4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use namespace::clean -except => 'meta';
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008003; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
53 my %p = ( _log => $self->log );
54 $p{_uploadtmp} = $self->_uploadtmp if $self->_has_uploadtmp;
55 $self->request_class->new(\%p);
63 $self->response_class->new({ _log => $self->log });
67 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
69 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
70 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
73 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
76 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
79 # For backwards compatibility
80 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
85 our $RECURSION = 1000;
86 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
87 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
89 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
90 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
91 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
92 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
93 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
94 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file run_options/;
96 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
97 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
98 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
99 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
101 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
103 our $VERSION = '5.90014';
106 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
108 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
110 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
112 my $caller = caller();
113 return if $caller eq 'main';
115 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
116 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
117 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
118 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
120 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
121 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
123 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
124 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
125 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
128 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
132 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
136 sub _application { $_[0] }
140 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
144 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
145 documentation and tutorials.
147 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
148 # use the helper to create a new application
151 # add models, views, controllers
152 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
153 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
154 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
156 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
157 # --help to see all available options
158 script/myapp_server.pl
160 # command line testing interface
161 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
164 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
166 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
167 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
168 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
169 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
170 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
172 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
173 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
174 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
175 # do something else after forward returns
179 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
180 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
184 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
185 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
187 # called after all actions are finished
189 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
190 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
191 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
192 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
195 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
199 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
200 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
201 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
202 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
204 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
206 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
207 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
208 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
211 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
213 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
214 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
218 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
221 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
222 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
224 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
226 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
227 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
229 The following flags are supported:
233 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
234 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
235 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
238 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
239 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
243 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
245 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
247 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
248 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
249 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
250 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
251 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
253 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
254 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
255 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
256 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
257 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
258 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
259 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
263 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
265 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
269 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
271 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
273 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
274 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
275 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
277 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
281 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
285 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
286 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
290 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
291 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
293 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
294 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
300 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
301 information about the current client request (including parameters,
302 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
304 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
306 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
308 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
310 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
311 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
312 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
313 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
314 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
316 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
319 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
320 $c->forward('index');
321 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
322 $c->forward('View::TT');
324 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
325 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
326 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
327 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
328 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
332 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
334 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
337 $c->forward('foo') || return;
339 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
340 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
341 Thus, something like:
345 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
346 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
347 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
350 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
352 and access it from the stash.
354 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
358 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
360 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
362 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
366 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
367 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
369 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
373 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
375 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@arguments ] )
377 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
379 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
381 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
383 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
384 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
385 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
386 you go to are called, just like a new request.
388 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
389 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
390 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
391 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
392 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
393 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
394 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
395 invoked from the called action.
397 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
399 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
400 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
401 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
402 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
403 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
407 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
409 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
411 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
413 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
415 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
417 The relationship between C<go> and
418 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
419 the relationship between
420 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
421 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
422 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
423 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
424 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
425 does not return to its caller.
427 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
428 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
433 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
439 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
443 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
444 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
445 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
446 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
447 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
448 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
451 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
452 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
453 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
455 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
456 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
460 around stash => sub {
463 my $stash = $orig->($c);
465 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
466 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
467 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
468 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
478 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
480 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
482 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
483 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
484 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
486 my @error = @{ $c->error };
490 $c->error('Something bad happened');
497 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
498 croak @$error unless ref $c;
499 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
501 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
502 return $c->{error} || [];
508 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
509 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
510 values it returns are scalar.
512 =head2 $c->clear_errors
514 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
515 implementing a custom error screen.
517 This is equivalent to running
528 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
530 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
533 # search components given a name and some prefixes
534 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
535 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
536 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
537 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
538 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
540 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
541 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
542 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
544 # undef for a name will return all
545 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
547 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
548 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
550 return @result if @result;
552 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
555 # skip regexp fallback if configured
557 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
561 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
563 # no results? try against full names
565 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
568 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
570 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
571 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
572 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
573 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
574 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
575 my $short = $result[0];
576 # remove the component namespace prefix
577 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
578 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
579 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
580 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
582 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
583 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
584 "component's config";
586 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
587 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
588 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
590 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
596 # Find possible names for a prefix
598 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
599 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
601 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
603 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
604 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
609 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
610 sub _filter_component {
611 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
613 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
614 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
620 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
622 =head2 $c->controller($name)
624 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
626 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
628 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
631 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
633 # find all controllers that start with Foo
634 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
640 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
642 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
644 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
645 my $comps = $c->components;
646 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
647 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
649 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
650 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
651 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
654 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
657 =head2 $c->model($name)
659 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
661 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
663 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
665 If the name is omitted, it will look for
666 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
667 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
668 - a config setting 'default_model', or
669 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
671 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
673 # find all models that start with Foo
674 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
679 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
680 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
682 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
683 my $comps = $c->components;
684 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
685 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
687 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
688 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
689 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
693 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
694 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
695 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
696 if $c->stash->{current_model};
698 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
699 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
701 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
704 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
705 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
706 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
707 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
708 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
711 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
715 =head2 $c->view($name)
717 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
719 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
721 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
723 If the name is omitted, it will look for
724 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
725 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
726 - a config setting 'default_view', or
727 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
729 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
731 # find all views that start with Foo
732 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
737 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
739 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
741 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
742 my $comps = $c->components;
743 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
744 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
745 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
748 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
751 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
752 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
753 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
757 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
758 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
759 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
760 if $c->stash->{current_view};
762 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
763 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
765 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
768 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
769 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
770 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
771 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
772 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
775 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
778 =head2 $c->controllers
780 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
786 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
791 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
797 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
803 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
809 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
812 =head2 $c->comp($name)
814 =head2 $c->component($name)
816 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
817 unless you want to get a specific component by full
818 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
819 should be used instead.
821 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
822 component name will be returned.
824 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
825 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
826 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
828 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
833 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
836 my $comps = $c->components;
839 # is it the exact name?
840 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
841 if exists $comps->{ $name };
843 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
844 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
845 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
846 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
848 # search all of the models, views and controllers
849 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
850 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
854 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
856 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
857 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
859 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
860 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
863 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
864 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
865 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
866 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
869 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
873 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
876 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
880 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
882 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
884 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
885 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
886 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
888 =head3 Cascading configuration
890 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
891 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
892 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
893 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
894 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
895 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
897 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
898 component is constructed.
902 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
903 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
905 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
908 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
914 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
915 on the receiving component to access the config value.
917 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
921 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
927 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
928 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
930 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
931 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
932 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
933 the constructor and use those instead.
937 around config => sub {
941 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
942 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
949 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
950 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
951 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
952 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
954 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
959 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
961 Your log class should implement the methods described in
967 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
969 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
973 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
975 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
977 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
979 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
983 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
985 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
991 =head2 $c->dispatcher
993 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
997 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1000 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
1002 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
1004 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
1005 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
1006 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
1007 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
1011 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
1016 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
1017 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
1018 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
1019 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
1023 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1025 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1026 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/);
1028 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1030 eval { $plugin->import };
1031 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1033 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1036 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1037 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1040 $class->$name($obj);
1041 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1047 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1048 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1049 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1053 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1055 B<Note:> You B<should not> wrap this method with method modifiers
1056 or bad things will happen - wrap the C<setup_finalize> method instead.
1061 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1062 croak('Running setup more than once')
1063 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1065 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1067 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1068 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1071 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1072 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1078 foreach (@arguments) {
1082 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1084 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1085 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1088 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1092 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1094 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1095 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1096 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1097 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1098 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1100 $class->setup_engine();
1101 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1103 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1105 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1106 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1109 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1113 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1114 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1115 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1116 You are running an old script!
1118 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1119 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1121 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1122 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1127 if ( $class->debug ) {
1128 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1131 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1132 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1133 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1134 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1137 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1138 my $engine = $class->engine;
1139 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1141 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1142 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1146 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1147 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1148 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1151 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1152 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1154 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1155 local *setup = sub { };
1156 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1159 # Initialize our data structure
1160 $class->components( {} );
1162 $class->setup_components;
1164 if ( $class->debug ) {
1165 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1166 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1167 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1168 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1169 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1171 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1172 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1175 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1176 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1177 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1180 $class->setup_actions;
1182 if ( $class->debug ) {
1183 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1184 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1187 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1188 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1189 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1192 $class->setup_finalize;
1193 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1194 # setup_finalize can log..
1195 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1196 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1199 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1201 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1202 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1204 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1208 after setup_finalize => sub {
1216 sub setup_finalize {
1218 $class->setup_finished(1);
1221 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1223 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1225 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1226 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1227 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1228 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1229 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1231 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1232 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1233 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1235 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1236 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1237 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1238 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1239 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1241 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1242 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1243 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1244 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1245 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1246 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1249 The captures for the current request can be found in
1250 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1251 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1252 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1254 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1255 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1256 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1258 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1259 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1261 # Path to a static resource
1262 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1267 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1269 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1270 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1275 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1278 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1280 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1281 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1282 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1283 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1286 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1287 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1288 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1289 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1293 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1294 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1295 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1299 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1300 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1301 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1303 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1304 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1307 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1308 if (not defined $path) {
1309 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1313 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1316 unshift(@args, $path);
1318 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1319 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1320 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1321 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1323 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1326 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1327 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1328 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1330 my $base = $c->req->base;
1331 my $class = ref($base);
1332 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1336 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1337 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1338 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1339 my $val = $params->{$_};
1340 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1343 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1346 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1347 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1348 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1350 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1354 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1358 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1360 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1366 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1368 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1369 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1372 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1375 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1377 For example, if the action looks like:
1379 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1381 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1385 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1387 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1389 =item \@captures_and_args?
1391 Optional array reference of Captures (i.e. C<<CaptureArgs or $c->req->captures>)
1392 and arguments to the request. Usually used with L<Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained>
1393 to interpolate all the parameters in the URI.
1397 Optional list of extra arguments - can be supplied in the
1398 C<< \@captures_and_args? >> array ref, or here - whichever is easier for your
1401 Your action can have zero, a fixed or a variable number of args (e.g.
1402 C<< Args(1) >> for a fixed number or C<< Args() >> for a variable number)..
1404 =item \%query_values?
1406 Optional array reference of query parameters to append. E.g.
1412 /rest/of/your/uri?foo=bar
1418 sub uri_for_action {
1419 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1420 my $action = blessed($path)
1422 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1423 unless (defined $action) {
1424 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1426 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1429 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1431 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1435 sub welcome_message {
1437 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1438 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1439 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1440 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1442 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1443 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1444 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1446 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1447 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1448 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1449 <style type="text/css">
1452 background-color: #eee;
1459 margin-bottom: 10px;
1461 background-color: #ccc;
1462 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1467 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1470 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1473 text-decoration: none;
1475 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1477 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1490 background-color: #fff;
1491 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1495 font-weight: normal;
1517 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1522 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1524 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1525 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1526 framework will make web development something you had
1527 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1528 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1529 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1530 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1531 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1532 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1533 <pre>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1535 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1537 <code>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Intro">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1538 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1540 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1541 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1542 helper scripts to generate <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AController">controllers</a>,
1543 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AModel">models</a>, and
1544 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AView">views</a>;
1545 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1546 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1547 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1548 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1549 you are likely to find what you need there.
1553 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1554 get in touch with us.</p>
1557 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1560 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1563 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1566 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1567 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1568 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1569 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1579 Contains a hash of options passed from the application script, including
1580 the original ARGV the script received, the processed values from that
1581 ARGV and any extra arguments to the script which were not processed.
1583 This can be used to add custom options to your application's scripts
1584 and setup your application differently depending on the values of these
1587 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1589 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1591 =head2 $c->components
1593 Returns a hash of components.
1595 =head2 $c->context_class
1597 Returns or sets the context class.
1601 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1602 deep recursion detection).
1606 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1610 Dispatches a request to actions.
1614 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1616 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1618 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1620 =head2 $c->dump_these
1622 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1623 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1629 [ Request => $c->req ],
1630 [ Response => $c->res ],
1631 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1632 [ Config => $c->config ];
1635 =head2 $c->engine_class
1637 Returns or sets the engine class.
1639 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1641 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1647 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1648 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1651 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1652 my $action = $code->reverse();
1653 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1654 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1655 $c->log->error($error);
1661 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1663 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1665 no warnings 'recursion';
1666 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1667 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1668 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1670 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1672 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1674 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1675 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1676 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1678 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1679 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1682 unless ( ref $error ) {
1683 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1685 my $class = $last->class;
1686 my $name = $last->name;
1687 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1696 sub _stats_start_execute {
1697 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1698 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1699 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1700 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1702 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1703 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1705 my $action = $action_name;
1706 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1708 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1709 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1710 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1712 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1714 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1715 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1717 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1718 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1719 $action = "-> $action";
1724 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1726 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1727 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1728 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1730 # forward, locate the caller
1731 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1734 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1740 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1759 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1760 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1761 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1766 Finalizes the request.
1773 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1774 $c->log->error($error);
1777 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1778 my $engine = $c->engine;
1779 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1784 $c->finalize_uploads;
1787 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1791 $c->finalize_headers;
1794 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1795 $c->response->body('');
1803 if ($c->use_stats) {
1804 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1805 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1807 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1810 return $c->response->status;
1813 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1819 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1821 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1827 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1829 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1835 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1837 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1843 sub finalize_headers {
1846 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1848 # Check if we already finalized headers
1849 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1852 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1853 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1854 $response->header( Location => $location );
1856 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1857 # Add a default body if none is already present
1858 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1859 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1860 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1862 <title>Moved</title>
1865 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1869 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1874 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1876 # get the length from a filehandle
1877 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1879 my $size = -s $response->body;
1881 $response->content_length( $size );
1884 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1888 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1889 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1894 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1895 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1896 $response->body('');
1899 $c->finalize_cookies;
1901 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1904 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1907 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1909 An alias for finalize_body.
1911 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1913 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1917 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1919 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1921 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1925 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1927 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1929 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1933 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1935 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1937 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1942 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1944 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1946 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1950 sub handle_request {
1951 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1953 # Always expect worst case!
1956 if ($class->debug) {
1957 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1958 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1959 my $time = localtime time;
1960 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1963 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1965 $status = $c->finalize;
1968 chomp(my $error = $_);
1969 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1974 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1975 $class->log->$coderef();
1980 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1982 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1989 predicate => '_has_uploadtmp',
1993 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1996 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1997 # into the application.
1998 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
2000 my $uploadtmp = $class->config->{uploadtmp};
2001 my $c = $class->context_class->new({ $uploadtmp ? (_uploadtmp => $uploadtmp) : ()});
2003 $c->response->_context($c);
2005 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
2006 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
2007 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
2008 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
2012 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
2013 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
2014 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
2017 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
2018 $c->prepare_connection;
2019 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
2020 $c->prepare_headers; # Just hooks, no longer needed - they just
2021 $c->prepare_cookies; # cause the lazy attribute on req to build
2024 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
2025 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
2028 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
2029 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2035 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
2037 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2038 $c->response->status(400);
2039 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2040 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2041 # Note we call finalize and then die here, which escapes
2042 # finalize being called in the enclosing block..
2043 # It in fact couldn't be called, as we don't return $c..
2044 # This is a mess - but I'm unsure you can fix this without
2045 # breaking compat for people doing crazy things (we should set
2046 # the 400 and just return the ctx here IMO, letting finalize get called
2057 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2059 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2063 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2065 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2067 Prepares message body.
2074 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2076 # Initialize on-demand data
2077 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2078 $c->prepare_parameters;
2079 $c->prepare_uploads;
2082 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2084 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2086 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2090 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2092 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2095 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2097 Prepares body parameters.
2101 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2103 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2106 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2108 Prepares connection.
2112 sub prepare_connection {
2114 # XXX - This is called on the engine (not the request) to maintain
2115 # Engine::PSGI back compat.
2116 $c->engine->prepare_connection($c);
2119 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2121 Prepares cookies by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2122 object has been built.
2126 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->request->cookies }
2128 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2130 Prepares request headers by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2131 object has been built.
2135 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->request->headers }
2137 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2139 Prepares parameters.
2143 sub prepare_parameters {
2145 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2146 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2149 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2151 Prepares path and base.
2155 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2157 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2159 Prepares query parameters.
2163 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2166 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2169 =head2 $c->log_request
2171 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2175 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2177 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2179 =item * Request parameters
2181 =item * File uploads
2190 return unless $c->debug;
2192 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2193 my $request = $dump->[1];
2195 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2197 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2199 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2201 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2203 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2204 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2207 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2209 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2212 =head2 $c->log_response
2214 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2215 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2222 return unless $c->debug;
2224 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2225 my $response = $dump->[1];
2227 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2228 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2231 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2233 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2237 =item * Response status code
2239 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2241 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2247 sub log_response_status_line {
2248 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2252 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2253 $response->status || 'unknown',
2254 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2255 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2260 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2262 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2263 No-op in the default implementation.
2267 sub log_response_headers {}
2269 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2271 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2275 sub log_request_parameters {
2277 my %all_params = @_;
2279 return unless $c->debug;
2281 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2282 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2283 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2284 next if ! keys %$params;
2285 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2286 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2287 my $param = $params->{$key};
2288 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2289 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2291 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2295 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2297 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2298 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2303 sub log_request_uploads {
2305 my $request = shift;
2306 return unless $c->debug;
2307 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2308 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2309 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2310 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2315 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2316 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2317 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2318 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2321 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2325 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2327 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2328 No-op in the default implementation.
2332 sub log_request_headers {}
2334 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2336 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2343 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2345 return unless $c->debug;
2347 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2348 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2351 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2352 $t->row( $name, $value );
2355 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2359 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2361 Prepares the input for reading.
2365 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2367 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2369 Prepares the engine request.
2373 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2375 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2381 sub prepare_uploads {
2384 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2387 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2389 Prepares the output for writing.
2393 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2395 =head2 $c->request_class
2397 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2399 =head2 $c->response_class
2401 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2403 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2405 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2406 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2407 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2409 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2412 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2413 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2414 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2418 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->request->read( @_ ) }
2428 $app->_make_immutable_if_needed;
2429 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2430 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2431 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2434 sub _make_immutable_if_needed {
2436 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2437 my $isa_ca = $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $class->isa('Class::Accessor');
2440 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
2443 warn("You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
2444 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
2445 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
2446 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
2447 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n");
2449 unless ($meta->is_immutable) {
2450 # XXX - FIXME warning here as you should make your app immutable yourself.
2451 $meta->make_immutable(
2452 replace_constructor => 1,
2457 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2459 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2463 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2465 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2467 Sets up actions for a component.
2471 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2473 =head2 $c->setup_components
2475 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2477 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2478 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2479 each component into the application.
2481 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2483 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2488 sub setup_components {
2491 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2493 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2494 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2496 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2497 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2498 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2499 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2501 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2503 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2504 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2505 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2507 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2510 for my $component (@comps) {
2511 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2512 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2513 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2514 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2515 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2516 next if $comps{$component};
2517 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2522 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2524 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2525 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2527 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2528 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2529 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2530 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2534 sub locate_components {
2538 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2539 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2541 push @paths, @$extra;
2543 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2544 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2548 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2549 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2554 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2556 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2557 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2561 sub expand_component_module {
2562 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2563 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2566 =head2 $c->setup_component
2570 sub setup_component {
2571 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2573 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2577 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2578 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2579 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2580 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2581 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2582 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2584 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2586 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2588 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2589 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2593 unless (blessed $instance) {
2594 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2595 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2596 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2597 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2598 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2600 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2606 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2612 sub setup_dispatcher {
2613 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2616 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2619 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2620 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2623 unless ($dispatcher) {
2624 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2627 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2629 # dispatcher instance
2630 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2633 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2640 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2642 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2643 $class->engine_loader(
2644 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2645 application_name => $class,
2646 (defined $requested_engine
2647 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2652 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2656 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2659 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2661 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2662 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2663 application_name => $class,
2664 (defined $requested_engine
2665 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2668 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2671 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2674 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2675 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2677 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2679 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2680 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2682 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2683 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2684 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2685 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2687 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2689 my $psgi_app = $class->_finalized_psgi_app;
2690 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2693 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2696 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2701 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2704 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2705 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2706 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2709 return $app->_psgi_app;
2712 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2715 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2716 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2717 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2720 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2722 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2723 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2724 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2725 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2726 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2728 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2729 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2730 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2733 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2736 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2738 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2739 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2743 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2746 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2748 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2749 useful and commonly needed:
2751 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2752 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2753 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2754 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2755 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2757 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2758 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2764 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2765 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2767 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2769 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2772 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2773 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2774 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2778 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2779 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2780 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2782 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($_[0]) },
2785 return unless $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} && $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} =~ m!lighttpd[-/]1\.(\d+\.\d+)!;
2786 return unless $1 < 4.23;
2791 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2792 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2794 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2801 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2802 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2803 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2805 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2806 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2812 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2815 =head2 $c->setup_home
2817 Sets up the home directory.
2822 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2824 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2828 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2831 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2832 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2833 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2837 =head2 $c->setup_log
2839 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2840 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2843 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2844 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2845 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2847 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2848 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2849 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2854 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2857 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2858 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2859 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2861 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2862 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2863 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2864 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2867 unless ( $class->log ) {
2868 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2871 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2872 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2873 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2877 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2883 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2885 Sets up timing statistics class.
2890 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2892 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2894 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2895 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2896 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2897 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2902 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2904 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2907 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2908 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2909 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2911 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2919 sub registered_plugins {
2921 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2923 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2924 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2927 sub _register_plugin {
2928 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2929 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2931 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2932 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2933 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2934 my $plugin_meta = Moose::Meta::Class->create($plugin);
2935 if (!$plugin_meta->has_method('new')
2936 && ( $plugin->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $plugin->isa('Class::Accessor') ) ) {
2937 $plugin_meta->add_method('new', Moose::Object->meta->get_method('new'))
2939 if (!$instant && !$proto->_plugins->{$plugin}) {
2940 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2941 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2943 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2948 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2950 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2951 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2954 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2955 $class . '::Plugin',
2956 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2962 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2963 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2964 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2965 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2967 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2971 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2972 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2973 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2976 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2984 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2985 currently executing).
2989 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2990 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2991 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2993 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2994 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2995 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2998 =head2 $c->stats_class
3000 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
3002 =head2 $c->use_stats
3004 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
3006 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
3007 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
3014 =head2 $c->write( $data )
3016 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
3017 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
3018 your output data, if known.
3025 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output (for compat)
3026 $c->finalize_headers;
3028 return $c->response->write( @_ );
3033 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
3034 messages in template systems.
3038 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
3040 =head1 CONFIGURATION
3042 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
3048 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
3052 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
3056 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
3057 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
3058 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
3059 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
3060 instead C<undef> will be returned.
3064 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
3065 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
3066 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
3070 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
3074 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3079 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3080 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3081 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3085 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3086 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3087 templates to a different directory.
3091 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3092 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3093 C<< $c->components >>).
3097 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3098 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3102 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3103 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3105 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3106 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3107 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3109 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3110 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3114 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3116 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3117 The path is generated from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3118 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3119 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3121 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3122 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3123 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3124 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3126 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3128 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3129 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3130 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3132 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3133 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3134 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3136 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3137 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3138 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3139 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3140 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3146 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3150 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3152 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3153 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3154 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3156 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3158 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3160 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3161 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3162 parsing with a config parameter.
3164 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3166 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3168 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3169 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3170 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3171 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3172 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3173 virtual host that the user connected through.
3175 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3176 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3177 changes are made to the request.
3179 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3180 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3182 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3183 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3185 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3186 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3187 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3188 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3189 be created properly.
3191 In the case of passing in:
3193 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3195 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3197 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3199 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3200 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3201 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3204 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3206 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3208 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 0);
3210 =head2 Note about psgi files
3212 Note that if you supply your own .psgi file, calling
3213 C<< MyApp->psgi_app(@_); >>, then B<this will not happen automatically>.
3215 You either need to apply L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy> yourself
3216 in your psgi, for example:
3219 enable "Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy";
3223 This will unconditionally add the ReverseProxy support, or you need to call
3224 C<< $app = MyApp->apply_default_middlewares($app) >> (to conditionally
3225 apply the support depending upon your config).
3227 See L<Catalyst::PSGI> for more information.
3229 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3231 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3232 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3233 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3235 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3236 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3237 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3243 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3247 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3248 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3252 http://catalyst.perl.org
3256 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3260 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3262 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3264 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3266 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3268 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3270 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3272 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3274 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3276 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3278 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3284 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3286 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3290 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3294 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3296 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3298 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3300 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3302 chansen: Christian Hansen
3304 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3306 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3308 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3310 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3312 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3316 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3318 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3322 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3324 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3326 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3328 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3330 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3334 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3338 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3340 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3342 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3344 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3346 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3348 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3354 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3356 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3358 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3360 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3362 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3364 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3366 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3370 naughton: David Naughton
3372 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3374 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3376 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3382 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3384 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3386 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3388 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3390 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3392 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3394 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3398 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3400 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3404 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3406 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3408 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3410 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3412 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3414 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3416 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3420 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3424 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3425 the same terms as Perl itself.
3431 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;