4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
49 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
50 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
51 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
53 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
54 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
57 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
60 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
63 # For backwards compatibility
64 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
69 our $RECURSION = 1000;
70 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
71 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
73 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
74 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
75 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
76 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
77 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
78 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/;
80 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
81 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
82 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
83 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
85 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
87 our $VERSION = '5.90004';
90 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
92 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
94 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
96 my $caller = caller();
97 return if $caller eq 'main';
99 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
100 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
101 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
102 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
104 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
105 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
107 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
108 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
109 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
116 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
120 sub _application { $_[0] }
124 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
128 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
129 documentation and tutorials.
131 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
132 # use the helper to create a new application
135 # add models, views, controllers
136 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
137 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
138 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
140 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
141 # --help to see all available options
142 script/myapp_server.pl
144 # command line testing interface
145 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
148 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
150 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
151 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
152 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
153 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
154 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
156 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
157 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
158 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
159 # do something else after forward returns
163 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
164 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
168 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
169 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
171 # called after all actions are finished
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
175 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
176 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
179 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
183 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
184 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
185 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
186 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
188 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
190 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
191 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
192 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
195 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
197 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
198 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
202 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
205 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
206 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
208 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
210 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
211 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
213 The following flags are supported:
217 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
218 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
219 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
223 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
227 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
229 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
231 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
232 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
233 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
234 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
235 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
237 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
238 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
239 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
240 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
241 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
242 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
243 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
247 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
249 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
253 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
255 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
257 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
258 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
259 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
261 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
265 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
269 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
270 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
274 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
275 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
277 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
278 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
284 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
285 information about the current client request (including parameters,
286 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
288 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
290 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
292 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
294 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
295 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
296 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
297 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
298 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
300 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
303 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
304 $c->forward('index');
305 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
306 $c->forward('View::TT');
308 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
309 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
310 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
311 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
312 need to do something like:
315 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
317 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
320 $c->forward('foo') || return;
322 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
323 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
324 Thus, something like:
328 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
329 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
330 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
333 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
335 and access it from the stash.
337 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
341 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
343 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
345 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
349 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
350 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
352 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
356 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
358 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
360 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
362 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
363 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
364 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
365 you go to are called, just like a new request.
367 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
368 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
369 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
370 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
371 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
372 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
373 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
374 invoked from the callee.
376 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
378 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
379 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
380 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
381 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
382 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
386 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
388 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
390 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
392 The relationship between C<go> and
393 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
394 the relationship between
395 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
396 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
397 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
398 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
399 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
400 does not return to its caller.
402 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
403 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
408 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
414 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
418 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
419 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
420 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
421 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
422 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
423 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
426 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
427 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
428 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
430 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
431 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
435 around stash => sub {
438 my $stash = $orig->($c);
440 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
441 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
442 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
443 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
453 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
455 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
457 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
458 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
459 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
461 my @error = @{ $c->error };
465 $c->error('Something bad happened');
472 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
473 croak @$error unless ref $c;
474 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
476 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
477 return $c->{error} || [];
483 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
484 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
485 values it returns are scalar.
487 =head2 $c->clear_errors
489 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
490 implementing a custom error screen.
492 This is equivalent to running
503 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
505 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
508 # search components given a name and some prefixes
509 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
510 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
511 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
512 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
513 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
515 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
516 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
517 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
519 # undef for a name will return all
520 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
522 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
523 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
525 return @result if @result;
527 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
530 # skip regexp fallback if configured
532 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
536 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
538 # no results? try against full names
540 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
543 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
545 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
546 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
547 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
548 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
549 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
550 my $short = $result[0];
551 # remove the component namespace prefix
552 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
553 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
554 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
555 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
557 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
558 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
559 "component's config";
561 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
562 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
563 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
565 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
571 # Find possible names for a prefix
573 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
574 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
576 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
578 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
579 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
584 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
585 sub _filter_component {
586 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
588 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
589 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
595 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
597 =head2 $c->controller($name)
599 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
601 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
603 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
606 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
608 # find all controllers that start with Foo
609 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
615 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
617 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
619 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
620 my $comps = $c->components;
621 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
622 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
624 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
625 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
626 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
629 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
632 =head2 $c->model($name)
634 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
636 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
638 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
640 If the name is omitted, it will look for
641 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
642 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
643 - a config setting 'default_model', or
644 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
646 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
648 # find all models that start with Foo
649 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
654 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
655 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
657 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
658 my $comps = $c->components;
659 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
660 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
662 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
663 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
664 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
668 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
669 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
670 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
671 if $c->stash->{current_model};
673 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
674 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
676 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
679 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
680 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
686 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
690 =head2 $c->view($name)
692 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
694 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
696 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
698 If the name is omitted, it will look for
699 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
700 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
701 - a config setting 'default_view', or
702 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
704 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
706 # find all views that start with Foo
707 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
712 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
714 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
716 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
717 my $comps = $c->components;
718 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
719 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
720 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
723 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
726 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
727 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
728 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
732 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
733 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
734 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
735 if $c->stash->{current_view};
737 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
738 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
740 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
743 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
744 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
745 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
746 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
747 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
750 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
753 =head2 $c->controllers
755 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
761 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
766 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
772 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
778 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
784 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
787 =head2 $c->comp($name)
789 =head2 $c->component($name)
791 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
792 unless you want to get a specific component by full
793 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
794 should be used instead.
796 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
797 component name will be returned.
799 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
800 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
801 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
803 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
808 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
811 my $comps = $c->components;
814 # is it the exact name?
815 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
816 if exists $comps->{ $name };
818 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
819 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
820 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
821 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
823 # search all of the models, views and controllers
824 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
825 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
829 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
831 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
832 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
834 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
835 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
838 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
839 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
840 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
841 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
844 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
848 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
851 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
855 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
857 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
859 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
860 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
861 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
863 =head3 Cascading configuration
865 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
866 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
867 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
868 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
869 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
870 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
872 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
873 component is constructed.
877 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
878 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
880 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
883 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
889 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
890 on the receiving component to access the config value.
892 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
896 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
902 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
903 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
905 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
906 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
907 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
908 the constructor and use those instead.
912 around config => sub {
916 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
917 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
924 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
925 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
926 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
927 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
929 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
934 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
936 Your log class should implement the methods described in
942 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
944 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
948 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
950 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
952 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
954 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
958 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
960 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
966 =head2 $c->dispatcher
968 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
972 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
975 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
977 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
979 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
980 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
981 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
982 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
986 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
991 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
992 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
993 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
994 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
998 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1000 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1001 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/);
1003 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1005 eval { $plugin->import };
1006 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1008 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1011 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1012 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1015 $class->$name($obj);
1016 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1022 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1023 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1024 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1028 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1033 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1034 croak('Running setup more than once')
1035 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1037 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1039 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1040 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1043 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1044 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1050 foreach (@arguments) {
1054 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1056 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1057 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1060 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1064 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1066 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1067 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1068 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1069 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1070 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1072 $class->setup_engine();
1073 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1075 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1077 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1078 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1081 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1085 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1086 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1087 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1088 You are running an old script!
1090 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1091 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1093 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1094 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1099 if ( $class->debug ) {
1100 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1103 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1104 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1105 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1106 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1109 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1110 my $engine = $class->engine;
1111 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1113 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1114 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1118 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1119 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1120 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1123 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1124 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1126 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1127 local *setup = sub { };
1128 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1131 # Initialize our data structure
1132 $class->components( {} );
1134 $class->setup_components;
1136 if ( $class->debug ) {
1137 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1138 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1139 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1140 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1141 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1143 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1144 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1147 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1148 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1149 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1152 $class->setup_actions;
1154 if ( $class->debug ) {
1155 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1156 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1159 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1160 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1162 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1165 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1167 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1168 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1171 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1172 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1173 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1174 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1175 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1177 $meta->make_immutable(
1178 replace_constructor => 1,
1179 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1182 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1183 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1184 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1187 $class->setup_finalize;
1188 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1189 # setup_finalize can log..
1190 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1191 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1194 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1196 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1197 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1199 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1203 after setup_finalize => sub {
1211 sub setup_finalize {
1213 $class->setup_finished(1);
1216 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1218 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1220 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1221 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1222 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1223 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1224 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1226 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1227 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1228 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1230 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1231 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1232 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1233 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1234 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1236 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1237 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1238 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1239 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1240 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1241 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1244 The captures for the current request can be found in
1245 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1246 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1247 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1249 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1250 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1251 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1253 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1254 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1256 # Path to a static resource
1257 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1262 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1264 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1265 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1270 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1273 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1275 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1276 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1277 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1278 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1281 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1282 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1283 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1284 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1288 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1289 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1290 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1294 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1295 if (not defined $path) {
1296 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1300 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1303 unshift(@args, $path);
1305 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1306 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1307 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1308 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1310 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1313 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1314 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1315 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1317 my $base = $c->req->base;
1318 my $class = ref($base);
1319 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1323 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1324 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1325 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1326 my $val = $params->{$_};
1327 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1330 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1333 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1334 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1335 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1337 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1341 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1345 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1347 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1353 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1355 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1356 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1359 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1362 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1364 For example, if the action looks like:
1366 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1368 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1372 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1374 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1380 sub uri_for_action {
1381 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1382 my $action = blessed($path)
1384 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1385 unless (defined $action) {
1386 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1388 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1391 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1393 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1397 sub welcome_message {
1399 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1400 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1401 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1402 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1404 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1405 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1406 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1408 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1409 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1410 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1411 <style type="text/css">
1414 background-color: #eee;
1421 margin-bottom: 10px;
1423 background-color: #ccc;
1424 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1429 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1432 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1435 text-decoration: none;
1437 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1439 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1452 background-color: #fff;
1453 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1457 font-weight: normal;
1479 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1484 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1486 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1487 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1488 framework will make web development something you had
1489 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1490 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1491 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1492 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1493 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1494 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1495 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1497 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1499 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1500 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1502 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1503 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1504 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1505 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1506 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1507 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1508 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1509 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1510 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1511 you are likely to find what you need there.
1515 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1516 get in touch with us.</p>
1519 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1522 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1525 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1528 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1529 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1530 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1531 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1539 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1541 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1543 =head2 $c->components
1545 Returns a hash of components.
1547 =head2 $c->context_class
1549 Returns or sets the context class.
1553 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1554 deep recursion detection).
1558 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1562 Dispatches a request to actions.
1566 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1568 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1570 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1572 =head2 $c->dump_these
1574 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1575 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1581 [ Request => $c->req ],
1582 [ Response => $c->res ],
1583 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1584 [ Config => $c->config ];
1587 =head2 $c->engine_class
1589 Returns or sets the engine class.
1591 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1593 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1599 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1600 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1603 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1604 my $action = $code->reverse();
1605 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1606 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1607 $c->log->error($error);
1613 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1615 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1617 no warnings 'recursion';
1618 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1619 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1620 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1622 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1624 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1626 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1627 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1628 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1630 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1631 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1634 unless ( ref $error ) {
1635 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1637 my $class = $last->class;
1638 my $name = $last->name;
1639 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1648 sub _stats_start_execute {
1649 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1650 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1651 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1652 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1654 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1655 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1657 my $action = $action_name;
1658 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1660 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1661 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1662 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1664 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1666 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1667 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1669 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1670 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1671 $action = "-> $action";
1676 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1678 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1679 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1680 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1682 # forward, locate the caller
1683 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1686 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1692 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1711 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1712 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1713 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1718 Finalizes the request.
1725 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1726 $c->log->error($error);
1729 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1730 my $engine = $c->engine;
1731 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1736 $c->finalize_uploads;
1739 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1743 $c->finalize_headers;
1746 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1747 $c->response->body('');
1755 if ($c->use_stats) {
1756 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1757 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1759 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1762 return $c->response->status;
1765 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1771 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1773 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1779 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1781 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1787 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1789 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1795 sub finalize_headers {
1798 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1800 # Check if we already finalized headers
1801 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1804 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1805 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1806 $response->header( Location => $location );
1808 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1809 # Add a default body if none is already present
1810 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1811 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1812 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1814 <title>Moved</title>
1817 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1821 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1826 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1828 # get the length from a filehandle
1829 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1831 my $size = -s $response->body;
1833 $response->content_length( $size );
1836 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1840 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1841 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1846 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1847 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1848 $response->body('');
1851 $c->finalize_cookies;
1853 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1856 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1859 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1861 An alias for finalize_body.
1863 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1865 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1869 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1871 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1873 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1877 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1879 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1881 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1885 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1887 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1889 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1894 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1896 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1898 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1902 sub handle_request {
1903 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1905 # Always expect worst case!
1908 if ($class->debug) {
1909 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1910 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1911 my $time = localtime time;
1912 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1915 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1917 $status = $c->finalize;
1920 chomp(my $error = $_);
1921 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1926 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1927 $class->log->$coderef();
1932 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1934 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1940 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1943 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1944 # into the application.
1945 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1947 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1949 # For on-demand data
1950 $c->request->_context($c);
1951 $c->response->_context($c);
1953 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1954 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1955 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1956 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1960 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1961 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1962 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1965 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1966 $c->prepare_connection;
1967 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1968 $c->prepare_headers;
1969 $c->prepare_cookies;
1972 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1973 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1976 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1977 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1982 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
1984 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
1985 $c->response->status(400);
1986 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
1987 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
1992 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1993 my $path = $c->req->path;
1994 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1995 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2004 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2006 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2010 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2012 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2014 Prepares message body.
2021 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2023 # Initialize on-demand data
2024 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2025 $c->prepare_parameters;
2026 $c->prepare_uploads;
2029 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2031 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2033 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2037 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2039 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2042 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2044 Prepares body parameters.
2048 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2050 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2053 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2055 Prepares connection.
2059 sub prepare_connection {
2061 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2064 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2070 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2072 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2078 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2080 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2082 Prepares parameters.
2086 sub prepare_parameters {
2088 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2089 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2092 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2094 Prepares path and base.
2098 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2100 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2102 Prepares query parameters.
2106 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2109 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2112 =head2 $c->log_request
2114 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2118 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2120 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2122 =item * Request parameters
2124 =item * File uploads
2133 return unless $c->debug;
2135 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2136 my $request = $dump->[1];
2138 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2140 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2142 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2144 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2146 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2147 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2150 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2152 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2155 =head2 $c->log_response
2157 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2158 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2165 return unless $c->debug;
2167 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2168 my $response = $dump->[1];
2170 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2171 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2174 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2176 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2180 =item * Response status code
2182 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2184 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2190 sub log_response_status_line {
2191 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2195 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2196 $response->status || 'unknown',
2197 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2198 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2203 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2205 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2206 No-op in the default implementation.
2210 sub log_response_headers {}
2212 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2214 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2218 sub log_request_parameters {
2220 my %all_params = @_;
2222 return unless $c->debug;
2224 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2225 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2226 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2227 next if ! keys %$params;
2228 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2229 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2230 my $param = $params->{$key};
2231 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2232 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2234 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2238 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2240 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2241 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2246 sub log_request_uploads {
2248 my $request = shift;
2249 return unless $c->debug;
2250 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2251 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2252 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2253 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2258 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2259 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2260 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2261 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2264 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2268 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2270 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2271 No-op in the default implementation.
2275 sub log_request_headers {}
2277 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2279 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2286 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2288 return unless $c->debug;
2290 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2291 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2294 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2295 $t->row( $name, $value );
2298 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2302 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2304 Prepares the input for reading.
2308 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2310 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2312 Prepares the engine request.
2316 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2318 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2324 sub prepare_uploads {
2327 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2330 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2332 Prepares the output for writing.
2336 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2338 =head2 $c->request_class
2340 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2342 =head2 $c->response_class
2344 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2346 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2348 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2349 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2350 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2352 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2355 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2356 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2357 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2361 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2371 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2372 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2373 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2376 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2378 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2382 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2384 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2386 Sets up actions for a component.
2390 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2392 =head2 $c->setup_components
2394 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2396 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2397 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2398 each component into the application.
2400 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2402 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2407 sub setup_components {
2410 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2412 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2413 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2415 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2416 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2417 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2418 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2420 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2422 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2423 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2424 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2426 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2429 for my $component (@comps) {
2430 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2431 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2432 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2433 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2434 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2435 next if $comps{$component};
2436 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2441 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2443 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2444 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2446 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2447 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2448 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2449 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2453 sub locate_components {
2457 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2458 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2460 push @paths, @$extra;
2462 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2463 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2467 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2468 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2473 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2475 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2476 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2480 sub expand_component_module {
2481 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2482 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2485 =head2 $c->setup_component
2489 sub setup_component {
2490 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2492 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2496 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2497 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2498 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2499 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2500 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2501 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2503 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2505 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2507 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2508 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2512 unless (blessed $instance) {
2513 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2514 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2515 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2516 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2517 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2519 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2525 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2531 sub setup_dispatcher {
2532 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2535 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2538 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2539 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2542 unless ($dispatcher) {
2543 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2546 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2548 # dispatcher instance
2549 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2552 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2559 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2561 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2562 $class->engine_loader(
2563 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2564 application_name => $class,
2565 (defined $requested_engine
2566 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2571 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2575 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2578 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2580 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2581 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2582 application_name => $class,
2583 (defined $requested_engine
2584 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2587 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2590 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2593 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2594 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2596 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2598 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2599 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2601 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2602 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2603 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2604 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2606 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2608 my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app;
2609 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2612 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2615 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2620 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2623 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2624 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2625 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2628 return $app->_psgi_app;
2631 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2634 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2635 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2636 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2639 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2641 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2642 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2643 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2644 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2645 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2647 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2648 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2649 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2652 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2655 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2657 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2658 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2662 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2665 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2667 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2668 useful and commonly needed:
2670 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2671 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2672 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2673 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2674 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2676 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2677 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2683 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2684 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2686 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2688 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2691 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2692 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2693 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2697 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2698 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2699 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2701 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2702 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2704 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2711 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2712 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2713 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2715 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2716 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2722 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2725 =head2 $c->setup_home
2727 Sets up the home directory.
2732 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2734 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2738 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2741 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2742 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2743 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2747 =head2 $c->setup_log
2749 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2750 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2753 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2754 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2755 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2757 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2758 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2759 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2764 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2767 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2768 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2769 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2771 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2772 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2773 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2774 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2777 unless ( $class->log ) {
2778 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2781 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2782 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2783 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2787 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2793 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2795 Sets up timing statistics class.
2800 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2802 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2804 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2805 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2806 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2807 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2812 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2814 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2817 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2818 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2819 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2821 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2829 sub registered_plugins {
2831 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2833 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2834 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2837 sub _register_plugin {
2838 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2839 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2841 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2842 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2843 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2844 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2846 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2847 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2853 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2855 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2856 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2859 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2860 $class . '::Plugin',
2861 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2867 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2868 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2869 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2870 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2872 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2876 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2877 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2878 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2881 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2889 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2890 currently executing).
2894 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2895 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2896 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2898 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2899 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2900 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2903 =head2 $c->stats_class
2905 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2907 =head2 $c->use_stats
2909 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2911 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2912 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2919 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2921 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2922 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2923 your output data, if known.
2930 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2931 $c->finalize_headers;
2933 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2938 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2939 messages in template systems.
2943 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2945 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2947 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2953 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2957 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2961 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2962 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2963 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2964 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2965 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2969 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2970 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2971 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2975 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2979 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2984 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2985 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2986 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2990 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2991 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2992 templates to a different directory.
2996 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2997 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2998 C<< $c->components >>).
3002 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3003 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3007 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3008 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3010 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3011 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3012 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3014 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3015 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3019 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3021 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3022 The path is synthesised from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3023 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3024 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3026 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3027 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3028 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3029 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3031 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3033 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3034 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3035 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3037 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3038 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3039 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3041 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3042 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3043 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3044 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3045 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3051 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3055 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3057 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3058 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3059 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3061 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3063 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3065 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3066 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3067 parsing with a config parameter.
3069 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3071 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3073 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3074 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3075 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3076 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3077 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3078 virtual host that the user connected through.
3080 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3081 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3082 changes are made to the request.
3084 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3085 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3087 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3088 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3090 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3091 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3092 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3093 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3094 be created properly.
3096 In the case of passing in:
3098 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3100 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3102 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3104 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3105 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3106 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3109 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3111 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3113 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3115 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3117 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3118 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3119 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3121 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3122 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3123 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3129 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3133 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3134 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3138 http://catalyst.perl.org
3142 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3146 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3148 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3150 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3152 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3154 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3156 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3158 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3160 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3162 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3164 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3170 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3172 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3176 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3180 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3182 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3184 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3186 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3188 chansen: Christian Hansen
3190 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3192 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3194 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3196 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3198 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3202 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3204 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3208 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3210 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3212 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3214 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3216 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3220 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3224 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3226 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3228 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3230 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3232 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3234 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3240 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3242 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3244 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3246 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3248 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3250 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3252 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3256 naughton: David Naughton
3258 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3260 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3262 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3268 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3270 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3272 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3274 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3276 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3278 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3280 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3284 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3286 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3290 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3292 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3294 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3296 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3298 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3300 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3302 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3306 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3310 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3311 the same terms as Perl itself.
3317 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;