4 use base 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
10 use Catalyst::Response;
12 use Catalyst::Controller;
13 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
15 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
17 use Text::SimpleTable ();
18 use Path::Class::Dir ();
19 use Path::Class::File ();
20 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
24 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Carp qw/croak carp/;
31 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
33 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
34 qw/counter request response state action stack namespace stats/
37 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
44 # For backwards compatibility
45 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
50 our $RECURSION = 1000;
51 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
53 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
54 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
55 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
58 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
59 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
60 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
61 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
62 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
64 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
66 our $VERSION = '5.7014';
69 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
71 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
73 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
75 my $caller = caller(0);
77 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
79 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller';
82 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
88 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
92 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
93 documentation and tutorials.
95 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
96 # use the helper to create a new application
99 # add models, views, controllers
100 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
101 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
102 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
104 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
105 # --help to see all available options
106 script/myapp_server.pl
108 # command line testing interface
109 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
112 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
114 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
115 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
116 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
117 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
118 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
120 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
121 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
122 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
123 # do something else after forward returns
127 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
128 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
132 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
133 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
135 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
137 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
138 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
139 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
140 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
142 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
145 # called after all actions are finished
147 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
148 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
149 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
150 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
153 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
154 # called for /foo/bar
155 sub bar : Local { ... }
157 # called for /blargle
158 sub blargle : Global { ... }
160 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
161 sub index : Private { ... }
163 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
164 # called for /foo/bar/baz
165 sub baz : Local { ... }
167 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
168 sub auto : Private { ... }
170 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
171 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
172 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
173 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
174 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
177 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
181 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
182 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
183 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
184 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
186 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
188 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
189 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
190 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
193 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
195 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
196 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
200 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
203 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
204 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
206 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
208 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
209 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
211 The following flags are supported:
215 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
216 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
217 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
223 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
225 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
229 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
231 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
233 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
234 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
235 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
236 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
237 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
245 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
246 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
247 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
252 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
256 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
260 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
261 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
265 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
266 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
268 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
269 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
275 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
276 information about the current client request (including parameters,
277 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
279 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
281 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
283 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
285 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
286 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
287 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
288 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
289 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
291 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
294 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
295 $c->forward('index');
296 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
297 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
299 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
300 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
301 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
304 die $c->error if $c->error;
306 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
309 $c->forward('foo') || return;
313 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
315 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
317 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
321 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
322 processing is finished.
324 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
328 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
334 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
338 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
339 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
340 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
341 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
342 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
343 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
346 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
347 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
348 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
350 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
351 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
358 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
359 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
360 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
361 $c->{stash}->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
369 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
371 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
373 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
374 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
375 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
377 my @error = @{ $c->error };
381 $c->error('Something bad happened');
388 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
389 croak @$error unless ref $c;
390 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
392 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
393 return $c->{error} || [];
399 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
401 =head2 $c->clear_errors
403 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
404 implementing a custom error screen.
406 This is equivalent to running
417 # search components given a name and some prefixes
418 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
419 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
420 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
421 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
423 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
424 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
425 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
427 # undef for a name will return all
428 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
430 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
431 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
433 return map { $c->components->{ $_ } } @result if @result;
435 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
440 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
442 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
444 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
445 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
451 # Find possible names for a prefix
453 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
454 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
456 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
458 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; } $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
462 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
463 sub _filter_component {
464 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
466 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
467 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
473 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
475 =head2 $c->controller($name)
477 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
479 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
481 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
487 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
490 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
491 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
492 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
495 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
498 =head2 $c->model($name)
500 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
502 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
504 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
506 If the name is omitted, it will look for
507 - a model object in $c->stash{current_model_instance}, then
508 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
509 - a config setting 'default_model', or
510 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
515 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
518 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
519 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
520 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
524 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
525 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
526 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
527 if $c->stash->{current_model};
529 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
530 if $c->config->{default_model};
532 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
535 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:' );
536 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_model} # the name of the default model to use' );
537 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
538 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
541 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
545 =head2 $c->view($name)
547 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
549 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
551 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
553 If the name is omitted, it will look for
554 - a view object in $c->stash{current_view_instance}, then
555 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
556 - a config setting 'default_view', or
557 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
562 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
565 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
566 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
567 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
571 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
572 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
573 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
574 if $c->stash->{current_view};
576 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
577 if $c->config->{default_view};
579 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
582 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
583 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_view} # the name of the default view to use' );
584 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
585 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
588 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
591 =head2 $c->controllers
593 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
599 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
604 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
610 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
616 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
622 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
625 =head2 $c->comp($name)
627 =head2 $c->component($name)
629 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
630 unless you want to get a specific component by full
631 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
632 should be used instead.
637 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
640 my $comps = $c->components;
643 # is it the exact name?
644 return $comps->{ $name } if exists $comps->{ $name };
646 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
647 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
648 return $comps->{ $composed } if exists $comps->{ $composed };
650 # search all of the models, views and controllers
651 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
652 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
655 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
656 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
658 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
659 return @result if ref $name;
660 return $result[ 0 ] if $result[ 0 ];
662 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
666 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
669 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
673 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
675 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
677 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
678 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
679 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
682 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
690 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
691 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
693 $c->NEXT::config(@_);
698 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
699 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
700 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
701 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
703 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
708 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
710 Your log class should implement the methods described in
716 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
718 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
719 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
725 =head2 $c->dispatcher
727 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
728 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
732 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
736 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
738 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
740 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
741 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
745 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
750 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
751 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
752 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
753 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
756 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
758 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
759 loads and instantiates the given class.
761 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
763 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
768 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
769 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
771 eval { $plugin->import };
772 $class->mk_classdata($name);
774 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
777 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
778 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
782 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
788 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
789 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
790 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
794 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
799 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
801 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
802 if ( $class->setup_finished );
804 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
806 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
807 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
810 if ( $class->arguments ) {
811 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
817 foreach (@arguments) {
821 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
823 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
824 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
827 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
831 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
833 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
834 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
835 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
836 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
837 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
839 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
841 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
842 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
845 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
849 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
850 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
851 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
852 You are running an old script!
854 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
855 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
857 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
858 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
863 if ( $class->debug ) {
864 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
867 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
868 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
869 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
872 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
873 my $engine = $class->engine;
874 my $home = $class->config->{home};
876 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
877 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
881 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
882 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
883 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
888 no warnings qw/redefine/;
889 local *setup = sub { };
893 # Initialize our data structure
894 $class->components( {} );
896 $class->setup_components;
898 if ( $class->debug ) {
899 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
900 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
901 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
902 $t->row( $comp, $type );
904 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
905 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
908 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
909 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
911 $class->setup_actions;
913 if ( $class->debug ) {
914 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
915 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
917 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
919 $class->setup_finished(1);
922 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
924 Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with
925 C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L<URI>
926 object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path.
927 If the last argument to C<uri_for> is a hash reference, it is assumed to
928 contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI
931 Note that uri_for is destructive to the passed hashref. Subsequent calls
932 with the same hashref may have unintended results.
934 Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object
935 which will be resolved to a path using
936 C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of
937 C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed
938 to C<uri_for_action>.
943 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
945 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
946 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
949 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
950 return undef unless defined($path);
951 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
954 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
957 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
959 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
960 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
962 unshift(@args, $path);
964 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
965 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
966 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
967 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
969 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
972 # join args with '/', or a blank string
973 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
974 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
976 my $base = $c->req->base;
977 my $class = ref($base);
978 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
982 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
983 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
984 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
985 my $val = $params->{$_};
986 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
989 $val = '' unless defined $val;
992 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
993 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
994 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
996 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1000 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1004 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1006 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1010 sub welcome_message {
1012 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1013 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1014 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1015 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1017 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1018 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1019 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1021 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1022 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1023 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1024 <style type="text/css">
1027 background-color: #eee;
1034 margin-bottom: 10px;
1036 background-color: #ccc;
1037 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1042 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1045 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1048 text-decoration: none;
1050 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1052 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1065 background-color: #fff;
1066 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1070 font-weight: normal;
1092 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1097 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1099 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1100 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1101 framework will make web development something you had
1102 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1103 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1104 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1105 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1106 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1107 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1108 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1110 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1112 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1113 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1115 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1116 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1117 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1118 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1119 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1120 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1121 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1122 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1123 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1124 you are likely to find what you need there.
1128 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1129 get in touch with us.</p>
1132 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1135 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1138 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1141 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1142 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1143 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1144 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1152 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1154 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1156 =head2 $c->components
1158 Returns a hash of components.
1160 =head2 $c->context_class
1162 Returns or sets the context class.
1166 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1167 deep recursion detection).
1171 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1175 Dispatches a request to actions.
1179 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1181 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1183 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1185 =head2 $c->dump_these
1187 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1188 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1194 [ Request => $c->req ],
1195 [ Response => $c->res ],
1196 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1197 [ Config => $c->config ];
1200 =head2 $c->engine_class
1202 Returns or sets the engine class.
1204 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1206 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1212 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1213 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1216 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1217 my $action = "$code";
1218 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1219 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "$action"/;
1220 $c->log->error($error);
1226 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1228 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1230 eval { $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1232 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1234 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1236 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1237 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 }
1239 unless ( ref $error ) {
1240 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1242 my $class = $last->class;
1243 my $name = $last->name;
1244 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1253 sub _stats_start_execute {
1254 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1256 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1257 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1259 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
1261 my $action = "$code";
1262 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1264 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1265 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1266 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1268 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1270 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1271 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1273 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1274 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1275 $action = "-> $action";
1280 my $uid = "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"};
1282 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1283 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1285 # forward, locate the caller
1286 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1289 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1295 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1314 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1315 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1316 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1319 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1323 sub _localize_fields {
1324 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1326 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1327 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1329 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1330 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1331 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1338 Finalizes the request.
1345 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1346 $c->log->error($error);
1349 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1350 if ( $c->engine->can('finalize') ) {
1351 $c->engine->finalize($c);
1355 $c->finalize_uploads;
1358 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1362 $c->finalize_headers;
1365 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1366 $c->response->body('');
1372 if ($c->use_stats) {
1373 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1374 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1376 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1379 return $c->response->status;
1382 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1388 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1390 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1396 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1398 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1404 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1406 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1412 sub finalize_headers {
1415 # Check if we already finalized headers
1416 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
1419 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
1420 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1421 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
1423 if ( !$c->response->body ) {
1424 # Add a default body if none is already present
1426 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1432 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
1434 # get the length from a filehandle
1435 if ( blessed( $c->response->body ) && $c->response->body->can('read') )
1437 my $stat = stat $c->response->body;
1438 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1439 $c->response->content_length( $stat->size );
1442 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1446 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1447 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
1452 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1453 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1454 $c->response->body('');
1457 $c->finalize_cookies;
1459 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1462 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
1465 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1467 An alias for finalize_body.
1469 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1471 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1475 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1477 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1479 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1483 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1485 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1487 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1491 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1493 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1495 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1500 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1502 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1504 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1508 sub handle_request {
1509 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1511 # Always expect worst case!
1514 if ($class->debug) {
1515 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1516 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1517 my $time = localtime time;
1518 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1521 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1523 $status = $c->finalize;
1526 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1528 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1532 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1536 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1538 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1544 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1546 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1547 my $c = $class->context_class->new(
1551 request => $class->request_class->new(
1554 body_parameters => {},
1556 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1558 query_parameters => {},
1564 response => $class->response_class->new(
1568 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1577 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1579 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1582 # For on-demand data
1583 $c->request->{_context} = $c;
1584 $c->response->{_context} = $c;
1585 weaken( $c->request->{_context} );
1586 weaken( $c->response->{_context} );
1588 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1589 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1590 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1593 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1594 $c->prepare_connection;
1595 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1596 $c->prepare_headers;
1597 $c->prepare_cookies;
1600 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1601 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1604 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1605 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1610 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1611 my $path = $c->req->path;
1612 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1613 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1615 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1623 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1625 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1629 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1631 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1633 Prepares message body.
1640 # Do we run for the first time?
1641 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1643 # Initialize on-demand data
1644 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1645 $c->prepare_parameters;
1646 $c->prepare_uploads;
1648 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1649 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1650 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1651 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1652 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1654 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1656 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1660 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1662 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1664 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1668 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1670 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1673 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1675 Prepares body parameters.
1679 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1681 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1684 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1686 Prepares connection.
1690 sub prepare_connection {
1692 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1695 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1701 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1703 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1709 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1711 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1713 Prepares parameters.
1717 sub prepare_parameters {
1719 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1720 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1723 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1725 Prepares path and base.
1729 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1731 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1733 Prepares query parameters.
1737 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1740 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1742 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1743 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1744 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1745 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1746 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1748 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1750 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1754 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1756 Prepares the input for reading.
1760 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1762 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1764 Prepares the engine request.
1768 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1770 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1776 sub prepare_uploads {
1779 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1781 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1782 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1783 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1788 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1789 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1790 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1791 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1794 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1798 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1800 Prepares the output for writing.
1804 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1806 =head2 $c->request_class
1808 Returns or sets the request class.
1810 =head2 $c->response_class
1812 Returns or sets the response class.
1814 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1816 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1817 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1818 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1820 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1823 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1824 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1825 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1829 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1837 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1839 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1841 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1845 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1847 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1849 Sets up actions for a component.
1853 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1855 =head2 $c->setup_components
1857 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1858 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1859 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1860 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1861 application class name prepended to them.
1865 sub setup_components {
1868 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1869 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1870 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1872 push @paths, @$extra;
1874 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1875 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1879 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
1880 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
1882 for my $component ( @comps ) {
1884 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
1885 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
1886 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
1888 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1890 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1892 $component => $module,
1894 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
1896 not exists $comps{$_}
1897 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
1900 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
1901 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
1906 =head2 $c->setup_component
1910 sub setup_component {
1911 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
1913 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
1917 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
1918 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
1920 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
1922 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1924 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1925 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
1929 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1931 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
1932 ) unless eval { $instance->can( 'can' ) };
1937 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
1943 sub setup_dispatcher {
1944 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1947 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1950 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
1951 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
1954 unless ($dispatcher) {
1955 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1958 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($dispatcher)) {
1959 require Class::Inspector->filename($dispatcher);
1962 # dispatcher instance
1963 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1966 =head2 $c->setup_engine
1973 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1976 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1979 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
1980 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
1983 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1985 # create the apache method
1988 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
1991 my ( $software, $version ) =
1992 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
1995 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
1997 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2001 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2002 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2005 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2006 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2009 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2010 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2014 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2015 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2020 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2021 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2022 *handler = sub : method {
2023 shift->handle_request(@_);
2027 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2032 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2033 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2037 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2038 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2043 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2046 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
2047 require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
2050 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2052 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2053 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2058 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2059 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2064 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2065 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2070 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2071 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2077 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2078 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2083 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2086 =head2 $c->setup_home
2088 Sets up the home directory.
2093 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2095 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2100 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2104 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2105 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2109 =head2 $c->setup_log
2116 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2118 unless ( $class->log ) {
2119 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2122 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2123 if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) {
2125 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
2126 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2130 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2136 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2138 Sets up timing statistics class.
2143 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2145 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2147 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2148 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2150 *{"$class\::use_stats"} = sub { 1 };
2151 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2156 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2158 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2159 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2161 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2162 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2163 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2165 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2173 sub registered_plugins {
2175 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2177 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2178 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2181 sub _register_plugin {
2182 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2183 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2185 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2186 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2188 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $plugin );
2190 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2193 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2199 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2201 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2203 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2205 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2206 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2209 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2216 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2217 currently executing).
2219 =head2 $c->stats_class
2221 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2223 =head2 $c->use_stats
2225 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2226 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2227 environment variable is set.
2229 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2230 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2237 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2239 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2240 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2241 your output data, if known.
2248 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2249 $c->finalize_headers;
2251 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2256 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2257 messages in template systems.
2261 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2263 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2265 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2266 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2267 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2269 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2271 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2273 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2274 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2277 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2279 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2281 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2283 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2284 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2285 parsing with a config parameter.
2287 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2289 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2291 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2292 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2293 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2294 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2295 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2296 virtual host that the user connected through.
2298 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2299 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2300 changes are made to the request.
2302 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2303 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2305 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2306 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2308 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2310 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2311 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2312 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2315 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2317 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2319 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2321 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2323 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2324 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2325 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2327 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2328 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2329 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2335 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2339 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2340 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2344 http://catalyst.perl.org
2348 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2352 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2354 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2356 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2358 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2360 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2362 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2364 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2366 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2440 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
2444 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2445 the same terms as Perl itself.