4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
37 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
54 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
57 # For backwards compatibility
58 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
63 our $RECURSION = 1000;
64 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
65 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
67 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
68 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
69 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
70 for qw/container components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
71 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
74 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
75 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
76 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
77 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
78 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
80 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
82 our $VERSION = '5.80032';
85 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
87 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
89 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
91 my $caller = caller();
92 return if $caller eq 'main';
94 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
95 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
96 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
97 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
99 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
100 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
104 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
107 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
111 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
115 sub _application { $_[0] }
119 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
123 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
124 documentation and tutorials.
126 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
127 # use the helper to create a new application
130 # add models, views, controllers
131 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
132 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
133 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
135 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
136 # --help to see all available options
137 script/myapp_server.pl
139 # command line testing interface
140 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
143 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
145 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
146 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
147 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
148 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
149 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
151 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
152 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
153 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
154 # do something else after forward returns
158 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
159 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
163 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
164 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
166 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
168 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
169 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
170 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
171 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
173 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
176 # called after all actions are finished
178 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
179 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
180 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
181 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
184 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
185 # called for /foo/bar
186 sub bar : Local { ... }
188 # called for /blargle
189 sub blargle : Global { ... }
191 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
192 sub index : Private { ... }
194 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
195 # called for /foo/bar/baz
196 sub baz : Local { ... }
198 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
199 sub auto : Private { ... }
201 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
202 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
203 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
204 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
205 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
208 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
212 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
213 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
214 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
215 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
217 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
219 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
220 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
221 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
224 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
226 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
227 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
231 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
234 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
235 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
237 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
239 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
240 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
242 The following flags are supported:
246 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
247 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
248 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
251 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
252 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
256 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
257 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
259 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
263 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
265 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
267 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
268 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
269 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
270 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
271 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
273 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
274 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
275 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
276 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
277 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
278 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
279 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
283 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
285 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
289 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
291 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
293 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
294 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
295 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
297 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
301 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
305 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
306 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
310 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
311 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
313 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
314 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
320 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
321 information about the current client request (including parameters,
322 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
324 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
326 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
328 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
330 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
331 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
332 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
333 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
334 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
336 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
339 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
340 $c->forward('index');
341 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
342 $c->forward('View::TT');
344 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
345 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
346 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
347 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
348 need to do something like:
351 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
353 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
356 $c->forward('foo') || return;
358 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
359 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
360 Thus, something like:
364 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
365 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
366 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
369 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
371 and access it from the stash.
373 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
377 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
379 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
381 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
385 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
386 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
388 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
392 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
394 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
396 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
399 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
400 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
401 you go to are called, just like a new request.
403 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
404 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
405 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
406 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
407 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
408 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
409 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
410 invoked from the callee.
412 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
414 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
415 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
416 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
417 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
418 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
422 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
424 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
426 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
428 The relationship between C<go> and
429 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
430 the relationship between
431 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
432 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
433 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
434 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
435 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
436 does not return to its caller.
438 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
439 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
444 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
450 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
454 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
455 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
456 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
457 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
458 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
459 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
462 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
463 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
464 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
466 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
467 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
471 around stash => sub {
474 my $stash = $orig->($c);
476 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
477 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
478 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
479 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
489 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
491 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
493 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
494 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
495 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
497 my @error = @{ $c->error };
501 $c->error('Something bad happened');
508 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
509 croak @$error unless ref $c;
510 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
512 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
513 return $c->{error} || [];
519 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
520 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
521 values it returns are scalar.
523 =head2 $c->clear_errors
525 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
526 implementing a custom error screen.
528 This is equivalent to running
539 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
541 =head2 $c->controller($name)
543 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
545 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
547 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
550 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
552 # find all controllers that start with Foo
553 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
559 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
560 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('controller');
564 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
565 return $container->get_component($name, \@args)
566 if $container->has_service($name) && !ref $name;
568 return $container->get_component_regexp( $c, $name, \@args );
571 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
574 =head2 $c->model($name)
576 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
578 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
580 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
582 If the name is omitted, it will look for
583 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
584 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
585 - a config setting 'default_model', or
586 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
588 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
590 # find all models that start with Foo
591 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
596 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
597 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
598 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('model');
602 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
603 return $container->get_component($name, \@args)
604 if $container->has_service($name) && !ref $name;
606 return $container->get_component_regexp( $c, $name, \@args );
610 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
611 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
612 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
613 if $c->stash->{current_model};
615 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
616 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
618 # FIXME: will this still be mantained?
619 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
622 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
623 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
624 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
625 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
626 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
629 return $container->get_component( $comp, \@args );
633 =head2 $c->view($name)
635 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
637 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
639 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
641 If the name is omitted, it will look for
642 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
643 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
644 - a config setting 'default_view', or
645 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
647 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
649 # find all views that start with Foo
650 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
655 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
656 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
657 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('view');
661 if ( !ref $name ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
662 if ( $container->has_service($name) ) {
663 return $container->get_component($name, \@args);
666 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$name', but does not exist" );
670 return $container->get_component_regexp( $c, $name, \@args );
674 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
675 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
676 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
677 if $c->stash->{current_view};
679 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
680 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
682 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
685 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
686 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
687 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
688 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
689 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
692 return $container->get_component( $comp, \@args );
695 =head2 $c->controllers
697 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
703 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
708 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
714 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
720 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
726 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
729 =head2 $c->comp($name)
731 =head2 $c->component($name)
733 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
734 unless you want to get a specific component by full
735 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
736 should be used instead.
738 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
739 component name will be returned.
741 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
742 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
743 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
745 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
750 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
754 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
756 if ($type && $c->container->has_sub_container($type)) {
757 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container($type);
759 if( !ref $component && $container->has_service($name) ) {
760 return $container->get_component( $name, \@args );
763 return $container->get_component_regexp( $c, $name, \@args );
767 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback} && !ref $component;
769 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
770 my $query = ref $component ? $component : qr{$component}i;
772 for my $subcontainer_name (qw/model view controller/) {
773 my $subcontainer = $c->container->get_sub_container($subcontainer_name);
774 my @components = $subcontainer->get_service_list;
775 my @result = grep { m{$query} } @components;
778 return map { $subcontainer->get_component( $_, \@args ) } @result
781 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${component}" using regexp fallback)) );
782 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
783 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
785 return $subcontainer->get_component( $result[0], \@args );
789 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
793 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
796 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
800 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
802 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
804 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
805 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
806 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
808 =head3 Cascading configuration
810 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
811 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
812 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
813 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
814 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
815 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
817 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
818 component is constructed.
822 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
823 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
825 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
828 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
834 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
835 on the receiving component to access the config value.
837 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
841 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
847 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
848 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
850 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
851 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
852 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
853 the constructor and use those instead.
857 around config => sub {
861 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
862 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
869 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
870 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
871 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
872 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
874 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
879 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
881 Your log class should implement the methods described in
887 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
889 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
893 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
895 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
897 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
899 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
903 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
905 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
911 =head2 $c->dispatcher
913 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
917 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
920 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
922 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
924 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
925 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
926 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
927 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
931 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
936 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
937 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
938 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
939 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
942 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
944 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
945 loads and instantiates the given class.
947 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
949 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
951 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
952 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
953 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
958 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
960 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
961 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
963 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
965 eval { $plugin->import };
966 $class->mk_classdata($name);
968 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
971 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
972 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
976 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
982 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
983 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
984 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
988 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
993 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
994 croak('Running setup more than once')
995 if ( $class->setup_finished );
997 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
999 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1000 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1003 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1004 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1010 foreach (@arguments) {
1014 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1016 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1017 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1020 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1024 $class->setup_config();
1025 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1027 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1028 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1029 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1030 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
1031 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1033 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1035 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1036 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1039 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1043 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1044 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1045 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1046 You are running an old script!
1048 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1049 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1051 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1052 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1057 if ( $class->debug ) {
1058 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1061 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1062 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1063 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1064 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1067 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1068 my $engine = $class->engine;
1069 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1071 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1072 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1076 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1077 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1078 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1081 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1082 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1084 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1085 local *setup = sub { };
1086 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1089 # Initialize our data structure
1090 $class->components( {} );
1092 $class->setup_components;
1094 if ( $class->debug ) {
1095 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1096 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1097 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1098 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1099 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1101 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1102 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1105 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1106 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1107 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1110 $class->setup_actions;
1112 if ( $class->debug ) {
1113 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1114 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1117 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1118 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1120 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1123 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1125 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1126 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1129 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1130 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1131 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1132 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1133 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1135 $meta->make_immutable(
1136 replace_constructor => 1,
1137 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1140 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1141 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1142 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1145 $class->setup_finalize;
1146 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1147 # setup_finalize can log..
1148 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1149 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1152 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1154 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1155 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1157 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1161 after setup_finalize => sub {
1169 sub setup_finalize {
1171 $class->setup_finished(1);
1174 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1176 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1178 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1179 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1180 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1181 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1182 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1184 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1185 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1186 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1188 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1189 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1190 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1191 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1192 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1194 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1195 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1196 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1197 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1198 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1199 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1202 The captures for the current request can be found in
1203 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1204 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1205 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1207 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1208 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1209 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1211 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1212 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1214 # Path to a static resource
1215 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1220 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1222 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1223 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1228 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1231 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1233 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1234 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1235 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1236 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1239 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1240 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1241 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1242 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1246 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1247 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1248 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1252 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1253 if (not defined $path) {
1254 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1258 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1261 unshift(@args, $path);
1263 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1264 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1265 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1266 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1268 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1271 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1272 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1273 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1275 my $base = $c->req->base;
1276 my $class = ref($base);
1277 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1281 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1282 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1283 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1284 my $val = $params->{$_};
1285 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1288 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1291 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1292 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1293 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1295 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1299 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1303 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1305 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1311 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1313 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1314 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1317 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1320 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1322 For example, if the action looks like:
1324 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1326 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1330 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1332 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1338 sub uri_for_action {
1339 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1340 my $action = blessed($path)
1342 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1343 unless (defined $action) {
1344 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1346 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1349 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1351 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1355 sub welcome_message {
1357 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1358 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1359 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1360 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1362 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1363 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1364 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1366 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1367 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1368 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1369 <style type="text/css">
1372 background-color: #eee;
1379 margin-bottom: 10px;
1381 background-color: #ccc;
1382 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1387 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1390 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1393 text-decoration: none;
1395 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1397 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1410 background-color: #fff;
1411 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1415 font-weight: normal;
1437 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1442 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1444 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1445 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1446 framework will make web development something you had
1447 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1448 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1449 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1450 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1451 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1452 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1453 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1455 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1457 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1458 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1460 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1461 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1462 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1463 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1464 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1465 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1466 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1467 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1468 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1469 you are likely to find what you need there.
1473 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1474 get in touch with us.</p>
1477 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1480 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1483 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1486 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1487 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1488 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1489 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1497 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1499 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1501 =head2 $c->components
1503 Returns a hash of components.
1507 around components => sub {
1512 return $class->$orig if ( !$comps );
1514 # FIXME: should this ugly kludge exist?
1515 $class->setup_config unless defined $class->container;
1517 # FIXME: should there be a warning here, not to use this accessor to create the components?
1518 my $components = {};
1521 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
1523 for my $component ( keys %$comps ) {
1524 $components->{ $component } = $comps->{$component};
1526 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
1528 # FIXME: shouldn't the service name be $name?
1529 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
1532 return $class->$orig($components);
1535 =head2 $c->context_class
1537 Returns or sets the context class.
1541 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1542 deep recursion detection).
1546 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1550 Dispatches a request to actions.
1554 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1556 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1558 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1560 =head2 $c->dump_these
1562 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1563 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1569 [ Request => $c->req ],
1570 [ Response => $c->res ],
1571 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1572 [ Config => $c->config ];
1575 =head2 $c->engine_class
1577 Returns or sets the engine class.
1579 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1581 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1587 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1588 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1591 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1592 my $action = $code->reverse();
1593 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1594 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1595 $c->log->error($error);
1601 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1603 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1605 no warnings 'recursion';
1606 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1607 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1608 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1610 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1612 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1614 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1615 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1616 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1618 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1619 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1622 unless ( ref $error ) {
1623 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1625 my $class = $last->class;
1626 my $name = $last->name;
1627 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1636 sub _stats_start_execute {
1637 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1638 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1639 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1640 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1642 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1643 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1645 my $action = $action_name;
1646 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1648 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1649 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1650 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1652 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1654 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1655 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1657 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1658 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1659 $action = "-> $action";
1664 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1666 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1667 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1668 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1670 # forward, locate the caller
1671 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1674 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1680 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1699 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1700 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1701 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1706 Finalizes the request.
1713 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1714 $c->log->error($error);
1717 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1718 my $engine = $c->engine;
1719 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1724 $c->finalize_uploads;
1727 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1731 $c->finalize_headers;
1734 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1735 $c->response->body('');
1743 if ($c->use_stats) {
1744 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1745 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1747 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1750 return $c->response->status;
1753 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1759 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1761 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1767 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1769 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1775 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1777 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1783 sub finalize_headers {
1786 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1788 # Check if we already finalized headers
1789 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1792 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1793 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1794 $response->header( Location => $location );
1796 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1797 # Add a default body if none is already present
1799 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1805 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1807 # get the length from a filehandle
1808 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1810 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1811 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1812 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1815 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1819 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1820 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1825 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1826 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1827 $response->body('');
1830 $c->finalize_cookies;
1832 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1835 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1838 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1840 An alias for finalize_body.
1842 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1844 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1848 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1850 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1852 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1856 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1858 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1860 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1864 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1866 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1868 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1873 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1875 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1877 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1881 sub handle_request {
1882 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1884 # Always expect worst case!
1887 if ($class->debug) {
1888 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1889 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1890 my $time = localtime time;
1891 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1894 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1896 $status = $c->finalize;
1899 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1901 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1906 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1907 $class->log->$coderef();
1912 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1914 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1920 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1923 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1924 # into the application.
1925 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1927 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1929 # For on-demand data
1930 $c->request->_context($c);
1931 $c->response->_context($c);
1933 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1934 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1935 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1936 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1939 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1940 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1941 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1942 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1945 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1946 $c->prepare_connection;
1947 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1948 $c->prepare_headers;
1949 $c->prepare_cookies;
1952 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1953 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1956 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1957 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1962 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1963 my $path = $c->req->path;
1964 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1965 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1974 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1976 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1980 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1982 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1984 Prepares message body.
1991 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1993 # Initialize on-demand data
1994 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1995 $c->prepare_parameters;
1996 $c->prepare_uploads;
1999 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2001 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2003 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2007 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2009 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2012 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2014 Prepares body parameters.
2018 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2020 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2023 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2025 Prepares connection.
2029 sub prepare_connection {
2031 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2034 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2040 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2042 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2048 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2050 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2052 Prepares parameters.
2056 sub prepare_parameters {
2058 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2059 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2062 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2064 Prepares path and base.
2068 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2070 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2072 Prepares query parameters.
2076 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2079 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2082 =head2 $c->log_request
2084 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2088 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2090 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2092 =item * Request parameters
2094 =item * File uploads
2103 return unless $c->debug;
2105 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2106 my $request = $dump->[1];
2108 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2110 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2112 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2114 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2116 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2117 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2120 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2122 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2125 =head2 $c->log_response
2127 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2128 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2135 return unless $c->debug;
2137 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2138 my $response = $dump->[1];
2140 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2141 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2144 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2146 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2150 =item * Response status code
2152 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2154 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2160 sub log_response_status_line {
2161 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2165 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2166 $response->status || 'unknown',
2167 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2168 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2173 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2175 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2176 No-op in the default implementation.
2180 sub log_response_headers {}
2182 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2184 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2188 sub log_request_parameters {
2190 my %all_params = @_;
2192 return unless $c->debug;
2194 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2195 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2196 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2197 next if ! keys %$params;
2198 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2199 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2200 my $param = $params->{$key};
2201 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2202 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2204 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2208 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2210 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2211 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2216 sub log_request_uploads {
2218 my $request = shift;
2219 return unless $c->debug;
2220 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2221 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2222 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2223 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2228 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2229 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2230 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2231 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2234 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2238 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2240 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2241 No-op in the default implementation.
2245 sub log_request_headers {}
2247 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2249 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2256 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2258 return unless $c->debug;
2260 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2261 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2264 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2265 $t->row( $name, $value );
2268 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2272 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2274 Prepares the input for reading.
2278 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2280 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2282 Prepares the engine request.
2286 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2288 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2294 sub prepare_uploads {
2297 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2300 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2302 Prepares the output for writing.
2306 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2308 =head2 $c->request_class
2310 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2312 =head2 $c->response_class
2314 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2316 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2318 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2319 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2320 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2322 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2325 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2326 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2327 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2331 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2339 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2341 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2343 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2347 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2349 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2351 Sets up actions for a component.
2355 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2357 =head2 $c->setup_config
2364 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2366 my @container_classes = ( "${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::Container');
2367 unshift @container_classes, delete $args{container_class} if exists $args{container_class};
2369 my $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class(@container_classes);
2371 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, name => "$class" );
2372 $class->container($container);
2374 my $config = $container->resolve(service => 'config');
2375 $class->config($config);
2376 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2379 =head $c->finalize_config
2383 sub finalize_config { }
2385 =head2 $c->setup_components
2387 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2389 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2390 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2391 each component into the application.
2393 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2395 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2400 sub setup_components {
2403 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2405 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2406 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2408 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2409 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2410 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2411 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2413 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2415 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2416 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2417 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2419 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2423 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
2425 for my $component (@comps) {
2426 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2427 if ( my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component) ) {
2428 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $instance } ));
2430 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2431 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2432 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2433 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2434 next if $comps{$component};
2436 $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @expanded_components;
2437 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2438 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2439 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2441 if (my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component)) {
2442 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
2445 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2450 sub _get_component_type_name {
2451 my $component = shift;
2452 my @parts = split /::/, $component;
2454 while (my $type = shift @parts) {
2455 return ('controller', join '::', @parts)
2456 if $type =~ /^(c|controller)$/i;
2458 return ('model', join '::', @parts)
2459 if $type =~ /^(m|model)$/i;
2461 return ('view', join '::', @parts)
2462 if $type =~ /^(v|view)$/i;
2466 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2468 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2469 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2471 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2472 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2473 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2474 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2478 sub locate_components {
2482 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2483 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2485 push @paths, @$extra;
2487 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2488 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2492 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2493 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2498 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2500 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2501 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2505 sub expand_component_module {
2506 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2507 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2510 =head2 $c->setup_component
2514 sub setup_component {
2515 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2517 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2521 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2522 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2523 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2524 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2525 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2526 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2528 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2530 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2532 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2533 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2536 elsif (!blessed $instance) {
2537 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2538 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2539 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2540 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2541 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2543 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2550 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2556 sub setup_dispatcher {
2557 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2560 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2563 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2564 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2567 unless ($dispatcher) {
2568 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2571 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2573 # dispatcher instance
2574 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2577 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2584 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2587 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2590 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2591 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2594 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2595 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2597 # create the apache method
2598 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2600 my ( $software, $version ) =
2601 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2604 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2606 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2610 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2611 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2614 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2615 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2618 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2619 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2623 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2624 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2629 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2630 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2631 *handler = sub : method {
2632 shift->handle_request(@_);
2636 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2641 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2642 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2646 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2647 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2652 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2655 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2657 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2659 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2660 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2665 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2666 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2671 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2672 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2677 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2678 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2684 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2685 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2690 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2693 =head2 $c->setup_home
2695 Sets up the home directory.
2700 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2702 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2706 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2709 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2710 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2711 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2715 =head2 $c->setup_log
2717 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2718 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2721 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2722 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2723 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2725 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2726 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2727 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2732 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2735 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2736 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2737 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2739 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2740 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2741 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2742 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2745 unless ( $class->log ) {
2746 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2749 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2750 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2751 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2755 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2761 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2763 Sets up timing statistics class.
2768 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2770 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2772 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2773 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2774 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2775 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2780 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2782 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2783 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2785 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2786 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2787 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2789 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2797 sub registered_plugins {
2799 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2801 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2802 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2805 sub _register_plugin {
2806 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2807 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2809 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2810 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2811 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2812 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2814 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2815 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2821 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2823 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2824 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2827 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2828 $class . '::Plugin',
2829 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2835 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2836 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2837 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2838 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2840 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2844 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2845 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2846 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2849 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2857 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2858 currently executing).
2862 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2863 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2864 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2866 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2867 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2868 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2871 =head2 $c->stats_class
2873 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2875 =head2 $c->use_stats
2877 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2879 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2880 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2887 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2889 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2890 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2891 your output data, if known.
2898 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2899 $c->finalize_headers;
2901 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2906 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2907 messages in template systems.
2911 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2913 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2915 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2921 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2925 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2929 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2930 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2931 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2932 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2933 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2937 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2938 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2939 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2943 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2947 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2952 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2953 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2954 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2958 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2959 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2960 templates to a different directory.
2964 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2965 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2966 C<< $c->components >>).
2970 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2971 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2975 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2976 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
2977 for more information.
2981 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2985 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2987 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2988 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2989 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2991 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2993 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2995 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2996 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2997 parsing with a config parameter.
2999 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3001 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3003 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3004 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3005 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3006 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3007 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3008 virtual host that the user connected through.
3010 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3011 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3012 changes are made to the request.
3014 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3015 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3017 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3018 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3020 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3021 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3022 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3023 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3024 be created properly.
3026 In the case of passing in:
3028 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3030 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3032 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3034 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3035 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3036 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3039 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3041 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3043 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3045 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3047 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3048 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3049 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3051 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3052 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3053 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3059 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3063 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3064 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3068 http://catalyst.perl.org
3072 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3076 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3078 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3080 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3082 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3084 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3086 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3088 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3090 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3092 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3094 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3100 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3102 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3106 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3110 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3112 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3114 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3116 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3118 chansen: Christian Hansen
3120 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3122 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3124 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3126 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3128 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3132 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3134 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3138 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3140 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3142 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3144 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3146 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3150 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3154 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3156 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3158 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3160 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3162 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3164 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3170 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3172 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3174 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3176 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3178 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3180 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3182 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3186 naughton: David Naughton
3188 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3190 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3192 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3198 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3200 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3202 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3204 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3206 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3208 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3210 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3214 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3216 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3220 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3222 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3224 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3226 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3228 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3230 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3232 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3236 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3240 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3241 the same terms as Perl itself.
3247 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;