4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use namespace::clean -except => 'meta';
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
32 use String::RewritePrefix;
33 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
35 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
38 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
39 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
40 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
41 use Plack::Middleware::IIS7KeepAliveFix;
42 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
46 BEGIN { require 5.008003; }
48 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
49 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
50 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
51 has stats => (is => 'rw');
52 has action => (is => 'rw');
53 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
58 $self->request_class->new($self->_build_request_constructor_args);
62 sub _build_request_constructor_args {
64 my %p = ( _log => $self->log );
65 $p{_uploadtmp} = $self->_uploadtmp if $self->_has_uploadtmp;
73 $self->response_class->new($self->_build_response_constructor_args);
77 sub _build_response_constructor_args {
79 { _log => $self->log };
82 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
84 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
85 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
88 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
91 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
94 # For backwards compatibility
95 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
100 our $RECURSION = 1000;
101 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
102 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
104 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
105 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
106 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
107 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
108 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
109 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file run_options/;
111 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
112 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
113 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
114 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
116 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
118 our $VERSION = '5.90042';
121 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
123 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
125 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
127 my $caller = caller();
128 return if $caller eq 'main';
130 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
131 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
132 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
133 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
135 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
136 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
138 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
139 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
140 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
143 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
147 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
151 sub _application { $_[0] }
157 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
161 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
162 documentation and tutorials.
164 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
165 # use the helper to create a new application
168 # add models, views, controllers
169 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
170 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
171 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
173 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
174 # --help to see all available options
175 script/myapp_server.pl
177 # command line testing interface
178 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
181 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
183 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
184 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
185 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
186 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
187 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
189 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
190 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
191 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
192 # do something else after forward returns
196 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
197 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
201 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
202 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
204 # called after all actions are finished
206 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
207 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
208 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
209 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
212 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
216 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
217 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
218 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
219 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
221 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
223 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
224 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
225 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
228 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
230 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
231 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
235 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
238 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
239 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
241 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
243 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
244 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
246 The following flags are supported:
250 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
251 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
252 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
255 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
256 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
260 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
262 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
264 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
265 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
266 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
267 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
268 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
270 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
271 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
272 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL,
273 dist.ini, or cpanfile. If the application has been installed into the system
274 (i.e. you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
275 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
276 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
280 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
282 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
286 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
288 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
290 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
291 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
292 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
294 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
298 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
302 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
303 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
307 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
308 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
310 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
311 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
317 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
318 information about the current client request (including parameters,
319 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
321 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
323 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
325 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
327 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
328 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
329 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
330 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
331 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
333 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
336 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
337 $c->forward('index');
338 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
339 $c->forward('View::TT');
341 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
342 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
343 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
344 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
345 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
349 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
351 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
354 $c->forward('foo') || return;
356 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
357 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
358 Thus, something like:
362 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
363 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
364 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
367 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
369 and access it from the stash.
371 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
375 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
377 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
379 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
383 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
384 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
386 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
390 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
392 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@arguments ] )
394 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
396 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
398 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
400 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
401 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
402 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
403 you go to are called, just like a new request.
405 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
406 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
407 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
408 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
409 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
410 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
411 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
412 invoked from the called action.
414 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
416 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
417 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
418 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
419 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
420 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
424 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
426 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
428 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
430 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
432 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
434 The relationship between C<go> and
435 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
436 the relationship between
437 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
438 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
439 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
440 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
441 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
442 does not return to its caller.
444 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
445 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
450 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
456 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
460 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
461 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
462 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
463 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
464 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
465 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
468 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
469 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
470 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
472 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
473 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
477 around stash => sub {
480 my $stash = $orig->($c);
482 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
483 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
484 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
485 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
495 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
497 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
499 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
500 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
501 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
503 my @error = @{ $c->error };
507 $c->error('Something bad happened');
514 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
515 croak @$error unless ref $c;
516 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
518 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
519 return $c->{error} || [];
525 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
526 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
527 values it returns are scalar.
529 =head2 $c->clear_errors
531 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
532 implementing a custom error screen.
534 This is equivalent to running
545 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
547 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
550 # search components given a name and some prefixes
551 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
552 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
553 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
554 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
555 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
557 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
558 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
559 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
561 # undef for a name will return all
562 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
564 my $query = $name->$_isa('Regexp') ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
565 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
567 return @result if @result;
569 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
570 return if $name->$_isa('Regexp');
572 # skip regexp fallback if configured
574 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
578 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
580 # no results? try against full names
582 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
585 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
587 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
588 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
589 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
590 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
591 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
592 my $short = $result[0];
593 # remove the component namespace prefix
594 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
595 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
596 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
597 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
599 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
600 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
601 "component's config";
603 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
604 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
605 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
607 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
613 # Find possible names for a prefix
615 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
616 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
618 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
620 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
621 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
626 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
627 sub _filter_component {
628 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
630 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
631 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
637 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
639 =head2 $c->controller($name)
641 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
643 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
645 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
648 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
650 # find all controllers that start with Foo
651 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
657 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
659 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
661 unless ( $name->$_isa('Regexp') ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
662 my $comps = $c->components;
663 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
664 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
666 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
667 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
668 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
671 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
674 =head2 $c->model($name)
676 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
678 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
680 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
682 If the name is omitted, it will look for
683 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
684 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
685 - a config setting 'default_model', or
686 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
688 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
690 # find all models that start with Foo
691 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
696 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
697 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
699 unless ( $name->$_isa('Regexp') ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
700 my $comps = $c->components;
701 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
702 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
704 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
705 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
706 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
710 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
711 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
712 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
713 if $c->stash->{current_model};
715 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
716 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
718 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
721 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
722 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
723 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
724 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
725 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
728 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
732 =head2 $c->view($name)
734 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
736 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
738 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
740 If the name is omitted, it will look for
741 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
742 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
743 - a config setting 'default_view', or
744 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
746 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
748 # find all views that start with Foo
749 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
754 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
756 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
758 unless ( $name->$_isa('Regexp') ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
759 my $comps = $c->components;
760 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
761 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
762 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
765 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
768 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
769 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
770 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
774 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
775 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
776 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
777 if $c->stash->{current_view};
779 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
780 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
782 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
785 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
786 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
787 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
788 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
789 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
792 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
795 =head2 $c->controllers
797 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
803 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
808 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
814 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
820 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
826 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
829 =head2 $c->comp($name)
831 =head2 $c->component($name)
833 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
834 unless you want to get a specific component by full
835 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
836 should be used instead.
838 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
839 component name will be returned.
841 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
842 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
843 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
845 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
850 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
853 my $comps = $c->components;
856 # is it the exact name?
857 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
858 if exists $comps->{ $name };
860 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
861 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
862 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
863 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
865 # search all of the models, views and controllers
866 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
867 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
871 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
873 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
874 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
876 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
877 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
880 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
881 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
882 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
883 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
886 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
890 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
893 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
897 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
899 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
901 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
902 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
903 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
905 =head3 Cascading configuration
907 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
908 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
909 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
910 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
911 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
912 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
914 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
915 component is constructed.
919 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
920 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
922 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
925 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
931 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
932 on the receiving component to access the config value.
934 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
938 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
944 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
945 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
947 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
948 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
949 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
950 the constructor and use those instead.
954 around config => sub {
958 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
959 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
966 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
967 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
968 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
969 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
971 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
976 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
978 Your log class should implement the methods described in
984 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
986 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
990 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
992 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
994 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
996 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
1000 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
1002 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
1008 =head2 $c->dispatcher
1010 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1014 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1017 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
1019 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
1021 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
1022 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
1023 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
1024 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
1028 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
1033 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
1034 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
1035 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
1036 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
1040 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1042 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1043 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/);
1045 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1047 eval { $plugin->import };
1048 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1050 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1053 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1054 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1057 $class->$name($obj);
1058 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1064 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1065 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1066 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1070 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1072 B<Note:> You B<should not> wrap this method with method modifiers
1073 or bad things will happen - wrap the C<setup_finalize> method instead.
1078 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1079 croak('Running setup more than once')
1080 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1082 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1084 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1085 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1088 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1089 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1095 foreach (@arguments) {
1099 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1101 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1102 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1105 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1109 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1111 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1112 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1113 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1114 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1115 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1117 $class->setup_engine();
1118 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1120 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1122 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1123 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1126 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1130 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1131 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1132 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1133 You are running an old script!
1135 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1136 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1138 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1139 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1144 if ( $class->debug ) {
1145 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1148 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1149 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1150 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1151 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1154 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1155 my $engine = $class->engine;
1156 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1158 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1159 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1163 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1164 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1165 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1168 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1169 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1171 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1172 local *setup = sub { };
1173 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1176 # Initialize our data structure
1177 $class->components( {} );
1179 $class->setup_components;
1181 if ( $class->debug ) {
1182 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1183 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1184 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1185 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1186 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1188 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1189 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1192 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1193 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1194 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1197 $class->setup_actions;
1199 if ( $class->debug ) {
1200 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1201 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1204 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1205 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1206 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1209 $class->setup_finalize;
1210 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1211 # setup_finalize can log..
1212 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1213 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1216 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1218 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1219 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1221 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1225 after setup_finalize => sub {
1233 sub setup_finalize {
1235 $class->setup_finished(1);
1238 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1240 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1242 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1243 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1244 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1245 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1246 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1248 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1249 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1250 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1252 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1253 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1254 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1255 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1256 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1258 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1259 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1260 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1261 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1262 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1263 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1266 The captures for the current request can be found in
1267 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1268 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1269 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1271 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1272 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1273 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1275 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1276 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1278 # Path to a static resource
1279 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1284 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1286 if ( $path->$_isa('Catalyst::Controller') ) {
1287 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1292 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1295 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1297 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1298 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1299 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1300 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1303 if ( $path->$_isa('Catalyst::Action') ) { # action object
1304 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1305 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1306 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1310 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1311 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1312 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1316 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1317 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1318 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1320 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1321 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1324 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1325 if (not defined $path) {
1326 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1330 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1333 unshift(@args, $path);
1335 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1336 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1337 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1338 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1340 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1343 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1344 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1345 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1348 my ($base, $class) = ('/', 'URI::_generic');
1350 $base = $c->req->base;
1351 $class = ref($base);
1352 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1357 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1358 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1359 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1360 my $val = $params->{$_};
1361 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1364 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1367 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1368 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1369 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1371 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1375 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1379 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1381 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1387 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1389 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1390 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1393 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1396 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1398 For example, if the action looks like:
1400 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1402 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1406 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1408 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1410 =item \@captures_and_args?
1412 Optional array reference of Captures (i.e. C<<CaptureArgs or $c->req->captures>)
1413 and arguments to the request. Usually used with L<Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained>
1414 to interpolate all the parameters in the URI.
1418 Optional list of extra arguments - can be supplied in the
1419 C<< \@captures_and_args? >> array ref, or here - whichever is easier for your
1422 Your action can have zero, a fixed or a variable number of args (e.g.
1423 C<< Args(1) >> for a fixed number or C<< Args() >> for a variable number)..
1425 =item \%query_values?
1427 Optional array reference of query parameters to append. E.g.
1433 /rest/of/your/uri?foo=bar
1439 sub uri_for_action {
1440 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1441 my $action = blessed($path)
1443 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1444 unless (defined $action) {
1445 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1447 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1450 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1452 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1456 sub welcome_message {
1458 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1459 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1460 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1461 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1463 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1464 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1465 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1467 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1468 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1469 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1470 <style type="text/css">
1473 background-color: #eee;
1480 margin-bottom: 10px;
1482 background-color: #ccc;
1483 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1488 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1491 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1494 text-decoration: none;
1496 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1498 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1511 background-color: #fff;
1512 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1516 font-weight: normal;
1538 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1543 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1545 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1546 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1547 framework will make web development something you had
1548 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1549 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1550 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1551 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1552 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1553 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1554 <pre>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1556 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1558 <code>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Intro">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1559 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1561 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1562 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1563 helper scripts to generate <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AController">controllers</a>,
1564 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AModel">models</a>, and
1565 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AView">views</a>;
1566 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1567 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1568 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1569 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1570 you are likely to find what you need there.
1574 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1575 get in touch with us.</p>
1578 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1581 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1584 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1587 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1588 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1589 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1590 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1600 Contains a hash of options passed from the application script, including
1601 the original ARGV the script received, the processed values from that
1602 ARGV and any extra arguments to the script which were not processed.
1604 This can be used to add custom options to your application's scripts
1605 and setup your application differently depending on the values of these
1608 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1610 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1612 =head2 $c->components
1614 Returns a hash of components.
1616 =head2 $c->context_class
1618 Returns or sets the context class.
1622 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1623 deep recursion detection).
1627 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1631 Dispatches a request to actions.
1635 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1637 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1639 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1641 =head2 $c->dump_these
1643 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1644 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1650 [ Request => $c->req ],
1651 [ Response => $c->res ],
1652 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1653 [ Config => $c->config ];
1656 =head2 $c->engine_class
1658 Returns or sets the engine class.
1660 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1662 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1668 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1669 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1672 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1673 my $action = $code->reverse();
1674 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1675 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1676 $c->log->error($error);
1682 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1684 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1686 no warnings 'recursion';
1687 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1688 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1689 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1691 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1693 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1695 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1696 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1697 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1699 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1700 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1703 unless ( ref $error ) {
1704 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1706 my $class = $last->class;
1707 my $name = $last->name;
1708 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1717 sub _stats_start_execute {
1718 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1719 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1720 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1721 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1723 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1724 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1726 my $action = $action_name;
1727 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1729 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1730 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1731 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1733 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1735 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1736 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1738 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1739 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1740 $action = "-> $action";
1745 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1747 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1748 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1749 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1751 # forward, locate the caller
1752 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1755 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1761 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1780 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1781 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1782 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1787 Finalizes the request.
1794 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1795 $c->log->error($error);
1798 # Support skipping finalize for psgix.io style 'jailbreak'. Used to support
1799 # stuff like cometd and websockets
1801 if($c->request->has_io_fh) {
1806 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1807 my $engine = $c->engine;
1808 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1813 $c->finalize_uploads;
1816 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1820 $c->finalize_headers unless $c->response->finalized_headers;
1823 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1824 $c->response->body('');
1832 if ($c->use_stats) {
1833 my $elapsed = $c->stats->elapsed;
1834 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1836 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1839 return $c->response->status;
1842 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1848 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1850 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1856 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1858 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1864 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1866 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1872 sub finalize_headers {
1875 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1877 # Check if we already finalized headers
1878 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1881 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1882 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1883 $response->header( Location => $location );
1885 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1886 # Add a default body if none is already present
1887 my $encoded_location = encode_entities($location);
1888 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1889 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1890 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1892 <title>Moved</title>
1895 <p>This item has moved <a href="$encoded_location">here</a>.</p>
1899 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1904 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1906 # get the length from a filehandle
1907 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1909 my $size = -s $response->body;
1911 $response->content_length( $size );
1914 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1918 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1919 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1924 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1925 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1926 $response->body('');
1929 $c->finalize_cookies;
1931 $c->response->finalize_headers();
1934 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1937 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1939 An alias for finalize_body.
1941 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1943 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1947 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1949 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1951 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1955 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1957 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1959 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1963 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1965 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1967 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1972 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1974 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1976 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1980 sub handle_request {
1981 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1983 # Always expect worst case!
1986 if ($class->debug) {
1987 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1988 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1989 my $time = localtime time;
1990 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1993 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1995 $status = $c->finalize;
1998 chomp(my $error = $_);
1999 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
2004 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
2005 $class->log->$coderef();
2010 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
2012 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
2019 predicate => '_has_uploadtmp',
2023 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
2026 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
2027 # into the application.
2028 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
2030 my $uploadtmp = $class->config->{uploadtmp};
2031 my $c = $class->context_class->new({ $uploadtmp ? (_uploadtmp => $uploadtmp) : ()});
2033 $c->response->_context($c);
2035 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
2036 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
2037 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
2038 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
2042 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
2043 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
2044 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
2047 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
2048 $c->prepare_connection;
2049 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
2050 $c->prepare_headers; # Just hooks, no longer needed - they just
2051 $c->prepare_cookies; # cause the lazy attribute on req to build
2054 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
2055 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
2058 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
2059 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2065 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
2067 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2068 $c->response->status(400);
2069 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2070 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2071 # Note we call finalize and then die here, which escapes
2072 # finalize being called in the enclosing block..
2073 # It in fact couldn't be called, as we don't return $c..
2074 # This is a mess - but I'm unsure you can fix this without
2075 # breaking compat for people doing crazy things (we should set
2076 # the 400 and just return the ctx here IMO, letting finalize get called
2087 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2089 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2093 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2095 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2097 Prepares message body.
2104 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2106 # Initialize on-demand data
2107 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2108 $c->prepare_parameters;
2109 $c->prepare_uploads;
2112 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2114 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2116 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2120 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2122 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2125 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2127 Prepares body parameters.
2131 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2133 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2136 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2138 Prepares connection.
2142 sub prepare_connection {
2144 # XXX - This is called on the engine (not the request) to maintain
2145 # Engine::PSGI back compat.
2146 $c->engine->prepare_connection($c);
2149 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2151 Prepares cookies by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2152 object has been built.
2156 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->request->cookies }
2158 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2160 Prepares request headers by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2161 object has been built.
2165 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->request->headers }
2167 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2169 Prepares parameters.
2173 sub prepare_parameters {
2175 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2176 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2179 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2181 Prepares path and base.
2185 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2187 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2189 Prepares query parameters.
2193 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2196 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2199 =head2 $c->log_request
2201 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2205 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2207 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2209 =item * Request parameters
2211 =item * File uploads
2220 return unless $c->debug;
2222 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2223 my $request = $dump->[1];
2225 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2227 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2229 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2231 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2233 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2234 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2237 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2239 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2242 =head2 $c->log_response
2244 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2245 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2252 return unless $c->debug;
2254 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2255 my $response = $dump->[1];
2257 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2258 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2261 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2263 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2267 =item * Response status code
2269 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2271 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2277 sub log_response_status_line {
2278 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2282 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2283 $response->status || 'unknown',
2284 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2285 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2290 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2292 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2293 No-op in the default implementation.
2297 sub log_response_headers {}
2299 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2301 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2305 sub log_request_parameters {
2307 my %all_params = @_;
2309 return unless $c->debug;
2311 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2312 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2313 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2314 next if ! keys %$params;
2315 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2316 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2317 my $param = $params->{$key};
2318 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2319 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2321 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2325 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2327 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2328 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2333 sub log_request_uploads {
2335 my $request = shift;
2336 return unless $c->debug;
2337 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2338 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2339 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2340 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2345 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2346 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2347 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2348 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2351 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2355 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2357 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2358 No-op in the default implementation.
2362 sub log_request_headers {}
2364 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2366 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2373 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2375 return unless $c->debug;
2377 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2378 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2381 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2382 $t->row( $name, $value );
2385 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2389 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2391 Prepares the input for reading.
2395 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2397 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2399 Prepares the engine request.
2403 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2405 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2411 sub prepare_uploads {
2414 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2417 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2419 Prepares the output for writing.
2423 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2425 =head2 $c->request_class
2427 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2429 =head2 $c->response_class
2431 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2433 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2435 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2436 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2437 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2439 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2442 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2443 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2444 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2448 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->request->read( @_ ) }
2458 $app->_make_immutable_if_needed;
2459 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2460 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2461 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2464 sub _make_immutable_if_needed {
2466 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2467 my $isa_ca = $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $class->isa('Class::Accessor');
2470 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
2473 warn("You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
2474 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
2475 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
2476 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
2477 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n");
2479 unless ($meta->is_immutable) {
2480 # XXX - FIXME warning here as you should make your app immutable yourself.
2481 $meta->make_immutable(
2482 replace_constructor => 1,
2487 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2489 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2493 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2495 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2497 Sets up actions for a component.
2501 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2503 =head2 $c->setup_components
2505 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2507 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2508 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2509 each component into the application.
2511 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2513 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2518 sub setup_components {
2521 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2523 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2524 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2526 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2527 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2528 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2529 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2531 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2533 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2534 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2535 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2537 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2540 for my $component (@comps) {
2541 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2542 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2543 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2544 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2545 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2546 next if $comps{$component};
2547 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2552 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2554 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2555 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2557 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2558 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2559 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2560 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2564 sub locate_components {
2568 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2569 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2571 push @paths, @$extra;
2573 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2574 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2578 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2579 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2584 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2586 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2587 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2591 sub expand_component_module {
2592 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2593 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2596 =head2 $c->setup_component
2600 sub setup_component {
2601 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2603 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2607 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2608 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2609 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2610 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2611 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2612 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2614 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2616 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2618 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2619 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2623 unless (blessed $instance) {
2624 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2625 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2626 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2627 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2628 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2630 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2636 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2642 sub setup_dispatcher {
2643 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2646 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2649 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2650 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2653 unless ($dispatcher) {
2654 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2657 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2659 # dispatcher instance
2660 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2663 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2670 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2672 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2673 $class->engine_loader(
2674 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2675 application_name => $class,
2676 (defined $requested_engine
2677 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2682 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2686 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2689 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2691 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2692 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2693 application_name => $class,
2694 (defined $requested_engine
2695 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2698 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2701 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2704 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2705 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2707 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2709 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2710 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2712 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2713 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2714 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2715 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2717 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2719 my $psgi_app = $class->_finalized_psgi_app;
2720 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2723 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2726 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2731 ## This exists just to supply a prebuild psgi app for mod_perl and for the
2732 ## build in server support (back compat support for pre psgi port behavior).
2733 ## This is so that we don't build a new psgi app for each request when using
2734 ## the mod_perl handler or the built in servers (http and fcgi, etc).
2736 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2739 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2740 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2741 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2744 return $app->_psgi_app;
2747 ## Look for a psgi file like 'myapp_web.psgi' (if the app is MyApp::Web) in the
2748 ## home directory and load that and return it (just assume it is doing the
2749 ## right thing :) ). If that does not exist, call $app->psgi_app, wrap that
2750 ## in default_middleware and return it ( this is for backward compatibility
2751 ## with pre psgi port behavior ).
2753 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2756 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2757 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2758 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2761 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2763 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2764 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2765 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2766 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2767 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2769 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2770 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2771 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2774 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2777 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2779 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2780 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2784 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2787 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2789 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2790 useful and commonly needed:
2792 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2793 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2794 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2795 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2796 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2798 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2799 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2805 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2806 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2808 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2810 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2813 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2814 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2815 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2819 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2820 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2821 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2823 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($_[0]) },
2826 return unless $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} && $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} =~ m!lighttpd[-/]1\.(\d+\.\d+)!;
2827 return unless $1 < 4.23;
2832 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2833 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2835 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2837 # And another IIS issue, this time with IIS7.
2838 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2840 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::IIS7KeepAliveFix->wrap($_[0]) },
2843 return $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} && $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} =~ m!IIS/7\.[0-9]!;
2852 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2853 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2854 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2856 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2857 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2863 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2866 =head2 $c->setup_home
2868 Sets up the home directory.
2873 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2875 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2879 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2882 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2883 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2884 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2888 =head2 $c->setup_log
2890 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2891 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2894 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2895 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2896 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2898 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2899 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2900 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2905 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2908 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2909 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2910 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2912 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2913 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2914 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2915 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2918 unless ( $class->log ) {
2919 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2922 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2923 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2924 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2928 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2934 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2936 Sets up timing statistics class.
2941 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2943 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2945 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2946 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2947 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2948 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2953 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2955 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2958 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2959 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2960 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2962 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2970 sub registered_plugins {
2972 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2974 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2975 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2978 sub _register_plugin {
2979 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2980 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2982 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2983 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2984 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2985 my $plugin_meta = Moose::Meta::Class->create($plugin);
2986 if (!$plugin_meta->has_method('new')
2987 && ( $plugin->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $plugin->isa('Class::Accessor') ) ) {
2988 $plugin_meta->add_method('new', Moose::Object->meta->get_method('new'))
2990 if (!$instant && !$proto->_plugins->{$plugin}) {
2991 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2992 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2994 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2998 sub _default_plugins { return qw(Unicode::Encoding) }
3001 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
3003 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
3005 m/Unicode::Encoding/ ? do {
3007 'Unicode::Encoding plugin is auto-applied,'
3008 . ' please remove this from your appclass'
3009 . ' and make sure to define "encoding" config'
3011 unless (exists $class->config->{'encoding'}) {
3012 $class->config->{'encoding'} = 'UTF-8';
3017 push @$plugins, $class->_default_plugins;
3018 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
3021 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
3022 $class . '::Plugin',
3023 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
3029 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
3030 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
3031 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
3032 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
3034 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
3038 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
3039 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
3040 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
3043 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
3049 has '_registered_middlewares' => (
3050 traits => ['Array'],
3052 isa => 'ArrayRef[Object|CodeRef]',
3053 default => sub { [] },
3055 registered_middlewares => 'elements',
3056 _register_middleware => 'push',
3060 =head2 setup_middleware
3062 Read configuration information stored in configuration key 'psgi_middleware'
3063 and invoke L</register_middleware> for each middleware prototype found. See
3064 under L</CONFIGURATION> information regarding L</psgi_middleware> and how to
3065 use it to enable L<Plack::Middleware>
3067 This method is automatically called during 'setup' of your application, so
3068 you really don't need to invoke it.
3070 When we read middleware definitions from configuration, we reverse the list
3071 which sounds odd but is likely how you expect it to work if you have prior
3072 experience with L<Plack::Builder> or if you previously used the plugin
3073 L<Catalyst::Plugin::EnableMiddleware> (which is now considered deprecated)
3075 =head2 register_middleware (@args)
3077 Given @args that represent the definition of some L<Plack::Middleware> or
3078 middleware with a compatible interface, register it with your L<Catalyst>
3081 This is called by L</setup_middleware>. the behavior of invoking it yourself
3082 at run time is currently undefined, and anything that works or doesn't work
3083 as a result of doing so is considered a side effect subject to change.
3085 =head2 _register_middleware (@args)
3087 Internal details of how registered middleware is stored by the application.
3089 =head2 _build_middleware_from_args (@args)
3091 Internal application that converts a single middleware definition (see
3092 L</psgi_middleware>) into an actual instance of middleware.
3094 =head2 registered_middlewares
3096 Read only accessor that returns an array of all the middleware in the order
3097 that they were added (which is the REVERSE of the order they will be applied).
3099 The values returned will be either instances of L<Plack::Middleware> or of a
3100 compatible interface, or a coderef, which is assumed to be inlined middleware
3102 =head2 apply_registered_middleware ($psgi)
3104 Given a $psgi reference, wrap all the L<registered_middlewares> around it and
3105 return the wrapped version.
3109 sub setup_middleware {
3111 my @middleware_definitions = reverse
3112 @{$self->config->{'psgi_middleware'}||[]};
3114 while(my $next = shift(@middleware_definitions)) {
3116 if(Scalar::Util::blessed $next && $next->can('wrap')) {
3117 $self->register_middleware($next);
3118 } elsif(ref $next eq 'CODE') {
3119 $self->register_middleware($next);
3120 } elsif(ref $next eq 'HASH') {
3121 my $namespace = shift @middleware_definitions;
3122 $self->register_middleware($namespace, %$next);
3124 $self->register_middleware($next);
3130 sub register_middleware {
3131 my($self, @args) = @_;
3132 my $middleware = $self->_build_middleware_from_args(@args);
3133 $self->_register_middleware($middleware);
3137 sub _build_middleware_from_args {
3138 my ($self, $proto, @args) = @_;
3140 if(ref $proto) { ## Either an object or coderef
3141 if(Scalar::Util::blessed $proto && $proto->can('wrap')) { ## Its already an instance of middleware
3143 } elsif(ref $proto eq 'CODE') { ## Its inlined coderef
3146 } else { ## We assume its a string aiming to load Plack Middleware
3147 my $class = ref($self) || $self;
3150 $proto =~/^Plack::Middleware/ ||
3152 ) { ## the string is a full namespace
3154 return $proto->new(@args);
3155 } else { ## the string is a partial namespace
3156 if(Class::Load::try_load_class("Plack::Middleware::$proto")) { ## Act like Plack::Builder
3157 return "Plack::Middleware::$proto"->new(@args);
3158 } elsif(Class::Load::try_load_class("$class::$proto")) { ## Load Middleware from Project namespace
3159 return "$class::$proto"->new(@args);
3164 die "I don't know how to build $proto into valid Plack Middleware";
3167 sub apply_registered_middleware {
3168 my ($self, $psgi) = @_;
3169 my $new_psgi = $psgi;
3170 foreach my $middleware ($self->registered_middlewares) {
3171 $new_psgi = Scalar::Util::blessed $middleware ?
3172 $middleware->wrap($new_psgi) :
3173 $middleware->($new_psgi);
3180 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
3181 currently executing).
3185 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
3186 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
3187 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
3189 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
3190 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
3191 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
3194 =head2 $c->stats_class
3196 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
3198 =head2 $c->use_stats
3200 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
3202 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
3203 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
3210 =head2 $c->write( $data )
3212 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
3213 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
3214 your output data, if known.
3221 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output (for compat)
3222 $c->finalize_headers;
3224 return $c->response->write( @_ );
3229 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
3230 messages in template systems.
3234 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
3236 =head1 CONFIGURATION
3238 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
3244 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
3248 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
3252 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
3253 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
3254 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
3255 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
3256 instead C<undef> will be returned.
3260 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
3261 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
3262 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
3266 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
3270 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3275 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3276 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3277 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3281 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3282 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3283 templates to a different directory.
3287 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3288 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3289 C<< $c->components >>).
3293 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3294 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3298 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3299 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3301 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3302 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3303 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3305 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3306 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3310 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3312 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3313 The path is generated from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3314 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3315 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3317 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3318 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3319 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3320 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3322 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3324 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3325 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3326 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3328 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3329 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3330 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3332 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3333 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3334 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3335 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3336 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3342 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3346 C<encoding> - See L</ENCODING>
3350 C<abort_chain_on_error_fix>
3352 When there is an error in an action chain, the default behavior is to continue
3353 processing the remaining actions and then catch the error upon chain end. This
3354 can lead to running actions when the application is in an unexpected state. If
3355 you have this issue, setting this config value to true will promptly exit a
3356 chain when there is an error raised in any action (thus terminating the chain
3361 __PACKAGE__->config(abort_chain_on_error_fix => 1);
3363 In the future this might become the default behavior.
3367 C<psgi_middleware> - See L<PSGI MIDDLEWARE>.
3371 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3373 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3374 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3375 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3377 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3379 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3381 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3382 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3383 parsing with a config parameter.
3385 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3387 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3389 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3390 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3391 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3392 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3393 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3394 virtual host that the user connected through.
3396 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3397 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3398 changes are made to the request.
3400 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3401 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3403 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3404 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3406 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3407 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3408 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3409 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3410 be created properly.
3412 In the case of passing in:
3414 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3416 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3418 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3420 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3421 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3422 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3425 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3427 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3429 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 0);
3431 =head2 Note about psgi files
3433 Note that if you supply your own .psgi file, calling
3434 C<< MyApp->psgi_app(@_); >>, then B<this will not happen automatically>.
3436 You either need to apply L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy> yourself
3437 in your psgi, for example:
3440 enable "Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy";
3444 This will unconditionally add the ReverseProxy support, or you need to call
3445 C<< $app = MyApp->apply_default_middlewares($app) >> (to conditionally
3446 apply the support depending upon your config).
3448 See L<Catalyst::PSGI> for more information.
3450 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3452 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3453 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3454 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3456 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3457 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3458 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3460 =head1 PSGI MIDDLEWARE
3462 You can define middleware, defined as L<Plack::Middleware> or a compatible
3463 interface in configuration. Your middleware definitions are in the form of an
3464 arrayref under the configuration key C<psgi_middleware>. Here's an example
3465 with details to follow:
3470 use Plack::Middleware::StackTrace;
3472 my $stacktrace_middleware = Plack::Middleware::StackTrace->new;
3474 __PACKAGE__->config(
3475 'psgi_middleware', [
3478 $stacktrace_middleware,
3479 'Session' => {store => 'File'},
3484 $env->{myapp.customkey} = 'helloworld';
3493 So the general form is:
3495 __PACKAGE__->config(psgi_middleware => \@middleware_definitions);
3497 Where C<@middleware> is one or more of the following, applied in the REVERSE of
3498 the order listed (to make it function similarly to L<Plack::Builder>:
3502 =item Middleware Object
3504 An already initialized object that conforms to the L<Plack::Middleware>
3507 my $stacktrace_middleware = Plack::Middleware::StackTrace->new;
3509 __PACKAGE__->config(
3510 'psgi_middleware', [
3511 $stacktrace_middleware,
3517 A coderef that is an inlined middleware:
3519 __PACKAGE__->config(
3520 'psgi_middleware', [
3525 if($env->{PATH_INFO} =~m/forced/) {
3527 ->new(file=>TestApp->path_to(qw/share static forced.txt/))
3530 return $app->($env);
3540 We assume the scalar refers to a namespace after normalizing it using the
3543 (1) If the scalar is prefixed with a "+" (as in C<+MyApp::Foo>) then the full string
3544 is assumed to be 'as is', and we just install and use the middleware.
3546 (2) If the scalar begins with "Plack::Middleware" or your application namespace
3547 (the package name of your Catalyst application subclass), we also assume then
3548 that it is a full namespace, and use it.
3550 (3) Lastly, we then assume that the scalar is a partial namespace, and attempt to
3551 resolve it first by looking for it under your application namespace (for example
3552 if you application is "MyApp::Web" and the scalar is "MyMiddleware", we'd look
3553 under "MyApp::Web::Middleware::MyMiddleware") and if we don't find it there, we
3554 will then look under the regular L<Plack::Middleware> namespace (i.e. for the
3555 previous we'd try "Plack::Middleware::MyMiddleware"). We look under your application
3556 namespace first to let you 'override' common L<Plack::Middleware> locally, should
3557 you find that a good idea.
3563 __PACKAGE__->config(
3564 'psgi_middleware', [
3565 'Debug', ## MyAppWeb::Middleware::Debug->wrap or Plack::Middleware::Debug->wrap
3566 'Plack::Middleware::Stacktrace', ## Plack::Middleware::Stacktrace->wrap
3567 '+MyApp::Custom', ## MyApp::Custom->wrap
3571 =item a scalar followed by a hashref
3573 Just like the previous, except the following C<HashRef> is used as arguments
3574 to initialize the middleware object.
3576 __PACKAGE__->config(
3577 'psgi_middleware', [
3578 'Session' => {store => 'File'},
3583 Please see L<PSGI> for more on middleware.
3587 On request, decodes all params from encoding into a sequence of
3588 logical characters. On response, encodes body into encoding.
3596 Returns an instance of an C<Encode> encoding
3598 print $c->encoding->name
3600 =item handle_unicode_encoding_exception ($exception_context)
3602 Method called when decoding process for a request fails.
3604 An C<$exception_context> hashref is provided to allow you to override the
3605 behaviour of your application when given data with incorrect encodings.
3607 The default method throws exceptions in the case of invalid request parameters
3608 (resulting in a 500 error), but ignores errors in upload filenames.
3610 The keys passed in the C<$exception_context> hash are:
3616 The value which was not able to be decoded.
3620 The exception received from L<Encode>.
3624 What type of data was being decoded. Valid values are (currently)
3625 C<params> - for request parameters / arguments / captures
3626 and C<uploads> - for request upload filenames.
3636 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3640 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3641 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3645 http://catalyst.perl.org
3649 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3653 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3655 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3657 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3659 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3661 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3663 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3665 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3667 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3669 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3671 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3677 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3679 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3683 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3687 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3689 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3691 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3693 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3695 chansen: Christian Hansen
3697 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3699 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3701 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3703 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3705 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3709 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3711 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3715 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3717 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3719 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3721 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3723 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3727 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3731 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3733 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3735 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3737 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3739 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3741 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3747 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3749 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3751 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3753 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3755 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3757 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3759 mgrimes: Mark Grimes <mgrimes@cpan.org>
3761 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3765 naughton: David Naughton
3767 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3769 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3771 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3777 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3779 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3781 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3783 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3785 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3787 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3789 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3793 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3795 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3799 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3801 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3803 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3805 wreis: Wallace Reis <wreis@cpan.org>
3807 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3809 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3811 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3815 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3819 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3820 the same terms as Perl itself.
3826 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;