4 use base 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
10 use Catalyst::Response;
12 use Catalyst::Controller;
13 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
15 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
17 use Text::SimpleTable ();
18 use Path::Class::Dir ();
19 use Path::Class::File ();
20 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
24 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Carp qw/croak carp/;
31 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
33 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
34 qw/counter request response state action stack namespace stats/
37 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
44 # For backwards compatibility
45 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
50 our $RECURSION = 1000;
51 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
52 our $GO = "catalyst_go\n";
54 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
55 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
56 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
59 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
60 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
61 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
62 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
63 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
65 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
67 our $VERSION = '5.7099_02';
70 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
72 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
74 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
76 my $caller = caller(0);
78 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
80 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller';
83 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
89 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
93 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
94 documentation and tutorials.
96 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
97 # use the helper to create a new application
100 # add models, views, controllers
101 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
102 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
103 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
105 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
106 # --help to see all available options
107 script/myapp_server.pl
109 # command line testing interface
110 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
113 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
115 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
116 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
117 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
118 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
119 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
121 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
122 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
123 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
124 # do something else after forward returns
128 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
129 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
133 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
134 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
136 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
138 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
139 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
140 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
141 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
143 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
146 # called after all actions are finished
148 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
149 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
150 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
151 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
154 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
155 # called for /foo/bar
156 sub bar : Local { ... }
158 # called for /blargle
159 sub blargle : Global { ... }
161 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
162 sub index : Private { ... }
164 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
165 # called for /foo/bar/baz
166 sub baz : Local { ... }
168 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
169 sub auto : Private { ... }
171 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
172 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
175 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
178 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
182 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
183 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
184 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
185 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
187 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
189 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
190 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
191 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
194 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
196 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
197 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
201 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
204 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
205 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
207 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
209 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
210 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
212 The following flags are supported:
216 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
217 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
218 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
223 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
224 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
226 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
230 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
232 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
234 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
235 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
236 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
237 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
238 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
246 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
247 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
248 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
253 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
257 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
261 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
262 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
266 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
267 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
269 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
270 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
276 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
277 information about the current client request (including parameters,
278 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
280 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
282 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
284 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
286 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
287 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
288 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
289 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
290 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
292 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
295 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
296 $c->forward('index');
297 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
298 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
300 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
301 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
302 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
305 die $c->error if $c->error;
307 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
310 $c->forward('foo') || return;
314 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
316 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
318 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
322 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
323 processing is finished.
325 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
329 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
331 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
333 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
335 Almost the same as C<detach>, but does a full dispatch, instead of just
336 calling the new C<$action> / C<$class-E<gt>$method>. This means that C<begin>,
337 C<auto> and the method you go to is called, just like a new request.
339 C<$c-E<gt>stash> is kept unchanged.
343 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
349 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
353 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
354 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
355 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
356 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
357 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
358 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
361 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
362 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
363 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
365 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
366 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
373 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
374 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
375 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
376 $c->{stash}->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
384 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
386 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
388 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
389 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
390 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
392 my @error = @{ $c->error };
396 $c->error('Something bad happened');
403 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
404 croak @$error unless ref $c;
405 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
407 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
408 return $c->{error} || [];
414 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
416 =head2 $c->clear_errors
418 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
419 implementing a custom error screen.
421 This is equivalent to running
432 # search components given a name and some prefixes
433 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
434 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
435 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
436 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
438 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
439 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
440 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
442 # undef for a name will return all
443 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
445 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
446 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
448 return map { $c->components->{ $_ } } @result if @result;
450 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
455 @result = map { $c->components->{ $_ } } grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
457 # no results? try against full names
459 @result = map { $c->components->{ $_ } } grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
462 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
464 $c->log->warn( qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback.) );
465 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.' );
466 $c->log->warn( 'If you really want to search, pass in a regexp as the argument.' );
472 # Find possible names for a prefix
474 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
475 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
477 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
479 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; } $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
483 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
484 sub _filter_component {
485 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
487 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
488 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
494 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
496 =head2 $c->controller($name)
498 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
500 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
502 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
505 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
507 # find all controllers that start with Foo
508 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
514 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
517 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
518 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
519 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
522 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
525 =head2 $c->model($name)
527 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
529 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
531 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
533 If the name is omitted, it will look for
534 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
535 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
536 - a config setting 'default_model', or
537 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
539 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
541 # find all models that start with Foo
542 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
547 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
550 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
551 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
552 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
556 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
557 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
558 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
559 if $c->stash->{current_model};
561 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
562 if $c->config->{default_model};
564 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
567 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:' );
568 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_model} # the name of the default model to use' );
569 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
570 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
571 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.80, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
574 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
578 =head2 $c->view($name)
580 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
582 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
584 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
586 If the name is omitted, it will look for
587 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
588 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
589 - a config setting 'default_view', or
590 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
592 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
594 # find all views that start with Foo
595 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
600 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
603 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
604 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
605 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
609 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
610 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
611 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
612 if $c->stash->{current_view};
614 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
615 if $c->config->{default_view};
617 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
620 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
621 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config->{default_view} # the name of the default view to use' );
622 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
623 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
624 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.80, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
627 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
630 =head2 $c->controllers
632 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
638 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
643 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
649 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
655 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
661 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
664 =head2 $c->comp($name)
666 =head2 $c->component($name)
668 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
669 unless you want to get a specific component by full
670 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
671 should be used instead.
673 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
674 component name will be returned.
679 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
682 my $comps = $c->components;
685 # is it the exact name?
686 return $comps->{ $name } if exists $comps->{ $name };
688 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
689 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
690 return $comps->{ $composed } if exists $comps->{ $composed };
692 # search all of the models, views and controllers
693 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
694 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
697 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
698 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
700 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
701 return @result if ref $name;
704 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
705 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
709 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
713 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
716 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
720 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
722 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
724 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
725 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
726 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
729 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
737 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
738 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
740 $c->NEXT::config(@_);
745 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
746 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
747 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
748 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
750 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
755 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
757 Your log class should implement the methods described in
763 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
765 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
766 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
772 =head2 $c->dispatcher
774 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
775 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
779 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
783 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
785 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
787 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
788 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
792 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
797 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
798 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
799 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
800 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
803 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
805 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
806 loads and instantiates the given class.
808 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
810 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
815 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
816 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
818 eval { $plugin->import };
819 $class->mk_classdata($name);
821 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
824 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
825 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
829 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
835 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
836 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
837 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
841 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
846 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
848 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
849 if ( $class->setup_finished );
851 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
853 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
854 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
857 if ( $class->arguments ) {
858 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
864 foreach (@arguments) {
868 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
870 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
871 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
874 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
878 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
880 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
881 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
882 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
883 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
884 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
886 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
888 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
889 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
892 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
896 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
897 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
898 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
899 You are running an old script!
901 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
902 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
904 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
905 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
910 if ( $class->debug ) {
911 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
914 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
915 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
916 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
919 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
920 my $engine = $class->engine;
921 my $home = $class->config->{home};
923 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
924 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
928 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
929 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
930 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
935 no warnings qw/redefine/;
936 local *setup = sub { };
940 # Initialize our data structure
941 $class->components( {} );
943 $class->setup_components;
945 if ( $class->debug ) {
946 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
947 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
948 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
949 $t->row( $comp, $type );
951 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
952 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
955 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
956 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
958 $class->setup_actions;
960 if ( $class->debug ) {
961 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
962 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
964 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
966 $class->setup_finished(1);
969 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
971 Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with
972 C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L<URI>
973 object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path.
974 If the last argument to C<uri_for> is a hash reference, it is assumed to
975 contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI
978 Note that uri_for is destructive to the passed hashref. Subsequent calls
979 with the same hashref may have unintended results.
981 Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object
982 which will be resolved to a path using
983 C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of
984 C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed
985 to C<uri_for_action>.
990 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
992 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
993 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
996 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
997 return undef unless defined($path);
998 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1001 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1004 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1006 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1007 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
1009 unshift(@args, $path);
1011 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1012 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1013 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1014 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1016 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1019 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1020 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1021 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1023 my $base = $c->req->base;
1024 my $class = ref($base);
1025 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1029 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1030 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1031 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1032 my $val = $params->{$_};
1033 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1036 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1039 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
1040 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1041 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1043 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1047 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1051 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1053 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1057 sub welcome_message {
1059 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1060 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1061 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1062 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1064 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1065 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1066 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1068 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1069 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1070 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1071 <style type="text/css">
1074 background-color: #eee;
1081 margin-bottom: 10px;
1083 background-color: #ccc;
1084 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1089 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1092 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1095 text-decoration: none;
1097 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1099 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1112 background-color: #fff;
1113 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1117 font-weight: normal;
1139 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1144 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1146 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1147 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1148 framework will make web development something you had
1149 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1150 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1151 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1152 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1153 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1154 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1155 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1157 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1159 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1160 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1162 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1163 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1164 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1165 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1166 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1167 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1168 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1169 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1170 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1171 you are likely to find what you need there.
1175 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1176 get in touch with us.</p>
1179 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1182 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1185 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1188 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1189 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1190 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1191 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1199 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1201 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1203 =head2 $c->components
1205 Returns a hash of components.
1207 =head2 $c->context_class
1209 Returns or sets the context class.
1213 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1214 deep recursion detection).
1218 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1222 Dispatches a request to actions.
1226 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1228 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1230 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1232 =head2 $c->dump_these
1234 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1235 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1241 [ Request => $c->req ],
1242 [ Response => $c->res ],
1243 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1244 [ Config => $c->config ];
1247 =head2 $c->engine_class
1249 Returns or sets the engine class.
1251 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1253 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1259 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1260 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1263 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1264 my $action = "$code";
1265 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1266 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "$action"/;
1267 $c->log->error($error);
1273 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1275 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1277 eval { $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1279 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1281 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1283 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1284 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) {
1285 die $DETACH if($c->depth > 1);
1287 elsif ( !ref($error) and $error eq $GO ) {
1288 die $GO if($c->depth > 0);
1291 unless ( ref $error ) {
1292 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1294 my $class = $last->class;
1295 my $name = $last->name;
1296 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1305 sub _stats_start_execute {
1306 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1308 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1309 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1311 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
1313 my $action = "$code";
1314 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1316 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1317 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1318 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1320 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1322 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1323 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1325 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1326 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1327 $action = "-> $action";
1332 my $uid = "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"};
1334 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1335 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1337 # forward, locate the caller
1338 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1341 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1347 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1366 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1367 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1368 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1371 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1375 sub _localize_fields {
1376 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1378 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1379 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1381 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1382 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1383 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1390 Finalizes the request.
1397 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1398 $c->log->error($error);
1401 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1402 if ( $c->engine->can('finalize') ) {
1403 $c->engine->finalize($c);
1407 $c->finalize_uploads;
1410 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1414 $c->finalize_headers;
1417 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1418 $c->response->body('');
1424 if ($c->use_stats) {
1425 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1426 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1428 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1431 return $c->response->status;
1434 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1440 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1442 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1448 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1450 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1456 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1458 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1464 sub finalize_headers {
1467 # Check if we already finalized headers
1468 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
1471 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
1472 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1473 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
1475 if ( !$c->response->body ) {
1476 # Add a default body if none is already present
1478 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1484 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
1486 # get the length from a filehandle
1487 if ( blessed( $c->response->body ) && $c->response->body->can('read') )
1489 my $stat = stat $c->response->body;
1490 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1491 $c->response->content_length( $stat->size );
1494 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1498 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1499 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
1504 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1505 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1506 $c->response->body('');
1509 $c->finalize_cookies;
1511 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1514 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
1517 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1519 An alias for finalize_body.
1521 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1523 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1527 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1529 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1531 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1535 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1537 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1539 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1543 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1545 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1547 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1552 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1554 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1556 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1560 sub handle_request {
1561 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1563 # Always expect worst case!
1566 if ($class->debug) {
1567 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1568 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1569 my $time = localtime time;
1570 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1573 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1575 $status = $c->finalize;
1578 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1580 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1584 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1588 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1590 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1596 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1598 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1599 my $c = $class->context_class->new(
1603 request => $class->request_class->new(
1606 body_parameters => {},
1608 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1610 query_parameters => {},
1616 response => $class->response_class->new(
1620 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1629 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1631 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1634 # For on-demand data
1635 $c->request->{_context} = $c;
1636 $c->response->{_context} = $c;
1637 weaken( $c->request->{_context} );
1638 weaken( $c->response->{_context} );
1640 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1641 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1642 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1645 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1646 $c->prepare_connection;
1647 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1648 $c->prepare_headers;
1649 $c->prepare_cookies;
1652 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1653 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1656 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1657 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1662 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1663 my $path = $c->req->path;
1664 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1665 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1667 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1675 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1677 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1681 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1683 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1685 Prepares message body.
1692 # Do we run for the first time?
1693 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1695 # Initialize on-demand data
1696 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1697 $c->prepare_parameters;
1698 $c->prepare_uploads;
1700 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1701 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1702 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1703 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1704 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1706 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1708 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1712 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1714 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1716 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1720 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1722 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1725 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1727 Prepares body parameters.
1731 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1733 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1736 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1738 Prepares connection.
1742 sub prepare_connection {
1744 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1747 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1753 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1755 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1761 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1763 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1765 Prepares parameters.
1769 sub prepare_parameters {
1771 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1772 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1775 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1777 Prepares path and base.
1781 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1783 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1785 Prepares query parameters.
1789 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1792 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1794 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1795 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1796 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1797 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1798 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1800 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1802 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1806 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1808 Prepares the input for reading.
1812 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1814 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1816 Prepares the engine request.
1820 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1822 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1828 sub prepare_uploads {
1831 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1833 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1834 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1835 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1840 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1841 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1842 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1843 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1846 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1850 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1852 Prepares the output for writing.
1856 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1858 =head2 $c->request_class
1860 Returns or sets the request class.
1862 =head2 $c->response_class
1864 Returns or sets the response class.
1866 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1868 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1869 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1870 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1872 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1875 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1876 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1877 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1881 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1889 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1891 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1893 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1897 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1899 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1901 Sets up actions for a component.
1905 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1907 =head2 $c->setup_components
1909 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1910 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1911 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1912 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1913 application class name prepended to them.
1915 All components found will also have any
1916 L<Devel::InnerPackage|inner packages> loaded and set up as components.
1917 Note, that modules which are B<not> an I<inner package> of the main
1918 file namespace loaded will not be instantiated as components.
1922 sub setup_components {
1925 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1926 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1927 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1929 push @paths, @$extra;
1931 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1932 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1936 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
1937 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
1939 for my $component ( @comps ) {
1941 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
1942 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
1943 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
1945 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1947 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1949 $component => $module,
1951 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
1953 not exists $comps{$_}
1954 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
1957 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
1958 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
1963 =head2 $c->setup_component
1967 sub setup_component {
1968 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
1970 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
1974 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
1975 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
1977 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
1979 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1981 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1982 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
1986 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1988 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
1989 ) unless eval { $instance->can( 'can' ) };
1994 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2000 sub setup_dispatcher {
2001 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2004 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2007 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2008 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2011 unless ($dispatcher) {
2012 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2015 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($dispatcher)) {
2016 require Class::Inspector->filename($dispatcher);
2019 # dispatcher instance
2020 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2023 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2030 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2033 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2036 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2037 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2040 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2042 # create the apache method
2045 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
2048 my ( $software, $version ) =
2049 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2052 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2054 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2058 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2059 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2062 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2063 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2066 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2067 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2071 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2072 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2077 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2078 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2079 *handler = sub : method {
2080 shift->handle_request(@_);
2084 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2089 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2090 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2094 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2095 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2100 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2103 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
2104 require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
2107 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2109 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2110 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2115 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2116 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2121 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2122 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2127 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2128 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2134 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2135 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2140 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2143 =head2 $c->setup_home
2145 Sets up the home directory.
2150 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2152 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2157 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2161 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2162 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2166 =head2 $c->setup_log
2173 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2175 unless ( $class->log ) {
2176 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2179 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2180 if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) {
2182 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
2183 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2187 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2193 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2195 Sets up timing statistics class.
2200 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2202 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2204 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2205 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2207 *{"$class\::use_stats"} = sub { 1 };
2208 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2213 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2215 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2216 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2218 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2219 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2220 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2222 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2230 sub registered_plugins {
2232 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2234 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2235 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2238 sub _register_plugin {
2239 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2240 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2242 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2243 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2245 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $plugin );
2247 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2250 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2256 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2258 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2260 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2262 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2263 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2266 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2273 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2274 currently executing).
2276 =head2 $c->stats_class
2278 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2280 =head2 $c->use_stats
2282 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2283 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2284 environment variable is set.
2286 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2287 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2294 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2296 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2297 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2298 your output data, if known.
2305 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2306 $c->finalize_headers;
2308 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2313 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2314 messages in template systems.
2318 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2320 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2322 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2323 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2324 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2326 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2328 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2330 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2331 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2334 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2336 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2338 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2340 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2341 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2342 parsing with a config parameter.
2344 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2346 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2348 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2349 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2350 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2351 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2352 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2353 virtual host that the user connected through.
2355 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2356 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2357 changes are made to the request.
2359 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2360 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2362 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2363 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2365 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2367 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2368 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2369 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2372 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2374 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2376 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2378 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2380 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2381 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2382 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2384 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2385 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2386 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2392 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2396 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2397 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2401 http://catalyst.perl.org
2405 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2409 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2411 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2413 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2415 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2417 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2419 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2421 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2423 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2425 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
2427 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
2433 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
2441 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
2443 audreyt: Audrey Tang
2445 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
2447 chansen: Christian Hansen
2449 chicks: Christopher Hicks
2451 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
2455 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
2457 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
2459 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
2465 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
2471 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
2473 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
2475 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
2477 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
2481 naughton: David Naughton
2483 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
2485 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
2487 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
2491 omega: Andreas Marienborg
2493 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
2497 the_jester: Jesse Sheidlower
2501 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
2505 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2506 the same terms as Perl itself.