3 # we don't need really need this, but if we load it before MRO::Compat gets
4 # loaded (via Moose and Class::MOP), we can avoid some nasty warnings
8 use Class::MOP::Object ();
9 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
11 use Catalyst::Exception;
13 use Catalyst::Request;
14 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
15 use Catalyst::Response;
17 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
24 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
28 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
29 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
30 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
37 has stack => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 # carp "the use of req() is deprecated in favour of request()";
52 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
55 # carp "the use of res() is deprecated in favour of response()";
56 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
59 # For backwards compatibility
60 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
65 our $RECURSION = 1000;
66 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
67 our $GO = "catalyst_go\n";
69 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
70 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
71 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
72 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
73 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
76 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
77 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
78 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
79 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
80 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
82 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
84 our $VERSION = '5.8000_04';
87 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
89 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
91 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
93 my $caller = caller();
94 return if $caller eq 'main';
95 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
96 #Moose->import({ into => $caller }); #do we want to do this?
98 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
99 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
100 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
106 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
112 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
116 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
117 documentation and tutorials.
119 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
120 # use the helper to create a new application
123 # add models, views, controllers
124 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
125 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
126 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
128 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
129 # --help to see all available options
130 script/myapp_server.pl
132 # command line testing interface
133 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
136 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
138 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
139 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
140 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
141 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
142 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
144 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
145 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
146 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
147 # do something else after forward returns
151 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
152 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
156 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
157 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
159 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
161 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
162 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
163 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
164 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
166 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
169 # called after all actions are finished
171 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
172 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
173 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
174 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
177 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
178 # called for /foo/bar
179 sub bar : Local { ... }
181 # called for /blargle
182 sub blargle : Global { ... }
184 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
185 sub index : Private { ... }
187 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
188 # called for /foo/bar/baz
189 sub baz : Local { ... }
191 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
192 sub auto : Private { ... }
194 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
195 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
196 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
197 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
198 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
201 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
205 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
206 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
207 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
208 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
210 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
212 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
213 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
214 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
217 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
219 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
220 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
224 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
227 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
228 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
230 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
232 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
233 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
235 The following flags are supported:
239 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
240 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
241 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
246 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
247 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
249 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
253 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
255 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
257 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
258 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
259 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
260 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
261 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
269 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
270 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
271 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
276 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
280 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
284 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
285 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
289 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
290 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
292 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
293 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
299 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
300 information about the current client request (including parameters,
301 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
303 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
305 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
307 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
309 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
310 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
311 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
312 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
313 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
315 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
318 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
319 $c->forward('index');
320 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
321 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
323 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
324 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
325 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
328 die $c->error if $c->error;
330 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
333 $c->forward('foo') || return;
337 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
339 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
341 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
345 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
346 processing is finished.
348 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
352 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
354 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@arguments ] )
356 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
358 Almost the same as C<forward>, but does a full dispatch, instead of just
359 calling the new C<$action> / C<$class-E<gt>$method>. This means that C<begin>,
360 C<auto> and the method you go to are called, just like a new request.
362 C<$c-E<gt>stash> is kept unchanged.
364 In effect, C<visit> allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it
365 would have been called by dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
366 C<go> allows you to transfer control to another action as if it had
367 been reached directly from a URL.
371 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
373 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
375 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
377 Almost the same as C<detach>, but does a full dispatch like C<visit>,
378 instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
379 C<$class-E<gt>$method>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the
380 method you visit are called, just like a new request.
382 C<$c-E<gt>stash> is kept unchanged.
386 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
392 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
396 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
397 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
398 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
399 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
400 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
401 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
404 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
405 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
406 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
408 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
409 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
413 around stash => sub {
416 my $stash = $orig->($c);
418 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
419 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
420 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
421 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
431 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
433 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
435 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
436 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
437 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
439 my @error = @{ $c->error };
443 $c->error('Something bad happened');
450 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
451 croak @$error unless ref $c;
452 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
454 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
455 return $c->{error} || [];
461 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
463 =head2 $c->clear_errors
465 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
466 implementing a custom error screen.
468 This is equivalent to running
479 # search components given a name and some prefixes
480 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
481 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
482 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
483 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
485 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
486 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
487 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
489 # undef for a name will return all
490 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
492 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
493 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
495 return map { $c->components->{ $_ } } @result if @result;
497 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
502 @result = map { $c->components->{ $_ } } grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
504 # no results? try against full names
506 @result = map { $c->components->{ $_ } } grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
509 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
511 $c->log->warn( qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback.) );
512 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.' );
513 $c->log->warn( 'If you really want to search, pass in a regexp as the argument.' );
519 # Find possible names for a prefix
521 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
522 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
524 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
526 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; } $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
530 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
531 sub _filter_component {
532 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
534 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
535 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
541 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
543 =head2 $c->controller($name)
545 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
547 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
549 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
552 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
554 # find all controllers that start with Foo
555 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
561 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
564 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
565 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
566 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
569 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
572 =head2 $c->model($name)
574 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
576 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
578 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
580 If the name is omitted, it will look for
581 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
582 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
583 - a config setting 'default_model', or
584 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
586 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
588 # find all models that start with Foo
589 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
594 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
597 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
598 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
599 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
603 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
604 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
605 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
606 if $c->stash->{current_model};
608 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
609 if $c->config->{default_model};
611 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
614 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:' );
615 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_model} # the name of the default model to use' );
616 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
617 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
618 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.80, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
621 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
625 =head2 $c->view($name)
627 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
629 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
631 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
633 If the name is omitted, it will look for
634 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
635 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
636 - a config setting 'default_view', or
637 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
639 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
641 # find all views that start with Foo
642 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
647 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
650 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
651 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
652 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
656 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
657 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
658 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
659 if $c->stash->{current_view};
661 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
662 if $c->config->{default_view};
664 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
667 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
668 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_view} # the name of the default view to use' );
669 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
670 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
671 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.80, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
674 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
677 =head2 $c->controllers
679 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
685 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
690 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
696 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
702 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
708 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
711 =head2 $c->comp($name)
713 =head2 $c->component($name)
715 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
716 unless you want to get a specific component by full
717 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
718 should be used instead.
720 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
721 component name will be returned.
726 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
729 my $comps = $c->components;
732 # is it the exact name?
733 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
734 if exists $comps->{ $name };
736 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
737 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
738 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
739 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
741 # search all of the models, views and controllers
742 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
743 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
746 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
747 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
749 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
750 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
753 $c->log->warn( qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback.) );
754 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
755 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
756 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
759 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
763 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
766 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
770 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
772 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
774 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
775 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
776 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
779 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
784 around config => sub {
788 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
789 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
796 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
797 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
798 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
799 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
801 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
806 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
808 Your log class should implement the methods described in
814 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
816 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
817 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
823 =head2 $c->dispatcher
825 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
826 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
830 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
834 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
836 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
838 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
839 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
843 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
848 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
849 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
850 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
851 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
854 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
856 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
857 loads and instantiates the given class.
859 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
861 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
866 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
867 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
869 eval { $plugin->import };
870 $class->mk_classdata($name);
872 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
875 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
876 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
880 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
886 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
887 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
888 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
892 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
897 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
898 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
899 if ( $class->setup_finished );
901 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
903 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
904 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
907 if ( $class->arguments ) {
908 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
914 foreach (@arguments) {
918 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
920 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
921 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
924 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
928 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
930 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
931 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
932 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
933 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
934 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
936 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
938 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
939 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
942 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
946 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
947 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
948 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
949 You are running an old script!
951 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
952 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
954 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
955 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
960 if ( $class->debug ) {
961 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
964 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
965 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
966 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
969 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
970 my $engine = $class->engine;
971 my $home = $class->config->{home};
973 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
974 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
978 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
979 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
980 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
985 no warnings qw/redefine/;
986 local *setup = sub { };
990 # Initialize our data structure
991 $class->components( {} );
993 $class->setup_components;
995 if ( $class->debug ) {
996 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
997 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
998 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
999 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1001 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1002 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1005 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1006 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1007 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1010 $class->setup_actions;
1012 if ( $class->debug ) {
1013 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1014 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1016 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1018 $class->setup_finished(1);
1021 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1023 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
1029 A Catalyst::Action object representing the Catalyst action you want to
1030 create a URI for. To get one for an action in the current controller,
1031 use C<< $c->action('someactionname') >>. To get one from different
1032 controller, fetch the controller using C<< $c->controller() >>, then
1033 call C<action_for> on it.
1035 You can maintain the arguments captured by an action (e.g.: Regex, Chained)
1036 using C<< $c->req->captures >>.
1038 # For the current action
1039 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures);
1041 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1042 $c->uri_for($c->controller->('Bar')->action_for('Foo'), $c->req->captures);
1049 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1051 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
1052 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1055 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
1056 return undef unless defined($path);
1057 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1060 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1063 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1065 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1066 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
1068 unshift(@args, $path);
1070 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1071 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1072 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1073 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1075 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1078 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1079 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1080 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1082 my $base = $c->req->base;
1083 my $class = ref($base);
1084 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1088 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1089 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1090 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1091 my $val = $params->{$_};
1092 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1095 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1098 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
1099 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1100 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1102 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1106 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1110 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1112 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1116 sub welcome_message {
1118 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1119 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1120 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1121 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1123 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1124 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1125 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1127 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1128 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1129 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1130 <style type="text/css">
1133 background-color: #eee;
1140 margin-bottom: 10px;
1142 background-color: #ccc;
1143 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1148 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1151 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1154 text-decoration: none;
1156 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1158 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1171 background-color: #fff;
1172 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1176 font-weight: normal;
1198 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1203 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1205 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1206 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1207 framework will make web development something you had
1208 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1209 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1210 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1211 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1212 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1213 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1214 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1216 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1218 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1219 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1221 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1222 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1223 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1224 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1225 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1226 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1227 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1228 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1229 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1230 you are likely to find what you need there.
1234 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1235 get in touch with us.</p>
1238 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1241 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1244 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1247 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1248 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1249 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1250 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1258 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1260 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1262 =head2 $c->components
1264 Returns a hash of components.
1266 =head2 $c->context_class
1268 Returns or sets the context class.
1272 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1273 deep recursion detection).
1277 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1281 Dispatches a request to actions.
1285 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1287 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1289 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1291 =head2 $c->dump_these
1293 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1294 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1300 [ Request => $c->req ],
1301 [ Response => $c->res ],
1302 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1303 [ Config => $c->config ];
1306 =head2 $c->engine_class
1308 Returns or sets the engine class.
1310 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1312 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1318 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1319 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1322 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1323 my $action = $code->reverse();
1324 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1325 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1326 $c->log->error($error);
1332 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1334 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1336 eval { $c->state( $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1338 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1340 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1342 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1343 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) {
1344 die $DETACH if($c->depth > 1);
1346 elsif ( !ref($error) and $error eq $GO ) {
1347 die $GO if($c->depth > 0);
1350 unless ( ref $error ) {
1351 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1353 my $class = $last->class;
1354 my $name = $last->name;
1355 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1364 sub _stats_start_execute {
1365 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1367 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1368 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1370 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1371 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1373 my $action = $action_name;
1374 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1376 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1377 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1378 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1380 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1382 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1383 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1385 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1386 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1387 $action = "-> $action";
1392 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1394 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1395 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1397 # forward, locate the caller
1398 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1401 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1407 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1426 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1427 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1428 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1431 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1435 #Why does this exist? This is no longer safe and WILL NOT WORK.
1436 # it doesnt seem to be used anywhere. can we remove it?
1437 sub _localize_fields {
1438 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1440 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1441 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1443 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1444 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1445 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1452 Finalizes the request.
1459 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1460 $c->log->error($error);
1463 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1464 my $engine = $c->engine;
1465 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1470 $c->finalize_uploads;
1473 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1477 $c->finalize_headers;
1480 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1481 $c->response->body('');
1487 if ($c->use_stats) {
1488 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1489 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1491 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1494 return $c->response->status;
1497 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1503 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1505 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1511 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1513 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1519 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1521 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1527 sub finalize_headers {
1530 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1532 # Check if we already finalized headers
1533 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1536 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1537 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1538 $response->header( Location => $location );
1540 #Moose TODO: we should probably be using a predicate method here ?
1541 if ( !$response->body ) {
1542 # Add a default body if none is already present
1544 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1550 if ( $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1552 # get the length from a filehandle
1553 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') )
1555 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1556 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1557 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1560 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1564 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1565 $response->content_length( bytes::length( $response->body ) );
1570 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1571 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1572 $response->body('');
1575 $c->finalize_cookies;
1577 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1580 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1583 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1585 An alias for finalize_body.
1587 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1589 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1593 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1595 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1597 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1601 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1603 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1605 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1609 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1611 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1613 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1618 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1620 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1622 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1626 sub handle_request {
1627 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1629 # Always expect worst case!
1632 if ($class->debug) {
1633 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1634 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1635 my $time = localtime time;
1636 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1639 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1641 $status = $c->finalize;
1644 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1646 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1651 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1652 $class->log->$coderef();
1657 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1659 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1665 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1668 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1669 # into the application.
1670 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1672 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1674 # For on-demand data
1675 $c->request->_context($c);
1676 $c->response->_context($c);
1678 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1679 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1681 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1684 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1685 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1686 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1687 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1690 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1691 $c->prepare_connection;
1692 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1693 $c->prepare_headers;
1694 $c->prepare_cookies;
1697 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1698 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1701 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1702 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1707 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1708 my $path = $c->req->path;
1709 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1710 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1712 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1720 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1722 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1726 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1728 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1730 Prepares message body.
1737 #Moose TODO: what is _body ??
1738 # Do we run for the first time?
1739 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1741 # Initialize on-demand data
1742 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1743 $c->prepare_parameters;
1744 $c->prepare_uploads;
1746 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1747 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1748 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1749 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1750 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1752 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1754 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1758 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1760 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1762 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1766 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1768 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1771 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1773 Prepares body parameters.
1777 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1779 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1782 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1784 Prepares connection.
1788 sub prepare_connection {
1790 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1793 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1799 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1801 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1807 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1809 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1811 Prepares parameters.
1815 sub prepare_parameters {
1817 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1818 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1821 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1823 Prepares path and base.
1827 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1829 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1831 Prepares query parameters.
1835 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1838 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1840 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1841 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1842 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1843 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1844 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1846 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1848 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1852 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1854 Prepares the input for reading.
1858 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1860 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1862 Prepares the engine request.
1866 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1868 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1874 sub prepare_uploads {
1877 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1879 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1880 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1881 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1886 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1887 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1888 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1889 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1892 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1896 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1898 Prepares the output for writing.
1902 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1904 =head2 $c->request_class
1906 Returns or sets the request class.
1908 =head2 $c->response_class
1910 Returns or sets the response class.
1912 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1914 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1915 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1916 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1918 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1921 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1922 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1923 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1927 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1935 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1937 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1939 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1943 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1945 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1947 Sets up actions for a component.
1951 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1953 =head2 $c->setup_components
1955 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1956 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1957 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1958 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1959 application class name prepended to them.
1961 All components found will also have any
1962 L<Devel::InnerPackage|inner packages> loaded and set up as components.
1963 Note, that modules which are B<not> an I<inner package> of the main
1964 file namespace loaded will not be instantiated as components.
1968 sub setup_components {
1971 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1972 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1973 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1975 push @paths, @$extra;
1977 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1978 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1982 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
1983 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
1985 for my $component ( @comps ) {
1987 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
1988 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
1989 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
1991 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1992 #Class::MOP::load_class($component);
1994 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1996 $component => $module,
1998 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
2000 not exists $comps{$_}
2001 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
2004 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
2005 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
2010 =head2 $c->setup_component
2014 sub setup_component {
2015 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2017 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2021 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2022 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2024 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2026 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2028 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2029 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2033 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2035 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
2036 ) unless blessed($instance);
2041 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2047 sub setup_dispatcher {
2048 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2051 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2054 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2055 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2058 unless ($dispatcher) {
2059 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2062 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2064 # dispatcher instance
2065 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2068 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2075 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2078 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2081 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2082 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2085 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2086 my $meta = $class->Class::MOP::Object::meta();
2088 # create the apache method
2089 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2091 my ( $software, $version ) =
2092 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2095 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2097 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2101 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2102 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2105 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2106 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2109 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2110 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2114 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2115 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2120 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2121 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2122 *handler = sub : method {
2123 shift->handle_request(@_);
2127 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2132 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2133 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2137 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2138 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2143 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2146 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2148 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2150 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2151 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2156 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2157 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2162 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2163 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2168 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2169 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2175 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2176 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2181 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2184 =head2 $c->setup_home
2186 Sets up the home directory.
2191 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2193 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2197 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2200 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2201 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2202 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2206 =head2 $c->setup_log
2213 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2215 unless ( $class->log ) {
2216 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2219 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2220 if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) {
2221 $class->Class::MOP::Object::meta()->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2222 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2226 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2232 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2234 Sets up timing statistics class.
2239 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2241 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2243 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2244 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2245 $class->Class::MOP::Object::meta()->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2246 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2251 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2253 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2254 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2256 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2257 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2258 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2260 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2268 sub registered_plugins {
2270 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2272 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2273 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2276 sub _register_plugin {
2277 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2278 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2280 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2281 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2283 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2285 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2288 if ( my $meta = $class->Class::MOP::Object::meta() ) {
2289 my @superclasses = ($plugin, $meta->superclasses );
2290 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
2292 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2299 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2301 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2303 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2305 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2306 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2309 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2316 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2317 currently executing).
2319 =head2 $c->stats_class
2321 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2323 =head2 $c->use_stats
2325 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2326 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2327 environment variable is set.
2329 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2330 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2337 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2339 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2340 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2341 your output data, if known.
2348 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2349 $c->finalize_headers;
2351 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2356 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2357 messages in template systems.
2361 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2363 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2365 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2366 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2367 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2369 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2371 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2373 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2374 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2377 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2379 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2381 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2383 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2384 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2385 parsing with a config parameter.
2387 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2389 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2391 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2392 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2393 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2394 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2395 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2396 virtual host that the user connected through.
2398 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2399 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2400 changes are made to the request.
2402 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2403 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2405 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2406 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2408 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2410 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2411 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2412 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2415 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2417 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2419 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2421 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2423 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2424 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2425 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2427 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2428 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2429 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2435 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2439 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2440 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2444 http://catalyst.perl.org
2448 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2452 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2454 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2456 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2458 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2460 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2462 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2464 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2466 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2468 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
2470 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
2476 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
2484 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
2486 audreyt: Audrey Tang
2488 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
2490 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
2492 chansen: Christian Hansen
2494 chicks: Christopher Hicks
2496 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
2500 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
2502 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
2504 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
2510 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
2512 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
2518 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
2520 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
2522 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
2524 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
2528 naughton: David Naughton
2530 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
2532 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
2534 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
2538 omega: Andreas Marienborg
2540 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
2542 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
2546 the_jester: Jesse Sheidlower
2550 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
2554 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2555 the same terms as Perl itself.
2561 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;