6 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
10 use Catalyst::Request;
11 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
12 use Catalyst::Response;
14 use Catalyst::Controller;
15 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
17 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
18 use Text::SimpleTable ();
19 use Path::Class::Dir ();
20 use Path::Class::File ();
21 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
25 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
30 use Carp qw/croak carp/;
32 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
34 has stack => (is => 'rw', default => sub { [] });
35 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
36 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
37 has stats => (is => 'rw');
38 has action => (is => 'rw');
39 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
40 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
41 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
42 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
46 attributes->import( __PACKAGE__, \&namespace, 'lvalue' );
48 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
49 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
52 # carp "the use of req() is deprecated in favour of request()";
53 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
56 # carp "the use of res() is deprecated in favour of response()";
57 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
60 # For backwards compatibility
61 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
66 our $RECURSION = 1000;
67 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
69 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
70 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
71 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
72 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
73 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
76 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
77 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
78 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
79 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
80 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
82 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
84 our $VERSION = '5.7013';
87 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
89 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
91 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
93 my $caller = caller();
94 return if $caller eq 'main';
95 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
96 #Moose->import({ into => $caller }); #do we want to do this?
98 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
99 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
100 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
106 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
112 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
116 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
117 documentation and tutorials.
119 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
120 # use the helper to create a new application
123 # add models, views, controllers
124 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=dynamic dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
125 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
126 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
128 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
129 # --help to see all available options
130 script/myapp_server.pl
132 # command line testing interface
133 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
136 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
138 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
139 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
140 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
141 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
142 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
144 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
145 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
146 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
147 # do something else after forward returns
151 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
152 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
156 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
157 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
159 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
161 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
162 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
163 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
164 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
166 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
169 # called after all actions are finished
171 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
172 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
173 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
174 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
177 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
178 # called for /foo/bar
179 sub bar : Local { ... }
181 # called for /blargle
182 sub blargle : Global { ... }
184 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
185 sub index : Private { ... }
187 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
188 # called for /foo/bar/baz
189 sub baz : Local { ... }
191 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
192 sub auto : Private { ... }
194 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
195 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
196 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
197 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
198 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
201 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
205 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
206 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
207 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
208 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
210 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
212 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
213 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
214 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
217 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
219 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
220 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
224 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
227 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
228 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
230 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
232 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
233 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
235 The following flags are supported:
239 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
240 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
241 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
246 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
247 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
249 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
253 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
255 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
257 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
258 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
259 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
260 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
261 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
269 Enables statistics collection and reporting. You can also force this setting
270 from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS or <MYAPP>_STATS. The
271 environment settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_STATS having the
276 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/
280 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
284 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
285 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
289 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
290 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
292 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
293 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
299 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
300 information about the current client request (including parameters,
301 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
303 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
305 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
307 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
309 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
310 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
311 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
312 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
313 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
315 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
318 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
319 $c->forward('index');
320 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
321 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
323 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (actually
324 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called
325 action. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
328 die $c->error if $c->error;
330 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
333 $c->forward('foo') || return;
337 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
339 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
341 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
345 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
346 processing is finished.
348 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
352 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
358 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
362 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
363 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
364 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
365 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
366 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
367 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
370 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
371 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
372 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
374 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
375 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
382 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
383 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
384 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
385 #shouldn't we hold this in a var and save ourselves the subcall?
386 $c->next::method->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
390 return $c->next::method;
396 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
398 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
400 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
401 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
402 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
404 my @error = @{ $c->error };
408 $c->error('Something bad happened');
415 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
416 croak @$error unless ref $c;
417 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
419 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
420 return $c->{error} || [];
426 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
428 =head2 $c->clear_errors
430 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
431 implementing a custom error screen.
433 This is equivalent to running
447 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
449 foreach my $name (@names) {
450 foreach my $component ( keys %{ $c->components } ) {
451 return $c->components->{$component} if $component =~ /$name/i;
458 # try explicit component names
460 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
462 foreach my $try (@names) {
463 return $c->components->{$try} if ( exists $c->components->{$try} );
469 # like component, but try just these prefixes before regex searching,
470 # and do not try to return "sort keys %{ $c->components }"
472 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
474 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
476 my @names = map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } @prefixes;
478 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
479 return $comp if defined($comp);
480 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
484 # Find possible names for a prefix
487 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
489 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
491 my @pre = map { "${appclass}::${_}::" } @prefixes;
495 COMPONENT: foreach my $comp ($c->component) {
496 foreach my $p (@pre) {
497 if ($comp =~ s/^$p//) {
507 # Return a component if only one matches.
509 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
511 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
513 my ( $comp, $rest ) =
514 map { $c->_comp_search("^${appclass}::${_}::") } @prefixes;
515 return $comp unless $rest;
518 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
519 sub _filter_component {
520 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
521 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
522 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
524 else { return $comp }
527 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
529 =head2 $c->controller($name)
531 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
533 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
535 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
541 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
542 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ ),
545 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
548 =head2 $c->model($name)
550 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
552 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
554 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
556 If the name is omitted, it will look for
557 - a model object in $c->stash{current_model_instance}, then
558 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
559 - a config setting 'default_model', or
560 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
565 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
566 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ ),
570 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
571 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
572 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
573 if $c->stash->{current_model};
575 return $c->model( $c->config->{default_model} )
576 if $c->config->{default_model};
577 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/Model M/) );
581 =head2 $c->controllers
583 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
589 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
593 =head2 $c->view($name)
595 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
597 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
599 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
601 If the name is omitted, it will look for
602 - a view object in $c->stash{current_view_instance}, then
603 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
604 - a config setting 'default_view', or
605 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
610 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
611 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ ),
615 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
616 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
617 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
618 if $c->stash->{current_view};
620 return $c->view( $c->config->{default_view} )
621 if $c->config->{default_view};
622 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/View V/) );
627 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
633 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
639 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
645 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
648 =head2 $c->comp($name)
650 =head2 $c->component($name)
652 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
653 unless you want to get a specific component by full
654 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
655 should be used instead.
666 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
669 $name, "${appclass}::${name}",
670 map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" }
671 qw/Model M Controller C View V/
674 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
675 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
677 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
678 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
681 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
686 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
690 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
692 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
694 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or C<Config::General> config file
695 like myapp.yml in your applications home directory. See
696 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
699 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
707 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
708 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
710 $c->next::method(@_);
715 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
716 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
717 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
718 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
720 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
725 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
727 Your log class should implement the methods described in
733 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
735 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
736 by declaring "sub debug { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->debug(1).
742 =head2 $c->dispatcher
744 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
745 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
749 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
753 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
755 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
757 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
758 L<Path::Class::Dir> object.
762 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
767 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
768 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
769 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
770 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
773 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
775 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
776 loads and instantiates the given class.
778 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
780 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
785 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
786 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
788 eval { $plugin->import };
789 $class->mk_classdata($name);
791 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
794 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
795 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
799 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
805 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
806 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
807 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
811 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
816 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
817 Class::C3::initialize;
818 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
819 if ( $class->setup_finished );
821 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
823 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
824 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
827 if ( $class->arguments ) {
828 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
834 foreach (@arguments) {
838 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
840 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
841 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
844 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
848 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
850 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
851 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
852 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
853 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
854 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
856 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
858 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
859 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
862 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
866 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
867 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
868 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
869 You are running an old script!
871 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
872 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
874 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
875 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
880 if ( $class->debug ) {
881 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
884 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
885 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
886 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
889 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
890 my $engine = $class->engine;
891 my $home = $class->config->{home};
893 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
894 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
898 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
899 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
900 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
905 no warnings qw/redefine/;
906 local *setup = sub { };
910 # Initialize our data structure
911 $class->components( {} );
913 $class->setup_components;
915 if ( $class->debug ) {
916 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
917 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
918 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
919 $t->row( $comp, $type );
921 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
922 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
925 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
926 $class->components->{$class} = $class->setup_component($class);
928 $class->setup_actions;
930 if ( $class->debug ) {
931 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
932 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
934 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
936 $class->setup_finished(1);
937 Class::C3::initialize;
940 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
942 Merges path with C<< $c->request->base >> for absolute URIs and with
943 C<< $c->namespace >> for relative URIs, then returns a normalized L<URI>
944 object. If any args are passed, they are added at the end of the path.
945 If the last argument to C<uri_for> is a hash reference, it is assumed to
946 contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be appended to the URI
949 Note that uri_for is destructive to the passed hashref. Subsequent calls
950 with the same hashref may have unintended results.
952 Instead of C<$path>, you can also optionally pass a C<$action> object
953 which will be resolved to a path using
954 C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>; if the first element of
955 C<@args> is an arrayref it is treated as a list of captures to be passed
956 to C<uri_for_action>.
961 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
963 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($path) ) { # action object
964 my $captures = ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
967 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($path, $captures);
968 return undef unless defined($path);
969 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
972 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
975 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
977 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
978 s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go for @args;
980 unshift(@args, $path);
982 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
983 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
984 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
985 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
987 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
990 # join args with '/', or a blank string
991 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
992 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
994 my $base = $c->req->base;
995 my $class = ref($base);
996 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1000 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1001 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1002 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1003 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1006 my $val = $params->{$_};
1007 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1010 utf8::encode( $_ ) if utf8::is_utf8($_);
1011 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1012 s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1014 "${key}=$_"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1018 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1022 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1024 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1028 sub welcome_message {
1030 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1031 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1032 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1033 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1035 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1036 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1037 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1039 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1040 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1041 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1042 <style type="text/css">
1045 background-color: #eee;
1052 margin-bottom: 10px;
1054 background-color: #ccc;
1055 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1060 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1063 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1066 text-decoration: none;
1068 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1070 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1083 background-color: #fff;
1084 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1088 font-weight: normal;
1110 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1115 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1117 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1118 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1119 framework will make web development something you had
1120 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1121 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1122 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1123 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1124 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1125 you might want want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1126 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1128 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1130 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1131 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1133 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1134 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1135 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1136 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1137 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1138 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1139 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1140 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1141 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1142 you are likely to find what you need there.
1146 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1147 get in touch with us.</p>
1150 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1153 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1156 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1159 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1160 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1161 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1162 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1170 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1172 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1174 =head2 $c->components
1176 Returns a hash of components.
1178 =head2 $c->context_class
1180 Returns or sets the context class.
1184 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1185 deep recursion detection).
1189 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1193 Dispatches a request to actions.
1197 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1199 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1201 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1203 =head2 $c->dump_these
1205 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1206 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1212 [ Request => $c->req ],
1213 [ Response => $c->res ],
1214 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1215 [ Config => $c->config ];
1218 =head2 $c->engine_class
1220 Returns or sets the engine class.
1222 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1224 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1230 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1231 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1234 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1235 my $action = $code->reverse();
1236 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1237 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1238 $c->log->error($error);
1244 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1246 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1248 eval { $c->state( $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1250 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1252 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1254 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1255 if ( !ref($error) and $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 }
1257 unless ( ref $error ) {
1258 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1260 my $class = $last->class;
1261 my $name = $last->name;
1262 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1271 sub _stats_start_execute {
1272 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1274 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1275 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1277 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1278 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1280 my $action = $action_name;
1281 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1283 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1284 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1285 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1287 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1289 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1290 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1292 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1293 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1294 $action = "-> $action";
1299 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1301 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1302 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1304 # forward, locate the caller
1305 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1308 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1314 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1333 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1334 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1335 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1338 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1342 #Why does this exist? This is no longer safe and WILL NOT WORK.
1343 # it doesnt seem to be used anywhere. can we remove it?
1344 sub _localize_fields {
1345 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1347 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1348 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1350 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1351 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1352 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1359 Finalizes the request.
1366 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1367 $c->log->error($error);
1370 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1371 my $engine = $c->engine;
1372 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1377 $c->finalize_uploads;
1380 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1384 $c->finalize_headers;
1387 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1388 $c->response->body('');
1394 if ($c->use_stats) {
1395 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1396 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1398 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1401 return $c->response->status;
1404 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1410 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1412 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1418 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1420 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1426 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1428 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1434 sub finalize_headers {
1437 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1439 # Check if we already finalized headers
1440 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1443 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1444 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1445 $response->header( Location => $location );
1447 #Moose TODO: we should probably be using a predicate method here ?
1448 if ( !$response->body ) {
1449 # Add a default body if none is already present
1451 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1457 if ( $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1459 # get the length from a filehandle
1460 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') )
1462 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1463 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1464 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1467 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1471 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1472 $response->content_length( bytes::length( $response->body ) );
1477 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1478 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1479 $response->body('');
1482 $c->finalize_cookies;
1484 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1487 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1490 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1492 An alias for finalize_body.
1494 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1496 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1500 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1502 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1504 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1508 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1510 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1512 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1516 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1518 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1520 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1525 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1527 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1529 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1533 sub handle_request {
1534 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1536 # Always expect worst case!
1539 if ($class->debug) {
1540 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1541 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1542 my $time = localtime time;
1543 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1546 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1548 $status = $c->finalize;
1551 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1553 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1558 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1559 $class->log->$coderef();
1564 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1566 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1572 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1575 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1576 # into the application.
1577 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1579 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1581 # For on-demand data
1582 $c->request->_context($c);
1583 $c->response->_context($c);
1585 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1586 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1588 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1591 #XXX reuse coderef from can
1592 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1593 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1594 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1597 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1598 $c->prepare_connection;
1599 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1600 $c->prepare_headers;
1601 $c->prepare_cookies;
1604 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1605 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1608 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1609 unless ( $c->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1614 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1615 my $path = $c->req->path || '/';
1616 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1618 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1626 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1628 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1632 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1634 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1636 Prepares message body.
1643 #Moose TODO: what is _body ??
1644 # Do we run for the first time?
1645 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1647 # Initialize on-demand data
1648 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1649 $c->prepare_parameters;
1650 $c->prepare_uploads;
1652 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1653 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1654 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1655 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1656 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1658 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1660 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1664 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1666 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1668 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1672 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1674 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1677 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1679 Prepares body parameters.
1683 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1685 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1688 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1690 Prepares connection.
1694 sub prepare_connection {
1696 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1699 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1705 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1707 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1713 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1715 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1717 Prepares parameters.
1721 sub prepare_parameters {
1723 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1724 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1727 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1729 Prepares path and base.
1733 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1735 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1737 Prepares query parameters.
1741 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1744 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1746 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1747 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1748 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1749 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1750 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1752 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1754 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1758 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1760 Prepares the input for reading.
1764 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1766 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1768 Prepares the engine request.
1772 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1774 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1780 sub prepare_uploads {
1783 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1785 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1786 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1787 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1792 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1793 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1794 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1795 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1798 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1802 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1804 Prepares the output for writing.
1808 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1810 =head2 $c->request_class
1812 Returns or sets the request class.
1814 =head2 $c->response_class
1816 Returns or sets the response class.
1818 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1820 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1821 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1822 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1824 You have to set C<< MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} >> to use this
1827 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
1828 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
1829 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
1833 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1841 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1843 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1845 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1849 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1851 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1853 Sets up actions for a component.
1857 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1859 =head2 $c->setup_components
1861 Sets up components. Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass
1862 additional options directly to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional
1863 search paths, specify a key named C<search_extra> as an array
1864 reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::> will have the
1865 application class name prepended to them.
1869 sub setup_components {
1872 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
1873 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
1874 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
1876 push @paths, @$extra;
1878 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
1879 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
1883 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
1884 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
1886 for my $component ( @comps ) {
1888 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
1889 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
1890 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
1892 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
1893 #Class::MOP::load_class($component);
1895 my $module = $class->setup_component( $component );
1897 $component => $module,
1899 $_ => $class->setup_component( $_ )
1901 not exists $comps{$_}
1902 } Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $component )
1905 for my $key ( keys %modules ) {
1906 $class->components->{ $key } = $modules{ $key };
1911 =head2 $c->setup_component
1915 sub setup_component {
1916 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
1918 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
1922 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
1923 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
1925 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
1927 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1929 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1930 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
1934 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1936 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return an object-like value"/
1937 ) unless blessed($instance);
1942 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
1948 sub setup_dispatcher {
1949 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1952 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1955 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
1956 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
1959 unless ($dispatcher) {
1960 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1963 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
1965 # dispatcher instance
1966 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1969 =head2 $c->setup_engine
1976 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1979 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1982 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
1983 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
1986 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1988 # create the apache method
1989 $class->meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
1991 my ( $software, $version ) =
1992 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
1995 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
1997 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2001 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2002 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2005 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2006 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2009 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2010 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2014 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2015 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2020 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2021 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2022 *handler = sub : method {
2023 shift->handle_request(@_);
2027 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2032 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2033 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2037 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2038 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2043 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2046 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2047 #unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
2048 # require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
2051 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2053 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2054 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2059 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2060 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2065 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2066 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2071 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2072 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2078 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2079 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2084 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2087 =head2 $c->setup_home
2089 Sets up the home directory.
2094 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2096 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2100 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2103 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2104 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2105 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2109 =head2 $c->setup_log
2116 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2118 unless ( $class->log ) {
2119 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2122 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2123 if ( defined($env_debug) ? $env_debug : $debug ) {
2124 $class->meta->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2125 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2129 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2135 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2137 Sets up timing statistics class.
2142 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2144 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2146 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2147 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2148 $class->meta->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2149 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2154 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2156 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2157 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2159 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2160 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2161 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2163 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2171 sub registered_plugins {
2173 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2175 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2176 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2179 sub _register_plugin {
2180 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2181 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2183 # no ignore_loaded here, the plugin may already have been
2184 # defined in memory and we don't want to error on "no file" if so
2186 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2188 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2191 if( $class->can('meta') ){
2192 my @superclasses = ($plugin, $class->meta->superclasses );
2193 $class->meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
2195 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2202 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2204 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2206 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2208 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2209 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2212 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2219 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2220 currently executing).
2222 =head2 $c->stats_class
2224 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class.
2226 =head2 $c->use_stats
2228 Returns 1 when stats collection is enabled. Stats collection is enabled
2229 when the -Stats options is set, debug is on or when the <MYAPP>_STATS
2230 environment variable is set.
2232 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overloaded
2233 by declaring "sub use_stats { 1 }" in your MyApp.pm, not by calling $c->use_stats(1).
2240 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2242 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2243 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2244 your output data, if known.
2251 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2252 $c->finalize_headers;
2254 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2259 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2260 messages in template systems.
2264 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2266 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2268 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2269 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2270 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2272 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2274 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2276 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2277 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2280 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2282 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2284 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2286 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2287 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2288 parsing with a config parameter.
2290 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2292 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2294 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2295 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2296 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2297 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2298 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2299 virtual host that the user connected through.
2301 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2302 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2303 changes are made to the request.
2305 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2306 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2308 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2309 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2311 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2313 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2314 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2315 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2318 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2320 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2322 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2324 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2326 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2327 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2328 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2330 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2331 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2332 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2338 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2342 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2343 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2347 http://catalyst.perl.org
2351 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2355 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2357 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2359 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2361 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2363 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2365 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2367 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2369 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2443 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
2447 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2448 the same terms as Perl itself.