4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
20 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
21 use Text::SimpleTable ();
22 use Path::Class::Dir ();
23 use Path::Class::File ();
27 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
28 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
29 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
30 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
37 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
38 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
39 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
40 has stats => (is => 'rw');
41 has action => (is => 'rw');
42 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
43 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
44 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
45 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
47 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
48 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
51 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
54 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
57 # For backwards compatibility
58 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
63 our $RECURSION = 1000;
64 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
65 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
67 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
68 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
69 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
70 for qw/container components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
71 engine_class context_class request_class response_class stats_class
74 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
75 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
76 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
77 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
78 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
80 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
82 our $VERSION = '5.80032';
85 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
87 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
89 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
91 my $caller = caller();
92 return if $caller eq 'main';
94 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
95 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
96 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
97 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
99 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
100 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
102 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
103 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
104 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
107 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
111 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
115 sub _application { $_[0] }
119 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
123 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
124 documentation and tutorials.
126 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
127 # use the helper to create a new application
130 # add models, views, controllers
131 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
132 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
133 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
135 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
136 # --help to see all available options
137 script/myapp_server.pl
139 # command line testing interface
140 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
143 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
145 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
146 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
147 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
148 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
149 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
151 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
152 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
153 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
154 # do something else after forward returns
158 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
159 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
163 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
164 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
166 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
168 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
169 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
170 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
171 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
173 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
176 # called after all actions are finished
178 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
179 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
180 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
181 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
184 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
185 # called for /foo/bar
186 sub bar : Local { ... }
188 # called for /blargle
189 sub blargle : Global { ... }
191 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
192 sub index : Private { ... }
194 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
195 # called for /foo/bar/baz
196 sub baz : Local { ... }
198 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
199 sub auto : Private { ... }
201 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
202 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
203 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
204 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
205 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
208 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
212 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
213 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
214 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
215 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
217 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
219 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
220 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
221 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
224 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
226 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
227 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
231 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
234 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
235 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
237 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
239 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
240 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
242 The following flags are supported:
246 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
247 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
248 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
251 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
252 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
256 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
257 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
259 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
263 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
265 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
267 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
268 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
269 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
270 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
271 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
273 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
274 home directory. If you are working in a development envirnoment, Catalyst
275 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
276 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
277 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
278 application module, without the .pm extension (ie, /foo/MyApp if your
279 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
283 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
285 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
289 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
291 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
293 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
294 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
295 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
297 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
301 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
305 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
306 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
310 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
311 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
313 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
314 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
320 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
321 information about the current client request (including parameters,
322 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
324 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
326 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
328 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
330 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
331 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
332 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
333 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
334 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
336 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
339 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
340 $c->forward('index');
341 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
342 $c->forward('View::TT');
344 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
345 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
346 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus de-fatalizing
347 all 'dies' within the called action. If you want C<die> to propagate you
348 need to do something like:
351 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
353 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
356 $c->forward('foo') || return;
358 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
359 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
360 Thus, something like:
364 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
365 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
366 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
369 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
371 and access it from the stash.
373 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
377 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
379 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
381 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
385 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
386 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
388 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
392 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
394 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
396 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
398 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
399 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
400 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
401 you go to are called, just like a new request.
403 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
404 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
405 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
406 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
407 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
408 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
409 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
410 invoked from the callee.
412 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
414 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
415 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
416 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
417 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
418 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
422 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
424 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
426 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
428 The relationship between C<go> and
429 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
430 the relationship between
431 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
432 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
433 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
434 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
435 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
436 does not return to its caller.
438 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
439 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
444 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
450 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
454 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
455 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
456 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
457 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
458 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
459 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
462 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
463 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
464 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
466 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
467 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
471 around stash => sub {
474 my $stash = $orig->($c);
476 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
477 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
478 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
479 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
489 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
491 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
493 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
494 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
495 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
497 my @error = @{ $c->error };
501 $c->error('Something bad happened');
508 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
509 croak @$error unless ref $c;
510 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
512 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
513 return $c->{error} || [];
519 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
520 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
521 values it returns are scalar.
523 =head2 $c->clear_errors
525 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
526 implementing a custom error screen.
528 This is equivalent to running
539 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
541 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
544 # search components given a name and some prefixes
545 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
546 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
547 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
548 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
549 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
551 my @components = map { $c->container->get_sub_container($_)->get_service_list } $c->container->get_sub_container_list;
553 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
554 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
555 grep { /$filter/ } @components;
557 # undef for a name will return all
558 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
560 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
561 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
563 return @result if @result;
565 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
568 # skip regexp fallback if configured
570 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
574 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
576 # no results? try against full names
578 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
581 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
583 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
584 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
585 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
586 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
587 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
588 my $short = $result[0];
589 # remove the component namespace prefix
590 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
591 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
592 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
593 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
595 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
596 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
597 "component's config";
599 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
600 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
601 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
603 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
609 # Find possible names for a prefix
611 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
612 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
614 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
616 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
617 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
622 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
623 sub _filter_component {
624 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
626 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
627 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
633 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
635 =head2 $c->controller($name)
637 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
639 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
641 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
644 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
646 # find all controllers that start with Foo
647 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
653 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
655 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
657 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
658 my $comps = $c->components;
659 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
660 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
662 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
663 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
664 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
667 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
670 =head2 $c->model($name)
672 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
674 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
676 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
678 If the name is omitted, it will look for
679 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
680 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
681 - a config setting 'default_model', or
682 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
684 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
686 # find all models that start with Foo
687 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
692 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
693 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
695 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
696 my $comps = $c->components;
697 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
698 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
700 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
701 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
702 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
706 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
707 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
708 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
709 if $c->stash->{current_model};
711 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
712 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
714 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
717 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
718 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
719 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
720 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
721 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
724 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
728 =head2 $c->view($name)
730 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
732 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
734 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
736 If the name is omitted, it will look for
737 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
738 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
739 - a config setting 'default_view', or
740 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
742 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
744 # find all views that start with Foo
745 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
750 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
752 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
754 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
755 my $comps = $c->components;
756 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
757 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
758 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
761 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
764 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
765 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
766 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
770 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
771 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
772 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
773 if $c->stash->{current_view};
775 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
776 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
778 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
781 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
782 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
783 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
784 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
785 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
788 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
791 =head2 $c->controllers
793 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
799 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
804 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
810 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
816 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
822 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
825 =head2 $c->comp($name)
827 =head2 $c->component($name)
829 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
830 unless you want to get a specific component by full
831 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
832 should be used instead.
834 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
835 component name will be returned.
837 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
838 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
839 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
841 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
846 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
849 my $comps = $c->components;
852 # is it the exact name?
853 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
854 if exists $comps->{ $name };
856 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
857 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
858 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
859 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
861 # search all of the models, views and controllers
862 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
863 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
866 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
867 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
869 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
870 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
873 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
874 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
875 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
876 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
879 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
883 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
886 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
890 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
892 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
894 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
895 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
896 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
898 =head3 Cascading configuration
900 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
901 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
902 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
903 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
904 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
905 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
907 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
908 component is constructed.
912 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
913 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
915 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
918 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
924 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
925 on the receiving component to access the config value.
927 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
931 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
937 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
938 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
940 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
941 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
942 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
943 the constructor and use those instead.
947 around config => sub {
951 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
952 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
959 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
960 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
961 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
962 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
964 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
969 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
971 Your log class should implement the methods described in
977 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
979 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
983 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
985 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
987 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
989 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
993 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
995 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
1001 =head2 $c->dispatcher
1003 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1007 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1010 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
1012 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
1014 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
1015 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
1016 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
1017 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
1021 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
1026 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
1027 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
1028 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
1029 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
1032 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
1034 Helper method for plugins. It creates a class data accessor/mutator and
1035 loads and instantiates the given class.
1037 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
1039 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
1041 B<Note:> This method of adding plugins is deprecated. The ability
1042 to add plugins like this B<will be removed> in a Catalyst 5.81.
1043 Please do not use this functionality in new code.
1048 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1050 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1051 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in Catalyst 5.81/);
1053 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1055 eval { $plugin->import };
1056 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1058 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1061 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1062 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1065 $class->$name($obj);
1066 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1072 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1073 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1074 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1078 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1083 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1084 croak('Running setup more than once')
1085 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1087 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1089 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1090 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1093 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1094 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1100 foreach (@arguments) {
1104 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1106 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1107 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1110 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1114 $class->setup_config();
1115 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1117 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1118 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1119 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1120 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
1121 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1123 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1125 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1126 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1129 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1133 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1134 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1135 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1136 You are running an old script!
1138 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1139 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1141 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1142 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1147 if ( $class->debug ) {
1148 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1151 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1152 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1153 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1154 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1157 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1158 my $engine = $class->engine;
1159 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1161 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1162 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1166 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1167 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1168 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1171 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1172 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1174 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1175 local *setup = sub { };
1176 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1179 # Initialize our data structure
1180 $class->components( {} );
1182 $class->setup_components;
1184 if ( $class->debug ) {
1185 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1186 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1187 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1188 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1189 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1191 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1192 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1195 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1196 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1197 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1200 $class->setup_actions;
1202 if ( $class->debug ) {
1203 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1204 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1207 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1208 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1210 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1213 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1215 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1216 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1219 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1220 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1221 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1222 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1223 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1225 $meta->make_immutable(
1226 replace_constructor => 1,
1227 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1230 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1231 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1232 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1235 $class->setup_finalize;
1236 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1237 # setup_finalize can log..
1238 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1239 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1242 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1244 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1245 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1247 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1251 after setup_finalize => sub {
1259 sub setup_finalize {
1261 $class->setup_finished(1);
1264 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1266 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1268 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1269 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1270 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1271 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1272 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1274 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1275 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1276 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1278 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1279 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1280 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1281 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1282 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1284 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1285 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1286 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1287 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1288 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1289 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1292 The captures for the current request can be found in
1293 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1294 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1295 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1297 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1298 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1299 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1301 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1302 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1304 # Path to a static resource
1305 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1310 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1312 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1313 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1318 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1321 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1323 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1324 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1325 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1326 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1329 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1330 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1331 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1332 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1336 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1337 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1338 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1342 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1343 if (not defined $path) {
1344 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1348 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1351 unshift(@args, $path);
1353 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1354 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1355 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1356 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1358 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1361 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1362 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1363 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1365 my $base = $c->req->base;
1366 my $class = ref($base);
1367 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1371 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1372 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1373 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1374 my $val = $params->{$_};
1375 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1378 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1381 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1382 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1383 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1385 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1389 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1393 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1395 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1401 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1403 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1404 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1407 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1410 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1412 For example, if the action looks like:
1414 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1416 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1420 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1422 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1428 sub uri_for_action {
1429 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1430 my $action = blessed($path)
1432 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1433 unless (defined $action) {
1434 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1436 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1439 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1441 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1445 sub welcome_message {
1447 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1448 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1449 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1450 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1452 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1453 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1454 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1456 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1457 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1458 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1459 <style type="text/css">
1462 background-color: #eee;
1469 margin-bottom: 10px;
1471 background-color: #ccc;
1472 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1477 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1480 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1483 text-decoration: none;
1485 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1487 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1500 background-color: #fff;
1501 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1505 font-weight: normal;
1527 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1532 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1534 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1535 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1536 framework will make web development something you had
1537 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1538 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1539 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1540 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1541 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1542 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1543 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1545 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1547 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1548 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1550 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1551 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1552 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1553 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1554 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1555 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1556 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1557 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1558 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1559 you are likely to find what you need there.
1563 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1564 get in touch with us.</p>
1567 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1570 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1573 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1576 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1577 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1578 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1579 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1587 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1589 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1591 =head2 $c->components
1593 Returns a hash of components.
1595 =head2 $c->context_class
1597 Returns or sets the context class.
1601 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1602 deep recursion detection).
1606 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1610 Dispatches a request to actions.
1614 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1616 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1618 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1620 =head2 $c->dump_these
1622 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1623 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1629 [ Request => $c->req ],
1630 [ Response => $c->res ],
1631 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1632 [ Config => $c->config ];
1635 =head2 $c->engine_class
1637 Returns or sets the engine class.
1639 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1641 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1647 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1648 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1651 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1652 my $action = $code->reverse();
1653 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1654 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1655 $c->log->error($error);
1661 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1663 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1665 no warnings 'recursion';
1666 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1667 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1668 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1670 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1672 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1674 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1675 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1676 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1678 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1679 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1682 unless ( ref $error ) {
1683 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1685 my $class = $last->class;
1686 my $name = $last->name;
1687 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1696 sub _stats_start_execute {
1697 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1698 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1699 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1700 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1702 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1703 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1705 my $action = $action_name;
1706 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1708 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1709 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1710 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1712 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1714 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1715 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1717 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1718 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1719 $action = "-> $action";
1724 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1726 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1727 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1728 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1730 # forward, locate the caller
1731 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1734 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1740 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1759 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1760 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1761 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1766 Finalizes the request.
1773 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1774 $c->log->error($error);
1777 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1778 my $engine = $c->engine;
1779 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1784 $c->finalize_uploads;
1787 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1791 $c->finalize_headers;
1794 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1795 $c->response->body('');
1803 if ($c->use_stats) {
1804 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1805 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1807 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1810 return $c->response->status;
1813 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1819 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1821 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1827 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1829 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1835 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1837 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1843 sub finalize_headers {
1846 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1848 # Check if we already finalized headers
1849 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1852 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1853 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1854 $response->header( Location => $location );
1856 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1857 # Add a default body if none is already present
1859 qq{<html><body><p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p></body></html>}
1865 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1867 # get the length from a filehandle
1868 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1870 my $stat = stat $response->body;
1871 if ( $stat && $stat->size > 0 ) {
1872 $response->content_length( $stat->size );
1875 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1879 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1880 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1885 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1886 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1887 $response->body('');
1890 $c->finalize_cookies;
1892 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1895 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1898 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1900 An alias for finalize_body.
1902 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1904 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1908 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1910 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1912 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1916 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1918 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1920 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1924 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1926 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1928 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1933 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1935 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1937 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1941 sub handle_request {
1942 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1944 # Always expect worst case!
1947 if ($class->debug) {
1948 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1949 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1950 my $time = localtime time;
1951 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1954 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1956 $status = $c->finalize;
1959 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1961 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1966 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1967 $class->log->$coderef();
1972 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1974 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1980 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1983 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1984 # into the application.
1985 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1987 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1989 # For on-demand data
1990 $c->request->_context($c);
1991 $c->response->_context($c);
1993 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1994 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1995 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1996 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1999 #XXX reuse coderef from can
2000 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
2001 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
2002 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
2005 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
2006 $c->prepare_connection;
2007 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
2008 $c->prepare_headers;
2009 $c->prepare_cookies;
2012 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
2013 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
2016 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
2017 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2022 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
2023 my $path = $c->req->path;
2024 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2025 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2034 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2036 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2040 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2042 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2044 Prepares message body.
2051 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2053 # Initialize on-demand data
2054 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2055 $c->prepare_parameters;
2056 $c->prepare_uploads;
2059 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2061 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2063 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2067 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2069 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2072 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2074 Prepares body parameters.
2078 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2080 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2083 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2085 Prepares connection.
2089 sub prepare_connection {
2091 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2094 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2100 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2102 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2108 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2110 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2112 Prepares parameters.
2116 sub prepare_parameters {
2118 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2119 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2122 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2124 Prepares path and base.
2128 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2130 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2132 Prepares query parameters.
2136 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2139 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2142 =head2 $c->log_request
2144 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2148 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2150 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2152 =item * Request parameters
2154 =item * File uploads
2163 return unless $c->debug;
2165 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2166 my $request = $dump->[1];
2168 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2170 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2172 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2174 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2176 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2177 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2180 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2182 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2185 =head2 $c->log_response
2187 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2188 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2195 return unless $c->debug;
2197 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2198 my $response = $dump->[1];
2200 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2201 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2204 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2206 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2210 =item * Response status code
2212 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2214 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2220 sub log_response_status_line {
2221 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2225 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2226 $response->status || 'unknown',
2227 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2228 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2233 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2235 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the responseheaders.
2236 No-op in the default implementation.
2240 sub log_response_headers {}
2242 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2244 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2248 sub log_request_parameters {
2250 my %all_params = @_;
2252 return unless $c->debug;
2254 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2255 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2256 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2257 next if ! keys %$params;
2258 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2259 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2260 my $param = $params->{$key};
2261 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2262 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2264 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2268 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2270 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2271 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2276 sub log_request_uploads {
2278 my $request = shift;
2279 return unless $c->debug;
2280 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2281 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2282 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2283 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2288 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2289 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2290 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2291 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2294 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2298 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2300 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2301 No-op in the default implementation.
2305 sub log_request_headers {}
2307 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2309 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2316 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2318 return unless $c->debug;
2320 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2321 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2324 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2325 $t->row( $name, $value );
2328 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2332 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2334 Prepares the input for reading.
2338 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2340 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2342 Prepares the engine request.
2346 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2348 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2354 sub prepare_uploads {
2357 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2360 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2362 Prepares the output for writing.
2366 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2368 =head2 $c->request_class
2370 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2372 =head2 $c->response_class
2374 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2376 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2378 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2379 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2380 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2382 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2385 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2386 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2387 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2391 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2399 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
2401 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2403 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2407 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2409 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2411 Sets up actions for a component.
2415 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2417 =head2 $c->setup_config
2424 my %args = %{$class->config || {} };
2425 my @container_classes = qw/MyApp::Container Catalyst::Container/;
2426 unshift @container_classes, delete $args{container_class} if exists $args{container_class};
2428 my $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class(@container_classes);
2430 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, name => "$class" );
2432 $container->add_sub_container(Bread::Board::Container->new( name => $_ )) for qw(model controller view);
2433 $class->container($container);
2435 my $config = $container->fetch('config')->get;
2436 $class->config($config);
2437 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2440 =head $c->finalize_config
2444 sub finalize_config { }
2446 =head2 $c->setup_components
2448 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2450 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2451 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2452 each component into the application.
2454 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2456 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2461 sub setup_components {
2464 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2466 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2467 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2469 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2470 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2471 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2472 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2474 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2476 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2477 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2478 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2480 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2484 $containers->{$_} = $class->container->get_sub_container($_) for qw(model view controller);
2486 for my $component (@comps) {
2487 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2488 my $type = lc((split /::/, $component)[1]);
2489 if ($deprecatedcatalyst_component_names) {
2490 $type = 'controller' if $type eq 'c';
2491 $type = 'model' if $type eq 'm';
2492 $type = 'view' if $type eq 'v';
2494 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Bread::Board::BlockInjection->new( name => $component, block => sub { return $instance } ));
2495 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2496 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2497 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2498 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2499 next if $comps{$component};
2501 $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @expanded_components;
2502 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2503 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2504 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2506 if ($deprecatedcatalyst_component_names) {
2507 $type = lc((split /::/, $component)[1]);
2508 $type = 'controller' if $type eq 'c';
2509 $type = 'model' if $type eq 'm';
2510 $type = 'view' if $type eq 'v';
2512 $containers->{$type}->add_service(Bread::Board::BlockInjection->new( name => $component, block => sub { return $class->setup_component($component) } ));
2513 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2518 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2520 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2521 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2523 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2524 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2525 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2526 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2530 sub locate_components {
2534 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2535 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2537 push @paths, @$extra;
2539 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2540 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2544 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2545 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2550 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2552 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2553 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2557 sub expand_component_module {
2558 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2559 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2562 =head2 $c->setup_component
2566 sub setup_component {
2567 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2569 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2573 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2574 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2575 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2576 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2577 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2578 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2580 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2582 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2584 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2585 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2589 unless (blessed $instance) {
2590 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2591 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2592 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2593 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2594 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2596 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2602 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2608 sub setup_dispatcher {
2609 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2612 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2615 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2616 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2619 unless ($dispatcher) {
2620 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2623 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2625 # dispatcher instance
2626 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2629 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2636 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
2639 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
2642 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'ENGINE' ) ) {
2643 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $env;
2646 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
2647 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2649 # create the apache method
2650 $meta->add_method('apache' => sub { shift->engine->apache });
2652 my ( $software, $version ) =
2653 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
2656 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
2658 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
2662 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
2663 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
2666 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2667 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
2670 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
2671 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
2675 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2676 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2681 # install the correct mod_perl handler
2682 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
2683 *handler = sub : method {
2684 shift->handle_request(@_);
2688 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
2693 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
2694 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
2698 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2699 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
2704 $engine = $class->engine_class;
2707 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2709 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
2711 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
2712 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
2717 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
2718 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
2723 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
2724 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2729 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
2730 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
2736 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
2737 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2742 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2745 =head2 $c->setup_home
2747 Sets up the home directory.
2752 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2754 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2758 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2761 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2762 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2763 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2767 =head2 $c->setup_log
2769 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2770 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2773 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2774 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2775 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2777 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2778 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2779 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2784 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2787 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2788 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2789 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2791 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2792 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2793 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2794 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2797 unless ( $class->log ) {
2798 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2801 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2802 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2803 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2807 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2813 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2815 Sets up timing statistics class.
2820 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2822 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2824 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2825 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2826 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2827 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2832 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2834 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2835 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2837 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2838 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2839 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2841 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2849 sub registered_plugins {
2851 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2853 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2854 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2857 sub _register_plugin {
2858 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2859 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2861 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2862 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is decated and will not work in 5.81" )
2863 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2864 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2866 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2867 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2873 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2875 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2876 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2879 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2880 $class . '::Plugin',
2881 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2887 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2888 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2889 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2890 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2892 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2896 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2897 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2898 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2901 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2909 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2910 currently executing).
2914 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2915 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2916 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2918 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2919 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2920 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2923 =head2 $c->stats_class
2925 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2927 =head2 $c->use_stats
2929 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2931 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2932 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2939 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2941 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2942 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2943 your output data, if known.
2950 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2951 $c->finalize_headers;
2953 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2958 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2959 messages in template systems.
2963 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2965 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2967 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2973 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2977 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2981 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2982 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2983 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
2984 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
2985 instead C<undef> will be returned.
2989 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2990 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2991 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2995 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2999 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3004 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3005 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3006 the upload) before actually recieving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3010 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3011 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3012 templates to a different directory.
3016 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3017 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3018 C<< $c->components >>).
3022 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3023 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3027 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controlls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3028 variable should be used for determining the request path. See L<Catalyst::Engine::CGI/PATH DECODING>
3029 for more information.
3033 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3037 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3039 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3040 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3041 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3043 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3045 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3047 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3048 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3049 parsing with a config parameter.
3051 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3053 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3055 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3056 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3057 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3058 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3059 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3060 virtual host that the user connected through.
3062 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3063 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3064 changes are made to the request.
3066 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3067 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3069 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3070 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3072 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3073 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3074 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3075 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3076 be created properly.
3078 In the case of passing in:
3080 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3082 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3084 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3086 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3087 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3088 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3091 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3093 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3095 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3097 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3099 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3100 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3101 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3103 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3104 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3105 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3111 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3115 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3116 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3120 http://catalyst.perl.org
3124 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3128 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3130 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3132 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3134 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3136 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3138 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3140 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3142 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3144 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3146 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3152 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3154 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3158 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3162 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3164 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3166 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3168 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3170 chansen: Christian Hansen
3172 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3174 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3176 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3178 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3180 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3184 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3186 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3190 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3192 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3194 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3196 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3198 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3202 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3206 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3208 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3210 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3212 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3214 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3216 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3222 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3224 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3226 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3228 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3230 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3232 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3234 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3238 naughton: David Naughton
3240 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3242 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3244 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3250 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3252 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3254 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3256 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3258 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3260 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3262 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3266 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3268 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3272 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3274 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3276 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3278 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3280 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3282 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3284 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3288 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3292 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3293 the same terms as Perl itself.
3299 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;