4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
49 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
50 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
51 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
53 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
54 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
57 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
60 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
63 # For backwards compatibility
64 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
69 our $RECURSION = 1000;
70 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
71 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
73 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
74 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
75 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
76 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
77 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
78 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/;
80 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
81 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
82 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
83 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
85 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
87 our $VERSION = '5.90004';
90 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
92 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
94 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
96 my $caller = caller();
97 return if $caller eq 'main';
99 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
100 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
101 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
102 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
104 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
105 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
107 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
108 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
109 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
116 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
120 sub _application { $_[0] }
124 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
128 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
129 documentation and tutorials.
131 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
132 # use the helper to create a new application
135 # add models, views, controllers
136 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
137 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
138 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
140 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
141 # --help to see all available options
142 script/myapp_server.pl
144 # command line testing interface
145 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
148 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
150 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
151 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
152 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
153 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
154 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
156 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
157 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
158 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
159 # do something else after forward returns
163 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
164 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
168 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
169 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
171 # called after all actions are finished
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
175 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
176 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
179 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
183 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
184 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
185 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
186 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
188 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
190 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
191 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
192 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
195 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
197 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
198 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
202 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
205 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
206 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
208 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
210 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
211 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
213 The following flags are supported:
217 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
218 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
219 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
223 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
227 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
229 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
231 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
232 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
233 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
234 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
235 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
237 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
238 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
239 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
240 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
241 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
242 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
243 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
247 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
249 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
253 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
255 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
257 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
258 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
259 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
261 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
265 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
269 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
270 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
274 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
275 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
277 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
278 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
284 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
285 information about the current client request (including parameters,
286 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
288 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
290 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
292 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
294 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
295 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
296 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
297 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
298 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
300 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
303 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
304 $c->forward('index');
305 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
306 $c->forward('View::TT');
308 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
309 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
310 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
311 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
312 need to do something like:
315 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
317 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
320 $c->forward('foo') || return;
322 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
323 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
324 Thus, something like:
328 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
329 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
330 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
333 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
335 and access it from the stash.
337 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
341 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
343 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
345 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
349 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
350 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
352 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
356 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
358 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
360 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
362 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
363 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
364 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
365 you go to are called, just like a new request.
367 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
368 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
369 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
370 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
371 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
372 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
373 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
374 invoked from the callee.
376 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
378 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
379 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
380 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
381 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
382 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
386 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
388 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
390 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
392 The relationship between C<go> and
393 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
394 the relationship between
395 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
396 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
397 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
398 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
399 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
400 does not return to its caller.
402 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
403 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
408 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
414 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
418 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
419 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
420 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
421 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
422 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
423 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
426 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
427 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
428 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
430 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
431 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
435 around stash => sub {
438 my $stash = $orig->($c);
440 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
441 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
442 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
443 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
453 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
455 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
457 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
458 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
459 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
461 my @error = @{ $c->error };
465 $c->error('Something bad happened');
472 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
473 croak @$error unless ref $c;
474 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
476 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
477 return $c->{error} || [];
483 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
484 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
485 values it returns are scalar.
487 =head2 $c->clear_errors
489 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
490 implementing a custom error screen.
492 This is equivalent to running
503 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
505 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
508 # search components given a name and some prefixes
509 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
510 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
511 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
512 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
513 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
515 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
516 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
517 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
519 # undef for a name will return all
520 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
522 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
523 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
525 return @result if @result;
527 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
530 # skip regexp fallback if configured
532 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
536 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
538 # no results? try against full names
540 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
543 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
545 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
546 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
547 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
548 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
549 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
550 my $short = $result[0];
551 # remove the component namespace prefix
552 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
553 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
554 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
555 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
557 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
558 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
559 "component's config";
561 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
562 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
563 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
565 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
571 # Find possible names for a prefix
573 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
574 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
576 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
578 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
579 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
584 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
585 sub _filter_component {
586 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
588 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
589 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
595 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
597 =head2 $c->controller($name)
599 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
601 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
603 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
606 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
608 # find all controllers that start with Foo
609 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
615 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
617 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
619 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
620 my $comps = $c->components;
621 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
622 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
624 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
625 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
626 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
629 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
632 =head2 $c->model($name)
634 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
636 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
638 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
640 If the name is omitted, it will look for
641 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
642 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
643 - a config setting 'default_model', or
644 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
646 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
648 # find all models that start with Foo
649 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
654 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
655 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
657 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
658 my $comps = $c->components;
659 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
660 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
662 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
663 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
664 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
668 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
669 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
670 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
671 if $c->stash->{current_model};
673 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
674 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
676 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
679 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
680 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
686 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
690 =head2 $c->view($name)
692 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
694 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
696 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
698 If the name is omitted, it will look for
699 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
700 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
701 - a config setting 'default_view', or
702 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
704 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
706 # find all views that start with Foo
707 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
712 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
714 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
716 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
717 my $comps = $c->components;
718 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
719 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
720 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
723 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
726 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
727 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
728 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
732 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
733 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
734 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
735 if $c->stash->{current_view};
737 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
738 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
740 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
743 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
744 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
745 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
746 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
747 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
750 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
753 =head2 $c->controllers
755 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
761 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
766 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
772 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
778 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
784 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
787 =head2 $c->comp($name)
789 =head2 $c->component($name)
791 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
792 unless you want to get a specific component by full
793 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
794 should be used instead.
796 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
797 component name will be returned.
799 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
800 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
801 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
803 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
808 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
811 my $comps = $c->components;
814 # is it the exact name?
815 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
816 if exists $comps->{ $name };
818 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
819 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
820 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
821 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
823 # search all of the models, views and controllers
824 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
825 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
829 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
831 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
832 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
834 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
835 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
838 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
839 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
840 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
841 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
844 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
848 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
851 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
855 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
857 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
859 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
860 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
861 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
863 =head3 Cascading configuration
865 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
866 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
867 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
868 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
869 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
870 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
872 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
873 component is constructed.
877 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
878 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
880 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
883 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
889 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
890 on the receiving component to access the config value.
892 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
896 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
902 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
903 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
905 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
906 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
907 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
908 the constructor and use those instead.
912 around config => sub {
916 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
917 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
924 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
925 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
926 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
927 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
929 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
934 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
936 Your log class should implement the methods described in
942 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
944 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
948 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
950 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
952 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
954 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
958 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
960 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
966 =head2 $c->dispatcher
968 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
972 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
975 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
977 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
979 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
980 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
981 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
982 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
986 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
991 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
992 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
993 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
994 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
997 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
999 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
1000 loads and instantiates the given class.
1002 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
1004 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
1006 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
1007 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
1008 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
1013 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1015 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1016 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
1018 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1020 eval { $plugin->import };
1021 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1023 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1026 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1027 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1030 $class->$name($obj);
1031 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1037 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1038 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1039 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1043 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1048 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1049 croak('Running setup more than once')
1050 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1052 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1054 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1055 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1058 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1059 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1065 foreach (@arguments) {
1069 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1071 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1072 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1075 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1079 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1081 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1082 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1083 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1084 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1085 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1087 $class->setup_engine();
1088 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1090 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1092 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1093 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1096 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1100 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1101 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1102 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1103 You are running an old script!
1105 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1106 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1108 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1109 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1114 if ( $class->debug ) {
1115 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1118 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1119 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1120 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1121 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1124 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1125 my $engine = $class->engine;
1126 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1128 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1129 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1133 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1134 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1135 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1138 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1139 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1141 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1142 local *setup = sub { };
1143 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1146 # Initialize our data structure
1147 $class->components( {} );
1149 $class->setup_components;
1151 if ( $class->debug ) {
1152 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1153 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1154 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1155 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1156 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1158 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1159 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1162 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1163 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1164 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1167 $class->setup_actions;
1169 if ( $class->debug ) {
1170 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1171 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1174 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1175 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1177 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1180 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1182 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1183 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1186 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1187 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1188 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1189 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1190 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1192 $meta->make_immutable(
1193 replace_constructor => 1,
1194 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1197 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1198 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1199 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1202 $class->setup_finalize;
1203 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1204 # setup_finalize can log..
1205 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1206 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1209 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1211 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1212 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1214 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1218 after setup_finalize => sub {
1226 sub setup_finalize {
1228 $class->setup_finished(1);
1231 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1233 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1235 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1236 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1237 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1238 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1239 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1241 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1242 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1243 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1245 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1246 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1247 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1248 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1249 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1251 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1252 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1253 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1254 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1255 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1256 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1259 The captures for the current request can be found in
1260 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1261 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1262 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1264 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1265 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1266 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1268 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1269 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1271 # Path to a static resource
1272 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1277 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1279 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1280 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1285 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1288 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1290 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1291 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1292 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1293 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1296 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1297 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1298 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1299 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1303 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1304 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1305 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1309 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1310 if (not defined $path) {
1311 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1315 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1318 unshift(@args, $path);
1320 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1321 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1322 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1323 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1325 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1328 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1329 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1330 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1332 my $base = $c->req->base;
1333 my $class = ref($base);
1334 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1338 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1339 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1340 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1341 my $val = $params->{$_};
1342 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1345 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1348 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1349 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1350 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1352 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1356 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1360 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1362 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1368 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1370 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1371 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1374 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1377 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1379 For example, if the action looks like:
1381 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1383 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1387 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1389 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1395 sub uri_for_action {
1396 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1397 my $action = blessed($path)
1399 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1400 unless (defined $action) {
1401 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1403 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1406 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1408 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1412 sub welcome_message {
1414 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1415 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1416 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1417 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1419 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1420 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1421 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1423 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1424 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1425 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1426 <style type="text/css">
1429 background-color: #eee;
1436 margin-bottom: 10px;
1438 background-color: #ccc;
1439 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1444 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1447 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1450 text-decoration: none;
1452 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1454 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1467 background-color: #fff;
1468 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1472 font-weight: normal;
1494 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1499 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1501 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1502 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1503 framework will make web development something you had
1504 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1505 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1506 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1507 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1508 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1509 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1510 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1512 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1514 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1515 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1517 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1518 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1519 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1520 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1521 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1522 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1523 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1524 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1525 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1526 you are likely to find what you need there.
1530 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1531 get in touch with us.</p>
1534 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1537 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1540 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1543 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1544 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1545 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1546 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1554 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1556 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1558 =head2 $c->components
1560 Returns a hash of components.
1562 =head2 $c->context_class
1564 Returns or sets the context class.
1568 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1569 deep recursion detection).
1573 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1577 Dispatches a request to actions.
1581 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1583 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1585 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1587 =head2 $c->dump_these
1589 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1590 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1596 [ Request => $c->req ],
1597 [ Response => $c->res ],
1598 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1599 [ Config => $c->config ];
1602 =head2 $c->engine_class
1604 Returns or sets the engine class.
1606 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1608 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1614 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1615 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1618 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1619 my $action = $code->reverse();
1620 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1621 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1622 $c->log->error($error);
1628 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1630 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1632 no warnings 'recursion';
1633 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1634 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1635 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1637 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1639 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1641 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1642 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1643 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1645 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1646 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1649 unless ( ref $error ) {
1650 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1652 my $class = $last->class;
1653 my $name = $last->name;
1654 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1663 sub _stats_start_execute {
1664 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1665 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1666 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1667 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1669 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1670 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1672 my $action = $action_name;
1673 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1675 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1676 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1677 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1679 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1681 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1682 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1684 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1685 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1686 $action = "-> $action";
1691 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1693 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1694 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1695 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1697 # forward, locate the caller
1698 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1701 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1707 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1726 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1727 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1728 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1733 Finalizes the request.
1740 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1741 $c->log->error($error);
1744 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1745 my $engine = $c->engine;
1746 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1751 $c->finalize_uploads;
1754 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1758 $c->finalize_headers;
1761 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1762 $c->response->body('');
1770 if ($c->use_stats) {
1771 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1772 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1774 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1777 return $c->response->status;
1780 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1786 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1788 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1794 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1796 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1802 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1804 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1810 sub finalize_headers {
1813 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1815 # Check if we already finalized headers
1816 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1819 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1820 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1821 $response->header( Location => $location );
1823 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1824 # Add a default body if none is already present
1825 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1826 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1827 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1829 <title>Moved</title>
1832 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1836 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1841 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1843 # get the length from a filehandle
1844 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1846 my $size = -s $response->body;
1848 $response->content_length( $size );
1851 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1855 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1856 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1861 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1862 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1863 $response->body('');
1866 $c->finalize_cookies;
1868 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1871 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1874 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1876 An alias for finalize_body.
1878 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1880 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1884 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1886 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1888 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1892 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1894 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1896 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1900 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1902 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1904 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1909 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1911 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1913 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1917 sub handle_request {
1918 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1920 # Always expect worst case!
1923 if ($class->debug) {
1924 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1925 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1926 my $time = localtime time;
1927 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1930 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1932 $status = $c->finalize;
1935 chomp(my $error = $_);
1936 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1941 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1942 $class->log->$coderef();
1947 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1949 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1955 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1958 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1959 # into the application.
1960 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1962 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1964 # For on-demand data
1965 $c->request->_context($c);
1966 $c->response->_context($c);
1968 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1969 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1970 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1971 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1975 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1976 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1977 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1980 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1981 $c->prepare_connection;
1982 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1983 $c->prepare_headers;
1984 $c->prepare_cookies;
1987 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1988 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1991 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1992 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1997 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
1999 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2000 $c->response->status(400);
2001 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2002 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2007 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
2008 my $path = $c->req->path;
2009 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2010 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2019 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2021 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2025 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2027 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2029 Prepares message body.
2036 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2038 # Initialize on-demand data
2039 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2040 $c->prepare_parameters;
2041 $c->prepare_uploads;
2044 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2046 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2048 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2052 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2054 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2057 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2059 Prepares body parameters.
2063 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2065 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2068 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2070 Prepares connection.
2074 sub prepare_connection {
2076 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2079 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2085 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2087 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2093 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2095 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2097 Prepares parameters.
2101 sub prepare_parameters {
2103 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2104 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2107 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2109 Prepares path and base.
2113 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2115 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2117 Prepares query parameters.
2121 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2124 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2127 =head2 $c->log_request
2129 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2133 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2135 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2137 =item * Request parameters
2139 =item * File uploads
2148 return unless $c->debug;
2150 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2151 my $request = $dump->[1];
2153 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2155 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2157 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2159 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2161 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2162 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2165 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2167 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2170 =head2 $c->log_response
2172 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2173 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2180 return unless $c->debug;
2182 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2183 my $response = $dump->[1];
2185 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2186 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2189 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2191 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2195 =item * Response status code
2197 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2199 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2205 sub log_response_status_line {
2206 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2210 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2211 $response->status || 'unknown',
2212 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2213 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2218 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2220 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2221 No-op in the default implementation.
2225 sub log_response_headers {}
2227 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2229 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2233 sub log_request_parameters {
2235 my %all_params = @_;
2237 return unless $c->debug;
2239 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2240 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2241 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2242 next if ! keys %$params;
2243 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2244 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2245 my $param = $params->{$key};
2246 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2247 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2249 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2253 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2255 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2256 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2261 sub log_request_uploads {
2263 my $request = shift;
2264 return unless $c->debug;
2265 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2266 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2267 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2268 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2273 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2274 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2275 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2276 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2279 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2283 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2285 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2286 No-op in the default implementation.
2290 sub log_request_headers {}
2292 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2294 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2301 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2303 return unless $c->debug;
2305 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2306 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2309 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2310 $t->row( $name, $value );
2313 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2317 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2319 Prepares the input for reading.
2323 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2325 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2327 Prepares the engine request.
2331 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2333 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2339 sub prepare_uploads {
2342 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2345 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2347 Prepares the output for writing.
2351 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2353 =head2 $c->request_class
2355 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2357 =head2 $c->response_class
2359 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2361 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2363 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2364 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2365 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2367 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2370 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2371 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2372 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2376 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2386 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2387 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2388 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2391 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2393 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2397 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2399 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2401 Sets up actions for a component.
2405 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2407 =head2 $c->setup_components
2409 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2411 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2412 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2413 each component into the application.
2415 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2417 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2422 sub setup_components {
2425 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2427 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2428 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2430 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2431 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2432 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2433 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2435 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2437 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2438 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2439 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2441 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2444 for my $component (@comps) {
2445 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2446 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2447 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2448 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2449 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2450 next if $comps{$component};
2451 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2456 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2458 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2459 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2461 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2462 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2463 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2464 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2468 sub locate_components {
2472 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2473 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2475 push @paths, @$extra;
2477 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2478 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2482 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2483 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2488 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2490 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2491 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2495 sub expand_component_module {
2496 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2497 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2500 =head2 $c->setup_component
2504 sub setup_component {
2505 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2507 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2511 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2512 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2513 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2514 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2515 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2516 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2518 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2520 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2522 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2523 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2527 unless (blessed $instance) {
2528 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2529 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2530 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2531 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2532 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2534 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2540 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2546 sub setup_dispatcher {
2547 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2550 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2553 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2554 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2557 unless ($dispatcher) {
2558 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2561 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2563 # dispatcher instance
2564 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2567 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2574 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2576 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2577 $class->engine_loader(
2578 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2579 application_name => $class,
2580 (defined $requested_engine
2581 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2586 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2590 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2593 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2595 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2596 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2597 application_name => $class,
2598 (defined $requested_engine
2599 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2602 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2605 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2608 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2609 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2611 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2613 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2614 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2616 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2617 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2618 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2619 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2621 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2623 my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app;
2624 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2627 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2630 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2635 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2638 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2639 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2640 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2643 return $app->_psgi_app;
2646 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2649 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2650 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2651 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2654 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2656 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2657 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2658 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2659 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2660 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2662 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2663 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2664 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2667 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2670 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2672 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2673 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2677 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2680 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2682 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2683 useful and commonly needed:
2685 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2686 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2687 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2688 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2689 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2691 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2692 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2698 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2699 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2701 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2703 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2706 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2707 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2708 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2712 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2713 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2714 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2716 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2717 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2719 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2726 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2727 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2728 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2730 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2731 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2737 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2740 =head2 $c->setup_home
2742 Sets up the home directory.
2747 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2749 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2753 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2756 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2757 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2758 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2762 =head2 $c->setup_log
2764 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2765 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2768 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2769 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2770 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2772 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2773 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2774 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2779 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2782 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2783 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2784 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2786 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2787 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2788 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2789 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2792 unless ( $class->log ) {
2793 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2796 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2797 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2798 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2802 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2808 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2810 Sets up timing statistics class.
2815 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2817 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2819 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2820 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2821 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2822 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2827 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2829 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2830 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2832 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2833 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2834 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2836 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2844 sub registered_plugins {
2846 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2848 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2849 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2852 sub _register_plugin {
2853 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2854 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2856 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2857 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2858 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2859 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2861 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2862 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2868 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2870 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2871 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2874 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2875 $class . '::Plugin',
2876 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2882 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2883 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2884 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2885 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2887 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2891 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2892 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2893 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2896 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2904 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2905 currently executing).
2909 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2910 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2911 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2913 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2914 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2915 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2918 =head2 $c->stats_class
2920 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2922 =head2 $c->use_stats
2924 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2926 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2927 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2934 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2936 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2937 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2938 your output data, if known.
2945 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2946 $c->finalize_headers;
2948 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2953 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2954 messages in template systems.
2958 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2960 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2962 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2968 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2972 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2976 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2977 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2978 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2979 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2980 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2984 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2985 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2986 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2990 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2994 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2999 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3000 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3001 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3005 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3006 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3007 templates to a different directory.
3011 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3012 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3013 C<< $c->components >>).
3017 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3018 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3022 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3023 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3025 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3026 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3027 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3029 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3030 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3034 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3036 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3037 The path is synthesised from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3038 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3039 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3041 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3042 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3043 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3044 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3046 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3048 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3049 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3050 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3052 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3053 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3054 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3056 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3057 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3058 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3059 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3060 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3066 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3070 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3072 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3073 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3074 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3076 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3078 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3080 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3081 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3082 parsing with a config parameter.
3084 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3086 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3088 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3089 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3090 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3091 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3092 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3093 virtual host that the user connected through.
3095 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3096 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3097 changes are made to the request.
3099 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3100 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3102 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3103 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3105 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3106 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3107 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3108 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3109 be created properly.
3111 In the case of passing in:
3113 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3115 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3117 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3119 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3120 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3121 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3124 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3126 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3128 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3130 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3132 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3133 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3134 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3136 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3137 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3138 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3144 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3148 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3149 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3153 http://catalyst.perl.org
3157 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3161 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3163 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3165 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3167 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3169 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3171 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3173 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3175 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3177 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3179 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3185 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3187 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3191 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3195 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3197 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3199 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3201 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3203 chansen: Christian Hansen
3205 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3207 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3209 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3211 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3213 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3217 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3219 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3223 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3225 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3227 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3229 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3231 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3235 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3239 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3241 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3243 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3245 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3247 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3249 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3255 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3257 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3259 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3261 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3263 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3265 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3267 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3271 naughton: David Naughton
3273 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3275 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3277 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3283 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3285 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3287 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3289 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3291 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3293 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3295 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3299 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3301 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3305 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3307 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3309 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3311 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3313 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3315 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3317 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3321 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3325 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3326 the same terms as Perl itself.
3332 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;