4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
37 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
54 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
57 # For backwards compatibility
58 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
63 our $RECURSION = 1000;
64 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
65 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
67 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
68 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
69 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
70 for qw/container components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
71 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
74 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
75 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
76 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
77 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
78 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
80 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
82 our $VERSION = '5.80032';
85 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
87 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
89 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
91 my $caller = caller();
92 return if $caller eq 'main';
94 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
95 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
96 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
97 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
99 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
100 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
104 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
107 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
111 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
115 sub _application { $_[0] }
119 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
123 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
124 documentation and tutorials.
126 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
127 # use the helper to create a new application
130 # add models, views, controllers
131 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
132 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
133 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
135 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
136 # --help to see all available options
137 script/myapp_server.pl
139 # command line testing interface
140 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
143 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
145 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
146 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
147 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
148 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
149 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
151 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
152 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
153 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
154 # do something else after forward returns
158 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
159 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
163 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
164 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
166 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
168 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
169 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
170 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
171 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
173 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
176 # called after all actions are finished
178 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
179 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
180 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
181 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
184 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
185 # called for /foo/bar
186 sub bar : Local { ... }
188 # called for /blargle
189 sub blargle : Global { ... }
191 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
192 sub index : Private { ... }
194 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
195 # called for /foo/bar/baz
196 sub baz : Local { ... }
198 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
199 sub auto : Private { ... }
201 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
202 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
203 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
204 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
205 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
208 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
212 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
213 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
214 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
215 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
217 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
219 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
220 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
221 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
224 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
226 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
227 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
231 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
234 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
235 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
237 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
239 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
240 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
242 The following flags are supported:
246 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
247 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
248 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
251 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
252 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
256 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
257 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
259 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
263 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
265 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
267 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
268 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
269 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
270 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
271 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
273 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
274 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
275 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
276 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
277 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
278 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
279 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
283 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
285 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
289 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
291 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
293 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
294 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
295 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
297 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
301 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
305 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
306 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
310 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
311 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
313 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
314 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
320 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
321 information about the current client request (including parameters,
322 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
324 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
326 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
328 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
330 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
331 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
332 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
333 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
334 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
336 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
339 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
340 $c->forward('index');
341 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
342 $c->forward('View::TT');
344 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
345 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
346 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
347 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
348 need to do something like:
351 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
353 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
356 $c->forward('foo') || return;
358 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
359 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
360 Thus, something like:
364 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
365 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
366 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
369 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
371 and access it from the stash.
373 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
377 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
379 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
381 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
385 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
386 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
388 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
392 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
394 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
396 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
399 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
400 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
401 you go to are called, just like a new request.
403 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
404 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
405 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
406 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
407 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
408 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
409 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
410 invoked from the callee.
412 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
414 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
415 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
416 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
417 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
418 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
422 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
424 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
426 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
428 The relationship between C<go> and
429 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
430 the relationship between
431 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
432 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
433 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
434 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
435 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
436 does not return to its caller.
438 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
439 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
444 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
450 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
454 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
455 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
456 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
457 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
458 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
459 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
462 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
463 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
464 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
466 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
467 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
471 around stash => sub {
474 my $stash = $orig->($c);
476 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
477 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
478 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
479 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
489 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
491 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
493 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
494 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
495 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
497 my @error = @{ $c->error };
501 $c->error('Something bad happened');
508 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
509 croak @$error unless ref $c;
510 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
512 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
513 return $c->{error} || [];
519 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
520 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
521 values it returns are scalar.
523 =head2 $c->clear_errors
525 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
526 implementing a custom error screen.
528 This is equivalent to running
539 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
541 =head2 $c->controller($name)
543 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
545 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
547 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
550 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
552 # find all controllers that start with Foo
553 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
559 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
560 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('controller');
563 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
564 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args )
565 if $container->has_service($name) && !ref $name;
567 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
570 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
573 =head2 $c->model($name)
575 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
577 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
579 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
581 If the name is omitted, it will look for
582 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
583 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
584 - a config setting 'default_model', or
585 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
587 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
589 # find all models that start with Foo
590 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
595 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
596 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
597 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('model');
600 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
601 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args )
602 if $container->has_service($name) && !ref $name;
604 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
608 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
609 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
610 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
611 if $c->stash->{current_model};
613 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
614 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
616 # FIXME: will this still be mantained?
617 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
620 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
621 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
622 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
623 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
624 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
627 return $container->get_component( $comp, $c, @args );
631 =head2 $c->view($name)
633 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
635 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
637 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
639 If the name is omitted, it will look for
640 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
641 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
642 - a config setting 'default_view', or
643 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
645 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
647 # find all views that start with Foo
648 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
653 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
654 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
655 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container('view');
658 # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
659 return $container->get_component( $name, $c, @args )
660 if !ref $name && $container->has_service($name);
662 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$name', but does not exist" );
664 return $container->get_component_regexp( $name, $c, @args );
668 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
669 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
670 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
671 if $c->stash->{current_view};
673 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
674 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
676 my( $comp, $rest ) = $container->get_service_list;
679 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
680 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
686 return $container->get_component( $comp, $c, @args );
689 =head2 $c->controllers
691 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
697 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
702 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
708 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
714 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
720 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
723 =head2 $c->comp($name)
725 =head2 $c->component($name)
727 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
728 unless you want to get a specific component by full
729 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
730 should be used instead.
732 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
733 component name will be returned.
735 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
736 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
737 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
739 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
744 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
748 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
750 if ($type && $c->container->has_sub_container($type)) {
751 my $container = $c->container->get_sub_container($type);
753 if( !ref $component && $container->has_service($name) ) {
754 return $container->get_component( $name, \@args );
757 return $container->get_component_regexp( $c, $name, \@args );
761 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback} && !ref $component;
763 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
764 my $query = ref $component ? $component : qr{$component}i;
766 for my $subcontainer_name (qw/model view controller/) {
767 my $subcontainer = $c->container->get_sub_container($subcontainer_name);
768 my @components = $subcontainer->get_service_list;
769 my @result = grep { m{$query} } @components;
772 return map { $subcontainer->get_component( $_, \@args ) } @result
775 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${component}" using regexp fallback)) );
776 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
777 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
779 return $subcontainer->get_component( $result[0], \@args );
783 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
787 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
790 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
794 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
796 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
798 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
799 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
800 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
802 =head3 Cascading configuration
804 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
805 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
806 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
807 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
808 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
809 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
811 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
812 component is constructed.
816 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
817 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
819 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
822 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
828 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
829 on the receiving component to access the config value.
831 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
835 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
841 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
842 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
844 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
845 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
846 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
847 the constructor and use those instead.
851 around config => sub {
855 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
856 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
863 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
864 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
865 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
866 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
868 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
873 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
875 Your log class should implement the methods described in
881 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
883 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
887 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
889 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
891 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
893 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
897 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
899 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
905 =head2 $c->dispatcher
907 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
911 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
914 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
916 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
918 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
919 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
920 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
921 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
925 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
930 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
931 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
932 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
933 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
936 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
938 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
939 loads and instantiates the given class.
941 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
943 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
945 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
946 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
947 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
952 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
954 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
955 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
957 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
959 eval { $plugin->import };
960 $class->mk_classdata($name);
962 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
965 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
966 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
970 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
976 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
977 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
978 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
982 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
987 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
988 croak('Running setup more than once')
989 if ( $class->setup_finished );
991 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
993 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
994 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
997 if ( $class->arguments ) {
998 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1004 foreach (@arguments) {
1008 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1010 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1011 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1014 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1018 $class->setup_config();
1019 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1021 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1022 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1023 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1024 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
1025 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1027 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1029 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1030 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1033 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1037 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1038 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1039 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1040 You are running an old script!
1042 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1043 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1045 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1046 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1051 if ( $class->debug ) {
1052 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1055 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1056 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1057 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1058 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1061 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1062 my $engine = $class->engine;
1063 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1065 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1066 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1070 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1071 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1072 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1075 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1076 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1078 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1079 local *setup = sub { };
1080 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1083 # Initialize our data structure
1084 $class->components( {} );
1086 $class->setup_components;
1088 if ( $class->debug ) {
1089 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1090 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1091 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1092 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1093 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1095 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1096 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1099 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1100 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1101 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1104 $class->setup_actions;
1106 if ( $class->debug ) {
1107 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1108 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1111 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1112 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1114 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1117 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1119 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1120 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1123 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1124 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1125 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1126 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1127 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1129 $meta->make_immutable(
1130 replace_constructor => 1,
1131 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1134 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1135 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1136 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1139 $class->setup_finalize;
1140 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1141 # setup_finalize can log..
1142 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1143 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1146 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1148 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1149 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1151 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1155 after setup_finalize => sub {
1163 sub setup_finalize {
1165 $class->setup_finished(1);
1168 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1170 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1172 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1173 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1174 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1175 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1176 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1178 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1179 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1180 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1182 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1183 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1184 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1185 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1186 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1188 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1189 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1190 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1191 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1192 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1193 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1196 The captures for the current request can be found in
1197 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1198 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1199 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1201 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1202 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1203 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1205 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1206 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1208 # Path to a static resource
1209 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1214 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1216 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1217 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1222 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1225 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1227 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1228 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1229 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1230 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1233 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1234 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1235 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1236 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1240 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1241 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1242 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1246 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1247 if (not defined $path) {
1248 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1252 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1255 unshift(@args, $path);
1257 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1258 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1259 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1260 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1262 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1265 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1266 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1267 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1269 my $base = $c->req->base;
1270 my $class = ref($base);
1271 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1275 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1276 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1277 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1278 my $val = $params->{$_};
1279 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1282 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1285 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1286 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1287 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1289 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1293 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1297 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1299 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1305 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1307 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1308 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1311 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1314 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1316 For example, if the action looks like:
1318 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1320 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1324 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1326 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1332 sub uri_for_action {
1333 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1334 my $action = blessed($path)
1336 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1337 unless (defined $action) {
1338 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1340 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1343 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1345 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1349 sub welcome_message {
1351 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1352 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1353 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1354 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1356 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1357 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1358 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1360 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1361 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1362 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1363 <style type="text/css">
1366 background-color: #eee;
1373 margin-bottom: 10px;
1375 background-color: #ccc;
1376 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1381 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1384 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1387 text-decoration: none;
1389 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1391 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1404 background-color: #fff;
1405 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1409 font-weight: normal;
1431 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1436 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1438 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1439 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1440 framework will make web development something you had
1441 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1442 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1443 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1444 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1445 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1446 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1447 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1449 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1451 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1452 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1454 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1455 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1456 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1457 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1458 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1459 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1460 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1461 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1462 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1463 you are likely to find what you need there.
1467 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1468 get in touch with us.</p>
1471 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1474 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1477 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1480 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1481 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1482 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1483 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1491 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1493 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1495 =head2 $c->components
1497 Returns a hash of components.
1501 around components => sub {
1506 return $class->$orig if ( !$comps );
1508 # FIXME: should this ugly kludge exist?
1509 $class->setup_config unless defined $class->container;
1511 # FIXME: should there be a warning here, not to use this accessor to create the components?
1512 my $components = {};
1515 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
1517 for my $component ( keys %$comps ) {
1518 $components->{ $component } = $comps->{$component};
1520 my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component);
1522 # FIXME: shouldn't the service name be $name?
1523 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
1526 return $class->$orig($components);
1529 =head2 $c->context_class
1531 Returns or sets the context class.
1535 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1536 deep recursion detection).
1540 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1544 Dispatches a request to actions.
1548 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1550 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1552 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1554 =head2 $c->dump_these
1556 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1557 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1563 [ Request => $c->req ],
1564 [ Response => $c->res ],
1565 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1566 [ Config => $c->config ];
1569 =head2 $c->engine_class
1571 Returns or sets the engine class.
1573 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1575 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1581 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1582 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1585 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1586 my $action = $code->reverse();
1587 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1588 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1589 $c->log->error($error);
1595 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1597 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1599 no warnings 'recursion';
1600 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1601 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1602 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1604 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1606 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1608 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1609 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1610 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1612 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1613 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1616 unless ( ref $error ) {
1617 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1619 my $class = $last->class;
1620 my $name = $last->name;
1621 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1630 sub _stats_start_execute {
1631 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1632 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1633 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1634 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1636 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1637 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1639 my $action = $action_name;
1640 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1642 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1643 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1644 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1646 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1648 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1649 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1651 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1652 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1653 $action = "-> $action";
1658 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1660 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1661 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1662 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1664 # forward, locate the caller
1665 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1668 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1674 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1693 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1694 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1695 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1700 Finalizes the request.
1707 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1708 $c->log->error($error);
1711 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1712 my $engine = $c->engine;
1713 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1718 $c->finalize_uploads;
1721 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1725 $c->finalize_headers;
1728 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1729 $c->response->body('');
1737 if ($c->use_stats) {
1738 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1739 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1741 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1744 return $c->response->status;
1747 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1753 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1755 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1761 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1763 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1769 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1771 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1777 sub finalize_headers {
1780 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1782 # Check if we already finalized headers
1783 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1786 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1787 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1788 $response->header( Location => $location );
1790 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1791 # Add a default body if none is already present
1793 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1799 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1801 # get the length from a filehandle
1802 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1804 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1805 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1806 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1809 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1813 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1814 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1819 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1820 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1821 $response->body('');
1824 $c->finalize_cookies;
1826 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1829 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1832 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1834 An alias for finalize_body.
1836 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1838 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1842 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1844 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1846 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1850 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1852 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1854 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1858 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1860 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1862 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1867 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1869 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1871 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1875 sub handle_request {
1876 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1878 # Always expect worst case!
1881 if ($class->debug) {
1882 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1883 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1884 my $time = localtime time;
1885 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1888 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1890 $status = $c->finalize;
1893 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1895 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1900 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1901 $class->log->$coderef();
1906 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1908 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1914 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1917 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1918 # into the application.
1919 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1921 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1923 # For on-demand data
1924 $c->request->_context($c);
1925 $c->response->_context($c);
1927 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1928 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1929 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1930 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1933 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1934 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1935 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1936 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1939 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1940 $c->prepare_connection;
1941 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1942 $c->prepare_headers;
1943 $c->prepare_cookies;
1946 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1947 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1950 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1951 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1956 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1957 my $path = $c->req->path;
1958 $path = '/' unless length $path;
1959 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1968 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1970 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1974 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1976 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1978 Prepares message body.
1985 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1987 # Initialize on-demand data
1988 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1989 $c->prepare_parameters;
1990 $c->prepare_uploads;
1993 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1995 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1997 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2001 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2003 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2006 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2008 Prepares body parameters.
2012 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2014 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2017 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2019 Prepares connection.
2023 sub prepare_connection {
2025 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2028 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2034 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2036 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2042 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2044 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2046 Prepares parameters.
2050 sub prepare_parameters {
2052 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2053 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2056 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2058 Prepares path and base.
2062 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2064 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2066 Prepares query parameters.
2070 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2073 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2076 =head2 $c->log_request
2078 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2082 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2084 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2086 =item * Request parameters
2088 =item * File uploads
2097 return unless $c->debug;
2099 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2100 my $request = $dump->[1];
2102 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2104 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2106 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2108 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2110 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2111 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2114 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2116 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2119 =head2 $c->log_response
2121 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2122 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2129 return unless $c->debug;
2131 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2132 my $response = $dump->[1];
2134 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2135 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2138 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2140 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2144 =item * Response status code
2146 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2148 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2154 sub log_response_status_line {
2155 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2159 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2160 $response->status || 'unknown',
2161 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2162 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2167 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2169 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2170 No-op in the default implementation.
2174 sub log_response_headers {}
2176 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2178 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2182 sub log_request_parameters {
2184 my %all_params = @_;
2186 return unless $c->debug;
2188 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2189 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2190 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2191 next if ! keys %$params;
2192 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2193 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2194 my $param = $params->{$key};
2195 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2196 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2198 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2202 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2204 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2205 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2210 sub log_request_uploads {
2212 my $request = shift;
2213 return unless $c->debug;
2214 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2215 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2216 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2217 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2222 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2223 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2224 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2225 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2228 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2232 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2234 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2235 No-op in the default implementation.
2239 sub log_request_headers {}
2241 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2243 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2250 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2252 return unless $c->debug;
2254 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2255 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2258 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2259 $t->row( $name, $value );
2262 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2266 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2268 Prepares the input for reading.
2272 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2274 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2276 Prepares the engine request.
2280 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2282 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2288 sub prepare_uploads {
2291 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2294 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2296 Prepares the output for writing.
2300 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2302 =head2 $c->request_class
2304 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2306 =head2 $c->response_class
2308 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2310 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2312 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2313 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2314 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2316 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2319 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2320 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2321 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2325 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2333 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2335 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2337 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2341 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2343 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2345 Sets up actions for a component.
2349 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2351 =head2 $c->setup_config
2358 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2360 my @container_classes = ( "${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::IOC::Container');
2361 unshift @container_classes, delete $args{container_class} if exists $args{container_class};
2363 my $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class(@container_classes);
2365 my $container = $container_class->new( %args,
2367 disable_regex_fallback =>
2368 $class->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback},
2370 $class->container($container);
2372 my $config = $container->resolve(service => 'config');
2373 $class->config($config);
2374 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2377 =head2 $c->finalize_config
2381 sub finalize_config { }
2383 =head2 $c->setup_components
2385 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2387 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2388 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2389 each component into the application.
2391 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2393 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2398 sub setup_components {
2401 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2403 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2404 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2406 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2407 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2408 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2409 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2411 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2413 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2414 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2415 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2417 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2421 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
2423 for my $component (@comps) {
2424 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2425 if ( my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component) ) {
2426 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $instance } ));
2428 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2429 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2430 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2431 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2432 next if $comps{$component};
2434 $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @expanded_components;
2435 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2436 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2437 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2439 if (my ($type, $name) = _get_component_type_name($component)) {
2440 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Catalyst::IOC::BlockInjection->new( name => $name, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
2443 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2448 sub _get_component_type_name {
2449 my $component = shift;
2450 my @parts = split /::/, $component;
2452 while (my $type = shift @parts) {
2453 return ('controller', join '::', @parts)
2454 if $type =~ /^(c|controller)$/i;
2456 return ('model', join '::', @parts)
2457 if $type =~ /^(m|model)$/i;
2459 return ('view', join '::', @parts)
2460 if $type =~ /^(v|view)$/i;
2464 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2466 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2467 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2469 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2470 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2471 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2472 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2476 sub locate_components {
2480 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2481 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2483 push @paths, @$extra;
2485 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2486 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2490 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2491 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2496 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2498 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2499 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2503 sub expand_component_module {
2504 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2505 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2508 =head2 $c->setup_component
2512 sub setup_component {
2513 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2515 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2519 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2520 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2521 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2522 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2523 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2524 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2526 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2528 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2530 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2531 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2534 elsif (!blessed $instance) {
2535 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2536 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2537 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2538 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2539 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2541 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2548 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2554 sub setup_dispatcher {
2555 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2558 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2561 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2562 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2565 unless ($dispatcher) {
2566 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2569 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2571 # dispatcher instance
2572 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2575 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2582 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2585 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2588 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2589 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2592 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2593 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2595 # create the apache method
2596 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2598 my ( $software, $version ) =
2599 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2602 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2604 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2608 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2609 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2612 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2613 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2616 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2617 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2621 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2622 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2627 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2628 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2629 *handler = sub : method {
2630 shift->handle_request(@_);
2634 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2639 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2640 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2644 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2645 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2650 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2653 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2655 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2657 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2658 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2663 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2664 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2669 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2670 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2675 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2676 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2682 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2683 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2688 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2691 =head2 $c->setup_home
2693 Sets up the home directory.
2698 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2700 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2704 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2707 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2708 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2709 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2713 =head2 $c->setup_log
2715 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2716 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2719 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2720 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2721 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2723 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2724 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2725 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2730 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2733 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2734 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2735 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2737 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2738 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2739 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2740 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2743 unless ( $class->log ) {
2744 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2747 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2748 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2749 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2753 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2759 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2761 Sets up timing statistics class.
2766 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2768 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2770 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2771 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2772 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2773 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2778 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2780 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2781 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2783 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2784 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2785 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2787 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2795 sub registered_plugins {
2797 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2799 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2800 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2803 sub _register_plugin {
2804 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2805 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2807 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2808 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2809 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2810 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2812 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2813 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2819 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2821 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2822 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2825 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2826 $class . '::Plugin',
2827 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2833 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2834 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2835 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2836 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2838 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2842 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2843 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2844 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2847 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2855 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2856 currently executing).
2860 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2861 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2862 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2864 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2865 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2866 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2869 =head2 $c->stats_class
2871 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2873 =head2 $c->use_stats
2875 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2877 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2878 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2885 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2887 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2888 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2889 your output data, if known.
2896 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2897 $c->finalize_headers;
2899 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2904 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2905 messages in template systems.
2909 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2911 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2913 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2919 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2923 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2927 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2928 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2929 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2930 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2931 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2935 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2936 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2937 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2941 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2945 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2950 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2951 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2952 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2956 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2957 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2958 templates to a different directory.
2962 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
2963 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
2964 C<< $c->components >>).
2968 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2969 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2973 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2974 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
2975 for more information.
2979 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2983 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2985 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2986 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2987 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2989 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2991 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2993 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2994 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2995 parsing with a config parameter.
2997 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2999 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3001 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3002 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3003 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3004 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3005 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3006 virtual host that the user connected through.
3008 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3009 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3010 changes are made to the request.
3012 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3013 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3015 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3016 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3018 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3019 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3020 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3021 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3022 be created properly.
3024 In the case of passing in:
3026 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3028 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3030 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3032 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3033 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3034 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3037 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3039 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3041 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3043 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3045 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3046 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3047 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3049 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3050 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3051 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3057 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3061 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3062 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3066 http://catalyst.perl.org
3070 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3074 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3076 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3078 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3080 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3082 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3084 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3086 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3088 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3090 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3092 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3098 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3100 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3104 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3110 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3112 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3114 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3116 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3118 chansen: Christian Hansen
3120 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3122 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3124 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3126 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3128 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3132 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3134 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3138 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3140 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3142 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3144 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3146 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3150 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3154 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3156 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3158 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3160 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3162 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3164 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3170 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3172 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3174 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3176 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3178 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3180 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3182 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3186 naughton: David Naughton
3188 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3190 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3192 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3198 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3200 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3202 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3204 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3206 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3208 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3210 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3214 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3216 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3220 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3222 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3224 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3226 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3228 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3230 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3232 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3236 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3240 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3241 the same terms as Perl itself.
3247 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;