4 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
10 use Catalyst::Response;
12 use Catalyst::Controller;
13 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
15 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
17 use Text::SimpleTable ();
18 use Path::Class::Dir ();
19 use Path::Class::File ();
20 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
24 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Carp qw/croak carp/;
31 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
33 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
34 qw/counter request response state action stack namespace stats stash/
37 attributes->import( __PACKAGE__, \&namespace, 'lvalue' );
39 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
46 # For backwards compatibility
47 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
52 our $RECURSION = 1000;
53 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
55 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
56 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
57 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
60 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
61 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
62 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
63 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
64 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
66 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
68 our $VERSION = '5.7013';
71 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
73 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
75 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
77 my $caller = caller(0);
79 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
81 if( $caller->can('meta') ){
82 my @superclasses = ($caller->meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
83 $caller->meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
85 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller';
89 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
95 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
99 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
100 documentation and tutorials.
102 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
103 # use the helper to create a new application
106 # add models, views, controllers
107 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
108 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
109 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
111 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
112 # --help to see all available options
113 script/myapp_server.pl
115 # command line testing interface
116 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
119 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
121 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
122 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
123 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
124 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
125 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
127 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
128 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
129 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
130 # do something else after forward returns
134 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
135 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
139 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
140 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
142 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
144 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
145 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
146 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
147 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
149 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
152 # called after all actions are finished
154 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
155 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
156 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
157 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
160 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
161 # called for /foo/bar
162 sub bar : Local { ... }
164 # called for /blargle
165 sub blargle : Global { ... }
167 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
168 sub index : Private { ... }
170 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
171 # called for /foo/bar/baz
172 sub baz : Local { ... }
174 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
175 sub auto : Private { ... }
177 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
178 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
179 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
180 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
181 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
184 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
188 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
189 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
190 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
191 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
193 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
195 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
196 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
197 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
200 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
202 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
203 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
207 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
210 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
211 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
213 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
215 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
216 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
218 The following flags are supported:
222 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
223 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
224 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
229 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
230 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
232 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
236 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
238 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
240 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
241 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
242 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
243 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
244 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
252 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
253 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
254 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
259 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
263 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
267 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
268 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
272 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
273 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
275 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
276 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
282 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
283 information about the current client request (including parameters,
284 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
286 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
288 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
290 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
292 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
293 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
294 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
295 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
296 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
298 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
301 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
302 $c->forward('index');
303 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
304 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
306 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
307 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
308 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
311 die $c->error if $c->error;
313 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
316 $c->forward('foo') || return;
320 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
322 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
324 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
328 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
329 processing is finished.
331 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
335 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
341 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
345 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
346 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
347 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
348 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
349 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
350 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
353 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
354 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
355 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
357 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
358 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
362 around stash => sub {
366 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
367 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
368 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
369 $c->$orig()->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
377 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
379 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
381 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
382 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
383 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
385 my @error = @{ $c->error };
389 $c->error('Something bad happened');
396 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
397 croak @$error unless ref $c;
398 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
400 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
401 return $c->{error} || [];
407 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
409 =head2 $c->clear_errors
411 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
412 implementing a custom error screen.
414 This is equivalent to running
428 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
430 foreach my $name (@names) {
431 foreach my $component ( keys %{ $c->components } ) {
432 return $c->components->{$component} if $component =~ /$name/i;
439 # try explicit component names
441 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
443 foreach my $try (@names) {
444 return $c->components->{$try} if ( exists $c->components->{$try} );
450 # like component, but try just these prefixes before regex searching,
451 # and do not try to return "sort keys %{ $c->components }"
453 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
455 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
457 my @names = map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } @prefixes;
459 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
460 return $comp if defined($comp);
461 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
465 # Find possible names for a prefix
468 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
470 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
472 my @pre = map { "${appclass}::${_}::" } @prefixes;
476 COMPONENT: foreach my $comp ($c->component) {
477 foreach my $p (@pre) {
478 if ($comp =~ s/^$p//) {
488 # Return a component if only one matches.
490 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
492 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
494 my ( $comp, $rest ) =
495 map { $c->_comp_search("^${appclass}::${_}::") } @prefixes;
496 return $comp unless $rest;
499 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
500 sub _filter_component {
501 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
502 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
503 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
505 else { return $comp }
508 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
510 =head2 $c->controller($name)
512 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
514 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
516 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
522 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
523 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ ),
526 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
529 =head2 $c->model($name)
531 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
533 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
535 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
537 If the name is omitted, it will look for
538 - a model object in $c->stash{current_model_instance}, then
539 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
540 - a config setting 'default_model', or
541 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
546 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
547 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ ),
551 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
552 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
553 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
554 if $c->stash->{current_model};
556 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
557 if $c->config->{default_model};
558 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/Model M/) );
562 =head2 $c->controllers
564 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
570 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
574 =head2 $c->view($name)
576 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
578 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
580 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
582 If the name is omitted, it will look for
583 - a view object in $c->stash{current_view_instance}, then
584 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
585 - a config setting 'default_view', or
586 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
591 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
592 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ ),
596 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
597 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
598 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
599 if $c->stash->{current_view};
601 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
602 if $c->config->{default_view};
603 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/View V/) );
608 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
614 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
620 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
626 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
629 =head2 $c->comp($name)
631 =head2 $c->component($name)
633 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
634 unless you want to get a specific component by full
635 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
636 should be used instead.
647 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
650 $name, "${appclass}::${name}",
651 map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" }
652 qw/Model M Controller C View V/
655 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
656 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
658 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
659 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
662 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
667 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
671 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
673 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
675 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
676 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
677 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
680 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
685 around config => sub {
689 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
690 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
697 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
698 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
699 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
700 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
702 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
707 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
709 Your log class should implement the methods described in
715 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
717 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
718 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
724 =head2 $c->dispatcher
726 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
727 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
731 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
735 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
737 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
739 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
740 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
744 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
749 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
750 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
751 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
752 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
755 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
757 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
758 loads and instantiates the given class.
760 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
762 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
767 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
768 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
770 eval { $plugin->import };
771 $class->mk_classdata($name);
773 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
776 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
777 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
781 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
787 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
788 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
789 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
793 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
798 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
800 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
801 if ( $class->setup_finished );
803 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
805 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
806 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
809 if ( $class->arguments ) {
810 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
816 foreach (@arguments) {
820 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
822 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
823 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
826 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
830 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
832 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
833 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
834 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
835 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
836 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
838 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
840 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
841 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
844 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
848 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
849 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
850 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
851 You are running an old script!
853 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
854 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
856 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
857 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
862 if ( $class->debug ) {
863 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
866 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
867 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
868 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
871 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
872 my $engine = $class->engine;
873 my $home = $class->config->{home};
875 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
876 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
880 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
881 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
882 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
887 no warnings qw/redefine/;
888 local *setup = sub { };
892 # Initialize our data structure
893 $class->components( {} );
895 $class->setup_components;
897 if ( $class->debug ) {
898 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
899 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
900 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
901 $t->row( $comp, $type );
903 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
904 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
907 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
908 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
910 $class->setup_actions;
912 if ( $class->debug ) {
913 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
914 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
916 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
918 $class->setup_finished(1);
921 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
923 Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with
924 C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L<URI>
925 object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path.
926 If the last argument to C<uri_for> is a hash reference, it is assumed to
927 contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI
930 Note that uri_for is destructive to the passed hashref. Subsequent calls
931 with the same hashref may have unintended results.
933 Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object
934 which will be resolved to a path using
935 C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of
936 C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed
937 to C<uri_for_action>.
942 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
944 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
945 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
948 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
949 return undef unless defined($path);
950 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
953 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
956 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
958 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
959 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
961 unshift(@args, $path);
963 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
964 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
965 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
966 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
968 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
971 # join args with '/', or a blank string
972 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
973 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
975 my $base = $c->req->base;
976 my $class = ref($base);
977 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
981 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
982 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
983 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
984 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
987 my $val = $params->{$_};
988 $val = '' unless defined $val;
991 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
992 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
993 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
995 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
999 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1003 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1005 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1009 sub welcome_message {
1011 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1012 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1013 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1014 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1016 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1017 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1018 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1020 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1021 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1022 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1023 <style type="text/css">
1026 background-color: #eee;
1033 margin-bottom: 10px;
1035 background-color: #ccc;
1036 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1041 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1044 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1047 text-decoration: none;
1049 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1051 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1064 background-color: #fff;
1065 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1069 font-weight: normal;
1091 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1096 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1098 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1099 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1100 framework will make web development something you had
1101 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1102 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1103 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1104 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1105 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1106 you might want want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1107 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1109 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1111 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1112 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1114 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1115 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1116 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1117 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1118 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1119 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1120 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1121 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1122 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1123 you are likely to find what you need there.
1127 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1128 get in touch with us.</p>
1131 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1134 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1137 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1140 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1141 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1142 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1143 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1151 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1153 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1155 =head2 $c->components
1157 Returns a hash of components.
1159 =head2 $c->context_class
1161 Returns or sets the context class.
1165 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1166 deep recursion detection).
1170 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1174 Dispatches a request to actions.
1178 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1180 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1182 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1184 =head2 $c->dump_these
1186 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1187 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1193 [ Request => $c->req ],
1194 [ Response => $c->res ],
1195 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1196 [ Config => $c->config ];
1199 =head2 $c->engine_class
1201 Returns or sets the engine class.
1203 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1205 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1211 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1212 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1215 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1216 my $action = "$code";
1217 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1218 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "$action"/;
1219 $c->log->error($error);
1225 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1227 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1229 eval { $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1231 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1233 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1235 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1236 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 }
1238 unless ( ref $error ) {
1239 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1241 my $class = $last->class;
1242 my $name = $last->name;
1243 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1252 sub _stats_start_execute {
1253 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1255 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1256 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1258 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
1260 my $action = "$code";
1261 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1263 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1264 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1265 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1267 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1269 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1270 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1272 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1273 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1274 $action = "-> $action";
1279 my $uid = "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"};
1281 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1282 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1284 # forward, locate the caller
1285 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1288 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1294 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1313 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1314 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1315 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1318 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1322 sub _localize_fields {
1323 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1325 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1326 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1328 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1329 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1330 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1337 Finalizes the request.
1344 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1345 $c->log->error($error);
1348 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1349 if ( $c->engine->can('finalize') ) {
1350 $c->engine->finalize($c);
1354 $c->finalize_uploads;
1357 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1361 $c->finalize_headers;
1364 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1365 $c->response->body('');
1371 if ($c->use_stats) {
1372 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1373 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1375 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1378 return $c->response->status;
1381 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1387 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1389 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1395 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1397 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1403 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1405 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1411 sub finalize_headers {
1414 # Check if we already finalized headers
1415 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
1418 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
1419 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1420 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
1422 if ( !$c->response->body ) {
1423 # Add a default body if none is already present
1425 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1431 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
1433 # get the length from a filehandle
1434 if ( blessed( $c->response->body ) && $c->response->body->can('read') )
1436 my $stat = stat $c->response->body;
1437 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1438 $c->response->content_length( $stat->size );
1441 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1445 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1446 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
1451 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1452 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1453 $c->response->body('');
1456 $c->finalize_cookies;
1458 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1461 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
1464 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1466 An alias for finalize_body.
1468 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1470 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1474 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1476 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1478 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1482 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1484 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1486 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1490 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1492 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1494 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1499 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1501 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1503 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1507 sub handle_request {
1508 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1510 # Always expect worst case!
1513 if ($class->debug) {
1514 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1515 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1516 my $time = localtime time;
1517 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1520 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1522 $status = $c->finalize;
1525 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1527 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1531 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1535 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1537 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1543 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1545 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1546 my $c = $class->context_class->new(
1550 request => $class->request_class->new(
1553 body_parameters => {},
1555 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1557 query_parameters => {},
1563 response => $class->response_class->new(
1567 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1576 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1578 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1581 # For on-demand data
1582 $c->request->_context($c);
1583 $c->response->_context($c);
1585 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1586 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1587 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1590 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1591 $c->prepare_connection;
1592 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1593 $c->prepare_headers;
1594 $c->prepare_cookies;
1597 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1598 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1601 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1602 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1607 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1608 my $path = $c->req->path || '/';
1609 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1611 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1619 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1621 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1625 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1627 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1629 Prepares message body.
1636 # Do we run for the first time?
1637 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1639 # Initialize on-demand data
1640 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1641 $c->prepare_parameters;
1642 $c->prepare_uploads;
1644 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1645 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1646 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1647 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1648 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1650 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1652 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1656 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1658 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1660 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1664 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1666 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1669 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1671 Prepares body parameters.
1675 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1677 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1680 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1682 Prepares connection.
1686 sub prepare_connection {
1688 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1691 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1697 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1699 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1705 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1707 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1709 Prepares parameters.
1713 sub prepare_parameters {
1715 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1716 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1719 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1721 Prepares path and base.
1725 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1727 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1729 Prepares query parameters.
1733 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1736 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1738 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1739 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1740 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1741 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1742 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1744 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1746 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1750 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1752 Prepares the input for reading.
1756 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1758 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1760 Prepares the engine request.
1764 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1766 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1772 sub prepare_uploads {
1775 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1777 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1778 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1779 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1784 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1785 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1786 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1787 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1790 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1794 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1796 Prepares the output for writing.
1800 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1802 =head2 $c->request_class
1804 Returns or sets the request class.
1806 =head2 $c->response_class
1808 Returns or sets the response class.
1810 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1812 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1813 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1814 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1816 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1819 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1820 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1821 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1825 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1833 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1835 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1837 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1841 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1843 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1845 Sets up actions for a component.
1849 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1851 =head2 $c->setup_components
1853 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1854 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1855 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1856 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1857 application class name prepended to them.
1861 sub setup_components {
1864 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1865 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1866 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1868 push @paths, @$extra;
1870 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1871 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1875 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
1876 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
1878 for my $component ( @comps ) {
1880 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
1881 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
1882 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
1884 #Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1885 Class::MOP::load_class($component);
1887 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1889 $component => $module,
1891 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
1893 not exists $comps{$_}
1894 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
1897 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
1898 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
1903 =head2 $c->setup_component
1907 sub setup_component {
1908 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
1910 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
1914 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
1915 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
1917 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
1919 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1921 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1922 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
1926 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1928 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
1929 ) unless eval { $instance->can( 'can' ) };
1934 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
1940 sub setup_dispatcher {
1941 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1944 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1947 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
1948 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
1951 unless ($dispatcher) {
1952 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1955 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($dispatcher)) {
1956 require Class::Inspector->filename($dispatcher);
1959 # dispatcher instance
1960 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1963 =head2 $c->setup_engine
1970 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1973 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1976 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
1977 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
1980 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1982 # create the apache method
1985 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
1988 my ( $software, $version ) =
1989 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
1992 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
1994 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
1998 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
1999 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2002 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2003 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2006 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2007 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2011 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2012 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2017 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2018 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2019 *handler = sub : method {
2020 shift->handle_request(@_);
2024 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2029 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2030 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2034 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2035 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2040 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2043 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
2044 require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
2047 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2049 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2050 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2055 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2056 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2061 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2062 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2067 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2068 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2074 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2075 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2080 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2083 =head2 $c->setup_home
2085 Sets up the home directory.
2090 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2092 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2097 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2101 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2102 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2106 =head2 $c->setup_log
2113 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2115 unless ( $class->log ) {
2116 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2119 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2120 if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) {
2122 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
2123 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2127 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2133 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2135 Sets up timing statistics class.
2140 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2142 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2144 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2145 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2147 *{"$class\::use_stats"} = sub { 1 };
2148 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2153 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2155 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2156 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2158 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2159 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2160 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2162 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2170 sub registered_plugins {
2172 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2174 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2175 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2178 sub _register_plugin {
2179 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2180 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2182 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2183 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2185 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $plugin );
2187 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2190 if( $class->can('meta') ){
2191 my @superclasses = ($plugin, $class->meta->superclasses );
2192 $class->meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
2194 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2201 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2203 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2205 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2207 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2208 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2211 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2218 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2219 currently executing).
2221 =head2 $c->stats_class
2223 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2225 =head2 $c->use_stats
2227 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2228 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2229 environment variable is set.
2231 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2232 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2239 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2241 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2242 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2243 your output data, if known.
2250 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2251 $c->finalize_headers;
2253 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2258 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2259 messages in template systems.
2263 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2265 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2267 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2268 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2269 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2271 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2273 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2275 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2276 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2279 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2281 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2283 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2285 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2286 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2287 parsing with a config parameter.
2289 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2291 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2293 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2294 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2295 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2296 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2297 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2298 virtual host that the user connected through.
2300 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2301 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2302 changes are made to the request.
2304 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2305 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2307 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2308 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2310 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2312 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2313 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2314 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2317 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2319 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2321 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2323 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2325 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2326 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2327 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2329 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2330 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2331 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2337 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2341 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2342 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2346 http://catalyst.perl.org
2350 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2354 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2356 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2358 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2360 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2362 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2364 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2366 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2368 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2442 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
2446 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2447 the same terms as Perl itself.