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2281 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2283 Sets up timing statistics class.
2288 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2290 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2292 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2293 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2294 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2295 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2300 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2302 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2303 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2305 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2306 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2307 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2309 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2317 sub registered_plugins {
2319 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2321 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2322 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2325 sub _register_plugin {
2326 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2327 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2329 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2330 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2332 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2334 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2337 if ( my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class) ) {
2338 my @superclasses = ($plugin, $meta->superclasses );
2339 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
2341 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2348 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2350 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2352 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2354 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2355 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2358 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2365 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2366 currently executing).
2368 =head2 $c->stats_class
2370 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2372 =head2 $c->use_stats
2374 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2375 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2376 environment variable is set.
2378 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2379 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2386 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2388 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2389 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2390 your output data, if known.
2397 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2398 $c->finalize_headers;
2400 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2405 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2406 messages in template systems.
2410 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2412 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2414 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2415 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2416 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2418 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2420 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2422 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2423 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2426 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2428 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2430 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2432 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2433 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2434 parsing with a config parameter.
2436 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2438 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2440 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2441 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2442 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2443 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2444 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2445 virtual host that the user connected through.
2447 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2448 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2449 changes are made to the request.
2451 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2452 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2454 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2455 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2457 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2459 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2460 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2461 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2464 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2466 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2468 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2470 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2472 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2473 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2474 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2476 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2477 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2478 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2484 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2488 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2489 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2493 http://catalyst.perl.org
2497 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2501 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2503 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2505 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2507 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2509 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2511 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2513 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2515 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2517 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
2519 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
2525 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
2533 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
2535 audreyt: Audrey Tang
2537 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
2539 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
2541 chansen: Christian Hansen
2543 chicks: Christopher Hicks
2547 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
2551 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
2553 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
2555 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
2561 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
2563 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
2565 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
2571 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
2573 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
2575 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
2577 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
2581 naughton: David Naughton
2583 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
2585 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
2587 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
2591 omega: Andreas Marienborg
2593 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
2595 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
2599 the_jester: Jesse Sheidlower
2601 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
2605 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
2609 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2610 the same terms as Perl itself.
2616 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;