4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
19 use Text::SimpleTable ();
20 use Path::Class::Dir ();
21 use Path::Class::File ();
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
27 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
28 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
30 use String::RewritePrefix;
31 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
35 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
36 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
37 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
38 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
40 BEGIN { require 5.008003; }
42 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
43 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
44 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
45 has stats => (is => 'rw');
46 has action => (is => 'rw');
47 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
52 my %p = ( _log => $self->log );
53 $p{_uploadtmp} = $self->_uploadtmp if $self->_has_uploadtmp;
54 $self->request_class->new(\%p);
62 $self->response_class->new({ _log => $self->log });
66 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
68 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
69 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
72 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
75 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
78 # For backwards compatibility
79 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
84 our $RECURSION = 1000;
85 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
86 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
88 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
89 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
90 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
91 for qw/container arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
92 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
93 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file run_options/;
95 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
96 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
97 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
98 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
100 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
102 our $VERSION = '5.90011';
105 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
107 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
109 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
111 my $caller = caller();
112 return if $caller eq 'main';
114 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
116 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) { # XXX - Remove!
117 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Component'); # XXX - Remove!
118 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses); # XXX - Remove!
121 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
122 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
124 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
125 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
126 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
129 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
133 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
137 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
138 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
139 "Catalyst applications (aka MyApp) cannot be controllers anymore. " .
140 "That has been deprecated and removed. You should create a " .
141 "controller class called Root.pm, and move relevant code to that class."
147 my $class = ref $self;
149 return unless $class->setup_finished;
151 $self->container->_set_application($self);
154 sub _application { $_[0] }
158 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
162 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
163 documentation and tutorials.
165 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
166 # use the helper to create a new application
169 # add models, views, controllers
170 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
171 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
172 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
174 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
175 # --help to see all available options
176 script/myapp_server.pl
178 # command line testing interface
179 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
182 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
184 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
185 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
186 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
187 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
188 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
190 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
191 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
192 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
193 # do something else after forward returns
197 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
198 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
202 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
203 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
205 # called after all actions are finished
207 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
208 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
209 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
210 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
213 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
217 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
218 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
219 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
220 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
222 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
224 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
225 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
226 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
229 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
231 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
232 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
236 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
239 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
240 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
242 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
244 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
245 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
247 The following flags are supported:
251 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
252 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
253 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
256 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
257 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
261 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
263 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
265 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
266 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
267 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
268 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
269 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
271 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
272 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
273 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
274 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
275 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
276 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
277 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
281 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
283 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
287 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
289 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
291 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
292 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
293 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
295 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
299 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
303 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
304 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
308 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
309 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
311 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
312 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
318 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
319 information about the current client request (including parameters,
320 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
322 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
324 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
326 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
328 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
329 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
330 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
331 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
332 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
334 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
337 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
338 $c->forward('index');
339 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
340 $c->forward('View::TT');
342 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
343 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
344 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
345 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
346 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
350 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
352 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
355 $c->forward('foo') || return;
357 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
358 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
359 Thus, something like:
363 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
364 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
365 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
368 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
370 and access it from the stash.
372 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
376 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
378 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
380 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
384 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
385 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
387 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
391 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
393 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@arguments ] )
395 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
397 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
399 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
401 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
402 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
403 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
404 you go to are called, just like a new request.
406 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
407 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
408 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
409 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
410 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
411 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
412 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
413 invoked from the called action.
415 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
417 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
418 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
419 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
420 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
421 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
425 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
427 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
429 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
431 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
433 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
435 The relationship between C<go> and
436 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
437 the relationship between
438 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
439 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
440 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
441 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
442 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
443 does not return to its caller.
445 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
446 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
451 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
457 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
461 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
462 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
463 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
464 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
465 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
466 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
469 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
470 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
471 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
473 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
474 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
478 around stash => sub {
481 my $stash = $orig->($c);
483 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
484 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
485 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
486 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
496 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
498 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
500 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
501 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
502 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
504 my @error = @{ $c->error };
508 $c->error('Something bad happened');
515 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
516 croak @$error unless ref $c;
517 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
519 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
520 return $c->{error} || [];
526 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
527 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
528 values it returns are scalar.
530 =head2 $c->clear_errors
532 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
533 implementing a custom error screen.
535 This is equivalent to running
546 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
548 =head2 $c->controller($name)
550 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
552 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
554 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
557 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
559 # find all controllers that start with Foo
560 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
565 sub controller { shift->_lookup_mvc('controller', @_) }
567 =head2 $c->model($name)
569 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
571 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
573 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
575 If the name is omitted, it will look for
576 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
577 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
578 - a config setting 'default_model', or
579 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
581 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
583 # find all models that start with Foo
584 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
588 sub model { shift->_lookup_mvc('model', @_) }
590 =head2 $c->view($name)
592 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
594 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
596 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
598 If the name is omitted, it will look for
599 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
600 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
601 - a config setting 'default_view', or
602 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
604 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
606 # find all views that start with Foo
607 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
611 sub view { shift->_lookup_mvc('view', @_) }
614 my ( $c, $type, $name, @args ) = @_;
616 if (ref $c && !$name) {
617 my $current_instance = $c->stash->{"current_${type}_instance"};
618 return $current_instance
619 if $current_instance && $type ne 'controller';
621 $name = $type eq 'controller'
622 ? Catalyst::Utils::class2classshortsuffix($c->action->class)
623 : $c->stash->{"current_${type}"}
627 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container($type, $name, $c, @args);
630 =head2 $c->controllers
632 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
638 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
643 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
649 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
655 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
661 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
664 =head2 $c->comp($name)
666 =head2 $c->component($name)
668 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
669 unless you want to get a specific component by full
670 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
671 should be used instead.
673 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
674 component name will be returned.
679 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
681 unless ($component) {
682 $c->log->warn('Calling $c->component with no args is deprecated and ');
683 $c->log->warn('will be removed in a future release.');
684 $c->log->warn('Use $c->component_list instead.');
685 return $c->component_list;
688 my @result = $c->container->find_component( $component, $c, @args );
690 # list context for regexp searches
691 return @result if ref $component;
693 # only one component (if it's found) for string searches
694 return shift @result if @result;
696 if (ref $c eq $component) {
697 $c->log->warn('You are calling $c->comp("MyApp"). This behaviour is');
698 $c->log->warn('deprecated, and will be removed in a future release.');
702 $c->log->warn("Looking for '$component', but nothing was found.");
704 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
705 $c->log->warn('Component not found, returning the list of existing');
706 $c->log->warn('components. This behavior is deprecated and will be');
707 $c->log->warn('removed in a future release. Use $c->component_list');
708 $c->log->warn('instead.');
710 return $c->component_list;
713 =head2 $c->component_list
715 Returns the sorted list of the component names of the application.
719 sub component_list { sort keys %{ shift->components } }
721 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
725 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
727 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
729 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
730 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
731 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
733 =head3 Cascading configuration
735 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
736 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
737 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
738 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
739 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
740 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
742 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
743 component is constructed.
747 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
748 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
750 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
753 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
759 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
760 on the receiving component to access the config value.
762 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
766 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
772 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
773 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
775 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
776 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
777 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
778 the constructor and use those instead.
782 around config => sub {
786 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
787 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
794 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
795 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
796 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
797 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
799 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
804 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
806 Your log class should implement the methods described in
812 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
814 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
818 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
820 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
822 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
824 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
828 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
830 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
836 =head2 $c->dispatcher
838 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
842 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
845 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
847 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
849 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
850 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
851 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
852 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
856 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
861 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
862 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
863 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
864 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
868 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
870 # See block comment in t/aggregate/unit_core_plugin.t
871 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
872 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/);
874 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
876 eval { $plugin->import };
877 $class->mk_classdata($name);
879 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
882 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
883 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
887 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
893 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
894 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
895 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
899 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
901 B<Note:> You B<should not> wrap this method with method modifiers
902 or bad things will happen - wrap the C<setup_finalize> method instead.
907 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
908 croak('Running setup more than once')
909 if ( $class->setup_finished );
911 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
913 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
914 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
917 if ( $class->arguments ) {
918 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
924 foreach (@arguments) {
928 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
930 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
931 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
934 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
938 $class->setup_config();
939 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
941 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
942 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
943 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
944 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
945 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
947 $class->setup_engine();
948 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
950 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
952 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
953 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
956 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
960 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
961 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
962 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
963 You are running an old script!
965 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
966 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
968 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
969 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
974 if ( $class->debug ) {
975 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
978 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
979 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
980 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
981 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
984 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
985 my $engine = $class->engine;
986 my $home = $class->config->{home};
988 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
989 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
993 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
994 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
995 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
998 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
999 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1001 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1002 local *setup = sub { };
1003 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1006 $class->setup_components;
1010 my $comps = $class->container->get_all_components($class)
1012 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1013 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1014 $t->row( $_ => ref($comps->{$_}) ? 'instance' : 'class' ) for keys %$comps;
1016 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1019 $class->setup_actions;
1021 if ( $class->debug ) {
1022 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1023 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1026 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1027 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1029 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1032 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1034 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1035 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1038 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1039 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1040 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1041 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1042 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1044 $meta->make_immutable(
1045 replace_constructor => 1,
1046 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1049 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1050 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1051 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1054 $class->setup_finalize;
1055 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1056 # setup_finalize can log..
1057 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1058 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1061 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1063 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1064 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1066 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1070 after setup_finalize => sub {
1078 sub setup_finalize {
1080 $class->setup_finished(1);
1083 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1085 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1087 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1088 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1089 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1090 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1091 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1093 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1094 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1095 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1097 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1098 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1099 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1100 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1101 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1103 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1104 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1105 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1106 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1107 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1108 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1111 The captures for the current request can be found in
1112 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1113 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1114 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1116 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1117 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1118 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1120 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1121 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1123 # Path to a static resource
1124 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1129 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1131 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1132 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1137 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1140 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1142 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1143 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1144 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1145 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1148 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1149 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1150 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1151 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1155 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1156 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1157 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1161 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1162 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1163 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1165 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1166 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1169 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1170 if (not defined $path) {
1171 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1175 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1178 unshift(@args, $path);
1180 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1181 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1182 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1183 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1185 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1188 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1189 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1190 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1192 my $base = $c->req->base;
1193 my $class = ref($base);
1194 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1198 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1199 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1200 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1201 my $val = $params->{$_};
1202 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1205 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1208 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1209 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1210 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1212 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1216 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1220 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1222 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1228 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1230 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1231 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1234 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1237 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1239 For example, if the action looks like:
1241 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1243 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1247 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1249 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1251 =item \@captures_and_args?
1253 Optional array reference of Captures (i.e. C<<CaptureArgs or $c->req->captures>)
1254 and arguments to the request. Usually used with L<Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained>
1255 to interpolate all the parameters in the URI.
1259 Optional list of extra arguments - can be supplied in the
1260 C<< \@captures_and_args? >> array ref, or here - whichever is easier for your
1263 Your action can have zero, a fixed or a variable number of args (e.g.
1264 C<< Args(1) >> for a fixed number or C<< Args() >> for a variable number)..
1266 =item \%query_values?
1268 Optional array reference of query parameters to append. E.g.
1274 /rest/of/your/uri?foo=bar
1280 sub uri_for_action {
1281 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1282 my $action = blessed($path)
1284 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1285 unless (defined $action) {
1286 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1288 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1291 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1293 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1297 sub welcome_message {
1299 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1300 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1301 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1302 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1304 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1305 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1306 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1308 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1309 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1310 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1311 <style type="text/css">
1314 background-color: #eee;
1321 margin-bottom: 10px;
1323 background-color: #ccc;
1324 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1329 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1332 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1335 text-decoration: none;
1337 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1339 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1352 background-color: #fff;
1353 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1357 font-weight: normal;
1379 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1384 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1386 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1387 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1388 framework will make web development something you had
1389 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1390 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1391 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1392 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1393 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1394 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1395 <pre>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1397 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1399 <code>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Intro">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1400 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1402 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1403 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1404 helper scripts to generate <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AController">controllers</a>,
1405 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AModel">models</a>, and
1406 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AView">views</a>;
1407 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1408 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1409 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1410 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1411 you are likely to find what you need there.
1415 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1416 get in touch with us.</p>
1419 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1422 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1425 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1428 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1429 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1430 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1431 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1441 Contains a hash of options passed from the application script, including
1442 the original ARGV the script received, the processed values from that
1443 ARGV and any extra arguments to the script which were not processed.
1445 This can be used to add custom options to your application's scripts
1446 and setup your application differently depending on the values of these
1449 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1451 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1453 =head2 $c->components
1455 Returns a hash of components.
1460 my ( $class, $comps ) = @_;
1462 # people create components calling this sub directly, before setup
1463 $class->setup_config unless $class->container;
1465 my $container = $class->container;
1468 $container->add_component( $_ ) for keys %$comps;
1471 return $container->get_all_components($class);
1474 =head2 $c->context_class
1476 Returns or sets the context class.
1480 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1481 deep recursion detection).
1485 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1489 Dispatches a request to actions.
1493 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1495 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1497 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1499 =head2 $c->dump_these
1501 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1502 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1508 [ Request => $c->req ],
1509 [ Response => $c->res ],
1510 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1511 [ Config => $c->config ];
1514 =head2 $c->engine_class
1516 Returns or sets the engine class.
1518 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1520 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1526 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1527 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1530 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1531 my $action = $code->reverse();
1532 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1533 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1534 $c->log->error($error);
1540 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1542 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1544 no warnings 'recursion';
1545 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1546 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1547 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1549 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1551 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1553 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1554 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1555 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1557 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1558 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1561 unless ( ref $error ) {
1562 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1564 my $class = $last->class;
1565 my $name = $last->name;
1566 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1575 sub _stats_start_execute {
1576 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1577 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1578 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1579 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1581 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1582 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1584 my $action = $action_name;
1585 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1587 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1588 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1589 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1591 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1593 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1594 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1596 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1597 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1598 $action = "-> $action";
1603 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1605 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1606 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1607 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1609 # forward, locate the caller
1610 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1613 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1619 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1638 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1639 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1640 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1645 Finalizes the request.
1652 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1653 $c->log->error($error);
1656 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1657 my $engine = $c->engine;
1658 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1663 $c->finalize_uploads;
1666 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1670 $c->finalize_headers;
1673 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1674 $c->response->body('');
1682 if ($c->use_stats) {
1683 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1684 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1686 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1689 return $c->response->status;
1692 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1698 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1700 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1706 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1708 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1714 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1716 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1722 sub finalize_headers {
1725 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1727 # Check if we already finalized headers
1728 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1731 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1732 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1733 $response->header( Location => $location );
1735 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1736 # Add a default body if none is already present
1737 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1738 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1739 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1741 <title>Moved</title>
1744 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1748 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1753 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1755 # get the length from a filehandle
1756 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1758 my $size = -s $response->body;
1760 $response->content_length( $size );
1763 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1767 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1768 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1773 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1774 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1775 $response->body('');
1778 $c->finalize_cookies;
1780 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1783 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1786 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1788 An alias for finalize_body.
1790 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1792 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1796 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1798 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1800 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1804 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1806 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1808 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1812 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1814 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1816 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1821 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1823 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1825 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1829 sub handle_request {
1830 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1832 # Always expect worst case!
1835 if ($class->debug) {
1836 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1837 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1838 my $time = localtime time;
1839 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1842 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1844 $status = $c->finalize;
1847 chomp(my $error = $_);
1848 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1853 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1854 $class->log->$coderef();
1859 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1861 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1868 predicate => '_has_uploadtmp',
1872 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1875 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1876 # into the application.
1877 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1879 my $uploadtmp = $class->config->{uploadtmp};
1880 my $c = $class->context_class->new({ $uploadtmp ? (_uploadtmp => $uploadtmp) : ()});
1882 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1883 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1884 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1885 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1889 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1890 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1891 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1894 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1895 $c->prepare_connection;
1896 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1897 $c->prepare_headers; # Just hooks, no longer needed - they just
1898 $c->prepare_cookies; # cause the lazy attribute on req to build
1901 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1902 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1905 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1906 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1912 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
1914 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
1915 $c->response->status(400);
1916 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
1917 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
1918 # Note we call finalize and then die here, which escapes
1919 # finalize being called in the enclosing block..
1920 # It in fact couldn't be called, as we don't return $c..
1921 # This is a mess - but I'm unsure you can fix this without
1922 # breaking compat for people doing crazy things (we should set
1923 # the 400 and just return the ctx here IMO, letting finalize get called
1934 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1936 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1940 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1942 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1944 Prepares message body.
1951 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1953 # Initialize on-demand data
1954 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1955 $c->prepare_parameters;
1956 $c->prepare_uploads;
1959 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1961 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1963 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1967 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1969 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1972 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1974 Prepares body parameters.
1978 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1980 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1983 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1985 Prepares connection.
1989 sub prepare_connection {
1991 # XXX - This is called on the engine (not the request) to maintain
1992 # Engine::PSGI back compat.
1993 $c->engine->prepare_connection($c);
1996 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1998 Prepares cookies by ensuring that the attribute on the request
1999 object has been built.
2003 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->request->cookies }
2005 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2007 Prepares request headers by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2008 object has been built.
2012 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->request->headers }
2014 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2016 Prepares parameters.
2020 sub prepare_parameters {
2022 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2023 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2026 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2028 Prepares path and base.
2032 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2034 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2036 Prepares query parameters.
2040 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2043 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2046 =head2 $c->log_request
2048 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2052 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2054 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2056 =item * Request parameters
2058 =item * File uploads
2067 return unless $c->debug;
2069 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2070 my $request = $dump->[1];
2072 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2074 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2076 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2078 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2080 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2081 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2084 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2086 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2089 =head2 $c->log_response
2091 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2092 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2099 return unless $c->debug;
2101 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2102 my $response = $dump->[1];
2104 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2105 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2108 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2110 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2114 =item * Response status code
2116 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2118 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2124 sub log_response_status_line {
2125 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2129 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2130 $response->status || 'unknown',
2131 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2132 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2137 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2139 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2140 No-op in the default implementation.
2144 sub log_response_headers {}
2146 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2148 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2152 sub log_request_parameters {
2154 my %all_params = @_;
2156 return unless $c->debug;
2158 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2159 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2160 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2161 next if ! keys %$params;
2162 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2163 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2164 my $param = $params->{$key};
2165 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2166 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2168 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2172 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2174 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2175 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2180 sub log_request_uploads {
2182 my $request = shift;
2183 return unless $c->debug;
2184 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2185 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2186 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2187 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2192 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2193 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2194 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2195 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2198 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2202 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2204 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2205 No-op in the default implementation.
2209 sub log_request_headers {}
2211 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2213 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2220 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2222 return unless $c->debug;
2224 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2225 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2228 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2229 $t->row( $name, $value );
2232 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2236 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2238 Prepares the input for reading.
2242 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2244 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2246 Prepares the engine request.
2250 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2252 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2258 sub prepare_uploads {
2261 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2264 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2266 Prepares the output for writing.
2270 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2272 =head2 $c->request_class
2274 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2276 =head2 $c->response_class
2278 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2280 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2282 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2283 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2284 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2286 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2289 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2290 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2291 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2295 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->request->read( @_ ) }
2305 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2306 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2307 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2310 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2312 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2316 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2318 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2320 Sets up actions for a component.
2324 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2326 =head2 $c->setup_config
2333 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2335 my $container_class;
2337 if ( exists $args{container_class} ) {
2338 $container_class = delete $args{container_class};
2339 Class::MOP::load_class($container_class);
2342 $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class("${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::IOC::Container');
2345 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, application_name => "$class", name => "$class" );
2346 $class->container($container);
2348 my $config = $container->resolve( service => 'config' );
2349 $class->config($config);
2350 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2353 =head2 $c->finalize_config
2357 sub finalize_config { }
2359 =head2 $c->setup_components
2361 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2363 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2364 package names with the $container->expand_component_module method, and then
2365 installs each component into the application.
2367 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2371 sub setup_components { shift->container->setup_components }
2373 =head2 locate_components
2377 sub locate_components {
2380 $class->log->warn('The locate_components method has been deprecated.');
2381 $class->log->warn('Please read Catalyst::IOC::Container documentation to');
2382 $class->log->warn('update your application.');
2384 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2385 return sort { length $a <=> length $b }
2386 @{ $class->container->resolve( service => 'locate_components' ) };
2389 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2395 sub setup_dispatcher {
2396 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2399 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2402 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2403 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2406 unless ($dispatcher) {
2407 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2410 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2412 # dispatcher instance
2413 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2416 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2423 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2425 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2426 $class->engine_loader(
2427 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2428 application_name => $class,
2429 (defined $requested_engine
2430 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2435 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2439 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2442 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2444 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2445 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2446 application_name => $class,
2447 (defined $requested_engine
2448 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2451 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2454 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2457 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2458 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2460 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2462 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2463 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2465 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2466 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2467 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2468 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2470 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2472 my $psgi_app = $class->_finalized_psgi_app;
2473 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2476 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2479 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2484 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2487 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2488 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2489 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2492 return $app->_psgi_app;
2495 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2498 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2499 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2500 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2503 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2505 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2506 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2507 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2508 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2509 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2511 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2512 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2513 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2516 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2519 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2521 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2522 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2526 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2529 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2531 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2532 useful and commonly needed:
2534 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2535 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2536 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2537 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2538 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2540 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2541 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2547 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2548 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2550 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2552 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2555 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2556 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2557 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2561 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2562 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2563 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2565 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($_[0]) },
2568 return unless $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} && $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} =~ m!lighttpd[-/]1\.(\d+\.\d+)!;
2569 return unless $1 < 4.23;
2574 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2575 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2577 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2584 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2585 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2586 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2588 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2589 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2595 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2598 =head2 $c->setup_home
2600 Sets up the home directory.
2605 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2607 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2611 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2614 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2615 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2616 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2620 =head2 $c->setup_log
2622 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2623 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2626 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2627 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2628 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2630 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2631 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2632 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2637 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2640 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2641 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2642 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2644 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2645 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2646 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2647 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2650 unless ( $class->log ) {
2651 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2654 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2655 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2656 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2660 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2666 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2668 Sets up timing statistics class.
2673 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2675 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2677 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2678 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2679 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2680 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2685 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2687 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2690 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2691 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2692 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2694 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2702 sub registered_plugins {
2704 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2706 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2707 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2710 sub _register_plugin {
2711 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2712 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2714 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2715 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2716 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2717 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2719 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2720 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2726 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2728 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2729 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2732 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2733 $class . '::Plugin',
2734 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2740 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2741 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2742 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2743 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2745 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2749 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2750 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2751 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2754 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2762 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2763 currently executing).
2767 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2768 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2769 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2771 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2772 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2773 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2776 =head2 $c->stats_class
2778 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2780 =head2 $c->use_stats
2782 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2784 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2785 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2792 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2794 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2795 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2796 your output data, if known.
2803 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output (for compat)
2804 $c->finalize_headers;
2806 return $c->response->write( @_ );
2811 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2812 messages in template systems.
2816 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2818 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2820 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2826 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2830 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2834 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2835 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2836 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2840 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2844 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2849 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2850 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2851 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2855 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2856 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2857 templates to a different directory.
2861 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2862 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2866 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2867 variable should be used for determining the request path.
2869 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
2870 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
2871 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
2873 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
2874 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
2878 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
2880 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
2881 The path is generated from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
2882 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
2883 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
2885 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
2886 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
2887 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
2888 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
2890 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
2892 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
2893 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
2894 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
2896 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
2897 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
2898 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
2900 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
2901 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
2902 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
2903 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
2904 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
2910 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2914 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2916 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2917 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2918 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2920 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2922 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2924 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2925 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2926 parsing with a config parameter.
2928 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2930 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2932 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2933 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2934 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2935 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2936 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2937 virtual host that the user connected through.
2939 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2940 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2941 changes are made to the request.
2943 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2944 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2946 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2947 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2949 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2950 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2951 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2952 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
2953 be created properly.
2955 In the case of passing in:
2957 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
2959 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
2961 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2963 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2964 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2965 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2968 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
2970 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2972 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 0);
2974 =head2 Note about psgi files
2976 Note that if you supply your own .psgi file, calling
2977 C<< MyApp->psgi_app(@_); >>, then B<this will not happen automatically>.
2979 You either need to apply L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy> yourself
2980 in your psgi, for example:
2983 enable "Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy";
2987 This will unconditionally add the ReverseProxy support, or you need to call
2988 C<< $app = MyApp->apply_default_middlewares($app) >> (to conditionally
2989 apply the support depending upon your config).
2991 See L<Catalyst::PSGI> for more information.
2993 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2995 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
2996 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
2997 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
2999 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3000 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3001 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3007 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3011 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3012 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3016 http://catalyst.perl.org
3020 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3024 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3026 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3028 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3030 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3032 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3034 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3036 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3038 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3040 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3042 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3048 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3050 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3054 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3060 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3062 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3064 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3066 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3068 chansen: Christian Hansen
3070 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3072 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3074 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3076 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3078 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3082 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3084 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3088 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3090 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3092 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3094 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3096 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3100 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3104 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3106 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3108 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3110 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3112 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3114 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3120 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3122 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3124 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3126 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3128 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3130 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3132 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3136 naughton: David Naughton
3138 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3140 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3142 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3148 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3150 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3152 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3154 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3156 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3158 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3160 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3164 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3166 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3170 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3172 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3174 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3176 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3178 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3180 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3182 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3186 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3190 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3191 the same terms as Perl itself.
3197 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;