4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
49 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
50 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
51 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
53 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
54 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
57 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
60 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
63 # For backwards compatibility
64 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
69 our $RECURSION = 1000;
70 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
71 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
73 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
74 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
75 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
76 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
77 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
78 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/;
80 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
81 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
82 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
83 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
85 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
87 our $VERSION = '5.90004';
90 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
92 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
94 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
96 my $caller = caller();
97 return if $caller eq 'main';
99 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
100 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
101 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
102 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
104 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
105 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
107 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
108 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
109 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
116 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
120 sub _application { $_[0] }
124 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
128 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
129 documentation and tutorials.
131 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
132 # use the helper to create a new application
135 # add models, views, controllers
136 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
137 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
138 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
140 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
141 # --help to see all available options
142 script/myapp_server.pl
144 # command line testing interface
145 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
148 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
150 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
151 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
152 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
153 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
154 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
156 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
157 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
158 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
159 # do something else after forward returns
163 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
164 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
168 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
169 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
171 # called after all actions are finished
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
175 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
176 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
179 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
183 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
184 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
185 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
186 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
188 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
190 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
191 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
192 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
195 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
197 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
198 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
202 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
205 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
206 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
208 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
210 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
211 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
213 The following flags are supported:
217 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
218 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
219 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
223 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
227 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
229 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
231 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
232 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
233 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
234 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
235 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
237 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
238 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
239 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
240 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
241 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
242 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
243 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
247 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
249 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
253 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
255 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
257 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
258 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
259 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
261 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
265 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
269 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
270 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
274 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
275 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
277 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
278 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
284 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
285 information about the current client request (including parameters,
286 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
288 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
290 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
292 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
294 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
295 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
296 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
297 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
298 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
300 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
303 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
304 $c->forward('index');
305 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
306 $c->forward('View::TT');
308 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
309 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
310 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
311 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
312 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
316 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
318 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
321 $c->forward('foo') || return;
323 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
324 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
325 Thus, something like:
329 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
330 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
331 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
334 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
336 and access it from the stash.
338 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
342 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
344 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
346 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
350 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
351 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
353 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
357 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
359 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
361 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
363 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
364 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
365 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
366 you go to are called, just like a new request.
368 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
369 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
370 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
371 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
372 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
373 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
374 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
375 invoked from the called action.
377 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
379 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
380 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
381 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
382 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
383 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
387 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
389 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
391 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
393 The relationship between C<go> and
394 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
395 the relationship between
396 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
397 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
398 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
399 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
400 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
401 does not return to its caller.
403 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
404 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
409 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
415 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
419 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
420 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
421 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
422 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
423 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
424 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
427 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
428 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
429 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
431 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
432 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
436 around stash => sub {
439 my $stash = $orig->($c);
441 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
442 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
443 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
444 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
454 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
456 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
458 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
459 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
460 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
462 my @error = @{ $c->error };
466 $c->error('Something bad happened');
473 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
474 croak @$error unless ref $c;
475 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
477 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
478 return $c->{error} || [];
484 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
485 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
486 values it returns are scalar.
488 =head2 $c->clear_errors
490 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
491 implementing a custom error screen.
493 This is equivalent to running
504 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
506 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
509 # search components given a name and some prefixes
510 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
511 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
512 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
513 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
514 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
516 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
517 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
518 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
520 # undef for a name will return all
521 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
523 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
524 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
526 return @result if @result;
528 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
531 # skip regexp fallback if configured
533 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
537 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
539 # no results? try against full names
541 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
544 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
546 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
547 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
548 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
549 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
550 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
551 my $short = $result[0];
552 # remove the component namespace prefix
553 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
554 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
555 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
556 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
558 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
559 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
560 "component's config";
562 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
563 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
564 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
566 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
572 # Find possible names for a prefix
574 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
575 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
577 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
579 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
580 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
585 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
586 sub _filter_component {
587 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
589 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
590 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
596 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
598 =head2 $c->controller($name)
600 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
602 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
604 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
607 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
609 # find all controllers that start with Foo
610 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
616 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
618 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
620 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
621 my $comps = $c->components;
622 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
623 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
625 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
626 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
627 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
630 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
633 =head2 $c->model($name)
635 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
637 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
639 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
641 If the name is omitted, it will look for
642 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
643 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
644 - a config setting 'default_model', or
645 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
647 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
649 # find all models that start with Foo
650 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
655 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
656 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
658 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
659 my $comps = $c->components;
660 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
661 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
663 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
664 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
665 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
669 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
670 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
671 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
672 if $c->stash->{current_model};
674 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
675 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
677 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
680 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
684 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
687 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
691 =head2 $c->view($name)
693 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
695 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
697 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
699 If the name is omitted, it will look for
700 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
701 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
702 - a config setting 'default_view', or
703 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
705 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
707 # find all views that start with Foo
708 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
713 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
715 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
717 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
718 my $comps = $c->components;
719 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
720 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
721 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
724 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
727 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
728 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
729 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
733 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
734 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
735 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
736 if $c->stash->{current_view};
738 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
739 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
741 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
744 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
745 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
746 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
747 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
748 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
751 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
754 =head2 $c->controllers
756 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
762 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
767 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
773 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
779 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
785 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
788 =head2 $c->comp($name)
790 =head2 $c->component($name)
792 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
793 unless you want to get a specific component by full
794 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
795 should be used instead.
797 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
798 component name will be returned.
800 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
801 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
802 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
804 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
809 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
812 my $comps = $c->components;
815 # is it the exact name?
816 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
817 if exists $comps->{ $name };
819 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
820 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
821 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
822 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
824 # search all of the models, views and controllers
825 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
826 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
830 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
832 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
833 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
835 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
836 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
839 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
840 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
841 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
842 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
845 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
849 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
852 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
856 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
858 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
860 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
861 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
862 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
864 =head3 Cascading configuration
866 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
867 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
868 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
869 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
870 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
871 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
873 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
874 component is constructed.
878 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
879 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
881 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
884 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
890 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
891 on the receiving component to access the config value.
893 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
897 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
903 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
904 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
906 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
907 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
908 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
909 the constructor and use those instead.
913 around config => sub {
917 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
918 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
925 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
926 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
927 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
928 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
930 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
935 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
937 Your log class should implement the methods described in
943 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
945 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
949 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
951 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
953 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
955 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
959 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
961 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
967 =head2 $c->dispatcher
969 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
973 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
976 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
978 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
980 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
981 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
982 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
983 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
987 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
992 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
993 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
994 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
995 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
998 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
1000 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
1001 loads and instantiates the given class.
1003 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
1005 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
1007 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
1008 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
1009 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
1014 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1016 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1017 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
1019 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1021 eval { $plugin->import };
1022 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1024 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1027 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1028 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1031 $class->$name($obj);
1032 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1038 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1039 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1040 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1044 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1049 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1050 croak('Running setup more than once')
1051 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1053 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1055 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1056 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1059 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1060 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1066 foreach (@arguments) {
1070 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1072 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1073 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1076 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1080 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1082 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1083 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1084 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1085 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1086 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1088 $class->setup_engine();
1089 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1091 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1093 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1094 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1097 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1101 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1102 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1103 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1104 You are running an old script!
1106 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1107 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1109 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1110 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1115 if ( $class->debug ) {
1116 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1119 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1120 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1121 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1122 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1125 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1126 my $engine = $class->engine;
1127 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1129 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1130 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1134 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1135 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1136 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1139 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1140 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1142 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1143 local *setup = sub { };
1144 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1147 # Initialize our data structure
1148 $class->components( {} );
1150 $class->setup_components;
1152 if ( $class->debug ) {
1153 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1154 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1155 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1156 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1157 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1159 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1160 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1163 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1164 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1165 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1168 $class->setup_actions;
1170 if ( $class->debug ) {
1171 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1172 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1175 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1176 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1178 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1181 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1183 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1184 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1187 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1188 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1189 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1190 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1191 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1193 $meta->make_immutable(
1194 replace_constructor => 1,
1195 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1198 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1199 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1200 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1203 $class->setup_finalize;
1204 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1205 # setup_finalize can log..
1206 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1207 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1210 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1212 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1213 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1215 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1219 after setup_finalize => sub {
1227 sub setup_finalize {
1229 $class->setup_finished(1);
1232 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1234 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1236 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1237 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1238 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1239 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1240 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1242 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1243 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1244 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1246 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1247 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1248 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1249 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1250 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1252 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1253 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1254 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1255 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1256 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1257 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1260 The captures for the current request can be found in
1261 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1262 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1263 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1265 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1266 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1267 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1269 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1270 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1272 # Path to a static resource
1273 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1278 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1280 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1281 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1286 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1289 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1291 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1292 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1293 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1294 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1297 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1298 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1299 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1300 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1304 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1305 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1306 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1310 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1311 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1312 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1314 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1315 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1318 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1319 if (not defined $path) {
1320 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1324 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1327 unshift(@args, $path);
1329 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1330 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1331 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1332 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1334 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1337 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1338 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1339 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1341 my $base = $c->req->base;
1342 my $class = ref($base);
1343 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1347 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1348 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1349 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1350 my $val = $params->{$_};
1351 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1354 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1357 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1358 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1359 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1361 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1365 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1369 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1371 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1377 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1379 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1380 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1383 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1386 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1388 For example, if the action looks like:
1390 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1392 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1396 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1398 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1404 sub uri_for_action {
1405 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1406 my $action = blessed($path)
1408 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1409 unless (defined $action) {
1410 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1412 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1415 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1417 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1421 sub welcome_message {
1423 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1424 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1425 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1426 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1428 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1429 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1430 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1432 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1433 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1434 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1435 <style type="text/css">
1438 background-color: #eee;
1445 margin-bottom: 10px;
1447 background-color: #ccc;
1448 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1453 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1456 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1459 text-decoration: none;
1461 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1463 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1476 background-color: #fff;
1477 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1481 font-weight: normal;
1503 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1508 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1510 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1511 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1512 framework will make web development something you had
1513 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1514 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1515 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1516 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1517 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1518 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1519 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1521 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1523 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1524 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1526 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1527 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1528 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1529 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1530 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1531 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1532 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1533 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1534 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1535 you are likely to find what you need there.
1539 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1540 get in touch with us.</p>
1543 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1546 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1549 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1552 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1553 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1554 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1555 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1563 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1565 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1567 =head2 $c->components
1569 Returns a hash of components.
1571 =head2 $c->context_class
1573 Returns or sets the context class.
1577 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1578 deep recursion detection).
1582 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1586 Dispatches a request to actions.
1590 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1592 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1594 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1596 =head2 $c->dump_these
1598 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1599 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1605 [ Request => $c->req ],
1606 [ Response => $c->res ],
1607 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1608 [ Config => $c->config ];
1611 =head2 $c->engine_class
1613 Returns or sets the engine class.
1615 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1617 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1623 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1624 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1627 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1628 my $action = $code->reverse();
1629 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1630 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1631 $c->log->error($error);
1637 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1639 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1641 no warnings 'recursion';
1642 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1643 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1644 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1646 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1648 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1650 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1651 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1652 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1654 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1655 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1658 unless ( ref $error ) {
1659 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1661 my $class = $last->class;
1662 my $name = $last->name;
1663 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1672 sub _stats_start_execute {
1673 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1674 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1675 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1676 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1678 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1679 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1681 my $action = $action_name;
1682 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1684 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1685 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1686 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1688 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1690 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1691 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1693 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1694 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1695 $action = "-> $action";
1700 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1702 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1703 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1704 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1706 # forward, locate the caller
1707 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1710 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1716 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1735 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1736 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1737 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1742 Finalizes the request.
1749 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1750 $c->log->error($error);
1753 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1754 my $engine = $c->engine;
1755 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1760 $c->finalize_uploads;
1763 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1767 $c->finalize_headers;
1770 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1771 $c->response->body('');
1779 if ($c->use_stats) {
1780 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1781 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1783 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1786 return $c->response->status;
1789 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1795 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1797 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1803 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1805 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1811 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1813 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1819 sub finalize_headers {
1822 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1824 # Check if we already finalized headers
1825 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1828 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1829 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1830 $response->header( Location => $location );
1832 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1833 # Add a default body if none is already present
1834 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1835 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1836 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1838 <title>Moved</title>
1841 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1845 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1850 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1852 # get the length from a filehandle
1853 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1855 my $size = -s $response->body;
1857 $response->content_length( $size );
1860 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1864 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1865 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1870 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1871 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1872 $response->body('');
1875 $c->finalize_cookies;
1877 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1880 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1883 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1885 An alias for finalize_body.
1887 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1889 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1893 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1895 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1897 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1901 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1903 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1905 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1909 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1911 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1913 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1918 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1920 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1922 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1926 sub handle_request {
1927 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1929 # Always expect worst case!
1932 if ($class->debug) {
1933 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1934 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1935 my $time = localtime time;
1936 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1939 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1941 $status = $c->finalize;
1944 chomp(my $error = $_);
1945 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1950 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1951 $class->log->$coderef();
1956 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1958 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1964 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1967 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1968 # into the application.
1969 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1971 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1973 # For on-demand data
1974 $c->request->_context($c);
1975 $c->response->_context($c);
1977 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1978 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1979 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1980 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1984 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1985 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1986 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1989 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1990 $c->prepare_connection;
1991 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1992 $c->prepare_headers;
1993 $c->prepare_cookies;
1996 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1997 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
2000 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
2001 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2006 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
2008 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2009 $c->response->status(400);
2010 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2011 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2016 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
2017 my $path = $c->req->path;
2018 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2019 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2028 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2030 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2034 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2036 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2038 Prepares message body.
2045 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2047 # Initialize on-demand data
2048 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2049 $c->prepare_parameters;
2050 $c->prepare_uploads;
2053 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2055 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2057 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2061 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2063 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2066 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2068 Prepares body parameters.
2072 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2074 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2077 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2079 Prepares connection.
2083 sub prepare_connection {
2085 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2088 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2094 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2096 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2102 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2104 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2106 Prepares parameters.
2110 sub prepare_parameters {
2112 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2113 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2116 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2118 Prepares path and base.
2122 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2124 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2126 Prepares query parameters.
2130 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2133 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2136 =head2 $c->log_request
2138 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2142 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2144 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2146 =item * Request parameters
2148 =item * File uploads
2157 return unless $c->debug;
2159 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2160 my $request = $dump->[1];
2162 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2164 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2166 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2168 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2170 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2171 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2174 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2176 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2179 =head2 $c->log_response
2181 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2182 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2189 return unless $c->debug;
2191 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2192 my $response = $dump->[1];
2194 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2195 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2198 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2200 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2204 =item * Response status code
2206 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2208 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2214 sub log_response_status_line {
2215 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2219 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2220 $response->status || 'unknown',
2221 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2222 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2227 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2229 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2230 No-op in the default implementation.
2234 sub log_response_headers {}
2236 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2238 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2242 sub log_request_parameters {
2244 my %all_params = @_;
2246 return unless $c->debug;
2248 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2249 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2250 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2251 next if ! keys %$params;
2252 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2253 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2254 my $param = $params->{$key};
2255 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2256 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2258 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2262 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2264 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2265 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2270 sub log_request_uploads {
2272 my $request = shift;
2273 return unless $c->debug;
2274 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2275 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2276 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2277 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2282 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2283 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2284 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2285 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2288 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2292 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2294 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2295 No-op in the default implementation.
2299 sub log_request_headers {}
2301 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2303 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2310 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2312 return unless $c->debug;
2314 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2315 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2318 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2319 $t->row( $name, $value );
2322 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2326 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2328 Prepares the input for reading.
2332 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2334 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2336 Prepares the engine request.
2340 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2342 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2348 sub prepare_uploads {
2351 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2354 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2356 Prepares the output for writing.
2360 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2362 =head2 $c->request_class
2364 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2366 =head2 $c->response_class
2368 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2370 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2372 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2373 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2374 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2376 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2379 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2380 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2381 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2385 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2395 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2396 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2397 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2400 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2402 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2406 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2408 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2410 Sets up actions for a component.
2414 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2416 =head2 $c->setup_components
2418 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2420 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2421 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2422 each component into the application.
2424 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2426 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2431 sub setup_components {
2434 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2436 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2437 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2439 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2440 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2441 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2442 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2444 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2446 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2447 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2448 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2450 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2453 for my $component (@comps) {
2454 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2455 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2456 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2457 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2458 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2459 next if $comps{$component};
2460 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2465 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2467 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2468 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2470 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2471 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2472 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2473 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2477 sub locate_components {
2481 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2482 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2484 push @paths, @$extra;
2486 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2487 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2491 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2492 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2497 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2499 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2500 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2504 sub expand_component_module {
2505 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2506 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2509 =head2 $c->setup_component
2513 sub setup_component {
2514 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2516 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2520 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2521 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2522 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2523 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2524 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2525 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2527 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2529 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2531 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2532 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2536 unless (blessed $instance) {
2537 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2538 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2539 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2540 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2541 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2543 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2549 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2555 sub setup_dispatcher {
2556 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2559 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2562 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2563 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2566 unless ($dispatcher) {
2567 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2570 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2572 # dispatcher instance
2573 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2576 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2583 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2585 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2586 $class->engine_loader(
2587 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2588 application_name => $class,
2589 (defined $requested_engine
2590 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2595 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2599 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2602 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2604 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2605 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2606 application_name => $class,
2607 (defined $requested_engine
2608 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2611 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2614 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2617 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2618 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2620 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2622 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2623 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2625 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2626 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2627 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2628 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2630 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2632 my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app;
2633 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2636 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2639 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2644 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2647 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2648 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2649 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2652 return $app->_psgi_app;
2655 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2658 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2659 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2660 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2663 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2665 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2666 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2667 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2668 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2669 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2671 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2672 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2673 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2676 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2679 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2681 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2682 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2686 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2689 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2691 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2692 useful and commonly needed:
2694 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2695 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2696 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2697 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2698 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2700 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2701 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2707 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2708 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2710 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2712 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2715 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2716 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2717 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2721 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2722 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2723 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2725 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2726 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2728 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2735 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2736 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2737 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2739 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2740 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2746 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2749 =head2 $c->setup_home
2751 Sets up the home directory.
2756 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2758 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2762 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2765 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2766 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2767 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2771 =head2 $c->setup_log
2773 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2774 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2777 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2778 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2779 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2781 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2782 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2783 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2788 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2791 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2792 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2793 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2795 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2796 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2797 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2798 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2801 unless ( $class->log ) {
2802 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2805 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2806 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2807 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2811 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2817 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2819 Sets up timing statistics class.
2824 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2826 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2828 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2829 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2830 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2831 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2836 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2838 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2839 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2841 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2842 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2843 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2845 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2853 sub registered_plugins {
2855 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2857 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2858 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2861 sub _register_plugin {
2862 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2863 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2865 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2866 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2867 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2868 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2870 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2871 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2877 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2879 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2880 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2883 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2884 $class . '::Plugin',
2885 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2891 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2892 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2893 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2894 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2896 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2900 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2901 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2902 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2905 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2913 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2914 currently executing).
2918 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2919 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2920 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2922 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2923 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2924 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2927 =head2 $c->stats_class
2929 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2931 =head2 $c->use_stats
2933 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2935 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2936 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2943 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2945 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2946 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2947 your output data, if known.
2954 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2955 $c->finalize_headers;
2957 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2962 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2963 messages in template systems.
2967 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2969 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2971 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2977 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2981 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2985 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2986 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2987 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2988 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2989 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2993 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2994 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2995 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2999 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
3003 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3008 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3009 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3010 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3014 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3015 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3016 templates to a different directory.
3020 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3021 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3022 C<< $c->components >>).
3026 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3027 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3031 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3032 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3034 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3035 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3036 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3038 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3039 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3043 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3045 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3046 The path is synthesised from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3047 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3048 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3050 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3051 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3052 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3053 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3055 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3057 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3058 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3059 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3061 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3062 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3063 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3065 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3066 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3067 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3068 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3069 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3075 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3079 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3081 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3082 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3083 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3085 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3087 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3089 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3090 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3091 parsing with a config parameter.
3093 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3095 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3097 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3098 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3099 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3100 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3101 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3102 virtual host that the user connected through.
3104 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3105 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3106 changes are made to the request.
3108 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3109 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3111 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3112 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3114 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3115 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3116 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3117 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3118 be created properly.
3120 In the case of passing in:
3122 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3124 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3126 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3128 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3129 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3130 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3133 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3135 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3137 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3139 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3141 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3142 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3143 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3145 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3146 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3147 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3153 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3157 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3158 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3162 http://catalyst.perl.org
3166 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3170 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3172 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3174 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3176 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3178 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3180 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3182 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3184 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3188 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3190 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3196 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3198 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3202 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3206 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3208 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3210 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3212 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3214 chansen: Christian Hansen
3216 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3218 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3220 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3222 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3224 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3228 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3230 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3234 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3236 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3238 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3240 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3242 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3246 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3250 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3252 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3254 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3256 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3258 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3260 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3266 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3268 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3270 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3272 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3274 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3276 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3278 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3282 naughton: David Naughton
3284 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3286 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3288 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3294 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3296 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3298 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3300 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3302 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3304 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3306 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3310 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3312 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3316 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3318 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3320 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3322 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3324 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3326 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3328 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3334 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3338 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3339 the same terms as Perl itself.
3345 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;